Rainwater Reservoir Research Articles

Potensi sumber air dan kearifan masyarakat dalam menghadapi risiko kekeringan di wilayah karst (Kabupaten Gunung Kidul, Provinsi Yogyakarta)

Air merupakan salah satu kebutuhan pokok hidup. Kekurangan air dalam jangka panjang dapat menimbulkan bencana. Kekeringan merupakan salah satu bencana alam yang umumnya terjadi akibat berkurangnya curah hujan dan struktur geologis tanah. Kabupaten Gunung Kidul merupakan daerah yang sering mengalami kekeringan karena struktur geologis tanah yang berupa karst. Penelitian ini bertujuan membahas upaya-upaya yang dilakukan untuk menurunkan risiko terjadinya kekeringan di Kabupaten Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan beberapa upaya yang dapat diterapkan untuk meminimalkan risiko kekeringan yaitu membuat sumur yang sumber airnya berasal dari sungai bawah tanah, memanfaatkan sumber mata air dan membuat penampungan air hujan (PAH).

Farming Practices And Livelihood Status Of Non-Saline And Saline Households In Southern Bangladesh

The study examined the farming practices and livelihood status of farm households in seven districts of Southern Bangladesh. Majority of the farmers in non-saline and saline areas followed the cropping pattern of Fallow – Aman rice – Pulses and Fallow – Aman rice – Fallow, respectively. Cropping intensity was higher in non-saline areas (220.0%) compared to saline areas (101.7%). Profitability of major crops was much higher in non-saline areas compared to saline areas. Based on the poverty indicators, the proportion of deprived households was 41.7 and 56.0% in non-saline and saline areas, respectively. The study recommended that in saline areas, rain water reservoirs should be developed in cooperative way and availability of electricity use should be facilitated to use light irrigation pumps in the crop field from the nearest fresh water reservoir. In addition, canal reform should be done and leasing arrangement of water canals should be stopped to get farmers’ access for irrigation purpose. Moreover, salt-tolerant and short duration pulse and wheat should be introduced in order to improve livelihood of saline farm households in Bangladesh.
 SAARC J. Agri., 17(2): 227-238 (2019)

Instability of a dense seepage layer on a sloping boundary

When open-cut mines are eventually abandoned, they leave a large hole with sloping sides. The hole fills with rain water, and there is also contaminated run-off from surrounding land, that moves through the rock and eventually through the sloping sides of the abandoned mine. This paper considers a two-dimensional unsteady model motivated by this leaching flow through the rock and into the rain-water reservoir. The stability of the interface between the two fluids is analysed in the inviscid limit. A viscous Boussinesq model is also presented, and a closed-form solution is presented to this problem, after it has been linearized in a manner consistent with Boussinesq theory. That solution suggests that the interfacial zone is effectively neutrally stable as it evolves in time. However, an asymptotic theory in the interfacial region shows the interface to be unstable. In addition, the nonlinear Boussinesq model is solved using a spectral method. Interfacial travelling waves and roll-up are observed and discussed, and compared against the predictions of asymptotic Boussinesq theory.

Lock-brick system technology is an ecological building material innovation

The rapid development of housing requires the support of building materials technology innovation. The problem is that the cost of building materials produced not affordable by people in rural areas or for the lower-middle-class people. The buildings in the city are magnificent, but in contrary, in the village many houses still consist of bamboo-wall and leaf-roof. Some tried to build their houses using bricks, but they could not finish the building construction due to limited budget for purchasing material. It encourages for development of an environmentally friendly, safe and cheap building material: lock-brick. Villagers could make this material by themself since the raw materials are soils plus a little cement with a ratio between 1:8-10. First, this technology was piloted for simple house building, then for dormitories building and household-scale rainwater management, consisting of rainwater reservoir and runoff catchment ditches. Then, this system implemented for retaining-walls construction and currently also being tested for campus parking area. The trials results are good, and the construction costs are also much cheaper. It could reduce by 50%. Once again, the construction is very environmentally friendly, so can be said that this lock-brick system is an ecological building material innovation.

