Anatase titanium dioxide quantum dots (QDs) are synthesized by using a mixture of two kinds of titanium precursors and simple hydrothermal method in aqueous solution without any template and organic solvent. The obtained product is assessed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), selected area electrondiffraction (SAED), Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance analysis (UV-DRS). The results of XRD, SAED and Raman spectrum demonstrate that pure anatase TiO2 is produced. The TEM images reveal that TiO2 anatase QDs are almost sphere in shape and with a mean particle diameter of ~4 nm. The energy band gap value (Eg) is calculated to be ~3.79 eV. The synthesized TiO2 QDs present enhanced photocatalytic activity and stability for the photodegradation of organic dyes under UV light irradiation.