Advanced surface modification of CoCr alloys for biomedical Applications: The impact of TiB2 and BN coatings on wear, hardness, and radiation shielding

Cerium-substituted Ni–Co–Zn spinel nanoferrites synthesized via citrate combustion: structural, magnetic, mechanical, and radiation shielding performance

Designing a novel FeCoNiMnCu high-entropy Alloy: Synthesis, structural evolution, magnetic behavior, and radiation shielding performance

Green alternatives of radiation shielding glass using rice husk ash: Dose estimation in human organs

Optical and emission Spectroscopy and radiation shielding properties of Sm3+-Doped P2O5 + BaO + La2O3 glasses

Physical, chemical, mechanical and radiation shielding properties of ZrO2–B2O3–SiO2 based waste glass ceramics containing different Bi2O3 concentrations

Theoretical and experimental investigations on the gamma radiation shielding properties of the particles dispersed carbon fiber-based multilayered epoxy composites

Preparation and characterization of porcelain tile containing bismuth oxide in the glaze for radiation shielding applications

Modifier effect of BaTiO3 nanoparticles on morphology, structural, and radiation shielding characteristics of Li2O–BaTiO3–B2O3: TiO2 glasses

The gamma and neutron shielding performance of CeO2 and Er2O3 doped Al2Si2O5(OH)4-KAlSi3O8-SiO2 ceramics.

Multi-layered radiation shielding analysis in a Molten Salt Reactor

Multifunctional melamine-sponge composites with reflection capsules for radiation shielding in nuclear environments

Superiority of clay composite materials of bentonite intercalated with the bimetallic MOFs-Pb/Cu, and nano magnetite to enhance the gamma and neutron radiation shielding

BaF2-doped borosilicate glasses for next-generation radiation shielding and optical applications: A hybrid experimental and computational study

Experimental demonstration of enhanced radiative shielding performance induced by Mie scattering of fine water-mist particles

The MAX phase compounds possess both ceramic and metallic properties and have attracted great attention from researchers. In this work, we studied the structural, mechanical, optical, magnetic, electronic, and dynamical properties of the Hf₂CdN MAX phase compound using the density functional theory (DFT) method through the Quantum ESPRESSO as a computational tool. The low value of ground-state energy confirms the structural stability of our compound. The calculated elastic constants of Hf₂CdN satisfy Born’s stability criteria, indicating that it is mechanically stable. Based on the estimated mechanical parameters, Hf₂CdN exhibits anisotropic behavior, metallic-like bonding, and a brittle nature. The phonon frequency curve shows positive values, confirming that the compound is dynamically stable. From the analysis of band structure and density of states (DOS) plots, it reveals that some energy bands cross the Fermi level, indicating metallic behavior. A high absorption coefficient is observed in the visible and UV regions, suggesting potential applications in optoelectronic devices. The strong reflectivity in the UV region further highlights its suitability for radiation shielding and UV mirror materials. Additionally, the high refractive index in the infrared region suggests possible use in optoelectronic applications. From the partial and total, density of states (PDOS and TDOS) analyses, we confirm that Hf₂CdN is nonmagnetic due to the symmetric distribution of spin-up and spin down electron states near the Fermi level. Overall, our findings provide fundamental insights into the properties of Hf₂CdN and its potential applications in various technological fields, such as it would be used in the fields of optoelectronic devices, UV radiation detectors, mirror coatings in UV lasers, and thermal imaging coatings.