Pemanfaatan Sensor Suhu DHT-22, Ultrasonik HC-SR04 Untuk Mengendalikan Kolam Dengan Notifikasi Email

In the case of handling rainwater reservoirs, officers are currently overwhelmed, because they have to continue to monitor changes in water level manually. This is ineffective and inefficient because officers must always be present at the location of the water reservoir. While HR is very limited. The purpose of this study is to make an application to monitor and control water levels in rainwater reservoirs with temperature & humidity sensors DHT-22, ultrasonic sensors HC-SR04 and Arduino Uno R3 microcontrollers, so that they can report quickly to staff through email notifications making it easier for staff monitor changes in water level in a rainwater reservoir remotely. This application interface is made using the Arduino programming language, for its web display using the PHP programming language and MySQL database. The results of the trial were obtained as much as 90% of users said the system created was very helpful in controlling the water level of the water reservoir and working in realtime, and as many as 10% of users said the system created was less helpful in controlling the water level of the water reservoir.

GALUR-GALUR MUTAN PADI PADA KONDISI SAWAH TADAH HUJAN

Evaluation some mutant rice lines on rainfed area. Some mutant rice lines are expected to have good adaptability in the rainfed areas. Evaluation of drought tolerant rice lines in the rainfed land has been conducted in District Jakenan, Pati, Central Java in DS 2014. The Study used a randomized experimental design with 2 replications treatment 38 drought tolerant mutant rice lines and four varieties for the check. Mutant lines were evaluated coming from Co60 gamma-rays against Inpari 13. Varieties for check used is Inpari 13, Inpari 10, Inpari 23, and Situ Bagendit. Seedling age 20 days after sowing of each line and varieties grown as much as 1-3 seeds per hole on a plot measuring 2 m x 5 m with a spacing of 20 cm x 20 cm. Watering depends on rain and pump water from rainwater reservoir. The results showed that the lines tested had noticeable difference to the five agronomic characters were observed, but no real character number of productive tillers. A total of 13 genotypes showed higher yields than all varieties. Two genotypes showed a different result was significantly higher than Inpari 13 are BP17280M-26D-1-SKI-1-IND-1 (3.89 t / ha) and BP17280M-24C-2-1-SKI-1-IND- 1 (3.54 t / ha). While the best varieties Inpari 13 and Situ Bagendit achieve respectively 2.88 t / ha and 3.04 t / ha. The average best genotypes age at 50% flowering is 68-70 DAS and harvest age is HSS 98-104. With this result is expected to give a great chance on the tests subsequent to the development of new varieties of rainfed rice.

Penerapan teknologi pemanenan air hujan menuju desa mandiri air bersih di Pulau Merbau

One of the efforts to overcome the clean water crisis in the archipelago, one of them is Merbau Island, is to make a simple technology that is used to accommodate excess water during the rainy season and next, the water can be utilized for various purposes when it has been needed. The technology is rainwater storage building (PAH). This community service activity was conducted by making a model of PAH building at one of the residents’ houses and conducting a counselling activity to residents in relation to both of calculation and planning of the PAH building, and also the importance of consuming clean water. The purposes of this community service are to give an understanding and increasing knowledge about the needed for rainwater harvesting technology so that daily clean water needs will be fulfilled by basic infrastructure of the ideal PAH system based on independent-communities. The volume of this rainwater reservoir is needed at 3 m3 (3,000 litres) from the roof area of 36 m2. This rainwater is used to meet the needs of drinking, cooking and washing of 15 litres/person/day. The number of residents in the house is 5 people. The results obtained from this activity are the construction of rainwater reservoirs with a volume of 1,000 litres with good and correct rainwater harvesting system equipment. Thus the lack of 2,000 litres of rainwater storage must be managed independently by the homeowner.

Water Conservation with Rainwater Harvesting System in Lampung Province (Case Study in State Polytechnic of Lampung Campus Area)

The excessive quantity of groundwater utilization leads to significantly reduced groundwater availability. In another aspect of a tropical country, Indonesia has a reasonably high rainfall in the rainy season. The problem of this research is that the rainwater that has not been utilized and managed to maximize so that only becomes runoff. The community can utilize rainwater for the daily need. This paper presents methods and prototypes of rainwater harvesting and collection at the research locus. Methods of rainwater collection can be done with a rainwater harvesting system in the form of gutter mounted on the roof of the building as a tool to direct the flow of rainwater on the roof to the shelter. Rainfall compared to the roof area, will produce the volume of stored rainwater reservoir as a parameter. The novelty proposed in this study is the value and variable of water parameters in the case study of research implementation This case study was carried out in one of the buildings at Lampung State Polytechnic. The building has 96.72 m2 of roof area with daily average rainfall equal to 8.6 mm/day (January to May 2018 period). Hence rainwater potency which can be accommodated per day by society is equal to 0.582 m3/month with assumption only 70% water rain that collected because of water loss. In the rainy season, the volume of actual rainwater that can be collected as much as 0,831 m3/month by ignoring water loss due to evaporation. The quality of rainwater analyzed based on several parameters is pH 4.4, temperature 27,5 oC, turbidity 2.02 NTU, total dissolved solids 20.48 ppm, iron <0.110 ppm, calcium 3.36 mg/l, magnesium 0.233 mg/l, lead <0,021 ppm, hardness 3.69 mg/l, and total coliform 6,1 CFU/100 ml. Testing of the results of this study conducted by testing water quality standards compliance with the regulation of the Indonesia Health Minister number 32 of 2017. Test results show that rainwater can be directly utilized for sanitary hygiene purposes with the improvement of pH value.

