Random Method Research Articles

Comprehensive Assessment of the Health Risk of Cadmium Exposure from Soil-wheat System in Wheat Fields in Northern China

Accurately assessing the health risks of cadmium （Cd） exposure in the soil-wheat system is of great importance for the formulation of regional health risk prevention measures. Based on regional large-scale survey and Monte Carlo simulation methods, a case study on the health risk of Cd exposure in a soil-wheat system in a wheat production area of North China Plain was conducted by constructing a comprehensive health risk assessment （CHRA） model. The results showed that 73% of the soil samples in the study area exceeded the screening value of Cd for farmland soil （GB 15618-2018） and 57.8% of the wheat samples exceeded the national standard （GB 2762-2017） for Cd. The hand-mouth ingestion pathway was the main route of soil Cd exposure for adults and children in the region, and under this pathway, 34.7% of adults and 57.4% of children had a cancer risk higher than the safe threshold recommended by USEPA （1E-06）. The comprehensive non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of cadmium exposure from the soil-wheat system in the region were higher than the safe domain values for both adults and children, with the probabilities of 26.4% and 100% for adults and 62.5% and 100% for children, respectively. The overall trends of the comprehensive risks showed that children had higher risks than those of adults. The combined application of the comprehensive health risk assessment model and the uncertainty random simulation method helps to improve the accuracy of risk decision-making.

Accelerating virtual patient generation with a Bayesian optimization and machine learning surrogate model.

The pharmaceutical industry has increasingly adopted model-informed drug discovery and development (MID3) to enhance productivity in drug discovery and development. Quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP), which integrates drug action mechanisms and disease complexities to predict clinical endpoints and biomarkers is central to MID3. QSP modeling has proven successful in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases and has expanded into oncology, immunotherapy, and infectious diseases. Despite its benefits, QSP model validation through clinical trial simulations using virtual patients (VPs) is challenging because of parameter variability and high computational costs. To address these challenges, this study proposes a hybrid method that combines Bayesian optimization with machine learning for efficient parameter screening. Our approach achieved an acceptance rate of 27.5% in QSP simulations, which is in sharp contrast with the 2.5% rate of conventional random search methods, indicating more than 10-fold improvement in efficiency. By facilitating faster and more diverse VPs generation, this method promises to advance clinical trial simulations and accelerate drug development in pharmaceutical research.

Site-Specific Immobilization Boosts the Performance of a Galectin-1 Biosensor.

The analysis of protein-bound glycans has gained significant attention due to their pivotal roles in physiological and pathological processes like cell-cell recognition, immune response, and disease progression. Routine methods for glycan analysis are challenged by the very similar physicochemical properties of their carbohydrate components. As an alternative, lectins, which are proteins that specifically bind to glycans, have been integrated into biosensors for glycan detection. However, the effectiveness of protein-based biosensors depends heavily on the immobilization of proteins on the sensor surface. To enhance the sensitivity and/or selectivity of lectin biosensors, it is crucial to immobilize the lectin in an optimal orientation for ligand binding without compromising its function. Random immobilization methods often result in arbitrary orientation and reduced sensitivity. To address this, we explored a directed immobilization strategy relying on a reactive noncanonical amino acid (ncAA) and bioorthogonal chemistry. In this study, we site-specifically incorporated the reactive noncanonical lysine derivative, Nε-((2-azidoethoxy)carbonyl)-l-lysine, into a cysteine-less single-chain variant of human galectin-1 (scCSGal-1). The reactive bioorthogonal azide group allowed the directed immobilization of the lectin on a biosensor surface using strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition. Biolayer interferometry data demonstrated that the controlled, directed attachment of scCSGal-1 to the biosensor surface enhanced the binding sensitivity to glycosylated von Willebrand factor by about 12-fold compared to random immobilization. These findings emphasize the importance of controlled protein orientation in biosensor design. They also highlight the power of single site-specific genetic encoding of reactive ncAAs and bioorthogonal chemistry to improve the performance of lectin-based diagnostic tools.

