Real View Research Articles

Ideological orientations and left-right self-identifications of young Polish men and women: an image of the political gender-generation gap

The subject of the author’s interest is the diversity of ideological orientations due to gender and age. The theoretical findings so far indicate that in developed democracies already at the end of the 1990s there was a reversal of the ideological positions of women and men. Recent social research shows that also in Poland women identify with the left to a greater extent than men, and in the younger generation these differences are even greater. The aim of the article is to show in detail the ideological differences between young men and women in Poland. The author poses two types of research questions: (1) descriptive and explanatory, which concern the characteristics of similarities and differences in the ideological orientations of young women and men; (2) methodological, which concern how to measure this phenomenon. The author assumes that the measurement of left-right self-identification used in many studies brings an overly simplified picture of the respondents’ real views, beliefs and values, which can be described as ideological orientations. Therefore, he proposes the use of multidimensional tools (issue-based scale) that allow to better describe complex political attitudes. In search of answers, the author analyzes data from his own survey conducted among a large group of Polish students.

Readiness to Apply MSMEs Financial Accounting Standards in the Preparation of Financial Reports in UD. Sari Rama Bakery

The study aims to determine the application of SAK EMKM in the preparation of financial reports UD. Sari Rama Bakery. Methods of data collection in this study using interviews, observation and documentation. The analytical method used in this research is descriptive analysis method. The results of this study indicate that UD. Sari Rama Bakery has not recorded its business financial statements in accordance with SAK EMKM because the recording of financial reports is not in accordance with SAK EMKM guidelines but only records incoming and outgoing cash. This is because UD. Sari Rama Bakery does not meet the elements of preparing financial statements according to SAK EMKM including statements of financial position, profit and loss statements, and Notes to Financial Statements. This shows that UD. Sari Rama Bakery has not been able to measure the level of the company's financial performance and has not been able to determine business development. This study contributes for SMEs to describe in more detailed and in-depth, considering that this research focuses on quality and the results of the research can describe the reality view of other SMEs on what has been experienced at the research site. The results of this research provide insight into the reality of implementing SAK EMKM and show that the importance of knowledge for MSME actors to prepare financial reports in accordance with SAK EMKM. The limitation of this research is that UD. Sari Rama Bakery does not keep financial records in accordance with SAK EMKM, but only records incoming and outgoing cash.

As-Deformable-As-Possible Single-Image-Based View Synthesis Without Depth Prior

Depth-image-based rendering (DIBR) technologies have been widely employed to synthesize novel realistic views from a single image in 3D video applications. However, DIBR-oriented approaches heavily rely on the accuracy of depth maps, usually requiring the depth GT as a prior. Despite that, there might exist extensive float precision losses and invalid holes in the synthesized view due to warping error and occlusion. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end as-deformable-as-possible (ADAP) single-image-based view synthesis solution without depth prior. It addresses the above issues through two stages: alignment and reconstruction, where we first transform the input image to the latent feature space and then reconstruct the novel view in the image domain. In the first stage, the input image is deformed to align with the synthesized view at feature level. To this end, we propose an ADAP alignment mechanism through pixel-level warping to error-level quantization to feature-level alignment, progressively improving the deformable capability in handling challenging motion conditions in real-world scenes. In the second stage, we exploit an occlusion-aware reconstruction module to recover the content details from the deformed feature at pixel level. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our alignment-reconstruction approach is robust to the depth map. Even with a coarsely estimated depth map, our solution outperforms other SoTA schemes in the popular benchmarks.

Internalisasi Nilai Kearifan Lokal dalam Keilmuan Bimbingan dan Konseling

World life which is constantly changing rapidly requires the presence of realistic studies and views by paying attention to local wisdom. In the academic field, especially education today, which is characterized by decentralization and autonomy, it gives a pedagogical orientation to the trend of multiculturalism. The orientation of Indonesian education is directed at the nation's motto “Bhineka Tunggal Ika”, Unity in Diversity, meaning that the blueprint for Indonesian education must be based on a philosophical and cultural basis which guarantees that Indonesian people are dignified and sovereign who are not uprooted from their cultural roots as an Indonesian nation. Guidance and counseling as an integral part of education requires a strong philosophical foundation based on the abstraction of environmental and local cultural values. For guidance and counseling, the philosophical foundation provides directions for scientific development as general competence, code of ethics, and practice of guidance and counseling services. Directions are needed as a guide in facing such rapid and complex changes in life.