Conceito de precipitação provável aplicado ao dimensionamento de reservatórios para aproveitamento de águas pluviais

Cada vez mais é evidente os problemas relacionados a crise hídrica, portanto há a necessidade de encontrar soluções para uso de água com menor qualidade para fins não potáveis, sendo o aproveitamento de águas pluviais relevante. Diante disso, o presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com o intuito de analisar de maneira técnica a aplicação da Precipitação Provável na obtenção do volume de reservatórios para armazenamento de águas pluviais em residências do município de Formiga - MG. Para tal, as precipitações prováveis mensais e anual, foram ajustadas seguindo a distribuição Gama, sendo então simulado o volume de reservatórios para armazenamento de águas pluviais, a partir de diferentes precipitações prováveis mensais e anuais e métodos de cálculo, apresentados pela NBR 15527, além da consideração de demandas por recurso hídrico não potável. Observou-se que o mês de julho é o que apresenta menor precipitação no município, não importando a probabilidade considerada para essa, enquanto que as maiores precipitações prováveis são obtidas em dezembro e janeiro. Em escala anual, a maior precipitação provável é de 1564,54 mm enquanto a menor, 935,19 mm. Segundo os resultados obtidos, a aplicação do conceito de precipitações prováveis é mais efetiva ao se usar os métodos de Rippl e Prático Australiano, por estes apresentarem maiores diferenças absolutas entre volumes de reservatório obtidos a partir das diferentes precipitações. Todavia os dois possuem comportamentos antagônicos quanto à consideração de maiores ou menores lâminas precipitadas

Contaminación y disminución del embalse El Laguito, Costa Rica, por aguas urbanas: encuesta y físico-química

La contaminación y la reducción del tamaño de los reservorios de agua tienen un impacto importante en la biodiversidad tropical. El Laguito de la Sede de Occidente, en Alajuela, Costa Rica, es un embalse artificial construido con fines recreativos, pero funciona actualmente como reservorio de agua de lluvia para prevenir las inundaciones que se presentan en las zonas bajas de la microcuenca. En los últimos años, se ha reducido su tamaño y ha perdido el espejo de agua y la capacidad del depósito es muy pequeña. Para evaluar el manejo del agua por parte de los vecinos, encuestamos los 92 hogares cercanos que descargan aguas residuales a El Laguito a través de un alcantarillado y una tubería. También tomamos muestras de agua en abril y setiembre de 2015 y julio de 2016 para el análisis fisicoquímico estándar. Los vecinos desperdician agua y el 80% de las casas descargan las aguas crudas sin tratar en el sistema. Un programa educativo mejoraría las prácticas en el área y beneficiaría al yacimiento y los organismos asociados.

Lock-brick System for Sustainable and Environment Infrastructure Building Materials

The community participation is expected to realize the appropriate housing. But the financial condition does not support, so that appropriate housing to be half constructed, which eventually became jammed unsustainable. Lock-brick system building construction can be implemented for appropriate housing and water infrastructure, such as small ponds and retaining wall construction. Lock-bricks are made from soil as the main ingredients added a little cement, thoroughly mixed in dry conditions, has dampened with water to a level sufficiently moist. Then, pressed with a pressing machine to 60%, forming interlocked bricks when arranged to form the walls of the liveable house. Columns, beams or retaining walls can be constructed with this system. Similarly, other water basin infrastructure such as rainwater catchers-canals can be constructed with this system. Lock-brick systems are used for a wide range of building infrastructure while considering the strength of the structure, so as to meet the standards. Various examples of usability have been done for the simple building liveable housing, student dormitories building, rain water reservoir, runoff catchment canals, soil retaining walls, and pavement floor. The usability, simple, easy to make and cheap, making this lock-brick system can support the development of sustainable infrastructure and built environment.

