Rank Correlation Test Research Articles

Determining Kidney Damage Risk Factors Associated with Urine Paraquat Levels and Biochemical Urine Profile of Farmers in Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan, Indonesia

Abstract Aim: Kidney damage from paraquat is influenced by several factors, including the duration of work, the span of exposure from the pesticide spraying, and the nutritional status of the farmers. This damage can be indicated by the high levels of paraquat and changes of the biochemical status in the urine. The present study aimed to analyze the relationship between the length of work, duration of spraying, and the nutritional status obtained from the measurement of body mass index (BMI) values, with the paraquat levels and biochemical status of the farmer’s urine samples. Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study and was conducted in September 2022 in North Landasan Ulin Village, Banjarbaru City, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. The length of work and spraying duration were obtained from the direct interviews, while the BMI values were calculated by dividing the body weight (kg) by the body’s height (m). Analysis of the paraquat levels in the urine was measured using a spectrophotometer, while the urine’s biochemical status was obtained using the dipstick colorimetric method. Statistical analysis used: the relationship between each variable is analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation test. Results: Results from the study show that the length of work, duration of spraying, and BMI were moderately associated with an increase in the urinary paraquat levels (correlation coefficient [Rs] 0.26–0.50) (P < 0.05); although the previous factors did not appear to correlate with any changes in the urine’s biochemical status. Conclusion: In summary, prolonged exposure to the spray in combination with the farmers’ long work hours, and also factoring in the abnormal BMI values, resulted in an increase of paraquat levels in the urine.

Correlation Analysis of Self-Concept and Interpersonal Communication Among Generation Z Nursing Students at Pre-Professional Nursing Practice

Background: Interaction between people is facilitated by communication. The self concept might take on a positive or negative form. Gen Z is unique among current generations. Not just for the social structure they have come up in, but also for their spending habits, which differ from other generations. Objective: to investigate the possible relationship between generation Z nursing students' interpersonal communication skills and their self concept. Methods: A cross-sectional approach to correlation analysis was used in the research technique. The instruments were questionnaires and observations. The research sample consisted of 70 seventh semester preprofessional nursing students from Banjarmasin, selected using a total sampling technique. The Spearmen Rank Correlation test was utilized in this investigation. Results: indicated that 95.7% of students exhibited a good self concept, whereas 78.6% of students had intermediate levels of interpersonal communication abilities. The statistical test results showed a significant link (p < 0.05) between nursing students' self concept and their interpersonal communication skills. Conclusion: Students have a positive self concept, but clinical practice experience and social media influence their interpersonal communication skills. Suggestion: It is necessary to develop a program to improve both the positive nursing student’s self concept and teaching learning methods suitable for Z generation nurses to their communication abilities.

Correlation between estrogen receptor and programmed death ligand-1 in type I endometrial cancer

ObjectiveTo determine the effect of estrogen receptor (ER) on programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in type I endometrial cancer (EC). Material and MethodsThis retrospective study included 85 patients with type I EC who underwent surgery at Dr. Soetomo Hospital between 2018 and 2022. A random sampling technique was employed. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) with ER and PD-L1 antibodies was performed on all samples. In this study, ER expression served as the independent variable, while PD-L1 expression was considered the dependent variable. Data analysis was performed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient test. ResultsOut of the 85 patients with type I EC, 58 (68.2%) exhibited positive and 27 (31.8%) exhibited negative ER expression. Meanwhile positive PD-L1 expression was seen in 67 (78.8%) and 18 (21.2%) exhibited negative PD-L1 expression. The study revealed a strong negative correlation between ER and PD-L1 expression in EC (rho value = −0.886, p-value = 0.0001). ConclusionER downregulates PD-L1 in type I EC. The findings of this study can be used as reference data and as the basis for further research, especially investigations of the prognostic and immunotherapeutic value of ER and PD-L1 expression in type I EC.

Effect of Infliximab on Chronic Progressive Neuro-Behçet's Disease: Influence of the Timing of Introduction on the Patient Outcome.

