Risk Of Recession Research Articles

Tourism Recovery and Sustainability Post Pandemic: An Integrated Approach for Kenya’s Tourism Hotspots

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the tourism industry, leading to global economic and societal disruptions, and a growing risk of a global recession. This project aimed to investigate the impact of the pandemic on conservation, communities, and businesses in Masai Mara, and identify critical factors for sustainable tourism recovery. Four objectives were explored: (1) awareness of critical factors for tourism recovery and sustainability during and after the pandemic period; (2) socio-economic vulnerabilities of indigenous communities to COVID-19; (3) lessons learned to enhance adaptation and resilience; and (4) the impact of COVID-19 on conservation management of the destination. We used mixed methods, including field observations, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions, to collect data from tourism industry businesses and policymakers in the Masai Mara conservation area. The findings indicated a negative large-scale effect on conservation, tourism business, and communities in the area. The study recommends integrated interventions by both county and national governments, targeting small, medium, and micro enterprises. The persistence of the economic damage to the tourism sector will depend on how both county and national governments handle policy interventions towards the funding of tourism SMMEs, the community livelihood programme, and conservation partnerships to incentivize tourism recovery.

Factors Associated with Esthetic Outcomes of Flapless Immediate Placed and Loaded Implants in the Maxillary Incisor Region—Three-Year Results of a Prospective Case Series

Flapless immediate implant placement and provisionalization (FIIPP) is often associated with an increased risk of buccal soft-tissue recession. This study aims to assess the 3-year esthetic outcome. In 100 consecutive patients, one maxillary incisor, with or without a pre-extraction buccal bone defect (≤5 mm), was replaced by an implant installed in a maximal palatal position (buccal gap ≥2 mm). The created gaps were filled with bovine bone substitute. Patient satisfaction (PS), pink esthetic scores (PES/modPES), and white esthetic score (WES) were calculated at different time points. A multilevel regression analysis (MRA) was performed to analyze which factors may be associated with the esthetics. After three years, PS scored 8.9 ± 0.84 on a scale of 10 (n = 83), and the soft-tissue esthetics were high (PES = 12.2; modPES = 8.5), as was the WES (8.2), showing no decrease from one year. Buccal bone defect size and smoking could not be associated with the soft-tissue outcome; however, implant location, gap size, and emergence profiles could. Performing FIIPP, the final crown (WES) scored highest when it was cemented, the soft tissue (PES/modPES) in central-incisor positions, and all (WES/PES/modPES) with concave emergence profiles.

Pengelolaan Keuangan Guna Menghadapi Resesi 2023

The threat of a global recession is projected to continue until 2023, where this starts in 2021 due to the impact of Covid-19, GDP has decreased to decline in successive quarters. This should not be ignored because it will have an impact on the possibility of increasing the risk of recession. . So that business people are not significantly affected by the 2023 recession which is projected to continue, business people must have financial quality that is strong enough both now and in the future. This can be realized through good financial management. The implementation method for this activity consisted of a preparatory stage, namely conducting an initial survey of the Bojongloa District regarding the problems that occurred, carrying out sharing sessions on financial management, and conducting monitoring and evaluation to find out how much the participants' abilities in this financial management activity had increased.

Smoking Is Associated With a Higher Risk of Surgical Intervention for Thyroid Eye Disease in the IRIS Registry