Exploring Causal Associations Between Serum Inflammatory Markers and Female Reproductive Disorders: A Mendelian Randomisation Study

Although inflammation may disrupt immunoendocrine crosstalk essential for female reproductive function, causal links to disorders like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and endometriosis remain unestablished. This study aimed to utilise Mendelian randomisation (MR) methods to explore causal associations between serum inflammatory markers and common reproductive disorders, aiming to identify novel mechanisms and potential avenues for treatment. Total causal effects of serum inflammatory markers (interleukins, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, etc.) on female reproductive disorders in large sample cohorts of Finnish ancestry were assessed using univariable two-sample MR methods, including the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method as the primary analysis, with relevant quality assessments (e.g., leave-one out, heterogeneity, and horizontal pleiotropy testing). The main outcome measures were PCOS (642 cases and 118,228 controls) and endometriosis (8288 cases and 68,969 controls) from the FINNGEN cohort. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/C-C motif chemokine ligand demonstrated a positive causal association with polycystic ovary syndrome (odds ratio [95% CI]: 1.48 [1.10, 2.00], p = 0.0097), while higher interleukin-9 levels were positively associated with endometriosis (1.15 [1.02, 1.30], p = 0.0277), both via the IVW method. These markers should be investigated as key candidates for future research into the mechanistic pathways underpinning these conditions.

Transcriptome Reveals Molecular Mechanisms of Neuroendocrine Regulation of Allometric Growth in the Red Swamp Crayfish Procambarus clarkii.

Allometric growth is a typical characteristic of crustaceans, which mainly occurs among individuals, life stages, tissues, and between sexes. The red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii is an economically important crustacean species in the world. To date, the molecular regulatory mechanisms of neuroendocrine system in the allometric growth of P. clarkii remain unclear. In this study, P. clarkii exhibiting significant allometric growth among individuals were sampled from three full-sibling families. The brain, eyestalk, nerve cord, and Y-organ were dissected for transcriptome analysis. Key functional genes were identified by random forest and DESeq2 methods. The gene pathways were enriched utilizing Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. Gene topological analysis was established through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and hub genes were screened by protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. Transcriptomic analysis results were validated via qRT-PCR. RNA-Seq identified 31 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (7 up- and 24 downregulated); 301 DEGs (23 up- and 278 downregulated); 1308 DEGs (474 up- and 834 downregulated); and 64 DEGs (52 up- and 12 downregulated) in the brain, eyestalk, Y-organ, and nerve cord, respectively. Crucial functional genes such as CHIA in the brain and perlucin-like in the eyestalk were notably identified. WGCNA revealed two hub modules, while PPI networks identified neuroendocrine regulators module which hub genes mainly including CP1876-like and cuticle protein AM1199-like, and structural components module which hub genes mainly including CUB& CCP Domain-Containing Protein, ARRDC, and E3 Ubiquitin protein ligase MCYCBP2-like. Correspondingly, the significant gene pathways such as amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism (pcla00520) and insect hormone biosynthesis (pcla00981) were enriched. The results revealed the complex interactions and regulatory relationships of hub genes within hub modules to coordinate molting and growth. The results of RNA-Seq analysis were validated by the consistency of gene expression in qRT-PCR. In present study, key functional genes in the neuroendocrine system regulating allometric growth among individuals were identified, and significant pathways mainly include hormone synthesis were screened, thus constructing a neuroendocrine molecular regulatory network for the allometric growth of P. clarkii. Building on these investigations, a comprehensive mechanism whereby neuroendocrine regulators interact with structural components to coordinate molting and growth was proposed. The result would provide valuable insights into the molecular regulatory mechanisms of allometric growth, highlighting the interplay between the neuroendocrine system and relevant tissues.