Objectives Chronic progressive neuro-Behcet's disease (CPNB) is characterized by progressive deterioration leading to disability. Methotrexate (MTX) has been shown to have beneficial effects on CPNB. However, while infliximab has been found to be effective for patients with inadequate responses to MTX, the appropriate timing for the introduction of infliximab remains unclear. We explored the effects of intervals before the introduction of infliximab on the functional outcome. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for patients with CPNB who received infliximab and were followed up until October 2015. Functional disability was rated by the Steinbrocker functional classification as used in rheumatoid arthritis. Correlations between the outcomes and intervals before the introduction of infliximab were then analyzed by Spearman's rank correlation test. Patients Eleven patients with CPNB [8 men, 3 women, age 35.2±9.3 years old (mean±standard deviation)] who met the international classification criteria for Behcet's disease were included. Results All 11 patients had received MTX prior to infliximab. The intervals from the onset to the introduction of infliximab and the follow-up periods were 26.6±35.1 months and 65.2±43.6 months [mean±standard deviation], respectively. Among the 11 patients, 2 still showed progression after the introduction of infliximab. The functional disability grades after infliximab treatment were significantly correlated with the intervals from the onset of CPNB to the introduction of infliximab (r=0.6177, p=0.0476). Conclusion The results indicate that the delayed introduction of infliximab leads to irreversible functional disability in CPNB. Thus, it is recommended that infliximab be administered as soon as possible for CPNB patients with inadequate responses to MTX.

Postpartum Depression and Inflammatory Biomarkers of Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio, and Monocyte-Lymphocyte Ratio: A Prospective Observational Study

Objectives: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a severe mental health disorder affecting a significant proportion of mothers, often undiagnosed and untreated, with potential long-term effects. While numerous studies have identified risk factors for PPD, the relationship between inflammatory markers and PPD remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the potential correlation between indirect inflammatory markers, specifically neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and the risk of developing PPD, assessed by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Design: This was a prospective observational study conducted in a second-level university hospital, from December 2019 to February 2021. Participants: A total of 211 full-term pregnant women were enrolled. Exclusion criteria included specific psychiatric diagnoses, such as severe intellectual disability, schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, bipolar or other unspecified psychotic spectrum disorders. Additionally, pregnancies affected by gestational and pregestational diabetes, chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia/eclampsia, intrauterine fetal growth restriction, preterm delivery, multiple pregnancies, and fetal abnormalities detected prenatally were excluded. Methods: Socio-demographic and clinical data were recorded. Blood samples for complete blood count were obtained at hospital admission, focusing on NLR, PLR, and MLR. Analyses were conducted in our laboratory using standard techniques. The postpartum PPD evaluation was conducted 3 days after delivery, with the EPDS Italian version. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, group comparisons using t tests or Wilcoxon rank-sum tests for continuous variables, and Pearson χ2 or Fisher’s exact tests for categorical variables. Correlation analyses employed Pearson correlation or Spearman’s rank correlation tests. Simple logistic regression models, adjusted for various baseline patient characteristics, explored the correlation between inflammatory markers (PLR, NLR, MLR) and postpartum depressive symptoms. Version 4.1.3 of RStudio statistical software was utilized. Results: Overall, 211 pregnant women enrolled were categorized into two groups based on the EPDS scores: <10 (176 patients) and ≥10 (35 patients). The two groups demonstrated homogeneity in different socio-demographic factors. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that PLR, NLR, and MLR were not significantly associated with these variables. The scatterplot of PLR, NLR, and MLR on EPDS was stratified for EPDS groups. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test applied to PLR, NLR, and MLR values and EPDS groups did not reveal a statistical relationship. Additional analyses were conducted using the estimated odds ratios of the logistic regression model on EPDS groups, considering both continuous and binary values of indirect inflammatory markers (PLR, NLR, MLR). The results indicated the absence of a statistical relationship. Limitations: Our evaluation was restricted to the postpartum period, and data for the first and second trimesters of pregnancy are lacking. Conclusions: Our findings did not evidence a correlation between indirect inflammatory markers (NLR, PLR, and MPL) and PPD. This novel finding prompts further evaluation of the role of indirect inflammatory markers in PPD, highlighting the need for additional research to clarify the complex relationship between inflammation and psychological health in the postpartum period.