To describe the association of smoking status with surgical intervention for thyroid eye disease (TED) at the population-level. Retrospective cohort study. This study included all adults (aged ≥18 years) with Graves disease in the Intelligent Research in Sight (IRIS) Registry (January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2020). The primary outcome was surgical intervention for TED, stratified into orbital decompression, strabismus surgery, and eyelid recession surgery. The Kaplan-Meier estimated 5-year cumulative probability for each surgical intervention was calculated. Multivariable Cox regression was used to evaluate the association between smoking status and each surgical intervention, adjusting for age, sex, race, ethnicity, and geographic region. This study included 87,774 patients. Median age was 59 years (IQR, 48-68 years); 81% were female patients. Current smokers had a greater 5-year cumulative probability of orbital decompression (3.7% vs 1.9%; P < .001), strabismus surgery (4.6% vs 2.2%; P < .001), and eyelid recession (4.1% vs 2.6%; P < .001) compared to never smokers. After adjusting for demographic factors, current smokers were at greater risk for orbital decompression (hazard ratio [HR], 2.1; 95% CI, 1.8-2.4; P < .001), strabismus surgery (HR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.8-2.3; P < .001), and eyelid recession (HR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.5-1.9; P < .001) than never smokers. Former smokers were at higher risk for each type of surgery for TED, albeit at lower levels than current smokers. Smoking was associated with increased risk of surgical intervention for TED in the IRIS Registry. Former smokers were at a lower risk than current smokers, supporting the role of smoking cessation on lowering the burden of surgical disease at the population-level.

АНТИКРИЗИСНОЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫМ ПРОИЗВОДСТВОМ В УСЛОВИЯХ САНКЦИЙ

This article examines the factors that determine the systemic stability of Russian industry in the context of the imposition of sanctions by foreign countries. The purpose of the article is to identify areas of anti-crisis management of industrial production in modern conditions of sanctions pressure. As a result of the study, the role of anti-crisis management of industrial production in Russia for its restoration was revealed. Overcoming the annual indicators of unprofitable enterprises in Russia since 2016 was not possible until 2023. In addition, the number of bankrupt enterprises in the period 2007–2022. does not decrease. These indicators indicate the significant influence of external factors associated with geopolitical influence on the activities of enterprises. The study identified risks associated with the activities of industrial enterprises: the risk of a global recession, a high probability of increased sanctions pressure, the risk of a reduction in export earnings and the persistence of pro-inflationary risks. The sanctions pressure did not provoke a serious crisis in the regional industry, but created conditions for reducing dependence on imports, localizing production within the region, optimizing the structure and vector of foreign trade activities of industrial enterprises. However, due to the increased sanctions pressure in 2022 in the field of industrial production, it is necessary to formulate additional measures for anti-crisis management. Anti-crisis management under sanctions depends not only on the activities of the enterprises themselves based on internal processes, but also on the activities of the state. To build new supply chains, establish alternative channels for selling products, and actively develop import substitution, large-scale infrastructure investments are required, which depends on significant government participation in the form of investments and the formation of legislation to support the development of domestic industrial production.

Methods and Technology Used to Accelerate Dental Movements in Orthodontic Treatments

Due to the overwhelming desire among adults for shorter orthodontic treatment times, there is a growing trend in research that focuses on accelerating procedures for tooth movement. Unfortunately, lengthy orthodontic treatment times come with a number of adverse effects, including an increased risk of tooth decay, gingival recession, and root resorption. Finding the greatest way to maximize tooth motion with the least drawbacks is now more important than ever. The surgical method provides the most dependable results, but its invasiveness limits its use. Corticotomy is one of the commonly used techniques in practice for acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement. Numerous corticotomy methods have been successful in causing accelerated tooth movement. Through the use of these approaches, local acceleratory phenomena are activated, fostering an ideal milieu for tooth movement acceleration. In order to expedite orthodontic tooth movement while adhering to a specified surgical and orthodontic regimen, the piezocision treatment appears to be the ideal compromise. In cases of dehiscence and/or fenestration on the alveolar bone linked to moderate to severe overcrowding, piezocision surgery enables the inclusion of biomaterials. Low-level laser therapy and orthognathic surgery-first are also methods used to accelerate tooth motion among various others. However, further research should be done to ascertain the optimal way to accelerate tooth movement because each approach has benefits and drawbacks. The purpose of this research is to review the available information about methods and technology used to accelerate dental movements in orthodontic treatments..