Abdominal fat accumulation increases the risk of high blood pressure: evidence of 47,037 participants from Chinese and US national population surveys

AimsThis study aims to ascertain whether abdominal fat accumulation evaluated by waist circumference increases the risk of hypertension using the nationwide population.MethodsWe enrolled 47,037 participants from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), and National Health, and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The adjusted logistic regression model was used to examine the relationship between waist circumference and prevalent hypertension. 9445 participants without baseline hypertension from the CHNS and CHARLS were followed up to investigate the association between waist circumference and onset hypertension. The association was evaluated using a Cox regression model and restricted cubic spline. Furthermore, Mendelian randomization was employed to explore causal inferences.ResultsIn the baseline survey, waist circumference demonstrated a notable correlation with hypertension, presenting an odds ratio (with 95% confidence intervals) of 1.34 (1.28 ~ 1.40). After a mean follow-up of 3.8 years for participants without baseline hypertension, 2,592 (27.5%) developed hypertension. In the pooled analysis, the Cox regression showed that every 10 cm increase in waist circumference was associated with 20% (95% CI: 13% ~ 27%) elevated risk of new-onset hypertension. Restricted cubic splines indicated a pronounced linear dose–response relationship. A subgroup analysis affirmed the persisting association between waist circumference and hypertension onset even in those with normal BMI. The Mendelian randomization method revealed a significant causative association between waist circumference and hypertension.ConclusionElevated waist circumference stands as an independent risk factor for hypertension, even in those with normal BMI. Our results provide evidence supporting the routine measure for waist circumference.

Oscillatory responses of a spatially random seabed in the vicinity of structures: Validation and application of the integrated CFD-SFEM

A comprehensive examination of the wave-induced oscillatory response of seabeds around structures is of great significance for ensuring the safe operation of marine engineering projects and enhancing the efficiency of marine resource development. Soil properties in nature exhibit spatial variability due to various geological processes, which should be considered in seabed stability analysis. An integrated CFD-SFEM is proposed for spatially heterogeneous seabeds, incorporating multi-physical solvers for nonlinear wave motion and poroelastic seabed response within a unified framework through a one-way coupling procedure. The wave sub-model for nonlinear fluid flow is based on RANS equations, with an internal wave-maker and absorbing layers realized by employing a momentum source function and damping source terms. The spatially heterogeneous seabed sub-model is based on Biot’s poroelastic theory and the random field method. We have implemented the integrated model and automated the iterative algorithm for MCS using MATLAB codes, assisted by the LiveLink platform. The proposed method has been validated from various perspectives and applied to a study of soil response around a partially buried pipeline to demonstrate its practical utility. This study offers a novel framework and perspective for the probabilistic evaluation of oscillatory responses in spatially varied seabeds surrounding structures.

The impact of tea consumption on the risk of depression: A Mendelian randomization and Bayesian weighting algorithm study.

The precise impact of tea consumption on the risk of depression remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the relationship between the consumption patterns of tea and the likelihood of depression onset, utilizing a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) methodology. We utilized available genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets on tea intake and depressive disorders. To investigate the causal relationship between tea consumption and depression, we employed a set of two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) methods. These included the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) analysis, weighted median approach, and MR-Egger regression. Additionally, we utilized MR-PRESSO and the MR-Egger intercept test for the detection of pleiotropic effects. To ensure the robustness and consistency of our findings, a sensitivity analysis was carried out, applying the 'leave-one-out' strategy. The Bayesian weighted Mendelian randomization (BWMR) was employed to conduct additional testing on the obtained results. The study's outcomes revealed a causal association between increased tea intake and an increased risk of depression (Inverse-Variance Weighted Analysis: Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.029, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.003-1.055, p = 0.027). This was observed despite variations in instrumental variables and the nonexistence of horizontal pleiotropy. Furthermore, the robustness of our Mendelian Randomization investigation was affirmed through the implementation of the 'leave-one-out' method in our sensitivity analysis. The findings from BWMR were in line with those obtained from IVW (BWMR: OR=1.030, 95% CI: 1.003-1.057, p = 0.029). The results from this study indicate a substantial and positive causal link between the regularity of tea drinking and the risk of depression onset.