Is varicocoelectomy indicated in infertile men with isolated teratozoospermia? a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Clinical palpable varicocoeles in conjunction with isolated teratozoospermia are rarely observed. Therefore, the effects of varicocoelectomy on sperm morphology are not clear. The aim of this meta-analysis is to compile studies that assess the effectiveness of varicocoelectomy in isolated teratozoospermia to reach a more consistent and reliable conclusion. The present meta-analysis was registered to PROSPERO (CRD42023467933). We utilized the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guideline to report the outcomes. Articles published before 1 October 2023 were included in the study. The search terms used were teratozoospermia, isolated teratozoospermia, varicocoelectomy for isolated teratozoospermia, and semen analysis after varicocoelectomy in isolated teratozoospermia. We identified 1,013 studies in full publications or abstracts using the methodology and the search terms. Five studies were included for systematic review, while four were included for meta-analysis. The five studies (10-14) included 348 patients aged 18-44 years. The pooled analysis revealed a significant improvement in sperm morphology in isolated teratozoospermia patients undergoing varicocoelectomy (Q=199.42, p<0.0001; I2 =98.49%). The pooled analysis revealed no significant improvement in sperm concentration in isolated teratozoospermia patients undergoing varicocoelectomy (Q=5.69, p=0.058; I2 =64.85%). Three of the examined studies provided information regarding pregnancy rate and it was high in all studies. According to the Newcastle-Ottowa scale (NOS) assessment, the total quality score of all studies was 7. The funnel plot test demonstrated a visible asymmetry, and Begg and Mazumdar's rank correlation test confirmed the publication bias (p=0.04). Varicocoelectomy can be an effective and reliable treatment option in patients with isolated morphology abnormalities and clinically palpable varicocoele. This meta-analysis reported that varicocoelectomy may increase pregnancy rates by improving semen parameters in infertile men with isolated teratozoospermia, although this conclusion requires further evidence.

Hubungan Penggunaan ChatGPT Dengan Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Mahasiswa

The rise in the phenomenon of using Artificial Intelligence such as ChatGPT and the very high trust of the Indonesian people in the development of Artificial Intelligence, especially the Gen Z generation group with Higher Education status (students), has given rise to debate in terms of the impact of its uses as a technology that helps the learning process. On the positive side, ChatGPT can provide personalized and interactive learning, while on the negative side, ChatGPT can provide incorrect and inaccurate information. Meanwhile, penetration of its uses can no longer be avoided because it is easy to access, so the good and bad sides will continue to be felt, especially for its users. Moreover, until now there is still very little research on how this technology can help fulfill the needs of students within the research campus, especially the most important need for them as someone who is pursuing higher education, namely the need for satisfying learning. Therefore, this research aims to explain the relationship between the uses of ChatGPT and the fulfillment of learning needs for students at the Faculty of Communication Sciences, Padjadjaran University with the help of the Uses and Gratification theory approach. The research method usesd is a quantitative method with a type of correlational study design using the Spearman Rank correlation test The results of this study show that there is a positive and significant relationship between the uses of ChatGPT and fulfilling the learning needs of students at the Faculty of Communication Sciences, Padjadjaran University with a correlation coefficient of 0.834. So, it can be concluded that the higher the uses of ChatGPT, the higher the fulfillment of students' learning needs, which means that frequent uses of ChatGPT can indicate that it is closely related to satisfying learning needs.

Hubungan Kualitas Tidur, Durasi, dan Posisi Penggunaan Smartphone dengan Kejadian Asthenopia pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Al-Azhar Angkatan 2022

Asthenopia or eye strain (eye strain) is a collection of symptoms related to vision, eye (ocular) and musculoskeletal problems. In Indonesia, as many as 60 million people suffer from eye problems, the number increasing by one million per year. This study aims to determine the relationship between sleep quality, duration and position of smartphone use with the incidence of asthenopia in students at the Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar Islamic University class of 2022. This research is a type of quantitative observational research using a cross sectional design. The sampling technique is total sampling. The research sample was 98 samples according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data obtained were analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation test The results of this study showed that there were 40 respondents who experienced asthenopia (40.8%), and 58 respondents who did not experience asthenopia (59.2%). Respondents who had good sleep quality were 52 people (53.1%), respondents who had poor sleep quality were 46 people (46.9%). Respondents who used smartphones for a duration of 3-8 hours in one day were 48 people (49.0%), respondents who used smartphones for a duration of &gt;8 hours in one day were 50 people (51.0%). Respondents who more often used smartphones in a sitting position were 58 people (52.9%), and respondents who more often used smartphones in a lying position were 40 people (40.8%). There is a relationship between sleep quality and the incidence of asthenopia with a p-value of 0.000 and a correlation coefficient of -0.800. There is a relationship between the duration of smartphone use and the incidence of asthenopia with a p-value of 0.000 and a correlation coefficient of 0.731. There is a relationship between the position of smartphone use and the incidence of asthenopia with a p-value of 0.000 and a correlation coefficient of 0.916. There is a significant relationship between sleep quality, duration and position of smartphone use and the incidence of asthenopia in students at the Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar Islamic University class of 2022.

