Intergenerational diabetes occurs when multiple members across successive generations in one family develop Type 2 diabetes due to shared genetic and environmental factors. This research describes the experiences, beliefs, challenges, and barriers faced by Pacific families in New Zealand living with intergenerational diabetes. A qualitative multiple-case study was conducted with four Pacific families experiencing intergenerational diabetes. Two focus groups were run with three families, and one with the fourth. Data were recorded, transcribed, and analysed for each family case study, then a cross-case analysis was conducted using interpretive descriptive methodology. Nine individuals, aged 20-65years, representing four families of Tokelauan or Sāmoan heritage, each with three generations affected by diabetes, participated. Three major cross-case themes were identified. These were (a) Diabetes is ubiquitous; (b) The impact of diabetes on families; and (c) Responses to diabetes and its management. These interrelated themes describe factors that may perpetuate or moderate repeating cycles of diabetes across generations. Grandparents were motivated to manage their diabetes and wanted to protect the younger generations. Diabetes legacy stories, misunderstandings about diabetes, and the insidious nature of diabetes were identified as important areas for attention to reduce intergenerational diabetes. Multiple factors influence intergenerational diabetes. Findings underscore the importance of understanding and working in culturally safe ways with families' diabetes legacy stories, and of addressing misunderstandings about diabetes, particularly in the often invisible, early phases of the disease, to foster early engagement in diabetes care and interrupt the recurring cycle of diabetes.

Restrictive school phone policies are expected to positively influence adolescent in-school phone use and improve pupil wellbeing. However, there is a lack of research that explains how school phone policies impact on phone use and wellbeing. This qualitative comparative case study aimed to provide such explanatory data. Data were collected from 40 focus group interviews in 7 case study secondary schools in England (4 with permissive phone policies; 3 with restrictive phone policies), with 177 pupil, parent and school staff participants. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Data show that both restrictive and permissive phone polices have positive and negative impacts on pupil wellbeing. School policies influenced aspects of wellbeing related to health, connectedness, learning, agency and resilience, and the development of safe and supportive environments. Impacts of policies on wellbeing were further shaped by contextual factors. This study presents a conceptual model to inform future research, policy, and practice concerning the ways in which phones-and school phone policies-may shape adolescent wellbeing. The findings underscore that interventions targeting phone use should be integrated within broader, holistic approaches to supporting adolescent wellbeing that operate across both school and out-of-school environments.

Making shared care work: A national qualitative case study on collaborative practice in pediatric oncology

Death is a universal phenomenon influenced by cultural, social and religious factors. Despite its relevance to medical practice, geriatric residents often lack formal education on how to support patients in the dying process. A qualitative case study design was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Bogotá, Colombia. Twelve first and final-year medical residents were interviewed. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed through triangulation with theoretical references and curricular documents from the geriatric residency programme. Training in 'good dying' was found to be variable, encompassing four core components (symptom control, communication, bioethics and psychosocial support). Key learning strategies identified included theoretical review, artistic representation, role-playing and reflection spaces. Teaching was strongly influenced by modulating factors such as the role models provided by faculty and senior residents and the deficiency of an explicit curriculum. Near-peer learning and faculty role modelling emerged as central influences shaping residents' approaches to death and good dying, often outweighing formal curricular content. Training in good dying within geriatric residency was characterised by reliance on experiential and relational learning, with senior residents acting as key mediators of the hidden curriculum. Making these educational mechanisms explicit may support more coherent and intentional approaches to end-of-life training. The explicit inclusion of promoting good dying in the academic curriculum is recommended. This would improve student training, optimise learning outcomes and ensure more comprehensive and humane care for patients at the end of life.

• Addresses the case of a pilot project of autonomous buses in the Arctic • Theoretical basis is an extension of the Unified Theory of Acceptance (UTAUT2) • Informants prefer a human driver but are intrigued by autonomous navigation • Can be accepted by citizens, and knowledge and experience can reduce scepticism • Safety under winter conditions is of particular importance for the Arctic context The development of autonomous public transport has gained increasing attention, with user acceptance emerging as a critical factor for successful implementation. While existing studies have largely examined determinants such as safety, perceived usefulness, and demographic factors, they remain dominated by technology-oriented and model-driven approaches, often overlooking contextual influences. This gap is explored by focusing on how the Arctic context shapes citizens’ perceptions and acceptance of autonomous public transport. Drawing on the extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) and a qualitative case study of autonomous bus trials in Bodø, Northern Norway — the first above the Arctic Circle — our findings reveal that Arctic conditions fundamentally reframe key acceptance constructs to consider. Citizens assess autonomous transport through reliability, local maintenance, and human oversight, while real-world exposure transforms abstract fears into tangible concerns. With these findings, the study contributes to existing literature by contextualizing UTAUT2 and broadens the understanding of socio-technical acceptance in extreme environments. Awareness of these factors can aid policymakers in successfully implementing autonomous buses as part of the transport system with particular attention to the context.

