Radiotherapy In Treatment Of Cancer Research Articles

"When Less is More": Paradigm Shifts in Radiation Treatment for Early-Stage Breast Cancer.

Recent advancements in the treatment of early-stage breast cancer have significantly shifted the radiotherapy landscape. Traditionally, the standard of care included lumpectomy followed by endocrine therapy and 3-5 weeks of adjuvant radiation targeting the entire unilateral breast. This review summaries modern trials, emphasizing data reported since 2019 that have changed radiation treatment paradigms. Ultra-hypofractionated treatment regimens have enabled radiation oncologists to deliver the total radiation dose in as few as 5 treatments over 1 week for select patients. Partial breast irradiation, treating only the breast tissue nearest to the lumpectomy cavity, has also emerged as an effective and well-tolerated treatment. Furthermore, a growing body of evidence supports the safety of omitting radiation completely for certain older adults with low-risk disease. Ongoing research in areas such as precision cancer care, treatment de-escalation, and toxicity prevention and management reflects a broader shift toward shared decision-making in medicine and individually tailored treatment paradigms. As research progresses, treatment options will continue to evolve. Advances in radiation oncology will give the oncology team a growing array of tools to custom treatment plans to individual patient risks and toxicity concerns. Knowledge of radiation advances should be used to facilitate shared decisions with patients about the balance of treatment efficacy, toxicity, and quality of life, with the ultimate goal of promoting high-quality, personalized, and patient-centered cancer care.

Automated robotic-assisted patient positioning method and dosimetric impact analysis for boron neutron capture therapy

Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) represents a revolutionary approach in targeted radiation treatment for cancer. While the therapy’s potential in precise targeting is well-recognized, a critical bottleneck remains in the accurate positioning of patients for treatment delivery. This study proposes a novel automated robotic-assisted patient positioning system specifically engineered for BNCT applications. The system utilizes high-precision industrial robotics and is fully integrated with NeuMANTA, a proprietary treatment planning system designed for BNCT. Through a systematic workflow, the robotic arm algorithmically calculates and executes the patient’s positioning based on the treatment plan, thus enhancing the accuracy and efficacy of the treatment. We validate the positioning system using an anthropomorphic phantom and evaluate the dosimetric impact of positional deviations. The results indicate that the system achieves high accuracy, with a maximum observational deviation of 3 mm in Source-to-Skin Distance (SSD) and 2 mm along the surface. Dosimetric analysis reveals that the resulting dose changes are less than 1% in surface orientation deviations and less than 5% in SSD orientation deviations. The study concludes that the robotic patient positioning system substantially advances in BNCT treatment delivery. This work not only sets a new benchmark for patient positioning in BNCT, but also provides a comprehensive framework for integrating advanced robotics into radiotherapy, paving the way for more precise and effective cancer treatments.

Advancing radiation therapy safety in cancer-care: Leveraging AI for adverse reaction prediction

The development of advanced technologies for radiation cancer treatment plays a pivotal role in anticipating potential complications, safeguarding patient well-being, and elevating treatment satisfaction. Access to curated medical data coupled with specialized knowledge in radiation oncology is indispensable for equipping healthcare professionals with the insights needed to make informed treatment decisions. This study endeavors to provide systematic support to practitioners in predicting personalized side effects of radiation oncology treatments before their administration to patients. For this, a pioneering ontology-based methodology for evidence-based medicine is introduced, drawing upon information and evidence from various scientific outlets. This approach utilizes semantic modeling and rule-based reasoning to assess radiation therapy pathways, ensuring adjustments are made when necessary to mitigate health risks and enhance safety. Focused on radiation oncology, the intricacies of knowledge are simplified and validated through real reported cases obtained from scientific literature. The resulted predictive model demonstrated a notable compatibility rate of 76.7% with real reported risks, surpassing conventional methods by 4% during testing achieves 89% success with single therapies but faces challenges with complex regimens. Data enrichment may increase accuracy by 20% over five years. Current method accuracy is 92%, with potential for 97% through quantum-inspired methods. Testing reveals 80.1% compatibility, exceeding conventional approaches by 3%. These findings hold significant potential of ontology-based models for revolutionizing radiation oncology treatment strategies in the realm of radiation protection.

Radiation-Induced Intraosseous Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor: A Case Report.

