Field Radiation Research Articles

Deep learning method for predicting electromagnetic emission spectrum of aerospace equipment

AbstractThis paper proposes a deep learning method to predict the electromagnetic emission spectrum in the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) test of aerospace products. A threshold‐based data decomposition method is used to propose the spike signal, reconstruct the original test data, and solve the contradiction between the overfitting and prediction accuracy of the deep learning method to deal with the EMC test spectrum. Using a long short‐term memory neural network architecture for predicting electromagnetic emission spectrum, the Bayesian optimization method is used to optimize the network hyperparameter, and the acquisition function is introduced into the loss function to improve the comprehensive training optimization of deep learning network. Apply the method to three numerical examples: signal line current conduction emission, power line voltage conduction emission, and electric field radiation emission. The analysis results indicate that at a 95% confidence level, the predicted electromagnetic emission spectrum is basically consistent with the test results. The prediction results can be used as the basis for EMC evaluation of aerospace electronic equipment.

Comparison of the cytogenetic effects of a pulsed magnetic field and gamma radiation on meristem cells of onion seed sprouts (Allium cepa l.)

The effect of a pulsed magnetic field (PMF) on meristem cells of onion seedlings was compared with the effects of acute gamma irradiation using the allium test. It was found that a pulse with a carrier frequency of 1.8 MHz, a pulse repetition rate of 28 kHz, and a magnetic field induction of 75 mT per pulse leads to an increase in the mitotic index, mainly due to an increase in the proportion of cells in the prophase, an increase in the frequency of cells with chromosome aberrations in the ana-telophase and does not affect the frequency of cells with micronuclei. It has been suggested that UTI causes nonspecific oxidative stress in plant cells, accompanied by a delay in the cell cycle at the check point (G2/M) and induction of DNA damage. According to these indicators, the PMF resembles the effect of ionizing radiation in doses of 0.05–0.5 Gy.

Common mode far field radiation mechanisms and prediction of a buck converter with cables based on common mode voltage mutation method

AbstractIn the field of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) research, the knowledge of the formation mechanism of the far field electromagnetic radiation and its prediction is essential for the electromagnetic noise suppression design of a switched mode power supply. This paper investigates the equivalent driving sources of the common mode (CM) current of a Buck converter with cables. Based on the concept of CM voltage mutation, this paper proposes two mechanism models of the same‐direction CM voltage driving mode and the opposite‐direction CM voltage driving mode and derives the approximate analytical formulas for the far field intensity estimation of the horizontal cables. To evaluate the predictive effectiveness of the CM far field radiation model, a 30 MHz very high frequency (VHF) Buck prototype with shielded cables is built and tested, and a shielding shell and low impedance ground conductor suppression designs are then verified. The CM electromagnetic radiation mechanisms of a non‐isolated power converter are demonstrated here. The proposed electromagnetic radiation models, approximate analytical formulas, and improvement design can help to advance the CM radiation analysis and optimization design.

Numerical simulation of entropy generation in thermo-magnetic convection in an inverted T-shaped porous enclosure under thermal radiation

PurposeThermo-magnetic convective flow analysis under the impact of thermal radiation for heat and entropy generation phenomena is an active research field for understanding the efficiency of thermodynamic systems in various engineering sectors. This study aims to examine the characteristics of convective heat transport and entropy generation within an inverted T-shaped porous enclosure saturated with a hybrid nanofluid under the influence of thermal radiation and magnetic field.Design/methodology/approachThe mathematical model incorporates the Darcy-Forchheimer-Brinkmann model and considers thermal radiation in the energy balance equation. The complete mathematical model has been numerically simulated through the penalty finite element approach at varying values of flow parameters, such as Rayleigh number (Ra), Hartmann number (Ha), Darcy number (Da), radiation parameter (Rd) and porosity value (e). Furthermore, the graphical results for energy variation have been monitored through the energy-flux vector, whereas the entropy generation along with its individual components, namely, entropy generation due to heat transfer, fluid friction and magnetic field, are also presented. Furthermore, the results of the Bejan number for each component are also discussed in detail. Additionally, the concept of ecological coefficient of performance (ECOP) has also been included to analyse the thermal efficiency of the model.FindingsThe graphical analysis of results indicates that higher values of Ra, Da, e and Rd enhance the convective heat transport and entropy generation phenomena more rapidly. However, increasing Ha values have a detrimental effect due to the increasing impact of magnetic forces. Furthermore, the ECOP result suggests that the rising value of Da, e and Rd at smaller Ra show a maximum thermal efficiency of the mathematical model, which further declines as the Ra increases. Conversely, the thermal efficiency of the model improves with increasing Ha value, showing an opposite trend in ECOP.Practical implicationsSuch complex porous enclosures have practical applications in engineering and science, including areas like solar power collectors, heat exchangers and electronic equipment. Furthermore, the present study of entropy generation would play a vital role in optimizing system performance, improving energy efficiency and promoting sustainable engineering practices during the natural convection process.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first ever attempted detailed investigation of heat transfer and entropy generation phenomena flow parameter ranges in an inverted T-shaped porous enclosure under a uniform magnetic field and thermal radiation.