UJI COBA APLIKASI PEMANENAN AIR HUJAN DAN SUMUR RESAPAN DI WILAYAH BOGOR, DEPOK DAN JAKARTA

Areas of Jakarta, Bogor, Tangerang and Bekasi (Greater Jakarta) is an area with high rainfall (2250 -2500 mm/year). The rain that falls in this region often cause flooding problems in the area of rice fields, settlements and even in downtown. Rain is a gift from God to be utilized to the maximum extent possible for everyday purposes. Rain Water Harvesting is an attempt to capture rainwater that falls on the roof. In this study, use of the roof area of about 300 -500 m2. Precipitation that falls on the roof is channeled and put into storage, by first filtering done to reduce the dirt. The volume of rain water storage for each location is 10 m3, medium intensity rain (15-20 mm/h), sufficient to meet the storage within a few hours. Rain Water Reservoir are equipped with water pump which has a capacity of 25 liters/minute, the water can be used for flushing toilets and spraying crops. If Rain Water Reservoir is full, water overflows into the Artificial recharge well. The results of analysis with Kostiokov calculation method used to calculate the infiltration rate of Artificial recharge well and calculate the cumulative volume of infiltration at the Artificial recharge well. Results of tests conducted are as follows: a). In Depok, the infiltration rate of Artificial Recharge Well is about 12 mm/minute and was relatively stable at 140 minute (2 mm/minute). It also has the ability to recharge 450 liters of water in 140 minutes. b). In South Jakarta, the infiltration rate of Artificial Recharge Well is about 11 mm/minute and was relatively stable at 160 minutes (2.5 mm/minute). Artificial Recharge Well has the ability to recharge 480 liters of water in 160 minutes. c). In Bantarjati, Bogor, Artificial Recharge Well have the highest capacity, namely 45 mm/minute and was relatively stable at 260 minutes (2.5 mm/minute). Artificial Recharge Well has the ability to recharge 1000 liters of water in 150 minutes. Rain Water Harvesting Development Efforts and Artificial Recharge Well very useful to overcome inundation in residential areas, especially during heavy rain, because it can reduce the volume of surface water into the channel simultaneously. Keywords : Rain Water Harvesting, Infiltration, Artificial Recharge.

The development of green infrastructure through optimization of water resources carrying capacity in Yogyakarta urban area

The development of Yogyakarta Urban Area has spread to its surroundings. As a result, water resources carrying capacity and environmental problems are worsening. Rainwater harvesting (RWH) development as part of green infrastructure is one of the important methods to increase water resources carrying capacity. Relating to the problem, this research was conducted in Yogyakarta Urban Area. The study was a combination of field research and studio analysis. The field study measured the settlement’s physical parameters and surveyed the community’s socio-economic and cultural aspects. According to the physical and economic analysis based on CBR, the recommended models of water resource conservation infrastructure were absorption well/1.10; conservation pond/4.53; open space/7.47; and green space/3.59. Meanwhile, rainwater reservoir was not suggested because the CBR value was only 0.18.

Usate of Filter Tube to Reduce Pb, Turbidity And Increase pH of Rain Water Flowing Through Zinc Rooftop House

Pb contained in rain water comes from zinc rooftop, beside that, it comes from the pollutant dissolved and comes into rain water reservoir and is used for community drinking water source. This research objective is to evaluate Pb, pH and turbidity of rain water before and after process and to analyze efectivity of shell sand filtration and activated carbon absorbtion in the filter tube to decrease Pb and turbidity and increase pH of rain water. This research is an experiment with pre and post test design with control and observational with cross sectional design. It is conducted in Pontianak and Kubu Raya West Kalimantan in 2016 with two target regions which represent urban and rural ones. The result indicated that average lead (Pb) contained in rain water and turbidity process is high with 131.7 g/l and 20 NTU and pH is low with 5.2. After process, Pb become 0.71 g/l and turbidity become 5.66 NTU while pH increases to 6.9. The effectivity of filter tube to reduce lead (Pb) contained in rain water is 99.4% and to reduce turbidity is 72%.

&lt;b&gt;Methodology for rainwater reservoir dimensioning: a probabilistic approach

The aim of this study was to propose a new methodology for reservoir rainwater dimensioning based on probabilistic modeling. Eucalyptus seedlings grown in a greenhouse were used to obtain a hypothetical water demand. Meteorological data were used to estimate the demand (evapotranspiration) and offer (rainfall over the greenhouse coverage). The probability distribution of Wakeby presented the best fit for the rainfall data; therefore, a Wakeby distribution was used to model the flow-duration curve of the greenhouse coverage. For a payback period (T) of 10 years of surplus water demand and water supply deficit, a reservoir with 13.60 m³ was obtained. The proposed methodology combined the simultaneous occurrence of the events to enable the scaling out of a reservoir with high safety to supply the required demand (T = 100 years) and therefore enables a lower cost of deployment compared to each approach separately (T = 10 years).