Association of circulating tumor HPV16DNA levels and quantitative PET parameters in patients with HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), which circulates in the blood after being shed from cancer cells in the body, has recently gained attention as an excellent tumor marker. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether ct human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 DNA (ctHPV16DNA) levels were associated with quantitative PET parameters in patients with HPV-positive head and neck (HN) squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Fifty patients with oropharyngeal SCC (OPSCC) and 5 with SCC of unknown primary (SCCUP) before treatment were included. They all underwent blood sampling to test ctHPV16DNA levels and FDG PET-CT examinations. Quantitative PET parameters included SUVmax, metabolic tumor volume (MTV), MTV of whole-body lesions (wbMTV), and 56 texture features. ctHPV16DNA levels were compared to texture features of primary tumors in OPSCC patients (Group A) or the largest primary or metastatic lymph node lesions in OPSCC and SCCUP patients (Group B) and to other PET parameters. Spearman rank correlation test and multiple regression analysis were used to confirm the associations between ctHPV16DNA levels and PET parameters. ctHPV16DNA levels moderately correlated with wbMTV, but not with SUVmax or MTV in Groups A and B. ctHPV16DNA levels exhibited a weak negative correlation with low gray-level zone emphasis in Groups A and B. Multiple regression analysis revealed that wbMTV and high gray-level zone emphasis were the significant factors for ctHPV16DNA levels in Group B. These results were not observed in Group A. This study demonstrated that ctHPV16DNA levels correlated with the whole-body tumor burden and tumor heterogeneity visualized on FDG PET-CT in patients with HPV-positive HNSCC.

Association of urinary and seminal plasma vanadium concentrations with semen quality: A repeated-measures study of 1135 healthy men

Although animal studies have shown the reproductive toxicity of vanadium, less is known about its effects on semen quality in humans. Among 1135 healthy men who were screened as potential semen donors, we investigated the relationships of semen quality with urinary and seminal plasma vanadium levels via inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Spearman rank correlation tests and linear regression models were used to assess the correlations between average urinary and within-individual pooled seminal plasma vanadium concentrations (n = 1135). We utilized linear mixed-effects models to evaluate the associations of urinary and seminal plasma vanadium levels (n = 1135) with repeated sperm quality parameters (n = 5576). Seminal plasma vanadium concentrations were not significantly correlated with urinary vanadium concentrations (r = 0.03). After adjusting for possible confounders, we observed inverse relationships of within-individual pooled seminal plasma vanadium levels with total count, semen volume, and sperm concentration (all P values for trend < 0.05). Specifically, subjects in the highest (vs. lowest) tertile of seminal plasma vanadium concentrations had − 11.3% (−16.4%, −5.9%), − 11.1% (−19.1%, −2.4%), and − 20.9% (−29.0%, −11.8%) lower sperm volume, concentration, and total count, respectively; moreover, urinary vanadium levels appeared to be negatively associated with sperm motility. These relationships showed monotonically decreasing dose-response patterns in the restricted cubic spline analyses. Our results demonstrated a poor correlation between urinary and seminal plasma levels of vanadium, and elevated vanadium concentrations in urine and seminal plasma may be adversely related to male semen quality.