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) in gastronomy education

Adapting the WHO MPOWER framework for E-cigarettes: Qualitative insights from South Korea.

Navigating the complexities of a virtual exchange with young language learners: Insights into language teacher agency through the lens of ecological systems theory

While extensive research has examined factors influencing dietary behavior change, relatively little is known about what supports individuals in successfully maintaining such changes. Ramadan fasting (RF) provides a unique context to explore both context-specific and transferable factors underlying successful short-term dietary behavior change, as many individuals are expected to complete the full one-month fasting period. The current qualitative study aimed to identify the primary and secondary drivers of successful short-term dietary behavior change by examining the subjectively experienced motivations, barriers, and coping strategies among adults engaging in RF. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 adults at three time points: before, during, and at the end of Ramadan. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis and interpreted through the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behavior (COM-B) model. Six overarching themes emerged: (1) Religion and Spirituality, (2) Social-Structural-Related Factors, (3) Physical and Mental Sensations, (4) Capability, (5) Food-Related Factors, and (6) Health and Weight Management. Findings revealed that adherence was primarily driven by religious obligation, spiritual meaning, and collective participation, factors unique to the Ramadan context, while capability, social support, self-regulation, and habit formation emerged as secondary, transferable drivers that supported maintenance and may extend to other dietary contexts. Successful behavior change resulted from the dynamic interaction of motivation, opportunity, and capability. These findings suggest that interventions aiming to promote sustained dietary change may benefit from aligning behavioral goals with individuals' core values, fostering social reinforcement, and supporting habit development through repeated practice.

This paper explores the dynamics of governance that underpin the survival of developed-context-informed digital platforms in contexts characterized by underdeveloped markets and informality. We argue that despite considerable research into various governance strategies that digital platform firms (DPFs) adopt to address formal institutional and market voids, there remains limited understanding of how DPFs respond to the constraining realities of informality in underdeveloped markets. We fill this lacuna by undertaking a qualitative case study of a ridesharing platform in a context fraught with market voids and informal practices that do not comply with the governing rules of the platform, yet are socially legitimized. Our findings reveal that governance in such contexts adaptively emerges from attending to and learning from the unfolding micro activities and behaviors of platform participants, which are enacted through the dynamic interplay of digital (changes involving the digital platform architecture) and nondigital (changes involving relational arrangements) responses. We discuss the implications of our findings for the theory and evolving discourse on digital platform governance.

Barriers to sustainable rural electrification: A PESTEL-based qualitative case study of Mae Hong Son Province, Thailand

The European Data Space for Smart Communities (DS4SSCC) is a flagship initiative demonstrating how interoperable, cross-domain data infrastructures can drive smart city transformation in Europe. Yet achieving interoperability across legal, organisational, semantic, and technical layers remains difficult for local governments constrained by legacy systems, rigid procurement, and fragmented ICT landscapes. This paper examines how interoperability is operationalised within DS4SSCC through the Minimal Interoperability Mechanisms (MIMs) Plus framework. Using a qualitative case study approach— combining document analysis, stakeholder survey data, and workshop insights from the DS4SSCC Preparatory Action—the study analyses how governance structures, technical standards, and procurement mechanisms interact to enable cross-domain collaboration. The findings identify five key enablers of interoperability-by-design: modular data architectures, shared governance, lightweight semantic alignment, interoperability clauses in procurement, and capacity building. Foundational MIMs (Accessing, Representing, Interlinking, Securing, and Sharing Data) underpin DS4SSCC’s core building blocks, while application-specific MIMs (Personal Data, Geospatial, Interoperable AI, and Local Digital Twin) support more complex, cross-domain use cases. Persistent challenges include uneven capacity, vendor lock-in, and variable conformance maturity. The paper concludes that MIMs Plus translates the four layers of the European Interoperability Framework into actionable mechanisms, positioning interoperability as a continuous governance capability essential for scalable and trustworthy data spaces.

This study investigates how digital technologies (DTs) enable knowledge management (KM) practices for meso-level decision-making in public healthcare systems. It examines how a regional disease registry contributes to the intellectual capital (IC) life cycle within a complex inter-organisational environment. A longitudinal qualitative case study methodology was employed, focusing on a regional antidotes reference centre in Northern Italy. Data were gathered across two waves of semi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals between 2020 and 2025. The analysis demonstrates that the registry functions as a meso-level coordination mechanism, converting clinical data into structural capital to expedite cross-organisational decision-making. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the registry bolstered relational capital through enhanced inter-institutional collaboration and resource optimisation. Furthermore, human capital was essential in mitigating emerging clinical threats, such as new psychoactive substances, by codifying tacit expertise into formal protocols. Conversely, organisational barriers and confidentiality restrictions impede optimal knowledge flows and IC evolution. Healthcare networks may enhance performance by implementing digital infrastructures that support the KM cycle while proactively addressing institutional barriers to knowledge utilisation. This study provides empirical evidence of how DTs operationalise KM to reinforce meso-level IC. It underscores the strategic importance of disease registries as digital catalysts for knowledge-based resilience in fragmented healthcare ecosystems.