This study experimentally investigates the radiation shielding performance, characterized by the linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) values, of concrete mixes incorporating lead monoxide (NL), nano-magnetite (NM), and nano-granodiorite (NG) as partial cement replacements (1-5%) under ambient and elevated temperatures (400-800°C). The primary objective was to develop robust predictive models for the LAC values using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Results showed that exposure to elevated temperatures notably reduced the LAC of the control concrete, especially after heating to 800°C. Incorporating nanomaterials effectively mitigated this deterioration, maintaining higher shielding efficiency. NL mixes showed the greatest improvement, with LAC increases of about 42.6% and 37.4% after exposure to 600°C and 800°C, respectively. NM mixes ranked second, enhancing LAC by 26.7% and 24.2% at the same temperatures, while NG provided moderate improvement of around 9.9% at 800°C (4% replacement). The superior performance of NL and NM mixes is attributed to their high density and atomic number, which promote photon absorption and scattering within the concrete matrix, as well as the improved microstructural integrity resulting from the filler effect of the uniformly dispersed nanoscale particles. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) confirmed the high statistical significance and predictive power of the developed model, demonstrating an exceptional correlation between predicted and experimental data. The response surface analysis revealed that the nanomaterial dose and type are the dominant factor for enhancing LAC values, exhibiting a strong positive correlation, whereas elevated temperature has a detrimental effect. The observed curvature in the response surfaces confirmed significant non-linear and interaction effects between the input parameters. Optimization results demonstrated that a 5% nano-dose at various temperatures maximizes shielding performance, with NL identified as the most effective material, demonstrating superior radiation shielding properties.

Study on radiation shielding of wheat flour mixed with barium sulfate (BaSO4) for replace lead. The moldable materials mixed with BaSO4 in composition 0%, 1%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% respectively. Radiation shielding characterization in diagnostic regions was conducted between 50-120 kVp, 100 mA, and 2 sec, with evaluations including the Linear Attenuation Coefficient (µ), Half Value Layer (HVL), Tenth Value Layer (TVL), and Mean Free Path (MFP). The results show that as BaSO4 content increases, the linear attenuation coefficient (µ) increases, while the HVL, TVL, and MFP decrease. When comparing HVL values at 120 kVp between the moldable materials in this study and standard radiation shielding materials such as commercial window glass, red brick, and concrete, it was found that the HVL values of the moldable materials with more than 1% BaSO4 were better. At a 20% BaSO4 concentration, the HVL values were nearly equivalent to those of X-ray windows, thyroid shields, and lead. Therefore, wheat flour moldable mixed with BaSO4 can be considered a viable alternative for radiation shielding.

New fixable composite materials were developed based on silicone rubber reinforced with brine sludge as the main filler, and enhanced with bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) prepared from olive leaves as a natural and sustainable resource. For clarity, the samples are coded from SBB0 to SBB5, since (SBB) refers to Silicone Rubber + Brine Sludge + Bi2O3, starting with the reference sample (SBB0) without bismuth and going up to (SBB5) with the highest content (35% wt). The shielding properties of these composites were evaluated by measuring the attenuation coefficients such as Linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) and radiation shielding efficiency (RSE%) using photons from a wide range of energies, including low-energy X-rays (15–50 keV) as well as gamma rays (241Am at 59.5 keV, 133Ba at 81 and 356 keV, and 137Cs at 661.7 keV). The results showed that increasing the Bi2O3 content significantly improved the performance of the samples, with SBB4 and SBB5 achieving shielding efficiencies of nearly 100% against X-rays up to 50 keV and over 95% against low-energy gamma rays at only 1 cm thick. This study also showed that increasing the thickness to 5 cm increased the efficiency at high energies, with the SBB5 efficiency reaching approximately 57% at 661.7 keV, compared to less than 10% for the reference sample (SBB0) with a thickness of 1 cm. These results demonstrate that these new composites, made from recycled and environmentally friendly materials, are good and safe compounds for radiation shielding applications in the medical and industrial fields.

High-energy proton accelerators generate high-energy neutrons through spallation processes, and these neutrons represent one of the most challenging particle types in terms of radiation shielding. In this study, secondary neutron dose distributions in the tunnel air environment at different distances and within the surrounding shielding structures were calculated for a 1000 MeV proton accelerator using FLUKA Monte Carlo simulations. Standard concrete, ferroboron (Fe₂B), and concrete doped with 20% Fe₂B were considered as shielding materials, and their shielding performances at various thicknesses were comparatively evaluated. The simulation results demonstrate that Fe₂B provides superior shielding performance compared to standard concrete and 20% Fe₂B-doped concrete, owing to its high effectiveness in moderating fast neutrons and absorbing thermal neutrons. In addition, an increase in shielding thickness was found to significantly reduce the measured dose levels. The findings indicate that Fe₂B-based materials constitute an effective and viable alternative for optimized shielding design in high-energy proton accelerator facilities