Evaluation of the results of complex medical rehabilitation of patients with polyposis rhinosinusitis in the long-term period

BACKGROUND: Previous studies on the comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of the course application of therapeutic physical factors during the complex medical rehabilitation of patients with polypous rhinosinusitis showed a rather high efficiency of the additional use of complex physiotherapy (alternating magnetic field and low-intensity laser therapy) in enhancing the regression of the main clinical manifestations of polypous rhinosinusitis and improving the quality of life (QoL) of patients. Considering the chronic and often recurrent nature of polypous rhinosinusitis, along with the relief of the main clinical manifestations of the disease and improvement in the quality of life of patients after treatment, medical rehabilitation of patients should also cover the long-term period.
 AIM: Evaluation of the results of complex medical rehabilitation of patients with polyposis rhinosinusitis in the long-term period (after 6, 12 and 18 months) and determination of the optimal time parameters for a repeated course of physiotherapy aimed at maintaining the achieved clinical effect and the level of quality of life of patients.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was performed with the participation of 120 patients with moderate to severe polypous rhinosinusitis and uncontrolled course. All patients were divided into 4 groups by simple fixed randomization. The first group (control, 30 patients) received only basic therapy, including endonasal application of Nasonex 2 doses 2 times a day and daily twice daily lavage of the nasal mucosa. Patients of the second group (comparison group 1, 30 patients) were additionally injected subcutaneously with dupilumab at a dose of 300 μg once every two weeks. In the third group (comparison group 2, 30 patients), against the background of the administration of dupilumab, exposure to an alternating magnetic field was performed. using the apparatus MAGNIT Med TeCo. Patients of the fourth group (main group, 30 patients), in addition to the volume of treatment of patients of the third group, received low-intensity laser radiation of the red spectrum (633 nm) using the AZOR-2K-02 apparatus.
 RESULTS: Positive dynamics in terms of assessed clinical indicators throughout the entire observation period was noted only in the comparison groups and the main group. The maximum severity of positive changes was determined in the main group after 6 and 12 months of rehabilitation, exceeding the achieved values in the group with dupilumab. The follow-up period made it possible to establish that 18 months after the start of rehabilitation, there were no significant differences between these groups. The dynamics of the parameters of the microcirculatory tissue system in the comparison groups and the main group in the long-term period indicated the formation of compensatory-adaptive processes aimed at eliminating congestion in the nasal mucosa and associated hypoxia, as well as the normalization of oxygen metabolism and trophism of tissues prone to chronic inflammation.
 CONCLUSION: The results obtained convincingly prove the effectiveness of additional course use of an alternating magnetic field in combination with low-intensity laser therapy. The use of this technology, implemented against the background of ongoing biological therapy, shows its increased efficiency up to 12 months after the start of medical rehabilitation. It is advisable to conduct a second course of physiotherapy based on the complex use of an alternating magnetic field and low-intensity laser radiation 9–12 months after the start of medical rehabilitation.

Wind farm noise prediction and auralization

This work presents the application and validation of a novel auralization approach for the evaluation of wind turbine noise annoyance under diverse conditions. The approach is based on the decomposition of each turbine blade into elementary short-segment sources, whose acoustic radiation in the far field is obtained by coupling Amiet’s emission model with the Harmonoise engineering model for outdoor sound propagation. The transfer functions between the elementary source positions and receivers are obtained. Then, the average and instantaneous sound pressure levels are calculated over one blade rotation. The realism of the audio signals is evaluated through listening tests with audio signals of the real and simulated environments. The predicted noise spectra from five wind turbines capture well the measured trends and the absolute levels. Finally, we present a study of the weather effects on noise emissions and propagation by using the numerical model developed.