HUBUNGAN KEPUASAN KOMPENSASI, MOTIVASI KERJA, DAN KINERJA PERAWAT DI RS AKADEMIK UGM

Background: Nurses are the largest human resource that has a big impact on the quality of health services to patients. Good nurse performance will result in good quality health services as well. Employee performance will increase if employees are satisfied with the compesation they receive and have high work motivation. UGM Academic Hospital began implementing a remuneration system in October 2021, but there are still pros and cons to its implementation. After the remuneration system was implemented, there was no significant improvement in nurse’s performance. Various problems that occur in terms of employment status and work environment can also affect nurse’s work motivation.&#x0D; Objective: To measure the relationship between remuneration system satisfaction, work motivation and nurse performance at UGM Academic Hospital.&#x0D; Method: Case study research with an explanatory design. Quantitative data was obtained from the results of filling out questionnaires and documentation studies. Qualitative data was obtained from in-depth interviews with representatives of nurses, other professions (doctors), representatives of room heads, heads of nursing, HR directors, and the remuneration team.&#x0D; Results: The level of work motivation of UGM Academic Hospital nurses was classified as medium and tended to be high, as many as 86.5% were in the medium category, while the other 13.5% were in the high category. The level of compensation satisfaction classified as medium tends to be low, as much as 60.1% is in the medium category, while the other 39.9% is in the low category. The results of the Spearman's Rank Correlation test on work motivation and performance show a p-value of 0.814 with a correlation coefficient of 0.018, while test on compensation satisfaction and performance show a p-value of 0.484 with a correlation coefficient of 0.053.&#x0D; Conclusion: There is no relationship between work motivation and compensation satisfaction on the performance of UGM Academic Hospital nurses.

The Relationship of Online Game Addiction with Aggressive Behavior for Teenagers at SMP Negeri 3 Banyumas

There is a lot of verbal and physical aggression in online games today. Playing games with a high level of violence can lead to an increase in hostile attitudes and actions. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between online game addiction and the aggressive behavior of grade VIII students at SMP Negeri 3 Banyumas. This study is a correlational study using a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study consisted of 92 grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 3 Banyumas who played online games. A sample of 75 respondents was taken using a simple random sampling technique. The questionnaire was used as a data collector and analyzed with the Spearman rank correlation test. The results showed that most online game addicts were in the mild category (80%), most showed moderate aggressive behavior (62.7%), and there was a strong relationship between online game addiction and aggressive behavior class VIII SMP Negeri 3 Banyumas with a p-value of 0.000 (p-value &lt;0.05; r = 0.579). This indicates that online game addiction can affect a person's aggressive behavior, the higher the level of online game addiction, the more aggressive behavior it leads. This research is expected to be a reference for pediatric nursing.

Clinical value of serum complement component 1q levels in the prognostic analysis of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a prospective cohort study.

To analyze the relationship between serum complement component 1q (C1q) levels and functional prognosis in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), and to reveal its clinical value. In this prospective cohort study, we collected clinical data of aSAH patients admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery, Hangzhou First People's Hospital from January 2020 to October 2022. Parameters such as serum C1q levels, Hunt-Hess grade, modified Fisher grade, and the modified Rankin scale (mRS) at 3 months were included for evaluation. Patients were grouped based on the occurrence of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). Spearman rank correlation test and Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test were used to analyze the correlation between serum C1q levels, disease severity, and prognosis. Potential risk factors affecting prognosis and the occurrence of DCI were screened through Independent sample t-test or Mann-Whitney U test. Variables with significant differences (p < 0.05) were incorporated into a logistic regression model to identify independent risk factors affecting prognosis and DCI occurrence. Serum C1q levels were plotted as a ROC curve for predicting prognosis and DCI, and the area under the curve was calculated. A total of 107 aSAH patients were analyzed. Serum C1q levels positively correlated with Hunt-Hess grade, modified Fisher grade and mRS (all p < 0.001). Significant differences were observed in C1q levels among different Hunt-Hess grade, mFisher grade and mRS (all p < 0.001). Notably, higher serum C1q levels were seen in the poor prognosis group and DCI group, and correlated with worse prognosis (OR = 36.927, 95%CI 2.003-680.711, p = 0.015), and an increased risk for DCI (OR = 17.334, 95%CI 1.161-258.859, p = 0.039). ROC analysis revealed the significant discriminative power of serum C1q levels for poor prognosis (AUC 0.781; 95%CI 0.673-0.888; p < 0.001) and DCI occurrence (AUC 0.763; 95%CI 0.637-0.888; p < 0.001). Higher C1q levels independently predicted a poor prognosis and DCI with equivalent predictive abilities to Hunt-Hess grade and modified Fisher grade (both p < 0.05). High levels of C1q in the blood is an independent risk factor for poor prognosis and the development of DCI in patients with aSAH. This can more objectively and accurately predict functional outcomes and the incidence of DCI. C1q may have a significant role in the mechanism behind DCI after aSAH.