The role of telomere shortening in ambient ozone exposure-related insulin resistance

BackgroundOzone (O3) exposure and telomere shortening are associated with insulin resistance (IR). However, the role of telomere shortening in ambient O3 exposure-related IR is largely unclear. MethodsThe Henan Rural Cohort recruited participants and performed a random forest method to estimate residential O3 concentration. IR was reflected by homeostasis model assessment-IR, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, triglyceride and glucose index, etc. Generalized linear model, quantile regression model, and mediation effects analysis were utilized to assess the associations of O3 exposure and relative telomere length (RTL) with longitudinal IR markers and their change rates. Furthermore, the role of telomere homeostasis in O3-exposure-induced IR in vivo and in vitro experiments was verified. ResultsO3 exposure was positively associated with longitudinal IR. The proportions of RTL mediated associations between O3 exposure and longitudinal IR markers ranged from 11.92% to 60.36%. O3-exposed mice exhibited a higher glucose load, upregulation of GSK-3β and G-6-Pase expression at mRNA levels, glycogen accumulation reduction, telomere shortening, and decreased telomerase reverse transcriptase activity relative to air-exposed mice. In vitro experiments reveal that overexpression of TERT in HepG2 cells up-regulated G-6-Pase mRNA expression level. ConclusionsImpaired telomere homeostasis may be involved in O3 exposure-related IR via inhibition of glycogen synthesis and acceleration of gluconeogenesis and the specific mechanisms are still further elucidated.

Development of location suitability prediction for health facilities using random forest machine learning in 2030 integrating remote sensing and GIS in West Java, Indonesia

Access to healthcare facilities is crucial in the present day. Healthcare facilities must be proportional to the population in a given area. Therefore, it is important to increase the number of healthcare facilities in regions where there is an imbalance. Proper planning and a sustainability review are necessary when determining locations for healthcare facilities. Environmental changes can affect the suitability of a location in the future. Thus, planning that can predict future suitability conditions is required to ensure that the built locations have high sustainability. This study predicts the suitability of healthcare facility locations in 2030 in West Java using remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS). Both static and dynamic data processed at 30×30 meter intervals across West Java will be used. Geospatial and remote sensing data are utilized in the study. Dynamic parameter extrapolation uses data from 2000 to 2018. The random forest machine learning method is employed to obtain the suitability values for healthcare facility locations using existing health facility training data in West Java. The results show changes in the suitability classes of healthcare facilities in each region from 2018 to 2030, with some areas experiencing an increase or decrease in class. This research highlights consistently suitable locations, ensuring their sustainability as healthcare facility sites.

Non-absorbable surgical sutures versus autologous tendons in the reconstruction of medial patellofemoral ligaments: a randomised controlled trial protocol

IntroductionArthroscopic-assisted medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLR) is a common surgical procedure for patellar dislocation. We present the protocol of a randomised controlled clinical trial to compare postoperative pain, knee function...

Genetic Association of Chronic Pains and Analgesics With Telomere Length: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the causal relationships between chronic pains (back pain, facial pain, general pain, headaches, knee pain, hip pain, neck/shoulder pain, stomach/abdominal pain) and analgesics (codeine, diclofenac, ibuprofen, morphine, paracetamol, tramadol) with telomere length using Mendelian randomization methods. Methods: In the study, various statistical methods including inverse variance weighted (IVW), Mendelian Randomization-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode were used to investigate the relationships between chronic pains, analgesics, and telomere length. Heterogeneity and pleiotropy tests were conducted to ensure the accuracy of the results. Results: The results of the IVW analysis revealed positive causal relationships between hip pain (odds ratio (OR): 1.145; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.021–1.285; p = .020), and stomach/abdominal pain (OR: 1.100; 95% CI: 1.008–1.200; p = 0.033) with telomere length. Use of tramadol (OR: 0.074; 95% CI: 0.009–0.605; p = 0.015) had a negative causal relationships with telomere length. Conclusion: This study found positive associations between hip pain and stomach/abdominal pain with telomere length, and a negative association between tramadol and telomere length. However, no significant causal relationships were found with other types of chronic pains and analgesics. This could help develop healthier chronic pain treatments, avoiding the abuse of analgesics.