The path towards increasing RAMS for novel complex missions based on CubeSat technology

The paper presents the initial outcomes of a project, currently ongoing under the supervision of the European Space Agency, having the main objective to specify and design a Fault Detection Isolation and Recovery (FDIR) system by making use of relevant RAMS (Reliability, Availability, Maintainability, Safety) analyses for missions in non-deterministic environment with limited resources. The initial project tasks have been to select a study case represented by a CubeSat complex mission, analyse in detail both its mission and system requirements and, based on them, define a set of relevant RAMS analyses to be carried out in the second phase of the project, as inputs for the development of a FDIR concept aimed at a careful balance of the limited spacecraft resources in case of critical failures. Two possible study cases have been identified: LUMIO, a 12U CubeSat mission for the observation of micro-meteoroid impacts on the Lunar farside, and M-ARGO, a 12U deep-space CubeSat which will rendezvous with a near-Earth asteroid and characterize its physical properties for the presence of in-situ resources. Although both missions are characterized by a high level of autonomy and complexity in a harsh environment, LUMIO has been eventually selected as study case for the project. In the paper, the challenges and features of this mission are shortly presented. The specificities of the RAMS analysis and FDIR concept for this specific class of small satellite missions (including the selected study case) are highlighted in the paper, looking in particular at aspects such as the improvement of reliability while maintaining the CubeSat philosophy, the tuning of mission and system requirements in view of facilitating the design and implementation of the FDIR concept, and the current gaps within the RAMS/FDIR body of knowledge. The conclusions drawn during this first project phase provide a real view of how systems engineering must work in tandem with RAMS analyses and FDIR to achieve a more robust and functional mission architecture, thus improving the mission reliability.

Supporting the Transition to Higher Education: Finnish Principals’ Views on Opportunities and Challenges of Institutional Cooperation

The transition from upper secondary school to higher education is a major change in students’ lives. Supporting students to make informed decisions based on a realistic view of higher education is one of the key elements to ensuring their motivation in future studies. Cooperation between upper secondary and higher education is one model for providing students with realistic views. However, little research has been produced from this cooperation. Therefore, the aim of this paper, based on mixed-method research, is to produce new insights into the opportunities provided by institutional cooperation by analyzing the views of Finnish upper secondary school principals (N = 94). The data were gathered using an online survey and analyzed via qualitative content analysis and descriptive statistics. The results indicate that principals consider cooperation with higher education institutions to be beneficial but there are some challenges in its implementation, such as the different structures of upper secondary schools and universities and inadequate information about possible opportunities. There are also great differences in upper secondary schools’ levels of participation. Distance to the nearest higher education institution and the size of the upper secondary school affected the participation models. There is a need to support cooperation between institutions to ensure equal possibilities for students, such as common structures, better information, as well as a multitude of different opportunities.

How real will the metaverse be? Exploring the spatial impact of virtual worlds

ABSTRACT In this paper, we perform a preliminary analysis of the technologies, firms and industries that may be affected by the possible futures of the metaverse, attempting to derive some hypotheses on the spatial effects of this process. We distinguish between two possible evolutive scenarios – the ‘metaverse shaped by reality view’ and the ‘metaverse shaping reality view’ – and factors affecting them, deriving implications for public policy planning. The first scenario presents relatively traditional core policy challenges: ensuring homogeneous availability of network infrastructures as well as the skills indispensable to catch the new technological opportunities at the local level, accompanying the reallocation of factors of production associated to disruption and addressing inequalities. In the second, the main challenge is more radical: to ensure that desirable features are incorporated in the emerging virtual worlds from the start.

