Objective To observe the effect of Huang Qi Yong An decoction on angiogenesis and hemodynamics after finger replantation and investigate its mechanism in restoring blood circulation.Methods Sixty patients who had replantation of severed fingers from March 2010 to April 2013 were involved in the study.The patients were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group.Patients in the control group were treated with conventional therapy and took orally 200ml taste masking agent as a placebo everyday for a week.Based on the principles of evidence-based medicine,patients in the experimental group took Huang Qi Yong An decoction everyday for a week.Postoperative symptoms and signs were observed for two weeks.Expression of bFGF and VEGF in the peripheral blood was detected using flow cytometry at 6,12,24,48,72 and 120 postoperative hours.Blood viscosity was measured with an automatic blood rheometer.Results Patients in the experimental group had improved results than those in the control group after two weeks (P < 0.05).The expressions of bFGF and VEGF in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at 48 and 72 hours (P < 0.05).Whole blood viscosity,whole blood reduced viscosity,red cell assembling index and electrophoresis index in the experimental group were significantly lower comparing to those in the control group (P < 0.05).On the other hand erythrocyte deformation index was significantly higher (P < 0.05).Conclusion Huang Qi Yong An decoction can upregulate the expression of bFGF and VEGF in the peripheral blood in finger replantation patients and promote angiogenesis at the repair site,decrease blood viscosity,and improve blood supply efficiency of the replanted fingers. Key words: Hemodynamics; Blood vessel; Finger replantation; Huang Qi Yong An decoction