The significance of radiation therapy in cancer treatment comes with associated complications, including fibrosis, osteonecrosis, and the development of secondary malignancies, such as malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs). We emphasize the importance of understanding these complications for an effective patient management. We report a 47-year-old man with a history of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue, treated with surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. The patient later presented with symptoms that led to the discovery of an intraosseous MPNST. Histopathological examination revealed characteristic features of MPNST, including spindle cells arranged is sweeping fascicles with contrasting hypercellular and hypocellular areas, producing a marble-like pattern, with atypical wavy, buckled, hyperchromatic nuclei, and brisk mitotic activity. Immunohistochemical analysis showed patchy positive staining for S100 and SOX10, and a complete loss of H3K27me3 expression. This report underscores the challenge of diagnosing secondary malignancies post-radiation therapy and the importance of careful histological examination to differentiate them from other conditions. In conclusion, radiation-induced secondary malignancies are a significant late side effect of radiation therapy that can profoundly impact treatment decision-making and requires a high index of suspicion during post radiation surveillance. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor serves as a pertinent example, highlighting the importance of considering long-term risks when developing optimal management plans for cancer patients.

Comparative Analysis of Transradial and Transfemoral Approaches in Transarterial Radioembolization for Liver Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) is a minimally invasive therapy combining embolization and radiation for cancer treatment. This meta-analysis compares radiation exposure, quality of life, and safety of the transradial (TRA) versus transfemoral (TFA) approaches in TARE for liver tumors. We searched PubMed, SCOPUS, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Web of Science for studies comparing TRA versus TFA in TARE for liver tumors. Our primary outcomes focused on various measures of patient radiation exposure, including procedure time, fluoroscopy time, air kerma, and dose-area product (DAP). For secondary outcomes, we evaluated safety parameters, such as overall pain experienced during the procedure, pain in the recovery room post-procedure, the incidence of adverse events, and the impact on quality of life. Study quality was assessed using Cochrane's ROB 2 tool for RCTs and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for observational studies. Data analysis was conducted with REVMAN 5.4.1 software. Six studies, comprising one RCT and five cohort studies with 1,209 patients, underwent comprehensive analysis. The aggregated findings revealed a significant reduction in procedure duration associated with TRA (MD =- 6.30, 95% CI [- 9.88, - 2.73], P = 0.005). However, no statistically significant differences were found between TRA and TFA groups concerning fluoroscopy time, recovery time, air kerma, DAP, pain in the recovery room, overall pain during the procedure, quality of life measuring mental health and physical function or adverse events. TRA and TFA showed comparable results in TARE for liver tumors, but TRA offered a shorter procedure time. Further RCTs with larger samples are needed to confirm these findings. Future studies should assess long-term efficacy for a more complete evaluation.

Nutritional support in patients undergoing radiotherapy treatment for cervical-facial cancer

Nutritional support in patients undergoing radiotherapy treatment for cervical-facial cancer

Effects of Head and Neck Cancer Radiotherapy on Cricothyroid Membrane Related Dimensions.

Radiation treatment can modify soft tissue dynamics depending on the extent and location of irradiation. We hypothesized that head and neck radiotherapy caused alterations in cricothyroid membrane (CTM) related dimensions. Primary objective was to evaluate changes in the cricothyroid membrane height (CTMH) and skin-to-CTM distance (STCD) in patients who underwent radiation treatment for head and neck cancers. Pre- and post-head-and-neck cancer-radiated computed tomography (CT) scans were analyzed retrospectively. The patients' demographics (age, sex, body mass index, cancer location), radiation dose and laterality, time from radiation initiation to CT scan assessments were summarized. CTMH and STCD were measured from pre-and post-radiation CT scans. Pre- and post-radiation comparisons were conducted using a paired t-test, or Wilcoxon signed-rank test if more appropriate. Chi-squared or Fisher's Exact test were used for categorical variables. Among 231 study patients, who underwent head and neck radiotherapy in our institution 73.2% were males, and the median age of total population was 66years (31-93). The median BMI was 25.2kg/m2 (13.8-47.2). The median time from first radiation dose to CT scan assessment was 29.5months (2-115).The median pre- and post-radiation CTMH were 8.7mm (3-16.2) and 7.5mm (3.1-14.3) respectively. The median pre- and post-radiation STCD were 11.7mm (2.9-71.1) and 10.2mm (3.9-38) respectively. In summary our patient population had significant reduction of cricothyroid membrane related dimensions following head-and-neck radiotherapy, which can limit the localization of the cricothyroid membrane. Retrospective cohort study.