Examinations of viscous dissipation, magnetic field and thermal radiation on the systematic flow of Casson fluid with gyrotactic microorganisms

Examinations of viscous dissipation, magnetic field and thermal radiation on the systematic flow of Casson fluid with gyrotactic microorganisms

Comparison of the Cytogenetic Effects of a Pulsed Magnetic Field and Gamma Radiation on Meristem Cells of Onion Seed Sprouts (Allium cepa L.)

Comparison of the Cytogenetic Effects of a Pulsed Magnetic Field and Gamma Radiation on Meristem Cells of Onion Seed Sprouts (Allium cepa L.)

Effect of 2850MHz electromagnetic field radiation on the early growth, antioxidant activity, and secondary metabolite profile of red and green cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.).

The proliferation of wireless and other telecommunications equipment brought about by technological advances in the communication industry has substantially increased the radiofrequency radiation levels in the environment. The emphasis is, therefore, placed on investigating the potential impacts of radiofrequency radiation on biota. In this work, the impact of 2850MHz electromagnetic field radiation (EMF-r) on early development, photosynthetic pigments, and the metabolic profile of two Brassicaoleracea L. cultivars (red and green cabbage) was studied. On a daily basis for seven days, seedlings were exposed to homogeneous EMF-r for one, two, and four hours, and observations were carried out at 0-h, 1-h, and 24-h following the final dose. Irrespective of the duration of harvest, exposure to EMF-r resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in both root (from 6.3 cm to4.0cm in red; 6.1 cmto3.8cm in green) and shoot lengths (from 5.3 cm to⁓3.1cm in red; 5.1cm to3.1cm in green), as well as a decrease in biomass (from 2.9 mg to⁓1.1mg in red; 2.5 to0.9mg in green) of the seedlings when compared to control samples. Likewise, the chlorophyll (from 6.09 to⁓4.94mgg-1 d.wt in red; 7.37 to6.05mgg-1 d.wt. in green) and carotenoid (from 1.49 to1.19mgg-1 d.wt. in red; 1.14 to0.51mgg-1 d.wt. in green) contents of both cultivars decreased significantly when compared to the control. Additionally, the contents of phenolic (28.99‒45.52mg GAE g-1 in red; 25.49‒33.76mg GAE g-1 in green), flavonoid (21.7‒31.8mg QE g-1 in red; 12.1‒19.0mg QE g-1 in green), and anthocyanin (28.8‒43.6mg per 100g d.wt. in red; 1.1‒2.6mg per 100g d.wt. in green) in both red and green cabbage increased with exposure duration. EMF-r produced oxidative stress in the exposed samples of both cabbage cultivars, as demonstrated by dose-dependent increases in the total antioxidant activity (1.33‒2.58mM AAE in red; 1.29‒2.22mM AAE in green), DPPH activity (12.96‒78.33% in red; 9.62‒67.73% in green), H2O2 content (20.0‒77.15nMg-1 f.wt.in red; 14.28‒64.29nMg-1 f.wt. in green), and MDA content (0.20‒0.61nMg-1 f.wt. in red; 0.18‒0.51nMg-1 f.wt. in green) compared to their control counterparts. The activity of antioxidant enzymes, i.e., superoxide dismutases (3.83‒8.10 EU mg-1 protein in red; 4.19‒7.35 EU mg-1 protein in green), catalases (1.81‒7.44 EU mg-1 protein in red; 1.04‒6.24 EU mg-1 protein in green), and guaiacol peroxidases (14.37‒47.85 EU mg-1 protein in red; 12.30‒42.79 EU mg-1 protein in green), increased significantly compared to their control counterparts. The number of polyphenols in unexposed and EMF-r exposed samples of red cabbage was significantly different. The study concludes that exposure to 2850MHz EMF-r affects the early development of cabbage seedlings, modifies their photosynthetic pigments, alters polyphenol content,and impairs their oxidative metabolism.