Common Stock Returns around Farmout Announcements in the Oil and Gas Industry

We examine market reactions to farmout agreements, a common form of strategic alliance undertaken by oil and gas explorers internationally. Using an Australian sample of 722 farmout agreements announced during the 1990–2016 period, we find that farmout announcements generate a positive cumulative average abnormal return of 3.60% for farmors and 1.90% for farminees over a 3-day event window. Cross-sectional analysis of farmors’ event returns provides results consistent with the resource pooling hypotheses. We also find that farmors’ announcement returns are sensitive to the underlying oil price volatility, consistent with the real options view of farmout arrangements.

Penerapan Computational Thinking Melalui Media Permainan Robot Untuk Melatih Kemampuan Critical Thinking Siswa SMK Taruna Persada Dumai

Computational thinking (CT) is the ability to think in formulating problems and solutions by thinking logically step by step to be able to determine an effective decision. CT can be embedded in all subjects, one of which is Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). Not all teachers are competent, and not all students are interested in it. This PkM applies computational thinking in STEM classes by providing realistic views of the STEM field to students through an educational robot game called Robot Edison. This workshop uses the pre-test and post-test methods to measure the increase in students' knowledge. Students do the pre-test questions, and after being given CT material and robot games, students work on the post-test questions. The number of students who took this test amounted to 16 people. Students experienced an increase in post-test scores for SMA-level questions by 66.7%. All students strongly agree (100%) that the material provided can improve their insights and abilities as vocational students. When playing with the Robot, the students looked enthusiastic and happy and were starting to think critically when making decisions on a problem effectively, and one group successfully completed the robot challenge in about 30 minutes

P-177 Is AI the future of ART? Key barriers and drivers to AI adoption in clinical practice from the views of 144 fertility professionals

Abstract Study question What are the barriers, needs and views of fertility professionals towards using AI based decision tools in clinical practice? Summary answer There is an overall positive view towards using AI. The low implementation of AI in clinical practice is resultant of insufficient experience, knowledge and validation. What is known already Increased use of AI in fertility is aimed at improving clinical decisions and lab techniques by fertility professionals and improving standards of care experienced by patients. Despite the increasing presence of AI in peer-reviewed publications, the real views of fertility professionals regarding AI tools in fertility care are still unknown. Especially, with regards to whether any barriers in implementing these tools are experienced by fertility professionals or whether all required needs are met. This is the first comprehensive study that specifically focuses on understanding the views, needs and barriers faced by fertility professionals regarding utilising AI in fertility clinical practice. Study design, size, duration A structured questionnaire was distributed to 1419 fertility professionals. Respondents received the questionnaire online. In person interactions were also made at the ESHRE conference (2022) to encourage participation. Fertility professionals were identified from the ESHRE members list, with an equal distribution between countries as represented by the number of IVF cycles in those countries. With 144 responses from 37 countries, the response rate was 10%. Responses were collected between 13th May and 14th July 2022. Participants/materials, setting, methods The questionnaire consisted of 28 questions, split into 4 sections: (i) the demographics of the participant, (ii) their knowledge of AI, (iii) current use and (iv) unmet needs towards AI in clinical practice. Perceptions were graded (1:Strongly Against, 2:Against, 3:Neutral, 4:For, 5:Strongly For). Main results and the role of chance Respondents expressed positive views towards AI in clinical practice as highlighted by fertility professionals having felt more positive towards using ‘AI’ (average score = 3.9) compared to using ‘decision support tools’ (3.7,p = 0.002). Most participants had positive/neutral views regarding ‘patient confidence towards them when implementing AI decision tools in treatment plans’ (77%,n = 125). 78% of participants were intrigued in finding out more about the possible implementation of AI in clinical practice. Contrastingly, only 53% believed that AI could help reduce their clinical burden in decision making (1:7%,2:13%,3:37%,4:40%,5:13%). Age, source of funding and occupation did not affect perceptions. Furthermore, inexperience and lack of knowledge of AI tools were major barriers experienced: 14/29 participants that disagreed with whether utilising AI could reduce clinical burden, had never even used AI tools in the first place. Similarly, 11% indicated discomfort in using AI tools in clinical practice, of whom 79% self-described as having poor knowledge of AI. Evidence and data with improved live birth rate was identified by most respondents (120/144) as the most critical/important unmet need by fertility professionals. The preferred manner of implementation was directly to the equipment used in clinical practice (50%). Limitations, reasons for caution Despite attempts to have invitees’ global distribution matching global cycle numbers, the actual respondents did not reflect the proportion of IVF cycles in each country due to an increased response rate from UK, France and Europe and a reduced response rate from China and Asia. Wider implications of the findings This is the first study to assess perceptions of fertility professionals towards the use of AI in fertility care, highlighting the need to increase education of fertility professionals and validation standards to support fertility professionals in the responsible use of this new type of technology. Trial registration number N/A