Managing Recession Risk

Managing Recession Risk

CONVENTIONAL RESULTS OF UNCONVENTIONAL MONETARY POLICY

The financial crisis of 2008 was a major crisis after 1929. It reminded once again us about the contradictory nature of fractional reserve Banking. The Great Depression taught us that the financial crisis of 2008 would result in a substantial reduction in economic activity and a sharp deterioration of key economic indicators. To "avoid" recessionary risks, the Federal Reserve System and other central banks of developed countries actively adopted monetary easing measures. A large amount of money was injected into the credit system. At the initial stage, the "explanation" of the mentioned measure was liquidity and recession risks. However, the time has shown us that the number of “colored papers" does not create wealth, it only distributes it in favor of those who have the privilege to "spend" it first, until a quantitative increase of money will be reflected in prices. As expected, the unconventional monetary policy gave very conventional results: inflation, stagnation, and an overheated credit system. The results would be more unambiguous without the Russia-Ukraine war, which affected inflation in the EU. The results of the monetary experiment conducted after the financial crisis of 2008 and its consequences, once again showed us that finance does not create wealth, it only promotes, distributes, and insures it. Therefore, every attempt to improve the picture of the real economy with monetary interventions is futile and cannot change the final result. With monetary interventions, it is only possible to postpone the consequences of the crisis, at the expense of their aggravation and intensification.

Groundshot: a pan-European, patient-centred, and data-driven approach to tackling cancer

In 2017, inspired by the US Cancer Moonshot initiative, The Lancet Oncology published a Commission on cancer research priorities in the USA. Writing in a Comment reflecting on this Commission from a European perspective, Fortunato Ciardiello and Josep Tabernero remarked, “as scientists and doctors working in Europe, we…believe that The Lancet Oncology Commission presents research priorities that must also be discussed within the European Union (EU)...[because]…large disparities in national cancer research programmes and actions in cancer care still exist between EU countries.” This astute observation has become even more complicated in the intervening years because of the UK's exit from the EU (Brexit), the COVID-19 pandemic, the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the cost-of-living crisis, and the impending risk of a global recession.

From Short-Term Risk to Long-Term Strategic Challenges: Reviewing the Consequences of Geopolitics and COVID-19 on Economic Performance

The COVID-19 crisis and the war between Russia and Ukraine affects the world economy badly. The western countries’ economic sanctions on Russia and the Russian government’s reverse sanctions on western countries create pressure on the world economy. This study was conducted to investigate how the economic performance is responding to COVID-19 and the geopolitical crisis of the era. In doing so, both theoretical and numerical data reviews have been performed. The objective of the study is to investigate the short-term risks and long-term strategic challenges of the crisis. The study used a bibliometric approach with the help of RStudio software. The Web of Science database was used for extracting the resources in line with the grey literature from the Google Search engine. A total of 895 documents were utilized in this bibliometric analysis. At the same time, secondary panel data extracted from the international monetary fund (IMF) for a period of 4 years (2019–2022) were utilized for reviewing numerical implications. The purposive sampling technique is used for data selection and main economic variables. The findings of the study imply that countries over the world registered less economic growth, high inflation rate, and high government debt in 2022 compared to the fiscal period of 2019–2021. The emerging economies and developing countries of Europe were badly affected by the crisis as the level of inflation rate hit 27 percent and the economic growth of the region registered a negative 2.9 percent. The study also found rising interest rates, exchange rate volatility, risk of stagflation, and rising energy prices are the short-term risks to economies. The issue of sustainable development goals and green aspects, risk of hyperinflation, and risk of economic recession are the long-term strategic challenges or risks to economies. Bailout and debt relief were found to be necessary for those countries badly affected by the crisis. Policymakers should facilitate financial policies and should switch from general assistance to targeted support of viable enterprises.