Analysing inflammatory responses after mandibular third molar extraction: a comparison of suture-less and multiple suture techniques.

This study aims to compare the outcomes of suture-less and multiple suture closure methods on postoperative pain, swelling, and trismus, and associated complications. This prospective, randomized clinical trial was conducted at the Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Goa Dental College & Hospital. Inclusion criteria encompassed subjects aged between 17 and 55 years, classified as American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) I, with asymptomatic impacted third molars falling within the moderately difficult impaction range (Pederson's difficulty index: 5-7). Study excluded individuals classified as ASA II, III, or IV, those with known or suspected allergies to the anaesthetic solution, immunocompromised patients, and individuals taking medications that could affect healing. Pregnant or lactating females and those with a history of bleeding disorders were also excluded. Wound closure methods were compared: Group A underwent primary closure with silk sutures, while Group B had suture-less closure. Subjects were allocated to the specific groups using a simple randomization method. This involved using a lottery-based random sequence to assign each participant to either Group A or Group B. Pain intensity, facial swelling, and trismus were key outcomes. Secondary outcomes included lingual nerve sensation and postoperative complications. Demographics factors, surgical details, radiographic and perioperative data, and physiological parameters were considered. Non-parametric tests and parametric test (repeated measure ANOVA) were employed. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Among 101 participants, both closure techniques exhibited similar outcomes in pain, swelling, and lingual nerve function. However, suture-less closure resulted in significantly less trismus and fewer cases of delayed wound healing. Suture-less method after surgical removal of third molar may reduce trismus compared to multiple sutures. While pain, swelling, and lingual nerve function management were comparable.

Advanced modelling and optimization of steam methane reforming: From CFD simulation to machine learning - Driven optimization

Computational fluid dynamics simulations were utilized to investigate the steam methane reforming process with the aim to improve its efficiency. Key parameters examined for their impact on process performance included surface heat flux (73–108 kW/m2), tube length (1–16 m), steam-to-carbon ratio (1.4–4), and flow rate (0.22–0.38 kg/s). To analyze the simultaneous effects of these variables while reducing computational costs, Deep Neural Networks (DNN) were employed. An optimized DNN was designed to achieve acceptable performance, featuring an input layer with four neurons that represent reformer length, flow rate, heat flux, and steam-to-carbon ratio. The network includes four hidden layers with 32, 16, 8, and 8 neurons respectively, and concludes with an output layer comprising seven neurons for residual methane, water vapor, produced hydrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, wall temperature, and gas outlet temperature. The results indicated that the proposed model achieved high accuracy, exceeding 99%, in predicting both training and test data. Following the DNN modeling, an optimization algorithm based on the random search method was developed. This algorithm searches a wide range of parameters to identify the optimal conditions for simultaneously maximizing hydrogen production and minimizing reformer length.

Instant Organoleptic Test of Kencur Rice with Various Types of Sugar as Sweeteners

The study aimed to determine the level of preference of the panelists in the instant organoleptic test of kencur rice with various kinds of sugar as sweeteners. The research was carried out in June – July 2023 at the Production Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya. The one-factor Complete Random Design Research Method (RAL) consists of 3 treatments of sugar sources (G) as sweeteners, namely G1 = sugar sweetener; G2 = brown sugar sweetener; G3 = palm sugar sweetener. The observation parameters were through a hedonic test on the properties of the product, namely taste, aroma, texture, color, and physical appearance, as well as determining the level of preference of the panelists for kencur rice instant drink from 3 types of sugar as sweeteners. Each treatment was repeated three times with 10 panelists per repetition. This Hedonic test with sensory analysis of kencur rice instant products is used to estimate what products are most liked by the panelists with the level of preference. The method used in the Hedonic Test with sensory analysis, consists of 5 levels: (1) very disliked, (2) disliked, (3) mediocre, (4) liked, and (5) strongly liked. The results of the research show that the type of sugar has an effect on the acceptance of the sweetness level of the panelists. Organoleptic test on product properties: palm sugar has an advantage in aroma, brown sugar has an advantage in texture, then granulated sugar has an advantage in color and physical appearance.