Optimal conversion coefficient from easily measurable dose to effective dose with consideration to radiation quality for posterior–anterior chest radiography

Effective dose is sometimes used to compare medical radiation exposure to patients and natural radiation for providing explanations about radiation exposure to patients, but its calculation is lengthy and requires dedicated measuring devices. The purpose of this study was to identify the most suitable conversion coefficient for conversion of easily measurable dose to effective dose in posterior–anterior chest radiography, and to evaluate its accuracy by direct measurement. We constructed an examination environment using Monte Carlo simulation, and evaluated the variation in conversion coefficients from incident air kerma (IAK), entrance-surface air kerma (ESAK), and air kerma-area product (KAP) to effective dose when the irradiation field size and radiation quality were changed. Effective doses were also measured directly using thermoluminescence dosimeters and compared with the effective dose obtained from conversion coefficients. The KAP conversion coefficient most effectively suppressed the effect of irradiation field size, and was then used to set conversion coefficients for various half-value layers. The optimal conversion coefficient was 0.00023 [mSv/(mGy·cm2)] at 120 kVp (half-value layer = 5.5 mmAl). Evaluation of the direct measurements obtained with various radiation qualities revealed that the accuracy of the conversion coefficient was maintained at ≤ 11%. The proposed conversion coefficient can be easily calculated even in facilities that do not have equipment for measuring effective dose, and might enable the use of effective dose for providing explanations about radiation exposure to patients.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of complex medical rehabilitation of patients with polyposis rhinosinusitis associated with atopic dermatitis using ICF

BACKGROUND: In medical rehabilitation of patients with polyposis rhinosinusitis, aimed at solving the urgent strategic task of public health care to achieve and maintain an optimal level of functioning of persons suffering from partial disability through the development of effective methods of restoration of impaired functions and prevention of complications, there is a need to adequately assess the effectiveness of the measures taken. In this regard, it should be noted that the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) serves as the gold standard for assessing the patient's quality of life and the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures. The category of human functioning acts as a system-forming basis and starting point of the patient's rehabilitation process in the ICF. In practice, the ICF is based on the biopsychosocial model of health (disease) assessment, which considers psychological and social factors of health (disease) and biological disorders in close interrelated unity. AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of complex medical rehabilitation of patients with polyposis rhinosinusitis associated with atopic dermatitis using dynamic changes in the main domains of the ICF. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was performed with 89 patients with polyposis rhinosinusitis associated with atopic dermatitis. All patients were divided into 4 groups by simple fixed randomisation. The first group (control, n=22) received only basic therapy, including endonasal application of nasonex 2 doses 2 times a day, daily twice daily washing of the nasal mucosa, as well as the use of desensitising (antihistamines, topical glucocorticoids and moisturising and emollient agents) and detoxifying agents. Patients in the second group (comparison group 1, n=22) were additionally subcutaneously administered dupilumab at a dose of 300 mcg once a fortnight. In the third group (comparison group 2, n=23) against the background of dupilumab administration the combined effect of alternating magnetic field and low-intensity laser radiation of red spectrum was performed. Patients of the fourth group (the main group, n=22) received a course of phototherapy in addition to the scope of treatment of patients of the third group. The results of medical rehabilitation of patients with polyposis rhinosinusitis associated with atopic dermatitis were evaluated according to the dynamics of specialised categories of ICF, which most accurately characterise the patient's condition from the perspective of the biopsychosocial model of the disease. RESULTS: Changes in the estimated parameters of ICF at comparable initial values had different character and were determined by the scheme of medical rehabilitation. Minimal changes were recorded in the control group. The use of dupilumab was accompanied by positive dynamics of the parameters after 1 month with a significant increase in the shifts after 6 months, indicating the recovery of a number of mental and physical functions, as well as the ICF categories characterising the organism structures, activity and participation of the patient. Supplementation of biological therapy with course magnetolaser influence was accompanied by an increase in positive changes, which were confirmed in 6 months after rehabilitation. The maximum dynamics of the considered ICF categories was noted in the 4th group, where dupilumab administration was supplemented with complex use of therapeutic physical factors. CONCLUSION: The obtained results prove the high informativeness of the system approach realised with the help of ICF in assessing the effectiveness of medical rehabilitation measures. The comparative evaluation of rehabilitation results convincingly showed the advantages of the complex programme including dupilumab target therapy in combination with physiotherapeutic effects.

Graviton to Photon Conversion in Curved Space-Time and External Magnetic Field

The suppression of relic gravitational waves due to their conversion into electromagnetic radiation in a cosmological magnetic field is studied. The coupled system of equations describing gravitational and electromagnetic wave propagation in an arbitrary curved space-time and in external magnetic field is derived. The subsequent elimination of photons from the beam due to their interaction with the primary plasma is taken into account. The resulting system of equations is solved numerically in the Friedman–LeMaitre–Robertson–Walker metric for the upper limit of the intergalactic magnetic field strength of 1 nGs. We conclude that the gravitational wave conversion into photons in the intergalactic magnetic field cannot significantly change the amplitude of the relic gravitational wave and their frequency spectrum.