Black maternal filicide is a rare but devastating form of family violence that remains poorly understood within women's mental health research. Existing scholarship has often emphasized individual psychiatric pathology while paying less attention to the structural conditions that shape maternal psychological distress, access to care, and opportunities for prevention. This study advances a structural psychological analysis of Black maternal filicide, examining how structural adversity contributes to severe mental health crises. Using a qualitative comparative case study design, we examined four highly publicized cases of Black maternal filicide in the United States between 2011 and 2022. Data were drawn from publicly available court records, media reporting, and psychological evaluations where available. Guided by structural determinants of health, structural violence, Black feminist thought, and reproductive justice frameworks, we conducted a cross-case thematic analysis examining maternal psychological symptoms, institutional responses, and post-event narratives. Four interrelated themes emerged: severe psychological distress including depression, dissociation, and psychosis occurring without sustained access to mental health care; socioeconomic precarity, particularly housing instability, that intensified maternal stress; institutional surveillance without meaningful support across child welfare, housing, and mental health systems; and racialized media and legal responses that prioritized punishment over prevention. Across cases, maternal psychological crises unfolded within conditions of cumulative structural adversity and chronic trauma. These findings suggest that maternal filicide in these cases cannot be understood solely as individual pathology but must also be examined within broader structural environments that shape maternal mental health. Addressing maternal psychological distress requires structural interventions that expand access to mental health care, reduce socioeconomic precarity, and shift institutional responses from surveillance to prevention.

This study aims to explore how Indonesian EFL university students use Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools to support their undergraduate thesis writing, why they use those tools, and the AI-use policies they expect to have in their thesis writing process. To achieve these goals, the researcher conducted a qualitative case study involving five female EFL undergraduate students who were in the process of completing their theses at an English Education Program at a private university in Indonesia. Research data were collected through an in-depth semi-structured interview, supported by the students’ thesis draft to help them recall their thesis writing experiences. The researcher considered four rigor standards for qualitative studies: credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability to ensure the quality of the research findings. The inductive data analysis results revealed that students used four AI tools; ChatGPT, DeepL, Grammarly, and Quillbot in their thesis writing process to help them paraphrase, generate writing ideas, translate words and sentences, and select appropriate vocabulary. These tools were used because the students believed they might help enhance the quality of their writing, write faster, and increase their confidence in writing their thesis. At the same time, the students were also aware of the risks of being too dependent on AI tools and the inaccuracy of AI-generated texts and suggestions, which encouraged them to verify the AI outputs before incorporating them into their thesis. Practical implications for EFL lecturers who are supervising thesis students and directions for future research were presented.

Decision-making in humanitarian crises is rarely based on evidence and often constrained by uncertainty. Humanitarian health organisations such as the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) operate in conflict settings, characterised by multi-layered, complex crises. Understanding how their decision-making processes influence the continuity of humanitarian health operations can provide insight to inform the development of resilience-oriented interventions in these contexts. We conducted a qualitative case study on the ICRC health operations in Lebanon, with the objective of exploring the elements shaping decision-making, and understanding how different organisational factors influenced absorptive, adaptive, and transformative capacities in response to disruptive events in a hospital programme. Twenty semi-structured interviews were conducted with ICRC decision-makers. Data were analysed through qualitative content analysis. Three themes emerged, describing how decisions were shaped by people and the trust they were able to develop in internal and external relationships; political considerations often overriding public health priorities; and unresolved tensions around the institutional identity and mandate. Resilience capacities were sustained by different factors. Absorptive capacities were primarily sustained by the availability of material resources, as well as operational contingency plans allowing for flexibility in their allocation. Adaptive capacities were strengthened by cohesive social networks among committed team members. Transformative capacities were limited, promoted by the ability to innovate while at the same time constrained by a rigid organisational culture. Our findings suggest that health governance and local leadership need to be strengthened to enable transformative capacities within humanitarian organisations. Through this, accountability and legitimacy can be enhanced, especially amid growing critiques and dramatically contracting funding.