Perceptions about Aging and Ageism from 14 Cross-sectional Cohorts of Undergraduate Dental Students.

Although positive and negative views of aging and older adults exist, how undergraduate dental students imagine their lives to be as they grow older remains to be fully explored. This study aimed at determining the self-perceived views of being 65, 75, or 85 y of age, as expressed by undergraduate dental students at the University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, Canada. A 14-y cross-sectional study design was utilized involving third-year undergraduate dental students at UBC's Faculty of Dentistry. Brief individual essays (150 words) encompassing students' self-perceived views were gathered as part of a dental geriatric course from 2009 to 2022; however, essays were not mandatory. Saldaña's inductive coding and thematic analysis of textual data were used. Themes and categories of information were identified and matched with their excerpts while aiming for data saturation. Over the 14-y period, 657 students were enrolled in UBC's undergraduate dental geriatric course, and 561 essays were collected. Inductive coding and thematic analysis identified 5 main themes and 11 categories. While themes included "oral health, general health, and the mind" and "me, myself, and familial relationships," the categories focused on "(un)able bodies" and "general health." Positive views about the aging process were shared, while less optimistic ideas-and even ageism-were apparent when students saw themselves as not employable or living in isolation. Positive and negative views were not bound by the students' academic year but might have been influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the number of older adults already surpasses the number of children in many countries, ageism appears to have permeated through students' views of 3 older ages. More positive yet realistic views of growing older were also shared. Follow-up studies are needed to explore the impact of dental education on decreasing ageism. As the proportion of older adults in the global population steadily grows, it is important to educate heath care providers about normal and pathologic aging to avoid ageism-stereotypes, prejudices, and discrimination against older adults. This cross-sectional study involved 14 cohorts of undergraduate dental students exploring their self-perceived views of growing older. Although positive and negative views of aging were shared, dental education must focus on decreasing ageism.

Zasadność argumentu śliskiego zbocza (równi pochyłej) przeciwko dopuszczalności lekarskiej pomocy w umieraniu

Slippery slope argument against physician’s assistance in dying is often used in ethical debates and even more often in public space. The essence of this argumentation is to show that acceptance of one truly right action must unavoidably lead to acceptance of one truly wrong action. It can be justified in two ways. Firstly, by showing an appropriate empirical data and secondly, by demonstrating that the distinction between two above mentioned actions is totally arbitrary and then presuming that this arbitrariness must lead to inefficiency of such border. This argument is used in inappropriate ways. First of all, it is used by people who think that both actions are wrong. They decided to use this argumentation in order to hide their real views (e.g. that suicide is immoral because of religious faith). Others have transform slippery slope argument into a very different one called “non-principled distinction”. This one was only mentioned in this article. Secondly, data collected by many studies has shown that there is no empirical slippery slope from the acceptance of physician’s assistance in dying to development of social pressure on vulnerable groups to ask for such procedures. Actually something the opposite: has been shown The excluded people have more difficult access to euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide.

Factors Associated With Speaking English as a Foreign Language Effectively in Higher Education

This study aimed to investigate the factors that influence the effective speaking of English as a foreign language (EFL) in higher education. Data were collected through an open-ended, in-depth interview with seven interviewees and analyzed using the thematic analysis (TA) technique. The results showed six significant themes related to effective student speaking: aptitude, motivation, opportunity, learning media, learning strategy, and language function. Future research must collect more diverse instances of effective speaking functions and components. Multiple examples of speaking in many genres developed by demographically diverse students in natural settings will provide more realistic and complete views of schoolchildren’s increasing ability to use nominal expressions to construct and communicate meaning for academic objectives.
 Keywords: Aptitude, EFL, Higher Education, Speaking Skills