The effect of space charge neutralization on the parametric design of photon enhanced thermionic solar converters

Photon-enhanced thermionic emission (PETE) is a promising method for increasing current density at relatively low cathode temperatures, but is susceptible to the space charge effect. In this study, we propose a novel PETE device model in which the space-charge barrier is relaxed by photon-excited cesium ions. The decrease in maximum efficiency with interelectrode gap is more gradual compared to previous studies. We investigate the effects of cathode materials properties (band gap and electron affinity) and operating conditions (cathode temperature and interelectrode gap) on PETE performance, and identify optimal performance conditions. Our findings show that the optimal gap range exceeds 5 μm and near field radiation loss can be minimized, providing an important opportunity for designing PETE device with larger interelectrode gaps and higher solar flux concentrations.

ANALYSIS OF RESISTANCE OF CASSAVA TAPE BY EXPOSURE TO 1000 μT INTENSITY ELF MAGNETS

Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) electromagnetic waves are electromagnetic waves with a frequency range of 0 to 300 Hz. ELF electromagnetic wave radiation produces non-thermal effects on the biological objects used, meaning that it does not cause temperature changes when interacting with or inducing the system. Electromagnetic waves are waves that arise due to changes in electric fields and strong magnetic fields. This research aims to prove the effect of Extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic field on the food resilience process. The research method used is experimental research method. This research was carried out in the basic physics laboratory at the University of Jember. Data collection techniques using observation. Based on the research, it can be concluded that ELF magnetic field radiation has the potential as an alternative method in increasing the nutritional value and durability of fermented food ingredients. Exposure to Extremely Low Frequency magnets with an intensity of 1000 μT for 45 minutes resulted in changes in pH value and physical quality that affect food durability in cassava tape.

Duct Effects on Acoustic Source Radiation

This paper presents a detailed numerical investigation of the effects of a semi-infinite hard-walled duct on the radiation due to point dipole sources rotating around the duct axis. In particular, this study is concerned with the effect of source position relative to the duct open end and its comparison with radiation in a free field. This study was motivated by the increasing tendency of ducted propellers and fans to be located close to the open end, relative to the acoustic wavelength. In this study, the conditions under which duct effects on source radiation may be neglected are established.

Numerical study on heat and flow transfer of biomagnetic fluid with copper nanoparticles over a linear extended sheet under the influence of magnetic dipole and thermal radiation

A steady, two-dimensional flow of biomagnetic fluid namely blood flow with copper nanoparticles across a stretchable sheet that is affected by a strong magnetic field and thermal radiation is investigated in this study. Copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) were used for this study because of their important applicability in biomedical research. Thus, the properties of copper nanoparticles render it an antibacterial, antimicrobial, and anti-fungal material. Similarity substitutions were applied to reduce the nonlinear partial differential equations to ordinary differential equations. Utilizing the MATLAB R2018b software bvp4c function technique, the physical solution was established. This model's pertinent dimensions, such as the ferromagnetic parameter, the magnetic field parameter, the radiation parameter, the suction parameter, the ratio parameter, the slip parameter, and the Prandtl Number, were computationally and graphically inspected about the dimensionless velocity, temperature, skin friction, and heat transfer rate. One of the pivotal observations was that a rise in the ferromagnetic parameter and Prandtl number drops the temperature and velocity, correspondingly. A cross-case analysis with the outcome of other published research is also executed for divergent parameter values. Based on the investigations, copper nanoparticles may be advantageous for biomedical purposes and lessen the hemodynamics of stenosis. Owing to the research, copper nanoparticle-concentrated blood exhibits a reduced flow impedance and a larger temperature changeability compared to sheer blood.

Analysis of near field radiation among lithography-free metal-dielectric-metal perfect absorbers with a combined numerical method

An integrated analysis is developed to determine the far-field and near-field radiation of lithography-free metal-dielectric-metal (MIM) structures. Directional spectral emissivity determined with the integrated analysis shows good agreement with the directional spectral absorptivity from verified full wave simulation. With the integrated analysis, we identified that the condition of Fabry–Perot resonance used to design broadband wide-angle perfect light absorbers/emitters with MIM structures could trigger the waveguide modes of the dielectric layer. The waveguide modes can amplify the thermal electric field for photon tunneling between two MIM structures across a 100 nm level gap. Adding an additional pair of waveguides that can amplify evanescent waves in the gap formed with two MIM structures can further enhance the strength of photon tunneling. The enhanced photon tunneling shows high-intensity quasi-monochromatic near-field radiation in TM mode across a 100 nm gap at specific wavelengths. We expect even stronger photon tunneling for high-intensity quasi-monochromatic near field radiation across a more significant gap can occur when the MIM structure made with lower loss metal is combined with structures providing stronger amplification of evanescent wave.