470 - An Institutional experience of Prostate cancer Radiotherapy treatment with Full bladder Vs Gold fiducial marker: Pro and Cons

470 - An Institutional experience of Prostate cancer Radiotherapy treatment with Full bladder Vs Gold fiducial marker: Pro and Cons

Effect of using bolus on the efficiency of the 3DCRT of the breast cancer after mastectomy.

To assess the effect of using bolus on the efficiency of three-dimensional conformation radiation treatment of breast cancer post-mastectomy. The prospective, clinical study was conducted at Al-Amal Center for Radiation Therapy and Nuclear Medicine, Iraq, from November 2020 to April 2021, and comprised patients with synchronous bilateral breast cancer with regional lymph nodes who underwent mastectomy. The three-diensional conformation radiation treatment technique was used to evaluate the dose received by the planning target volume and the organs at risk. The plans were generated using a treatment planning system, the plans were then fed into a linear accelerator. The plans had one isocenter for both breasts to avoid the errors that may cause the overlapping of the radiation fields with and without the use of bolus. Data was analysed using SPSS 24. There were 23 female patients with mean age 49.28±8.79 years (range: 35-62 years). There were 7(30.4%) females residing in rural areas, while 16(69.6%) lived in urban areas. The use of bolus increased the radiation dose coverage percentage of the planning target volume of the right (p=0.0002) and left (p=0.0164) breasts, while the right (p=0.3977) and left (p=0.7940) supraclavicular nodes were not significantly covered by the radiotherapy dose. The use of bolus showed a strong significant decrease of the mean dose that was received by the left lung (p=0.00001). Also, the use of bolus caused significant reduction in the amount of the mean scattered dose that reached the heart (p=0.00001) and larynx (p=0.00004). The use of bolus provided a complete radiotherapy dose coverage for the right and left breasts, as well as an excellent protection for the left lung, heart and larynx.

Research on the comprehensive child life intervention program (CCLIP) for adjusting medical fear in children with central nervous system (CNS) cancers: a randomized controlled trial study protocol

BackgroundMedical fear is a common psychological reaction in hospitalized children, especially during radiotherapy for central nervous system (CNS) cancers. This fear not only causes negative emotions such as anxiety and depression but also affects children’s quality of life and treatment outcomes. It is exacerbated by factors such as unfamiliar environments during radiation therapy and separation from parents. Child Life, as a professional service, offers physical and mental support to children through medical understanding and psychological preparation, addressing their social and psychological needs, among other things. This study aims to construct a comprehensive Child Life intervention program (CCLIP), consisting of four key components: psychological adjustment and preparation, therapeutic play, pain management and coping strategies, and family support. The integration of effective intervention methods aims to reduce medical fear in children undergoing radiotherapy, promote psychological well-being, improve treatment compliance, and enhance quality of life.MethodsThis study is a protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Using a random number table method, we plan to recruit 38 eligible children who meet the inclusion criteria and then randomize them into two distinct groups: the intervention group and the control group. The intervention group will receive the CCLIP, and the control group will receive standardized care. Data will be collected through questionnaires and on-site assessments during the one-month intervention period at four distinct time points: the day of admission (T0), the first radiotherapy positioning (T1), mid-radiotherapy (T2), and postradiotherapy (T3). The primary outcome measure is the effectiveness of the CCLIP in reducing medical fear among children receiving radiation treatment for CNS cancers. Secondary outcomes include anxiety, depression, radiation adherence, quality of life among children, and parental satisfaction.DiscussionThis study aims to alleviate medical fear among children with CNS tumors undergoing radiotherapy through the implementation of the CCLIP while enhancing their mental health and quality of life. The expected outcomes of this research include providing effective intervention strategies for clinical practice, improving the treatment experience and long-term prognosis of children, and having positive impacts on children and their families.Trial registrationThis study is registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2400082622. Registered 2 April, 2024.

Resource implications of evolving breast cancer radiotherapy treatment protocols

Resource implications of evolving breast cancer radiotherapy treatment protocols

Benefits of High-Dose Vitamin D in Managing Cutaneous Adverse Events Induced by Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy.