Using “Baudhayana Theorem” for a Novel Paramedian Approach of Spinal Anesthesia in Morbidly Obese Patients with Difficult Sonoanatomy: A Case Report and Narrative Review

Spinal anesthesia is traditionally performed using landmark technique to identify the level and point of needle insertion. However use of ultrasonography (USG) has emerged among anaesthesiologists to guide neuraxial blockade. The views that are of utmost importance are “transverse spinous view”, “transverse interspinous view” and “longitudinal parasagittal oblique view”. For in-plane technique and real time imaging longitudinal parasagittal oblique view is used while transverse views are used for visualizing spinous level, epidural and subarachnoid space, posterior complex (PC), anterior complex (AC) and depth of canal. In patients with deformed spine like kyphoscoliosis or morbid obesity obtaining optimum views is not possible. We discuss a morbidly obese patient with very poor ultrasonographic views of spine. We describe a novel technique to estimate depth of spinal canal using only bony shadows in a single transverse view.

Dental Students' Positive and Negative Views on Aging at an Undergraduate Course at the University of British Columbia, Canada.

Different views of aging exist, including ageism as the stereotyped idea about older adults in general. The objective of this study was to perform an initial exploration on how third-year undergraduate dental students at the University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, Canada self-perceived themselves at ages 65, 75, or 85 years old. For a period of 10 years, and using a cross-sectional design, third-year undergraduate dental students were asked to envision themselves at 65, 75, or 85 years old in a brief 150-word written essay. We employed a thematic analysis of the textual data via a coding process as suggested. The main themes were identified and displayed in a table with their respective categories of information. NVivo® 12 (QSR International) software was used for data analysis. Between 2010 and 2020, a total of 519 students enrolled in the UBC undergraduate dental program; 425 essays were collected. Initial coding and thematic analysis led to the identification of four main themes and eight categories; themes included "Ups and Downs," "Financial Sustainability," while categories focused on "Trade-offs," and "Camaraderie," for example. Different levels of ageism were also apparent when students saw themselves experiencing isolation and forgetfulness regardless of the selected age and the academic year. For other students, they anticipate aging would be healthy, joyful, and productive. Ageism was present when students imagined themselves at three different older ages, but so were more realistic views of an aging. Further studies are warranted to unravel the impact of geriatric education in tackling stereotypes and ageism.

An Online Dissemination Workflow for the Scientific Process in CH through Semantic 3D: EMtools and EMviq Open Source Tools

This article explores the use of open source 3D tools to improve the transformation of the archaeological record into a virtual reconstruction. The goal of the research was to improve the dissemination of complete reconstructive Extended Matrix (EM) datasets, organized by epochs, to allow a “time travel” experience, by means of the EMviq online service “metaphor”. This article presents an incremental version (ver. 1.3.1) of EMtools (add-on for Blender 3D) and a renewed version of EMviq. These two original open source (GPL3) tools have been developed, on one hand, to facilitate the process of semantic enrichment and source-based 3D modeling of cultural contexts (EMtools) and, on the other hand, to visually inspect data within immersive virtual reality viewers, online (WebXR), or via mobile devices (EMviq). An application case is shown to illustrate the entire work-flow from the archaeological stratigraphic reading to the representation of the virtual reconstruction of what a context must have looked like at a given time in antiquity.

Conflicting Student Viewpoints about Online EFL Learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic: Focus on Effective Learning and Well-being

Due to the total shutdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, worldwide countries regardless of their development shifted instruction to the online learning method. This study aims to investigate the views of students in undergraduate studies about the impact of online (EFL) English foreign language learning on educational issues and well-being. Through questionnaires and focus group discussions, participants revealed their real sensitivities and views about online EFL learning, thus both quantitative and qualitative research methods are implemented in the present study. Their experiences showed the advantages that supported their needs during a certain period such as the pandemic, but also the challenges they went through during that time. The study presents social and educational implications that are directly related to technology and environmental conditions during online learning that affected the well-being of students. Results showed that shifting to online classes uncovered contradictory preferences among students regarding online learning and teaching. Finally, this study provides an overview, that in case the implementation of online or hybrid learning is requested again in the future, the necessary preparations that meet the educational and social needs of the students should be taken into account.