The Mediating Effect of ICT-Based Instruction on Attitudes and Motivation of Students’ in Science

This study determined the mediating role of ICT-based instruction on the relationship between attitudes and motivation of students in science. The quantitative approach using the correlational technique and analysis was utilized in this study with a sample of 309 students coming from the Public Schools in the Division of Bukidnon, Municipality of Kitaotao, Kitaotao I, Kitaotao II, and Kitaotao III Districts using stratified random method of sampling. Data from the respondents was collected using sets of modified survey questionnaires, and the results were analyzed for reliability and content validity. Regression analysis, Pearson-r, and the mean were used to examine the data. The findings showed that the levels of science attitudes of students were rated moderate, and the science motivation of students was rated high. While ICT-based instruction was likewise given a high rating. Furthermore, there was a strong correlation between the factors. The connection between science attitudes and the science motivation of students was significant. There is also a significant relationship between science attitudes of students and ICT-based instruction. And a significant relationship between ICT-based instruction and the science motivation of students. On the mediating effect, a partial mediation exists between the impact of ICT-based instruction on the correlation between attitudes and motivation of students in science.

Analysis of the efficacy of two kinds of loss restoration of posterior teeth using 3D printing temporary crown during the second phase of implant surgery.

This study aimed to analyze the effect of 3D printing temporary crowns on the single and continuous loss restoration of posterior teeth during secondary implant surgery. This study adopted a single-center, randomized, single-blind, parallel-controlled trial design. Thirty patients who were admitted to the Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University between January 2020 and February 2023 and who had >2 consecutive missing posterior teeth were implanted with the same implant system. A simple random method was adopted to assign 30 patients to group A (using 3D-printed temporary crowns) and group B (control group) in a 1:1 ratio, with 15 patients in each group. The final prosthesis in Experimental group A was done based on the adjustment of the temporary crown and tooth. Both groups were compared based on total time, accuracy, and patient satisfaction of the final prosthesis. Additionally, 30 patients who had undergone single posterior tooth implantation during the same period were selected as the study objects and divided into 2 groups using the random comparison table method. The patients in the experimental group C (15 cases) were provided with 3D-printed temporary crowns, and the other 15 patients were assigned to the control group D (15 cases). In the experimental group A, the total time spent on dentures was 10.1 ± 1.3 minutes, which was lesser compared with that spent in the control group B (P < .05). Experimental group A exhibited a significantly higher accuracy of prosthesis (P < .05), as well as significantly higher satisfaction of patients (P < .05). Regarding the food impaction rate, after formal implantation and restoration, the food impaction rate of the experimental group C at 1 month and 6 months was compared with that of the traditional 2-stage surgery group D. Three-dimensional printing temporary crowns exhibited significantly better therapeutic effects for restoration in patients with continuous missing implants in posterior teeth. 3D printing temporary crowns in patients with single posterior tooth implant restoration showed promising results, which improved food immobilization and actively and effectively reduced the complications associated with a single posterior tooth implant.