The use of chemotherapy and radiation for cancer treatment can result in cutaneous adverse events (AEs) such as toxic erythema of chemotherapy (TEC) and radiation-induced dermatitis. High-dose vitamin D supplementation has been suggested to potentially improve and shorten recovery for these AEs, primarily based on data from case reports and case series. In this article, we discuss the role of vitamin D in the most prevalent cancers (breast and colorectal cancer) and changes in vitamin D levels after chemotherapy or radiation treatments. We also summarize reports on high-dose vitamin D supplementation for treating chemotherapy-induced and radiation-induced skin toxicity. Larger studies and randomized controlled trials are essential to clarify the roles of vitamin D in malignancy and in cutaneous AEs associated with cancer treatment. The existing studies we reviewed lack standardized dosing regimens and exhibited heterogeneity across study populations, making it challenging to draw generalizable conclusions.

How Effective is Deep Inspiration Breath Hold in Minimizing Cardiac Doses During Hybrid Radiotherapy Treatment for Left-Sided Breast Cancer with Comprehensive Regional Nodes?

In the context of left breast cancer radiotherapy, long term cardiopulmonary toxicity has been well-documented, significant efforts have been undertaken to mitigate such toxicity by using 4D gating, deep inspiration breath-hold(DIBH) and active breath control(ABC) techniques. To evaluate and compare the cardio-pulmonary radiation doses incurred during postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) in two distinct breathing conditions such as DIBH and Free Breathing (FB), with a specific focus on the left chest wall with comprehensive regional nodal irradiation. A prospective dosimetric study was conducted on 15 patients who received adjuvant loco-regional radiotherapy of chest-wall (CW), supraclavicular fossa(SCF), and internal mammary region(IMC), with or without axilla. Two sets of planning CT scans were taken in DIBH and FB conditions. The dosimetric difference between DIBH CT and FB CT plans analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test, employing SPSS software version 21.0. Comparison of DIBH and FB parameters for target coverage revealed a statistically significant advantage with DIBH in SCF(D95, V90, p<0.017) and IMC(D98, V90 & V95, p<0.03). Dosimetric characteristics of heart and LAD exhibited statistically significant lower doses with DIBH (V20, V25, and Dmean, p<0.001) compared to FB plans. Lung doses were similar with no discernible advantage of one technique over the other. Other OARs such as contralateral breast (p=0.027) and esophagus (p=0.001) received lower doses with the DIBH technique while the spinal cord (p=0.691) and thyroid(p=0.496) showed no significant difference. Maximum heart distance (p= 0.001), central lung distance (p= 0.011) and Haller index (p= 0.001) exhibited statistical significance between the two techniques, whereas chest wall separation showed no significant statistical difference (p=0.629). DIBH demonstrates a substantial reduction in cardiac and LAD doses compared to the FB technique. This study underscores the efficacy of DIBH as a viable strategy for mitigating cardiac and LAD radiation doses in left-sided breast cancer patients undergoing PMRT of chest wall with comprehensive regional nodes.

Pretreatment plasma osteopontin level as a marker of response to curative radiotherapy and hormonal treatment for prostate cancer

Background and purposeOsteopontin is a known marker for tumour hypoxia with relevance for the outcome of radiotherapy. We analysed the plasma concentration of OPN in prostate cancer patients receiving RT with or without ADT to evaluate OPN as a potential marker of treatment response. Materials and methodsBetween 2012 and 2014, 274 patients with prostate cancer qualifying for RT were enrolled to the study. SCADT received 34.3 % of patients, LCADT 46.3 %. The median OPN concentration was 83.9 ng/mL. We analysed the groups by OPN level: group A with OPN below and group B with OPN above the median. ResultsThere was a significant difference in OPN between the Gleason score (p = 0.005), the D’Amico risk (p = 0.002), the ADT (p < 0.001) and the RT (p = 0.019) groups. We found a positive correlation between OPN and clinical stage (p = 0.042).There were no significant effect of OPN on bRFS, RFS and MFS. The 10-year OS rate for group A was 81 % and for group B 60 % (p < 0.001). Cox analysis showed that low OPN level (p < 0.001), low age (p = 0.002) and low Gleason score (p = 0.038) were associated with higher OS. The prognostic influence of OPN on survival decreased with duration of ADT with the strongest effect of OPN (HR=3.93) observed when RT alone was used, weakest effect (HR=2.48) for SCADT and the smallest effect (HR=2.09) for LCADT. ConclusionsBased on the obtained results, we assume that the level of OPN measured before the start of radiotherapy may be an independent predictor of OS of patients with prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy with and without ADT.

