Ag+ modified paper-based SERS combined with SiPLS for quantitative detection of soluble As3+ in aqueous realgar solutions.

NIR and MIR spectroscopy to predict quality parameters in pink pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) by chemometrics.

Selective electrochemical detection of cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) at molecular-imprinted mesoporous Pt-Ir surfaces.

Ultrasound-assisted gram-scale synthesis of nano-tubular ag-MOF and its hybridization with yellow/green carbon quantum dots: membrane-based turn-on fluorescence recognition for procaterol.

A sensitive LC-MS/MS method was developed for detecting Magnolia officinalis extracts, targeting magnolol, honokiol, magnoflorine and magnocurarine in complex cosmetic matrices, meeting the growing industry demand for reliable quality control solutions amidst the expanding applications of the extracts. Method optimization systematically addressed matrix effects and sample preparation, supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which provided molecular-level insights into the analyte behavior. Validation confirmed a high extraction recovery of 90.7-106.2%, a low detection limit of 0.15 mg kg-1, excellent linearity with R2 ≥ 0.9994 over 0.5-10 mg kg-1, and precise and accurate intra- and inter-day results with an RSD ≤ 4.15% and accuracies of 90.6-106.3%. This method demonstrated reliability for quality control through its application in spiked creams, aqueous solutions, masks, and oils, concurrently verifying label claims for functional phenolics regarding content and composition and screening for prohibited/restricted alkaloid-substances, demonstrating its dual utility in quality assurance and regulatory compliance.

The objective of this study was to investigate associations between age at SSc onset and serologic, clinical, and proteomic characteristics in the Renji Scleroderma Longitudinal Cohort (Renji-SLOC). We analysed 390 SSc patients from the prospective Renji-SLOC cohort, stratified by onset age: early-onset (<40 years, n = 73), standard-onset (40-60 years, n = 219) and late-onset (>60 years, n = 98). Baseline serologic/clinical data were compared. Plasma proteomic profiling was performed for 131 patients. Early- and late-onset groups had higher percentages of dcSSc (early-onset SSc 42.5% vs standard-onset SSc 23.3% vs late-onset SSc 36.7%, P = 0.002) and elevated modified Rodnan Skin Score (mRSS) [early-onset SSc 7.0 (9.0) vs standard-onset SSc 4.0 (6.0) vs late-onset SSc 6.0 (14.0), P = 0.002]. Early-onset patients showed increased risks of severe skin involvement (mRSS > 7: OR = 2.34, P = 0.005) and interstitial lung disease (ILD) (OR = 2.35, P = 0.005). Late-onset patients had higher cardiopulmonary (ILD: OR = 1.93, P = 0.016; pulmonary arterial hypertension: OR = 3.46, P < 0.001; diastolic dysfunction: OR = 3.11, P < 0.001), gastrointestinal (weight loss: OR = 2.67, P = 0.043), and joint involvement risks (OR = 1.68, P = 0.038). No progression differences were observed during the median follow-up period of 15 months. Proteomic analysis of 131 patients detected a total of 909 proteins following quality control, with early-onset patients showing 20 upregulated proteins linked to severe cutaneous involvement and pulmonary fibrosis, while late-onset patients exhibited 90 upregulated proteins enriched in extracellular matrix-associated proteins, ILD-related biomarkers and SSc progression and complication markers. Non-standard onset age predicts distinct organ-specific risks in SSc. Early-onset patients require prioritizing of cutaneous and pulmonary monitoring, while late-onset patients require vigilance for cardiopulmonary and gastrointestinal complications. Proteomic signatures mechanistically underlie this phenotypic heterogeneity. Patients with non-standard onset age require enhanced surveillance for organ-specific manifestations.

ABSTRACT Cells maintain organelle integrity and metabolic balance through tightly coordinated quality control systems. Autophagy plays a central role by recycling damaged and unnecessary cellular components, with selective pathways providing specificity through dedicated receptors. Although OPTN is well-established as a receptor for mitophagy, aggrephagy, and xenophagy, its role in pexophagy, the selective autophagic degradation of peroxisomes, has only recently been recognized. Our recent work identifies the peroxisomal membrane protein PEX14 as a critical docking platform for OPTN, enabling recruitment of autophagic machinery and initiation of pexophagy. How PEX14 engages OPTN, what triggers this interaction, and how it drives the autophagic engulfment of peroxisomes remain unclear. In this punctum, we contextualize our findings and highlight unresolved questions that must be addressed to understand the physiological and pathological relevance of this process.

Danshen-Honghua herb pair: A review on chemical constituents, pharmacology, clinical application, quality control, and t-copula function analysis.

Within a three-level engineering supply chain that includes the owner, general contractor, and subcontractor, the optimal quality control strategy of the owner under symmetric, asymmetric, and incomplete information was studied. Using the quality control level of the general contractor and subcontractors, as well as the quality supervision level of the general contractor, and the quality supervision level of the owner as decision variables, and the cost function of each party as a quadratic function, the optimal quality control strategy of the owner under symmetric and asymmetric information is derived based on the maximum value method and Lagrange multiplier method. Under incomplete information, the optimal quality control strategy of the owner is derived when the probability density function of the general contractor's quality control level and quality supervision level follows a triangular distribution. Through simulation calculations, the results under different information conditions were analyzed.

Harnessing the application of artificial intelligence in identification of traditional Chinese medicines.