Experimental study on performance of sand filter layer to remove non-point source pollutants in rainwater

Abstract Clogging characteristics of conventional sand filter layers with different grain-size distributions were experimentally studied to estimate their filtration capacity to capture non-point source pollutants in an artificial rainwater reservoir. A series of laboratory-scale chamber tests was conducted for artificial urban runoff synthesized with non-point source pollutants collected from a real road in Seoul, Korea. In addition, an analytical filtration model for estimating removal of non-point source pollutants was adopted considering the clogging characteristics. To evaluate the performance of three types of sand filter layers with different grain size characteristics, the pollutant concentration was measured in terms of total suspended solids and chemical oxygen demand. The lumped parameter (θ) related to the clogging property was estimated by comparing the accumulated weight of pollutant particles obtained from the laboratory chamber experiments and the theoretical estimation from the analytical filtration model. Based on the experimental study and theoretical consideration, a double-sand-filter layer consisting of two separate layers is proposed as the optimum system for removing non-point source pollutants in the pilot-scale rainwater reservoir.

On-site assessment of environmental and sanitary qualities of Rainwater Harvesting System (RWH) in a rural community in Benin City, Nigeria

Around fifty percent of individuals living in underdeveloped countries lack safe drinking water and sanitation. Occasionally their water sources get contaminated with their waste leading to an elevated level of distress. The improvement of water supply, sanitation, hygiene and management of water resources can hugely prevent up to one-tenth of the global disease burden. On-site assessment of environmental and sanitary qualities of rainwater harvesting system (RWH) in households was carried out using a structured questionnaire. The structural assessment of the rainwater harvesting system showed that corrugated iron sheet was the roof type used in all sites surveyed. Also all the rainwater harvesting (RWH) system surveyed was found to have gutters, although the condition of the gutters varied: good (15%), fair (65%) and poor (20%). The harvested rainwater reservoir was mainly made of concrete (90%) with subsurface submerge in the ground. On-site assessment of the sanitary location of the RWH system showed that 5% were located near a septic tank and another 5% in flooded area. The harvested rainwater was used for several domestic purposes including drinking. All respondent agreed that they use rainwater for washing while 10% of the respondent agreed that they drink the harvested rainwater. The maintenance culture of RWH system owners was investigated. Sixty-five percent (65%) of respondent agreed that they have first diverters devise installed in the rainwater harvesting system. Ten percent (10%) of respondent has never cleaned their storage reservoir. Of the remaining respondents, 50% cleaned their reservoir once a year while 25% clean twice a year. The rainwater harvesting system in the study area lack basic environmental and structural requirements which pose potential health risk to individual who rely on the source of water for potable use.Keywords: Water shortage, Health risk, Water quality, Roof-top, Rainwater

The Content of Lead, Cadmium and Mercury in Sediments from Rainwater Reservoirs Situated Along the National Road 4

Abstract The paper aimed at determining the pollution level of sediments collected from reservoirs receiving rainwater. The sediments were sampled from11 reservoirs on three dates: in May 2007, in April 2008 and in June 2008 in the following localities: Sulkow, Biskupice, Bodzanow and Suchoraba situated at a distance of ca 15 from each other. The contents of lead, cadmium, mercury and organic matter were assessed in the sediments. Lead content in the analysed sediments ranged from 9.87 to 61 mg · kg−2 with average for all samples 28.08 mg · kg−1. Mean cadmium concentration in the studied sediments was 0.637 mg · kg−1 and fluctuated from 0.20 to 1.58 mg Cd · kg−1. The quantities of mercury assessed in the sediments from rainwater reservoirs ranged from 0.337 to 0.864 mg · kg−1. Considerable differences between studied metal concentrations were assessed among the studied reservoirs, however the trends of differences were similar at each sampling. Generally, the levels of cadmium and mercury assessed in the analyzed sediments were comparable to the sediments from urbanized areas of various cities in the world, whereas lead level in the sediments of the analysed reservoirs was generally much lower than reported for similar materials in literature. Regularly decreasing contents of all elements with growing distance from the Krakow agglomeration was noted. The reservoir situated closest to Krakow, in Sulkow is located 7 km from the city boundaries and borders on Wieliczka town, whereas the reservoir in Suchoraba is located 17 km from Krakow. At this distance metal concentrations in the sediments from rainwater reservoirs were diminishing several times, which suggests considerable effect of urban pollution on metal level in these sediments.