Segregation analysis of 17,425 population-based breast cancer families: Evidence for genetic susceptibility and risk prediction

SummaryRare pathogenic variants in known breast cancer-susceptibility genes and known common susceptibility variants do not fully explain the familial aggregation of breast cancer. To investigate plausible genetic models for the residual familial aggregation, we studied 17,425 families ascertained through population-based probands, 86% of whom were screened for pathogenic variants in BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, CHEK2, ATM, and TP53 via gene-panel sequencing. We conducted complex segregation analyses and fitted genetic models in which breast cancer incidence depended on the effects of known susceptibility genes and other unidentified major genes and a normally distributed polygenic component. The proportion of familial variance explained by the six genes was 46% at age 20–29 years and decreased steadily with age thereafter. After allowing for these genes, the best fitting model for the residual familial variance included a recessive risk component with a combined genotype frequency of 1.7% (95% CI: 0.3%–5.4%) and a penetrance to age 80 years of 69% (95% CI: 38%–95%) for homozygotes, which may reflect the combined effects of multiple variants acting in a recessive manner, and a polygenic variance of 1.27 (95% CI: 0.94%–1.65), which did not vary with age. The proportion of the residual familial variance explained by the recessive risk component was 40% at age 20–29 years and decreased with age thereafter. The model predicted age-specific familial relative risks consistent with those observed by large epidemiological studies. The findings have implications for strategies to identify new breast cancer-susceptibility genes and improve disease-risk prediction, especially at a young age.

Do oral piercings cause problems in the mouth?

Aim This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesise the current evidence for the association of oral piercings with oral complications.Data sources Research published before January 2022 was identified from the Cochrane Library, Virtual Health Library, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar and OpenGrey databases. Experts in the field were approached via email to request access to relevant ongoing studies and unpublished results.Study design Two independent reviewers determined the eligibility of studies based on the predefined inclusion criteria. Where the outcome was unclear, a third reviewer was consulted to reach consensus. Using the Joanne Briggs institute criteria for critical appraisal, 15 studies achieved good methodological quality.Meta-analysis was conducted to determine the event rate of gingival recession and damage to teeth in participants with oral piercings and to determine odds ratios of these outcomes in participants with oral piercings compared to those without.Results In total, 54 studies published between 2000-2021 met the inclusion criteria, providing a total sample of 27,963 piercings covering various anatomical sites: tongue (39 studies), lip (29 studies) and other sites, such as oral frenula or cheek (11 studies).Meta-analysis showed that there was a 34% prevalence of dental fracture (DF) in participants with oral piercings and this was 34% for tooth wear, 33% for gingival recession (GR), 27% for non-specified dental damage and 22% for tooth chipping. A significant association was found between oral piercings and the presence of GR and DF, with a seven-fold and three-fold increased risk, respectively, when an oral piercing was present. Reporting bias was not observed and evidence certainty for these outcomes was low.Conclusions The presence of oral piercings is associated with an increased risk of gingival recession and dental fracture.

Partial Extraction Therapy with Early Implant Placement in the Esthetic Zone: A Clinical Case Report

Immediate replacement of teeth designated for extraction is an appealing treatment rationale for both the patient and the operator. However, it has been associated with a greater risk of facial recession and compromised soft-tissue esthetics. Partial extraction therapy (PET) or synonymously socket shield technique (SST) or root membrane technique (RMT) has been proposed to conserve the facial alveolar contour and soft-tissue esthetics. In this article, a special case is described where a root membrane was used to prevent the modeling of the facial aspect of the extraction socket. Partial extraction was performed allowing the socket with the facial root membrane in situ to partially heal for 8 weeks before implant placement. Successful integration and restoration were achieved with very minimal hard- and soft-tissue changes, accentuating satisfactory esthetic results as dictated by objective esthetic assessment. PET with early implant placement may be considered a viable treatment option for selected cases.