Miniaturized mass spectrometry has emerged as a powerful analytical technique characterized by its portability, rapid analysis capability, and operational simplicity, making it particularly suitable for on-site detection across various fields. However, the accurate quantitative determination of multiple compounds in complex matrices remains challenging due to factors such as competitive ionization and limited ion storage capacity. In this study, a time-resolved thermal desorption continuous atmospheric pressure interface ion trap mass spectrometer (TRTD-CAPI-ITMS) coupled with an acetone-assisted photoionization source was developed for simultaneous detection of multiple cooling agents for ensuring product safety and quality control. To evaluate the performance of the system, time-resolved thermal desorption curves of cooling agent mixtures with varying boiling points and concentrations were systematically investigated. The prominent signals of all the cooling agents could be observed simultaneously at a thermal desorption time of 2.0 seconds. However, a key challenge was identified during simultaneous quantitation: non-linear concentration-dependent signal responses were observed with increasing cooling agent concentrations. Competitive ionization between the target cooling agents was confirmed as the primary cause of this phenomenon. To address this issue, two critical parameter adjustments were implemented: (1) reducing the sample load to decrease the number of competing analyte components in the ionization region, and (2) elevating the concentration of acetone dimer reagent ions to ensure sufficient reagent ions for effective ionization of the target cooling agents. As a result, competitive ionization was eliminated, and good linear calibration curves were obtained for all four cooling agents, with all linear correlation coefficients (R2) exceeding 0.99. Finally, the TRTD-CAPI-ITMS was applied to the quantitative determination of cooling agents in commercial dentifrice samples, with whole detection time less than 4 minutes, demonstrating the potential of TRTD-CAPI-ITMS as a powerful tool for field detection of cooling agents in complex matrices, with broad applicability in quality control and safety assessment across relevant industries.

Ilex cornuta: A review of botany, quality control, phytochemistry, and multimodal pharmacological actions.

Approximately one-third of fresh food is wasted globally throughout the supply chain. Machine learning (ML), a key branch of artificial intelligence, enhances postharvest logistics and preservation of fresh food by enabling intelligent sensing, precise evaluation, and adaptive control. However, its application is challenged by data standardization, sensor limitations, product variability, and limited model generalizability. This review summarizes current advanced ML applications in the food supply chain, emphasizing their transformative potential for quality control. We explore ML's ability to integrate multi-omics data for deeper insights into molecular changes during transportation and storage, enabling the development and evaluation of management strategies. Practical applications in grading, sensor technology, and intelligent preservation materials are also evaluated. ML models, such as support vector machine (SVM) and convolutional neural network (CNN), enhance precise grading and quality prediction by analyzing sensory attributes and chemical composition. By capturing complex molecular interactions, ML enables innovative sensor surface design with enhanced sensitivity and specificity. ML-driven sensors further support real-time environmental monitoring, while intelligent packaging materials powered by ML maintain freshness and reduce spoilage through adaptive responses to internal conditions. To ensure model robustness and generalizability, appropriate validation strategies such as cross-validation and external validation are essential. Despite its substantial potential, the widespread adoption of ML still faces challenges, including limited varietal and regional generalization, decision-making transparency, computational demands, limited data availability, and algorithm selection. Addressing these issues is critical for achieving effective and sustainable ML integration in postharvest quality control systems.

From chemical profiling to bioactivity: Integrating spectrum-effect relationship and activity validation to discover anti-inflammatory markers in Wuwei Qingzhuo Pill.

Raman spectroscopy was applied to monitor polymerization, verify quality control, and analyze additive distribution in styrene-divinylbenzene (Sty-DVB) based proppants. The method relies on C=C vibrational markers to follow monomer consumption, crosslinking, and additive incorporation. Quality control included quantifying vinyl, cis, and trans C=C in polybutadiene (PB) modifiers and the ethyl-vinyl benzene (EVB) content in DVB crosslinkers. EVB content by Raman showed excellent agreement with independent carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (¹³C-NMR) measurements. Styrene copolymerization with DVB was tracked in real time using a fiber-optic Raman probe in a temperature-controlled microreactor. DVB accelerates styrene consumption due to its higher reactivity and radical stabilization. PB additives do not affect overall polymerization kinetics. In terms of additives, Raman calibration confirms that PB double bonds remain largely unreacted, consistent with limited copolymerization and phase separation. Polyphenylene oxide (PPO) slows down Sty polymerization while Raman mapping demonstrates its homogeneous dispersion within the matrix, validating its incorporation and expected impact on material properties. Overall, Raman spectroscopy provides a direct, non-invasive, and scalable approach to monitor polymerization and verify additive distribution, establishing it as a practical tool for process optimization in Sty-DVB proppant formulations.

Isoelectric point determination by icIEF as quality control for structural and functional characterization of HPV16 virus-like particles.

Consciousness: The control of quality

With the advancement of minimally invasive surgery and anesthesiology, ambulatory surgery has become a pivotal model for enhancing healthcare efficiency and optimizing resource allocation. This guideline seeks to establish a systematic, operable, and standardized framework for implementing ambulatory surgery in pediatric otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery across healthcare institutions in China. Formulated based on evidence-based medicine principles and integrating the latest literature and multidisciplinary expert consensus, it provides detailed recommendations pertaining to organizational structure, hardware configuration, information system development, multidisciplinary team building, patient and procedure selection criteria, perioperative process management, and quality control. The primary objectives are to ensure surgical safety and quality, and to promote the standardized and sustainable development of ambulatory surgery within this pediatric subspecialty.

Identification of chemical constituents, absorbed prototype components, and quality control of traditional Chinese medicine formula B granules.

Analysis of different cultivars and origins of Chinese cigar tobacco leaves based on headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry combined with multivariate statistical methods.