Gut microbiota and epigenetic age acceleration: a bi-directional Mendelian randomization study

BackgroundThe gut microbiota is closely related to aging, but the genetic relationship between gut microbiota and aging has not been well investigated. The aim of the study was to explore the association of microbiota with epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) using the Mendelian randomization.MethodThe independent genetic instruments of gut microbiota were obtained from MiBioGen consortium and the Dutch Microbiome Project. EAA data were derived from genome-wide association study. To assess the causal relationship between gut microbiota and EAA, we applied four different methods of Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis: the inverse variance weighted method (IVW), the MR-Egger regression, the weighted median analysis (WMA), and the weighted mode. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy.ResultsWe identified potential causal associations between 12 bacterial taxa and EAA (PIVW and PWMA < 0.05). Among them, species Holdemania_unclassified (OR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.13–1.52, P = 0.0004) retained a strong positive association with GrimAge acceleration. Family Acidaminococcaceae (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.44–0.93, P = 0.019) and family Clostridiaceae1 (OR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.49–0.97 P = 0.031) were negative association with GrimAge acceleration. Reverse MR analyses indicated that EAA was associated with 6 bacterial taxa in IVW and WMA. Among them, a strong inverse association was found between Phenoage acceleration and genus Turicibacter (OR: 0.928, 95%CI: 0.888–0.971, PIVW and PWMA < 0.001).ConclusionOur study implicates the potential causal effects of specific microbiota on EAA, potentially providing novel insights into the prevention aging through specific gut microbiota.

Effect of Core Stability Exercise on Decreasing Angle of Trunk Rotation Degree in Idiophatic Scoliosis in Junior High School Student

Background : Scoliosis is a group of conditions consisting of changes in the shape and position of the spine on the lateral side that may be accompanied by rotation caused by various etiologies. Core stability exercise is a form of exercise that can be used to reduce the degree of scoliosis curve Objective : This study aims to determine the effect of core stability exercise on junior high school student (JHS). Methods : This study used a one group pre and post test with control design involving 32 students of SMP 2 Wonosari Klaten who were divided into 2 groups, using the blind randomized control trial method. into 2 groups, namely a treatment group and a control group with a treatment group of 16 subjects as intervention group given treatment of core stability exercise and a control group of 16 subjects as control group without any treatment. The intervention was carried out for 5 weeks with a frequency of 3 times a week. Measuring the degree of the scoliosis curve using a scoliometer. The pre-test trunk rotation angle (ATR) value for the treatment group was found to be an average of 5.06º and a post-test ATR value of 4.75º. Meanwhile, in the control group, there was no change in the ATR value during the pre-test or post-test, which was 5.43º. Result : Statistical test of differences in pre-post test of treatment groups using the Wilcoxon test obtained a value of p = 0.025 (p &lt; 0.05). Conculsion : From this study it was concluded that There is an effect of core stability exercise on reducing the scoliosis curve in junior high school student.

Exploring the Potential of BEND7 as an Immunomodulatory Biomarker in Sepsis through Integrative Genomic and Transcriptomic Analysis.

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition driven by a dysregulated immune response to infection. Identifying the genetic factors underlying sepsis pathogenesis remains a major challenge in developing effective treatments. The Summary-data-based Mendelian Randomization method was used to integrate genome-wide association study and expression quantitative trait loci data to identify sepsis-related genes. These genes were intersected with prognostic gene sets from Gene Expression Omnibus transcriptomic datasets and validated using an independent dataset. Comprehensive single-cell RNA sequencing analysis, including cell clustering, differential expression analysis, cell-cell communication mapping, and pseudotime trajectory analysis, was performed to explore the roles of the identified genes within the sepsis microenvironment. Intersection of Summary-data-based Mendelian Randomization and Gene Expression Omnibus gene sets, followed by validation, identified two risk genes and five protective genes as significantly differentially expressed. The risk gene BEND7, predominantly expressed in platelets, was further analyzed using single-cell RNA sequencing, revealing strong interactions with immune cells, particularly monocytes and neutrophils, via the intercellular adhesion molecule signaling pathway. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that BEND7-positive platelets play a role in immune modulation and platelet activation. BEND7 was identified as a platelet-specific gene involved in immune regulation during sepsis. Targeting BEND7-positive platelets may present new therapeutic opportunities in sepsis management.