Human breast milk is a complex biological matrix that plays a central role in infant nutrition and development. It may also serve as a route of exposure to pharmaceutical residues following maternal drug use. Quantitative data on the transfer of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) into breast milk are essential to support their safe use during lactation, however, available analytical methods remain limited. This study reports the development and validation of a rapid and sensitive hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HILIC-ESI/MS) method for the simultaneous quantitation of tenoxicam, meloxicam, piroxicam, and the metabolite 5'-hydroxypiroxicam in human breast milk. Sample preparation involves simple protein precipitation procedure using only 25μL of human breast milk. Chromatographic separation is achieved within 8min. The method was validated over the range of 20 to 2000ngmL-1, with a limit of quantitation of 20ngmL-1 and correlation coefficients greater than 0.998. This is the first HILIC-ESI/MS method for the simultaneous quantitation of the targeted analytes in human breast milk. The validated HILIC-ESI/MS method was subsequently applied to screen breast milk samples collected from ten lactating women donating to a hospital milk bank. Although oxicam NSAIDs were not detected in this cohort, the method is well-suited for targeted screening of human milk in clinical or surveillance settings, including milk banks and pharmacovigilance studies.

A rapid method for quantitative analysis of traditional Chinese medicine activity: A case study on antioxidant activity of Gastrodia elata.

ABSTRACT This article aims to critically assess the perpetuation of racism and colonialism in university education, by developing a case study in international relation (IR) programmes. With a perspective rooted in a postcolonial analysis of colonial legacies in the IR system and a decolonial approach of pedagogy, I explore how IRs are taught in Belgium. I employ an interpretive approach using quantitative and qualitative methods, based on a content analysis of programmes and course materials. Findings suggest that both a decolonial approach of the discipline (decolonize the curriculum) and a decolonial approach of the classroom (decolonize pedagogy) are necessary. The commitment to creating an anti-racist space within the university necessarily leads us to go beyond the critical approach of the curriculum to develop a pedagogical approach challenging racial hierarchies inside the classroom itself. However, this commitment is challenged by the institutional settings of the university, an institution embedded in racial capitalism.

Feasibility of deep learning-based cancer detection in ultrasound microvascular images.

Establishment and application of six-plex fluorescent quantitative PCR assay for the detection of calf diarrhea pathogens.

Design and application of geopolymer adsorbents incorporating biomaterials and hybrid nanocomposites for high-efficiency wastewater remediation.

This study aims to analyze consumer preferences for parcel delivery services in Batam City, focusing on JNT Express, JNE, J&T Cargo, and SiCepat as the primary service choices. The research examines key factors influencing consumer decision-making and the impact of tax regulations on the distribution of goods from Batam. A quantitative method was employed by distributing an online questionnaire to 200 respondents who had used parcel delivery services and met the research criteria. The variables investigated include information, atmosphere, convenience, enjoyment, uncertainty, service, consumer attitude, and purchase intention, selected based on prior studies demonstrating their relevance in e-commerce and logistics contexts. The findings reveal that information, enjoyment, and service significantly influence consumer attitude, while atmosphere, convenience, and uncertainty show no significant effects. Consumer attitude is also proven to significantly affect purchase intention. SmartPLS analysis indicates that the data are free from Common Method Bias (CMB) and meet the required validity and reliability criteria, including outer loadings, AVE, Cronbach’s Alpha, and Composite Reliability. Despite a decline in parcel shipment volume from Batam over the past three years due to tax regulations, information availability and service quality remain the primary determinants of consumer purchase intention. These results highlight the need for delivery service providers to prioritize information accessibility, convenience, and service excellence to strengthen consumer attitudes and encourage purchase intention.

This study aims to analyze the influence of the work environment, work discipline, and work motivation on employee productivity at SMP Nasional Denpasar. The background of the study stems from the high level of employee absenteeism in 2024, which reflects weak human resource management. This condition not only disrupts organizational work stability but also directly impacts employee productivity, thus requiring an empirical study to identify the determining factors. The research approach uses a quantitative method with 49 respondents determined through saturated sampling. Data collection was carried out through observation and questionnaires with a Likert scale, and analyzed us-ing multiple linear regression with validity, reliability, and classical assumption tests. The results show that all three variables contribute to employee productivity. These find-ings provide empirical evidence for the development of human resource management in educational institutions.

Epistemic injustice in healthcare professional practice: A scoping review.

A quantitative interpretation method for leakage conditions based on Physics-Informed Neural Networks

Osteoporosis (OP) is characterised by loss of bone mineral density (BMD) and deterioration of trabecular microarchitecture, yet routine clinical imaging techniques remain limited in their ability to fully characterise bone microarchitecture. As new imaging technologies are developed, the potential for point of care bone assessment with both density and microarchitectural parameters of bone becomes a reality. Although advanced imaging modalities such as high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) offers improved sensitivity to bone structure, this is primarily focused on research settings. The development of higher resolution digital tomosynthesis (DT), required rethinking of phantoms, otherwise development and pre-clinical validation are constrained by the lack of reproducible, structure-controlled reference standards. In this study, we present a novel anthropomorphic bone phantom designed as a preclinical platform for calibration, benchmarking, and validation of bone imaging systems and quantitative analysis methods. The phantom integrates digital-twin trabecular models derived from micro-computed tomography (μ-CT), enabling parametric control of trabecular thickness and bone volume fraction to represent healthy and osteoporotic conditions. BMD is independently controlled using calibrated contrast agent (PVP-BaSO4), while moulded lean and adipose soft-tissue equivalents are incorporated to provide realistic X-ray attenuation for projection-based imaging. The phantoms were evaluated using multiple imaging modalities, including X-ray, DXA, pQCT, DT, and μCT, to verify their fidelity in reproducing both BMD and trabecular microstructural features. Imaging-derived parameters showed strong correlations with controlled variations in trabecular architecture and BMD, demonstrating the utility of the phantom as a source of controlled ground truth for cross-modality comparison. This reproducible platform enables systematic evaluation of imaging systems and facilitates early osteoporosis detection by bridging structure-density relationships. Our phantom serves as a valuable tool for preclinical diagnostic validation, imaging quality assurance, and the development of bone health biomarkers, thereby reducing reliance on animal or cadaveric studies.