Activity of Insectivorous Bats Associated with Cattle Ponds at La Michilía Biosphere Reserve, Durango, Mexico: Implications for Conservation

Most bats depend strongly on surface water to survive and reproduce, and thus it is a limiting resource in markedly seasonal environments, such as semiarid and temperate Mexico. Cattle ranching, an important activity in these areas has resulted in construction of rainwater reservoirs that may represent the only available surface water during the dry season. Using acoustic detectors we measured activity in cattle ponds at La Michilia Biosphere Reserve, Durango, Mexico to assess patterns of use by insectivorous bats. We tested for differences in activity between ponds and seasons, and for relationships between bat activity and a set of environmental and pond variables. Bat activity was significantly higher at ponds in the dry season; ponds were used by aerial, trawling, and gleaning insectivores. In the rainy season gleaners did not use ponds, and the other guilds used them less frequently. Larger, older ponds with aquatic vegetation were used more frequently in the dry season, whereas maximum temperature a...

분산형 빗물 저류조용 모래 여과층을 적용한 도심지 비점오염원의 TSS와 COD 정화효율에 대한 실험적 연구

도심지 불투수성 포장의 증가로 지하수위 저하, 생활용수 부족 등의 물과 관련된 다양한 환경문제가 점차 심화되고 있으며, 이를 해결하기 위해 빗물 저류조가 설치되어지고 있다. 빗물 저류조는 지반 저류층에 강우 유출수를 저장하여 향후 갈수기에 이용할 수 있어 도심지의 원활한 물순환에 도움이 된다. 그러나 도심지의 초기 강우는 다량의 비점오염물질을 포함하고 있으므로, 초기 강우를 빗물 저류조에 저류하기 전에 빗물에 포함된 오염물질을 정화하기 위한 시스템이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 초기 강우의 오염물질 정화를 위해 경제성과 비점오염물질 제거효율 측면에서 우수한 토양여과기술을 적용한 빗물 저류조의 전처리시설인 모래 여과층에 대한 정화효율 및 적용성을 실내 시험과 현장 시험을 통해 평가하였다. 실내 시험은 <TEX>$20cm{\times}30cm{\times}60cm$</TEX>의 규격으로 제작된 챔버에 3종류의 각기 다른 모래 여과층을 조성한 후 인공 강우를 유입하는 과정으로 진행되었으며, 유출된 오염수의 TSS (총 부유물질)와 COD (화학적 산소요구량)를 측정하여 모래 여과층의 정화효율을 평가하였다. 또한 폐색 현상으로 인한 모래 여과층의 투수계수 변화를 간접적으로 평가하였다. 실내 시험을 통하여 비점오염물질 정화에 적합한 여과층을 제시하였으며, 이를 현장 빗물 저류조에 시험 시공하여 선정된 여과층의 적용성을 검증하였다. Prevalent construction of impermeable pavements in urban areas causes diverse water-related environmental issues, such as lowering ground water levels and shortage of water supply for the living. In order to resolve such problems, a rainwater reservoir can be an effective and useful solution. The rainwater reservoir facilitates the hydrologic cycle in urban areas by temporarily retaining precipitation-runoff within a shallow subsurface layer for later use in a dry season. However, in order to use the stored water of precipitation-runoff, non-point source pollutants mostly retained in initial rainfall should be removed before being stored in the reservoir. Therefore, the purification system to filter out the non-point source pollutants is essential for the rainwater reservoir. The conventional soil filtration technology is well known to be able to capture non-point source pollutants in a economical and efficient way. This study adopted a sand filter layer (SFL) as a non-point source pollutant removal system in the rainwater reservoir, and conducted a series of lab-scale chamber tests and field tests to evaluate the pollutant removal efficiency and applicability of SFL. During the laboratory chamber experiments, three types of SFL with the different grain size characteristics were compared in the chamber with a dimension of <TEX>$20cm{\times}30cm{\times}60cm$</TEX>. To evaluate performance of the reservoir systems, the concentration of the polluted water in terms of TSS (Total Suspended Solids) and COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) were measured and compared. In addition, a reduction in hydraulic conductivity of SFL due to pollutant clogging was indirectly estimated. The optimum SFL selected through the laboratory chamber experiments was verified on the in-situ rainwater reservoir for field applicability.