The risk assessment of surface recession damage for architectural buildings in Italy

Limestone monuments are generally subjected to natural and anthropogenic environmental threats. This paper describes a methodology to assess the risk of surface recession damage, due to air pollution and meteorological factors, to architectural buildings in Italy. Through the elaboration of environmental data and information on conservation conditions of cultural heritage, three different risk models were identified: i) the territorial risk, obtained combining territorial hazard information with the density of historic buildings defined at municipal scale; ii) the individual risk, attained by overlapping territorial hazard data at municipal scale, with surface vulnerability and exposure information of a single monument; iii) the local risk, defined starting from the combination of territorial hazard at sub-municipal scale, with vulnerability and exposure information of a single monument. The first model refers to the risk of an aggregate of cultural assets located in a municipality, while the other two indicators identify the damage risk of a single monument at municipal and sub-municipal spatial scales. The proposed method was applied, using GIS (Geographical Information System) application, to identify the three risk models for Italian architectural buildings using environmental and monument conservation data updated to 2018. The territorial hazard was defined by assessing the material loss damage expressed as surface recession and quantified starting from air pollutant concentrations and meteorological data measured by the monitoring station network of Italy in 2018. The vulnerability and exposure information were extracted from the Italian Risk Map of Cultural Heritage system. The obtained results allowed to identify the potentially most aggressive areas from climatic and environmental point of view and the architectural buildings most exposed to surface recession risk. The methodology described in this paper can be therefore considered as a tool that can be used, by policy makers, to plan priority maintenance and conservation activities in order to reduce the progress and the intensity of decay on outdoor cultural properties.

Analysis on the Causes of Italian Economic Recession after the 1990s

Italy is the world's tenth largest economies, one of the four big economies in Europe, but since there are many problems of its economic development, Italy had been mires in three recessions since 2008. In recent years, development situation is not optimistic because of the hit of COVID-19 pandemic; expect that, the influence of European debt crisis also made the Italian economy could not return to the past economic level. Being faced with the pressure of epidemicpreventionandcontrolas well as the recession risks, containing a recession seems extremely difficult for Italy. This article will start from the chronic illness of Italy's economic development, combined with the Italian economy development history after the Second World War and investigate the key causes of the Italian economic downturn. Italy used to be the birthplace of the Roman Empire, with a remarkable history and glorious culture;it also had its own moment of glory in the modern economic history. In the 1950 s until the end of the 1960 s, it witnessed a lasted 20 years of rapid economic growth, which is called "economic miracle" of Italy. Nowadays, this prosperity period is long gone, and Italy even be seen as Europe's "white elephant".Fierce outbreak of novel corona virus since 2020, Italian domestic epidemic is raging. And the increasingly rigorous anti-epidemic measures not only made the local people "flee at the news", but also act as a daunting prospect try for the investors, then cause a full-blown attack on the weak Italian economy. Since 2000, there is an almost zero growth in Italian economy, and falls into the predicament of the recession after 2008. Therefore, with the spread of the epidemic, now Italy's economic risk has been close to the edge of the cliff.

Are Stocks Pricing in Recession Risks? Evidence from Dividend Futures

Since the beginning of this year, broad equity price indexes around the world have declined significantly. In interpreting the declines, market commentaries have highlighted the risks to the economic outlook in the United States and other advanced economies.

Financial and Macroeconomic Indicators of Recession Risk

Recessions impose sizable hardship, with large increases in the unemployment rate and related dislocations. In addition, recessions can lead to large shifts in financial markets. As a result, economists and financial market professionals have considered prediction models to assess the probability of a recession.

Prevention of Post-Gingivectomy Gingival Recession in Fixed Orthodontic Patients with Gingival Enlargement: A Case Report