Writing autonomy in digital environments: Comparison of middle school students' writing autonomy perceptions in print and digital environments.

A critical factor in promoting the high-value application of recycled asphalt mixtures (RAMs) is the quantitative characterization of the degree of blending (DOB) between virgin and aged asphalt, along with efficient improvement methods. This paper reviews recent advances in the quantification and improvement methods for the blending efficiency of virgin and aged asphalt in RAMs. It delves into asphalt extraction and tracing technologies, assessing the strengths and weaknesses of various tracers. The paper also provides a thorough overview of various quantitative characterization methods for the DOB at the macroscale, mesoscale, microscale, and molecular scale for quantifying the DOB at different scales. Furthermore, it proposes strategies to enhance the DOB by optimizing factors. Accurate asphalt extraction is essential for subsequent RAM investigations and deserves further survey. Selection of suitable tracer technology for determining the DOB is crucial to ensure their effectiveness and practical usability. Optimizing blending methods, including increasing blending temperature and time, significantly improves the DOB between virgin and aged asphalt. Techniques such as microwave and induction heating are highlighted for their ability to enhance asphalt fluidity and permeability, thus markedly boosting the DOB. This work offers valuable insights and guidance for developing high-performance RAM in sustainable pavement construction.

Establishment of a quantitative GC-MS method for acrylamide detection and in situ kinetic study of acrylamide formation in fried potato slices.

A multidimensional exploration of negative emotions during undergraduate thesis writing: Evidence from English majors in China.

A quantitative and direct evaluation method of walking environment using location-based big data

Analytical methods for quantitation of individual milk proteins

Companies legitimately attempt to lower their tax bills by exploiting tax loopholes; this is called tax avoidance. The purpose of this study is to examine how the Cash Effective Tax Rate (CETR) is affected by ROA, DER, and LN, in relation to tax avoidance. Agency theory, the basis of this study, states that managers tend to make decisions, including those related to corporate tax management, based on their own self-interest, rather than the interests of the owners. Using data from 112 observations from energy sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2021–2024, this study adopted a quantitative method with multiple linear regression. There is a negative correlation between tax avoidance and profitability, according to the study results. As profits increase, businesses are less likely to engage in tax avoidance strategies. This is in line with agency theory, which highlights the importance of reputation and owner influence on management. At the same time, there is no clear relationship between leverage and company size; this suggests that tax avoidance techniques by energy industry businesses are not always determined by their overall assets or debt levels.

Education quality improvement has become easier with technology integration, particularly in science education. The impact of ICT integration on learning of students, and the challenges of ICT usage while considering specifically the perceptions of teachers, the study analyzed impact of ICT at secondary level science classrooms of public schools in Panjgur District. A quantitative method with a descriptive survey design was utilized. A sample of fifty science teachers at secondary level was drawn to complete a structured questionnaire for collecting data on their perceptions of ICT integration, its impact on students’ learning, and its usage barriers. Using 3 as a neutral scale-value, the descriptive statistics and one-sample t-test were utilized. Positive perceptions of teachers concerning integration of ICT is encouraging. It was equally encouraging that teachers felt ICT has positive impact on students’ learning in terms of knowledge, engagement, and learning particularly in science. However substantial barriers: lack of resources, deficient training, intermittent & poor Internet, mechanical problems, and lack of support from management, were reported by the teachers regarding ICT integration. For all three variables, mean scores were above the neutral for the public schools, also test results were significant at 0.1% significance level.

This study aims to describe and analyze the effect of price and product quality on purchasing decisions of Erigo fashion products on the Shopee application, both partially and simultaneously. This research employed a survey approach using descriptive and quantitative methods. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 50 students of the Institut Bisnis dan Informatika Kosgoro 1957 and analyzed using SPSS version 26. The validity test results indicate that all questionnaire items have Corrected Item–Total Correlation (CITC) values above 0.30, while the reliability test results show that the Cronbach’s Alpha values for all variables are greater than 0.60, indicating that the research instruments are valid and reliable. Descriptive analysis results show that the price variable has the highest score of 211, reflected by the discount or promotion dimension with the indicator of discounted price and promotion. The product quality variable also records the highest score of 211, reflected by the feature dimension with the indicator of features that facilitate ease of use, while the lowest score is found in the durability indicator at 181. For the purchasing decision variable, the highest score of 218 is reflected by the information search dimension with the indicator of pre-purchase information-seeking activity. Hypothesis testing results reveal that price has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, as indicated by a t-value of 6.099, which is greater than the t-table value of 2.012. Product quality also shows a positive and significant effect with a t-value of 2.256, which is greater than the t-table value of 2.012. Simultaneously, price and product quality have a significant effect on purchasing decisions, as indicated by an F-value of 112.410, which is greater than the F-table value of 3.20, and a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.845, meaning that 84.5% of the variation in purchasing decisions can be explained by price and product quality. Therefore, the purchasing decisions of students toward Erigo products on Shopee are primarily influenced by competitive pricing through promotional programs and product quality reflected in ease-of-use features, although product durability still needs improvement.