Motivation, Opportunity and Risk-Taking Propensity Influence on LCIs’ Policy Formulation Ability and Engagement Behaviour: Extension of the MOA Model

Local Council Ones (LC1s) in Uganda are considered key in giving realistic and representative views for policy formulation following their continuous interaction with community members yet their engagement levels are still low. Low engagement in policy formulation could be attributed to limited research done in their context to know what could influence their engagement. This paper examined the role of motivation, opportunity, and risk-taking propensity in improving their ability and engagement behaviour. This study postulated that; motivation, opportunity and risk-taking propensity influence ability and engagement and the relationship between risk-taking propensity and engagement are moderated by gender. A quantitative research method was used to collect data from 185 LCIs in four cities and four districts in Uganda using a survey questionnaire. Validity and reliability of the study instrument was tested using SPSS while structural equation model for testing the formulated hypothesis was designed using SEM. Results reveal that; motivation, opportunity and risk-taking propensity influence ability. Ability, risk-taking propensity and motivation influence engagement while ability partially mediates the relationship between motivation, risk-taking propensity and engagement but fully mediates the relationship between opportunity and engagement. Gender does not moderate the relationship between risk-taking propensity and engagement. This study extended the Motivation, Opportunity, and Ability (MOA) model by adding risk-taking propensity which has a partial influence on engagement. The practical implication is that these findings can be used to improve LC1s’ engagement in policy formulation. Policy formulators should therefore put much emphasis on increasing LCIs’ motivation and risk-taking propensity by considering their views and formulating inclusive and representative policies.

Learning invariant and uniformly distributed feature space for multi-view generation

Multi-view generation from a given single view is a significant, yet challenging problem with broad applications in the field of virtual reality and robotics. Existing methods mainly utilize the basic GAN-based structure to help directly learn a mapping between two different views. Although they can produce plausible results, they still struggle to recover faithful details and fail to generalize to unseen data. In this paper, we propose to learn invariant and uniformly distributed representations for multi-view generation with an “Alignment” and a “Uniformity” constraint (AU-GAN). Our method is inspired by the idea of contrastive learning to learn a well-regulated feature space for multi-view generation. Specifically, our feature extractor is supposed to extract view-invariant representation that captures intrinsic and essential knowledge of the input, and distribute all representations evenly throughout the space to enable the network to “explore” the entire feature space, thus avoiding poor generative ability on unseen data. Extensive experiments on multi-view generation for both faces and objects demonstrate the generative capability of our proposed method on generating realistic and high-quality views, especially for unseen data in wild conditions.

Real time multi view image based FPC plant management with SS data security and low rate attack detection for efficient smart agriculture in WSN

The problem of smart agriculture has been well studied and the security in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) has been analyzed in detail. There are a number of approaches discussed in the literature to support the growth of agriculture by considering different factors. But still the performance of plant management is not up to the expected level in terms of plant management and security concern. To handle these issues, an efficient multi view image based plant management technique which consider color and contrast features to obtain the features of fluid, plant, climate to compute different supportive measures like Fluid Specific Growth Support (FSGS), Plant Specific Growth Support (PSGS) and Climate Specific Growth Support (CSGS) measures to compute the value of Plant Growth Measure (PGM) and Crop Yield Measure (CYM). Also, using the same support measures, the presence of diseased plants is identified and fertilizers are regulated accordingly. Similarly, the wireless sensor network has been used as monitoring environment which has several routes to monitor different locations of agriculture lands. The presences of different routes are monitored for the transmission of different agriculture data. To handle the security issues, a low rate attack detection scheme is presented which finds the routes and for each route the method computes Service centric Legitimate Support (SCLS) to find low rate attacks. Similarly, the data security by controlling different smart devices in agriculture lands is enforced by using service centric data encryption (SCDE) scheme which uses different encryption scheme and keys to encrypt the data being used for controlling the devices of agricultural lands. The proposed method improves the performance of smart agriculture and improves the data security with higher low rate detection accuracy.