PENGARUH MUTU PELAYANAN KESEHATAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN PASIEN RAWAT INAP DI RSUD KESEHATAN KERJA

This study aims to determine the influence of the quality of health services on the satisfaction of inpatients at the Occupational Health Hospital of West Java Province. The research method used is a quantitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques include distributing questionnaires and conducting literature studies. The total population is 2.500 patients per month. The sampling technique uses random sampling with a total sample size of 50 people. The data analysis techniques used are validity tests, reliability tests, and Spearman rank correlation tests. The research results show that the Spearman rank correlation coefficient value is 0.65 in the interval 0.6–0.799, which is categorized as strong. So, it can be concluded that the quality of health services has a strong influence on the satisfaction of inpatients at the West Java Province Occupational Health Hospital.

The Relationship between Anxiety and The Behaviour of Parents in Bringing Their Children to be Immunized During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic causes fear and concern for parents to be infected with Covid-19 if they come to the Posyandu or health care facilities for immunization. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between anxiety and the behavior of parents in bringing their children immunized during the Covid-19 pandemic in the work area of Puskesmas III Denpasar Selatan. Methods: This study was a descriptive correlational study with a cross sectional approach. The sampling technique was used non-probability sampling with purposive sampling technique. The sample used 71 parents which have babies and toddlers with the age of 0-24 months. The data were collected in the work area of Puskesmas III Denpasar Selatan for one month from March to April 2022. The research instruments used were the Covid-19 Pandemic Anxiety Questionnaire and the Immunization Behavior Questionnaire During the Covid-19 Pandemic. Results: Spearman rank correlation test result showed that there was a significant relationship between anxiety and the behavior of parents in bringing their children immunized during the Covid-19 pandemic in the work area of Puskesmas III Denpasar Selatan (p value = 0.000; r = -0.858). Conclusion: Health workers are expected to be able to provide information to parents who have babies and toddlers about the importance of bringing their children immunized during the Covid-19 pandemic.

The Relationship between Nurses' Knowledge about Emergencies and Code Blue Activation Decisions

Introduction: Code Blue is a hospital system created to overcome the high death rate due to respiratory arrest and cardiac arrest in hospitals. It involves all hospital components, including medical personnel, communication systems, transportation and facilities, and infrastructure. The initial principle of handling cardiac arrest is how nurses can recognize early signs of emergency so that the decision to activate code blue can be made. Knowledge about emergencies is a basic component that nurses must have in making blue activation code decisions. However, in its application, caring for cardiac arrest sufferers carried out by nurses is often still not appropriate.&#x0D; Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between nurses' knowledge of emergencies and the decision to activate code blue.&#x0D; Methods: This research is a quantitative research with an analytical survey method using cross-sectional research. In this study, the non-parametric Spearman rank correlation test was carried out at the. Sampling used total sampling technique and obtained 70 respondents.&#x0D; Results: There is a relationship between nurses' knowledge about emergencies and the decision to activate code blue at with a significant value of p= 0,000 (p &lt; α 0.05), r = 0.601.&#x0D; Conclusion: There is a relationship between nurses' knowledge about emergencies and the decision to activate code blue. Training resuscitation skills and increasing nurses' knowledge through regular training, workshops, or code blue simulations are recommended, especially for patient care units that rarely activate code blue.

Are TNF-α and IL-1β Independently Associated with Depression in Axial Spondyloarthritis Patients? A Case-Control Study

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether serum TNF-α and IL-1β levels are independent risk factors for depression in axSpA patients. Methods: All axSpA patients with BASDAI ≥4 were invited consecutively between March 2021 and August 2021 to participate. Depression was evaluated with the WHO-5 Well-Being scale. Disease activity was assessed using BASDAI (0–10), ASDAS-CRP (0.61–7.22), ASDAS-ESR (0.29–7.61), and health status by ASAS-HI (0–17). Serum TNF-α and IL-1β levels were measured by ELISA. An association between depression and cytokine levels was investigated with Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient test. Results: A total of 252 axSpA patients (155 men) could be included; of these, 123 (48.81%) were depressed, and of these, 75 were male. Serum TNF-α and IL-1β were not significantly associated with depression (r −0.041 and 0.110, respectively). Serum TNF-α levels were higher in depressed female axSpA patients (20.05 vs. 17.87; p = 0.03). Differences between depressed and non-depressed patients were respectively: TNF-α (19.7 vs.18.0; p= 0.84), IL-1β (32.3 vs. 21.2; p= 0.04), BASDAI (5.47 vs. 4.77; p = 0.000), ASDAS-CRP (4.17 vs. 3.78; p = 0.000), ASDAS-ESR (3.86 vs. 3.39; p = 0.000), CRP (48.43 vs. 37.93 mg/L; p = 0.000), and ASAS-HI (13.37 vs. 10.24; p = 0.000). Factors associated with depression were: peripheral joint involvement (OR = 1.073, 95% CI 1.012–1.138), BASDAI (OR = 1.534, 95% CI 1.011–2.335), and ASAS-HI (OR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.239–1.557). Only in depressed patients with peripheral SPA were higher IL-1β levels found, though the differences were probably not clinically relevant. Conclusions: Serum TNF-α and IL-1β were not independently related to depression in axSpA patients. Disease activity, peripheral joint involvement, and reduced health status showed the highest association with depression.