Peristaltic pumping of convective nanofluid with magnetic field and thermal radiation in a porous channel

Nanofluids have captured the attention of scientists due to their superior thermophysical properties compared to ordinary liquids. Consequently, nanofluids serve as suitable cooling agents applicable to systems requiring swift response to thermal changes, such as vehicle engines. The primary objective of this article is to delve into recent advancements in peristaltic pumping of nanofluids for engineering processes, particularly focusing on porous asymmetric channels. The article comprehensively discusses the influence of magnetic and incorporating temperature-dependent viscosity. Furthermore, the energy equation addresses thermal radiation and Joule heating effects, while considering velocity slip and convective boundary constraints. The nanomaterials play vital role in enhancing heat transfer characteristics, thereby offering control over the system's temperature. The temperature demonstrates a decreasing trend with an increase in the thermal radiation process.

Discrimination of leucine and isoleucine via fragmentation by electromagnetic field.

We conduct comparative numerical studies of the effects of electric dipole field and electromagnetic radiation field on the amino acids leucine and isoleucine. Since they are structural isomers, distinguishing them by mass is a non-trivial task, while determination of protein structure can be crucial on many occasions. We emphasize the influence of the magnetic field of radiation by utilizing a modified basis sets with correction coefficients to the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] orbitals following the Anisotropic Gaussian Type Orbitals method. Studying the electric potential of the isomers in dipole electric or electromagnetic fields proves that the different layout of leucine vs isoleucine is the main reason why some fragments could not be formed during chemical bond cleavage. Comparison of the chemical structure of the fragments created due to the decomposition of the isomers in the dipole electric or electromagnetic fields shows that their decomposition products are different. These findings can be used also for discrimination between the two isoleucine conformers, for which the cleavage starts at different values of the dipole electric field strength, as well as the products of the decomposition reaction are not identical. Our numerical calculations of the fragmentation outcomes, taking into account the magnetic field effects, can serve as a guidance for discrimination between the isomers/conformers. We applied the Becke's three-parameter hybrid functional approach with non-local correlation by Lee, Yang, and Parr ([Formula: see text]), together with the [Formula: see text] basis set as it is implemented in the GAUSSIAN09 quantum chemistry package in order to obtain the most stable conformers of leucine and isoleucine. We used the options provided by GAUSSIAN09 to add finite external field in order to perform the calculations of leucine and isoleucine in the electric dipole and electromagnetic fields. The Anisotropic Gaussian Type Orbitals method was used to obtain the correction coefficients which modify the original [Formula: see text] basis set in order to account for the effects of magnetic field of radiation. Results were visualized and the electrical potentials analyzed by the Molden visualization program.

Magnetic feature and regression analysis of Reiner-Philippoff boundary layer flow

The design and optimization of magnetic fluid-based processes, such as magnetohydrodynamic power generation and magnetic drug targeting, have become significant in recent times. To understand the magnetic and radiation features, as well as the sensitivity of engineering physical quantities to each dimensionless parameter in fluid flow, the Reiner-Philippoff (RP) fluid is best suited in this instance, as it exhibits shear-thickening, shear-thinning, and Newtonian behavior. The non-similar transformation is used to transform the partial differential equations that describe the flow into two-variable differential equations. The transformed dynamical equations are solved numerically using a spectral-based numerical technique; namely, the bivariate simple iteration method (BSIM). The effects of magnetic field strength and radiation parameter on the stretching and shrinking sheets are examined. The investigation reveals that both the magnetic field strength and radiation parameter have a significant impact on the flow behavior and rate of heat transfer. For the radiation parameter R∈[0,0.5], the skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number increase by 22.6% and 5.98%, respectively. Additionally, an 100% increment in Prandtl parameter reduces the Nusselt number by 287.36%. Regression analysis is performed to identify the most significant parameter affecting the engineering quantities. The results show that the Bingham constant, γ, is the only parameter that is not significant on the skin friction coefficient, while all the parameters have significant impact on the Nusselt number. The findings in this study have important implications in the biomedical industry, the design of machines, and the fourth industrial revolution.