Qualitative exploration of patients’ experiences with Intrabeam TARGeted Intraoperative radioTherapy (TARGIT-IORT) and External-Beam RadioTherapy Treatment (EBRT) for breast cancer

ObjectiveTo gather a deep qualitative understanding of the perceived benefits and impacts of External-Beam RadioTherapy (EBRT) and TARGeted Intraoperative radioTherapy (TARGIT-IORT) using Intrabeam to assess how the treatments affected patient/care...

Monte Carlo simulations of microdosimetry and radiolytic species production at long time post proton irradiation using GATE and Geant4-DNA.

Radiobiological effectiveness of radiation in cancer treatment can be studied at different scales (molecular till organ scale) and different time post irradiation. The production of free radicals and reactive oxygen species during water radiolysis is particularly relevant to understand the fundamental mechanisms playing a role in observed biological outcomes. The development and validation of Monte Carlo tools integrating the simulation of physical, physico-chemical and chemical stages after radiation is very important to maintain with experiments. Therefore, in this study, we propose to validate a new Geant4-DNA chemistry module through the simulation of water radiolysis and Fricke dosimetry experiments on a proton preclinical beam line. In this study, we used the GATE Monte Carlo simulation platform (version 9.3) to simulate a 67.5 MeV proton beam produced with the ARRONAX isochronous cyclotron (IBA Cyclone 70XP) at conventional dose rate (0.2Gy/s) to simulate the irradiation of ultra-pure liquid water samples and Fricke dosimeter. We compared the depth dose profile with measurements performed with a plane parallel Advanced PTW 34045 Markus ionization chamber. Then, a new Geant4-DNA chemistry application proposed from Geant4 version 11.2 has been used to assess the evolution of , , , , , , and reactive species along time until 1-h post-irradiation. In particular, the effect of oxygen and pH has been investigated through comparisons with experimental measurements of radiolytic yields for and Fe3+. GATE simulations reproduced, within 4%, the depth dose profile in liquid water. With Geant4-DNA, we were able to reproduce experimental radiolytic yields 1-h post-irradiation in aerated and deaerated conditions, showing the impact of small changes in oxygen concentrations on species evolution along time. For the Fricke dosimeter, simulated G(Fe3+) is 15.97±0.2 molecules/100eV which is 11% higher than the measured value (14.4±04 molecules/100 eV). These results aim to be consolidated by new comparisons involving other radiolytic species, such as or to further study the mechanisms underlying the FLASH effect observed at ultra-high dose rates (UHDR).

Synthesis and characterization of chitosan mediated gold nanoparticles for sensitization of cancer cells

The report focuses on the preparation of chitosan mediated gold nanoparticles (Au@CS NPs) and theirapplication in radiotherapy. It highlights the use of gold nanoparticles as a way to enhance the efficacy of radiation therapy in cancer treatment. The process of fabrication of these gold nanoparticles using CS as both a stabilizing and reducing agent is detailed. CS, a biopolymer derived from chitin, is considered biocompatible and biodegradable and has been used largely in biomedicine. The properties of gold nanoparticles stabilized by CS were analyzed using various techniques such as FESEM, STEM, DLS, zeta potential, and UV–Vis. Finally, the in vitro assays were conducted to study the radioenhancement effect of Au@CS NPs on breast cancer cell line (4T1) as a radiosensitizer agent through the cell viability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation assays. The results show that Au@CS NPs could produce ROS within cancer cells and enhance sensitization of cancer cells against X‐ray.

CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH CANCER UNDERGOING RADIOTHERAPY: WHAT IS THE IMPACT ON SCHOOLING?

