Recent advances in spatial and spectral resolution of satellite imagery as well as in processing techniques are opening new possibilities of fine-scale vegetation analysis with interesting applications in natural resource management. Here we present the main results of a study carried out in Sierra Morena, Cordoba (southern Spain), aimed at assessing the potential of remote-sensing techniques to discriminate and map individual wild pear trees (Pyrus bourgaeana) in Mediterranean open woodland dominated by Quercus ilex. We used high spatial resolution (2.4 m multispectral/0.6 m panchromatic) QuickBird satellite imagery obtained during the summer of 2008. Given the size and features of wild pear tree crowns, we applied an atmospheric correction method, Fast Line-of-Sight Atmospheric Analysis of Spectral Hypercube (FLAASH), and six different fusion ‘pan-sharpening’ methods (wavelet ‘à trous’ weighted transform, colour normalized (CN), Gram–Schmidt (GS), hue–saturation–intensity (HSI) colour transformation, multidirection–multiresolution (MDMR), and principal component (PC)), to determine which procedure provides the best results. Finally, we assessed the potential of supervised classification techniques (maximum likelihood) to discriminate and map individual wild pear trees scattered over the Mediterranean open woodland.