Food diversification and household food security in urban and rural areas in Musi Rawas Raya Indonesia

This research was conducted with the aim of Analyze the relationship between diversification of local staple foods and imported staple foods with household food security in urban and rural areas in Musi Rawas Raya. The study was conducted in February-April 2023 in Musi Rawas Raya. The data collection method used was in the form of primary data and secondary data using food consumption questionnaires for each household. We also analyze through combination of eating frequency methods, disability of food quantities and food balance sheets. The data processing methods used include recording methods, statistical tests, multiple linear regression analysis, and spearman rank correlation tests. The results of this study are:1) the pattern of food consumption in rural communities is more diverse than urban communities at various income levels. Rural and urban communities in Musi Rawas Raya based on income groups consume more rice, noodles, yams, wheat flour, tapioca flour and potatoes.;2) The relationship between diversification of local staple foods and imported staple foods with household food security has no significant relationship. That’s position in a weak level of strength and show the negative sign, which is at -0.047, while the sign of the relationship for imported food is positive at 0.049.

Hubungan Kebiasaan Sarapan dan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Status Gizi Remaja di SMP Negeri 6 Kupang

Nutritional status is a condition or measure of a person's body condition caused by a balance between intake of nutrients from food and nutritional needs. Adolescents are one of the groups at risk for nutritional problems. Nutritional problems in adolescents can be caused by food intake, physical activity, economy, social, and culture. This research was conducted at SMP Negeri 6 Kupang, Alak Sub-district, Kupang City. This research was purposed to analyze the correlation between breakfast habits and physical activity with the nutritional status of adolescents at SMP Negeri 6 Kupang (state junior high school). This research is a correlational analysis and the design approach is a cross-sectional study, with a sample of 100 students which consist of students in grades VII, VIII and IX. The instruments used in this research were nutritional status measurement sheet, breakfast habit questionnaire, PAL (Physical Activity Level), and antropometric measurement (body weight and height). The results of research using the Spearman's Rank Correlation Test show that there is a significant relationship between breakfast habits (p = 0.000 &lt; 0.05) and nutritional status of adolescents and has a level correlation coefficient of 0.594 or sufficient. Meanwhile, there is no significant relationship between physical activity and nutritional status (p=0.940 &gt; 0.05) and has a correlation coefficient of -0.008 or very weak. In conclusion, that breakfast habits are related to the nutritional status of adolescents, where as physical activity is not related to nutritional status of adolescents.

Serum Vitamin D Levels, Visual Analog Scale Dysmenorrhea Score, and Endometriosis ASRM Classification: a Relationship Study

Objective: To assess the correlation between vitamin D levels, dysmenorrhea intensity measured by the visual analogue scale (VAS), and the stage of endometriosis determined by the American Society of Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) grading score.&#x0D; Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 37 women diagnosed with suspected endometriosis who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The aim was to determine the correlation between vitamin D levels, dysmenorrhea VAS scores, and the ASRM endometriosis stage at RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang from November 2021 to April 2022. Bivariate analysis was employed to assess correlation, utilizing Pearson's correlation test and the Spearman Rank correlation test as an alternative method.&#x0D; Results: There was a significant positive correlation between vitamin D levels and the VAS score for dysmenorrhea (r = 0.678; p = 0.000) and a very strong positive correlation between vitamin D levels and the degree of endometriosis (r = 0.774; p = 0.000) based on Spearman Rho's correlation test.&#x0D; Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between vitamin D levels with the VAS score of dysmenorrhea and the degree of endometriosis ASRM.&#x0D; Keywords: american society of reproductive medicine, endometriosis, visual analogue scale, vitamin D