Introduction and Aim of the Study:When a child or adolescent is diagnosed with cancer, it represents a challenging ordeal that often brings significant changes to their daily life. School is an important concern for young patients, but a cancer diagnosis usually leads to school disruptions. The aim of our study is to evaluate the impact of radiotherapy treatment on the schooling of children and adolescents affected by cancer. Materials and Methods:This is a prospective study conducted in the Radiotherapy Department of the National Institute of Oncology in Rabat from January 2022 to December 2022, including 40 children and adolescents aged between 6 and 16 years undergoing radiotherapy or concurrent radiochemotherapy treatment for cancer. Results:The median age of our patients was 10 years, with a predominance of males (sex ratio = 2). The most common neoplasms were malignant hemopathies (35%), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (20%), soft tissue sarcoma (17.5%), brain neoplasms (15%), and others (nephroblastoma , neuroblastoma 12.5%).42.5% of the patients had previously received chemotherapy alone, 30% had chemotherapy plus surgery, and 27.5% had surgery alone.During our study, all patients received either radiotherapy alone (80%) or concurrent radiochemotherapy (20%). The average number of sessions was 22, held daily from Monday to Friday.All our patients were attending school before their diagnosis. However, 96% discontinued school at the start of their treatment, with only 4% continuing to attend school. The heaviness of the treatments received and their side effects are the main cause of school discontinuation. The distance between the treatment location and the patients home was also factor for patients undergoing radiotherapy. Conclusion:The discontinuation of schooling for children and adolescents represents a significant disruption in their daily lives, potentially impacting their psychological well-being. Furthermore, feeling different from other children their age can be challenging for them. Therefore, it is important to offer an adaptation of their schooling with specialized education to enable their social development and well-being.

Supporting practitioners to talk about sexual wellness and pleasure during radiotherapy for gynaecological cancer

IntroductionRadiotherapy treatment for gynaecological cancer has significant negative effects on sexual wellness and pleasure (1–3). Patients undergoing radiotherapy for gynaecological cancers have more sexual dysfunction and experience more sexual and depressive symptoms than those who undergo surgery alone (4). The World Health Organization defines sexual health as a crucial part of health and wellbeing and recognizes the importance of positive and respectful approaches to sexuality, alongside safe and pleasurable sexual experiences free from violence and coercion (5). MethodsTaking a sex critical approach to sexual wellness and pleasure, this project aimed to support practitioners to have improved and impactful conversations with people receiving radiotherapy treatment for gynaecological cancers. A series of three professional development workshops were held to explore language, unpack assumptions and develop key competencies for practitioners. A fourth workshop involved co-development of resources for use by other practitioners. ResultsThe group united, sharing insights, learning, and developing practices through reflection developing critical awareness about damaging silences around sexual wellness and pleasure. Co-created resources included conversation cards and a poster. ConclusionThe project aimed to build and extend research findings to develop practitioner skills in supporting sexual wellness and pleasure for people receiving gynae-radiotherapy. The study shows the benefits of discussing norms and harms associated with biomedically focused conversations in gynae-radiotherapy to acknowledge diversity and validate concerns about sexual wellbeing and pleasure. Implications for practiceA sex critical approach to sexual wellness and pleasure should be considered a core principle of care for patients during their treatment for gynaecological cancers. Conversations are a key (free) resource within the practitioner-patient relationship that can address and improve patients’ psychosocial wellbeing.

Anti-Cancer Effects of Soy Isoflavones against Cancer by Radiosensitizing Properties: A Systematic Review

Background: It is necessary to investigate the targets and pathways on which soy isoflavones act as radiosensitizers for their future use and their potential therapeutic effects. Objectives: This systematic review aims to discuss and highlight future perspectives on the radiosensitizing effects of soy isoflavones against cancer cells. Methods: We thoroughly searched multiple databases, such as PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus. We aimed to find studies investigating the effectiveness of soy isoflavones in increasing the sensitivity of different types of cancer to radiation treatment. We extracted data according to the study's aim, and the studies' outcomes were reviewed. Results: The radiosensitizing effects of soy isoflavones are related to the accumulation of intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), reducing Glutathione (GSH), Nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1). They also induce cancer cell apoptosis through inhibited Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor-1 (APE1/Ref-1) and HIF-1α, upregulation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP) and improve cytochrome c, upregulation Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), inhibited B-cell lymphoma-extra-large (Bcl-xL) and activation of caspase-3 and -8. Moreover, by inhibiting p21, increased phosphorylation of p53 and PARP-1-dependent ATP depletion caused DNA damage and impaired DNA repair. Soy isoflavones also arrest the cell cycle by interfering with the G2/M checkpoint. Conclusion: In vivo and in vitro studies indicated that soy isoflavones enhanced radiotherapy effects on cancer cells with protective effects on healthy cells. Also, clinical studies reported safe and satisfactory properties of soy isoflavones along with radiotherapy in cancer treatment.