This study explores participants' insight and understanding of mental illness and related issues through their participation in a reading intervention that is framed by a dialogic approach to mental health. A qualitative case study was conducted with 23 participants diagnosed with psychosis (six women and 17 men), divided into three groups. Each group participated in 18 sessions of dialogic reading over a period of 5 months, totaling 54 sessions. Data from session transcripts, in-depth group interviews, and focus groups were analyzed using thematic analysis to examine the emerging dialogue content and participants' perceptions of their experience. Findings indicate that participants engaged in deep reflection on past experiences related to their illness, substance use, and gambling. Through their engagement in the intervention, individuals were able to identify early signs of illness and reconsider potential contributing factors. Overall, the findings highlight the potential of dialogic spaces to foster insight and a more integrated self-concept, offering a valuable, participant-led tool for the narrative recovery of individuals with severe mental disorders. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Purpose The study analyses the dynamics of collaboration between research infrastructures (RIs) and industry through the lens of Open Innovation in Science. It aims to identify collaboration typologies, barriers and enablers, as well as the knowledge and technology transfer mechanisms that contribute to innovation outcomes. Design/methodology/approach The study adopts a two-stage qualitative research design. First, a scoping literature review was conducted to map the existing body of knowledge on RI–industry collaboration. Second, a qualitative case study was carried out to explore the dynamics of collaboration within ACTRIS, a pan-European RI in the environmental domain. The analysis drew on extensive secondary data, including EU project deliverables, policy documents and strategic reports. Findings Multiple collaboration models emerge across the RI lifecycle, supporting both scientific advancement and innovation. The findings highlight the centrality of open and FAIR data, standardized methodologies, access to state-of-the-art instrumentation as key enablers of collaboration. Intellectual property management and limited SME access underscore the need for more flexible and adaptive governance frameworks. Research limitations/implications The focus on a single case study and the reliance on secondary data limit the generalizability of the findings. Longitudinal and multi-case approaches based on primary data would provide a more comprehensive understanding of RI–industry collaboration across different stages of the research and innovation process. Practical implications Flexible governance frameworks are crucial for addressing the diverse needs of industrial partners. Strengthening user support systems, enhancing visibility through innovation portfolios, and supporting the intermediary role of research performing organizations can reduce access barriers – particularly for SMEs – and foster regional innovation ecosystems. Social implications This study highlights how RIs in the environmental domani play a pivotal role in tackling pressing societal challenges, including climate change and air quality. By fostering collaboration with industry and providing open access to high-quality data and advanced facilities, RIs support technological innovation and contribute to broader societal well-being. Originality/value This study provides a new analytical approach for examining cross-sector innovation. It sheds light on collaboration models, governance challenges, and innovation outcomes, advancing current understanding of how RIs function as open, mission-oriented innovation platforms.

ABSTRACT Artificial intelligence holds transformative potential for public services, yet its adoption in developing countries remains underexplored. This study examines AI adoption in Philippine public sector, addressing gaps in understanding challenges during later adoption stages in resource-constrained environments. Guided by the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework and Technology Affordances and Constraints Theory (TACT) and using a qualitative multiple case study based on semi-structured interviews with 10 key stakeholders from seven Philippine public sector AI projects, we analyze seven cases across the AI life cycle: design, development, and deployment. Findings reveal affordances and constraints influencing AI adoption in developing countries: strong leadership facilitates early design, but limited infrastructure, financial instability, talent attrition, and weak governance hinder development and deployment—challenges less prominent in developed contexts. This study contributes theoretically by integrating TOE and TACT with a life cycle perspective and empirically by uncovering AI adoption in developing countries, while offering actionable recommendations for practitioners.

Understanding the orthodontic patient experience is critical in providing enhanced patient-centred care. Qualitative methods were employed to gain insight into the factors shaping an individual's orthodontic treatment experience. (1) To understand orthodontic patient experience regarding treatment progress, interactions with their treating practitioner and treatment outcome. (2) To explore the challenges patients faced during treatment. An exploratory qualitative case study was completed. Thirty adults who completed orthodontic treatment either with fixed appliances, clear aligners, or direct-to-consumer clear aligners were recruited. One-to-one, semi-structured interviews were conducted, and the interview transcripts were analysed with NVivo software. Three principal themes were identified: patients' experiences with orthodontic treatment, challenges encountered during treatment, and suggested improvements to enhance the patient experience. Most participants reported positive experiences with orthodontic treatment. They also reported an increase in self-confidence following treatment. Positive interactions with the orthodontic team elevated the overall experience. In addition, participants revealed their experience of pain and trauma to the soft tissues. A few participants suggested improvements to enhance their overall experience, including flexibility in appointment times and more emphasis on the importance of elastic wear. Patient experience with orthodontic treatment in New Zealand was primarily positive, with few suggested improvements. There was increased self-confidence and dental health awareness following treatment. Commonly encountered problems included gingival trauma, pain, and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Lower expectations of treatment outcomes emerged as a critical theme in the direct-to-consumer clear aligner group.