Background: The use of fixed orthodontic appliances can affect periodontal tissues. It can increase the risk of plaque and calculus accumulation. One of the effects on the periodontal tissue is gingival enlargement. The usual treatment for gingival enlargement is gingivectomy with an external bevel. This treatment carries a risk of gingival recession if the base of the pocket is apical to the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ).&#x0D; Objective: To report the actions to be taken in case of post-gingivectomy gingival recession.&#x0D; Case Report: An 18-year-old woman presented to the Dental and Oral Hospital, Universitas Gadjah Mada Prof. Soedomo, with complaints of swelling of the lower front gums, partially covering the crown of the teeth, sometimes bleeding when brushing her teeth, but no pain. The patient has been in fixed orthodontic treatment since early 2018. The treatment in this case in the form of gingivectomy gave good results which aimed to remove the gingival pocket, form a new gingival anatomy and create a new gingival margin. In addition, a new gingival margin was considered coronal with suturing and fixation on the brackets to prevent recession.&#x0D; Conclusion: The risk of gingival recession after gingivectomy can occur, especially in the gingiva with a thin biotype. Coronally advance flap may be an option to position the gingival margin coronal to the CEJ to prevent gingival recession after gingivectomy procedure.&#x0D; Keywords: gingival enlargement, gingivectomy, fixed orthodontic appliance, coronally advanced flap

Extramaxillary Zygomatic Implant Coverage with a Pedicled Buccal Fat Pad Flap Through a Tunnel Approach: A Prospective Case Series.

To describe the benefits of covering the extrasinusal length of extramaxillary zygomatic implants with a pedicled buccal fat pad flap through a tunnel approach. Four extramaxillary zygomatic implants were placed in 10 patients and loaded immediately with an acrylic provisional fixed prosthesis. The extrasinusal length of every implant was covered with a pedicled buccal fat pad flap. Study variables were implant survival rate, peri-implant soft tissue recession (PISTR), peri-implant soft tissue condition (PISTC), modified Bleeding Index (mBI), and suppuration. The statistical analysis comprised the Brunner-Langer model of longitudinal data for each variable and the analysis of variance to assess main effects and interactions. All the zygomatic implants showed osseointegration, resulting in a survival rate of 100%. The PISTR was evaluated after surgery (T0) and after 12 months (T1), statistically significant differences being observed (P = .014). Recession also depended on specific implant positioning; zygomatic implants in the anterior were found to have a higher risk of recession vs implants in the posterior (P = .065). The PISTC was assessed at T0 and T1, and no statistically significant changes were observed (P = .718). Bleeding on probing was present in 10% of the implants at T0 and in 15% at T1, the difference being nonsignificant (P = .317). The use of a pedicled buccal fat pad flap to cover the extrasinusal length of extramaxillary zygomatic implants appears to reduce the risk of soft tissue recession and exposure of the implant surface to the oral cavity.

In memory of Professor Iain Wilkinson: cognitive and neuroimaging endophenotypes in a consanguineous schizophrenia multiplex family.

Schizophrenia endophenotypes may help elucidate functional effects of genetic risk variants in multiply affected consanguineous families that segregate recessive risk alleles of large effect size. We studied the association between a schizophrenia risk locus involving a 6.1Mb homozygous region on chromosome 13q22-31 in a consanguineous multiplex family and cognitive functioning, haemodynamic response and white matter integrity using neuroimaging. We performed CANTAB neuropsychological testing on four affected family members (all homozygous for the risk locus), ten unaffected family members (seven homozygous and three heterozygous) and ten healthy volunteers, and tested neuronal responses on fMRI during an n-back working memory task, and white matter integrity on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) on four affected and six unaffected family members (four homozygous and two heterozygous) and three healthy volunteers. For cognitive comparisons we used a linear mixed model (Kruskal-Wallis) test, followed by posthoc Dunn's pairwise tests with a Bonferroni adjustment. For fMRI analysis, we counted voxels exceeding the p < 0.05 corrected threshold. DTI analysis was observational. Family members with schizophrenia and unaffected family members homozygous for the risk haplotype showed attention (p < 0.01) and working memory deficits (p < 0.01) compared with healthy controls; a neural activation laterality bias towards the right prefrontal cortex (voxels reaching p < 0.05, corrected) and observed lower fractional anisotropy in the anterior cingulate cortex and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. In this family, homozygosity at the 13q risk locus was associated with impaired cognition, white matter integrity, and altered laterality of neural activation.