Pulmonary Tuberculosis Research Articles

BACKGROUND Tuberculosis remains a global health issue, with 25% of the population carrying latent infection and 5-10% at risk of active disease. In 2021, 10.6 million people were affected and 1.6 million died. While pulmonary TB is most common, extrapulmonary cases are rising. Female genital TB accounts for 5-30% of infertility worldwide. Endometrial TB often begins asymptomatically but can cause menstrual disorders, pelvic pain, and infertility. This study evaluated the clinical value of negative-pressure endometrial sampling in screening endometrial TB. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eighty-four patients suspected of having endometrial TB (April 2021-April 2023) were enrolled and divided into a negative-pressure aspiration group (n=48) and a fractional curettage group (n=36). Sampling pain (FRS score), time, satisfaction, diagnostic efficiency, and safety were compared. RESULTS The negative-pressure aspiration group had a significantly lower FRS score and a significantly shorter sampling time than the fractional curettage group (P<0.05). There was a significant difference in the distribution of populations with different satisfaction between the 2 groups (P<0.05). Through comparison with the pathological examination results of surgical samples which were set as the criterion standard, the kappa value was 0.692 in the negative-pressure aspiration group, higher than that in the fractional curettage group (0.667). The negative-pressure aspiration group had significantly higher sensitivity and significantly lower specificity compared with the fractional curettage group (89.66% vs 80.00%, P<0.05, 78.95% vs 87.50%, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS During the screening of endometrial tuberculosis, negative-pressure endometrial sampling technology has a high sensitivity, can reduce the pain sensation during sampling and sampling time, and can improve patient satisfaction with sampling.

Milk-Alkali Syndrome in the Context of Pulmonary Tuberculosis: An Overlooked Aetiology of Hypercalcaemia

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health burden, particularly because of the limited efficacy of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine against adult pulmonary TB. To improve immunogenicity, we developed a recombinant BCG strain expressing the M. tuberculosis-specific antigen Rv1507A (rBCG_Rv1507A) and evaluated its immune-enhancing potential. rBCG_Rv1507A-infected human PBMCs and murine macrophages exhibited enhanced co-stimulatory marker expression and Th1-skewed cytokine profiles invitro. The vaccine stimulated the expansion of T follicular helper (TFH) cells and both central and effector memory T cells. Intratracheal immunisation induced systemic and mucosal antibody responses, localized memory B cell formation, and enrichment of lung-resident memory T cells invivo. Importantly, rBCG_Rv1507A promoted macrophage apoptosis and suppressed autophagy, which may support cross-antigen presentation. Furthermore, it induces features of trained immunity, including hematopoietic progenitor expansion and metabolic reprogramming of macrophages. These immunological enhancements were compartmentalized to the lungs, the primary site of TB infection, due to mucosal delivery. Collectively, rBCG_Rv1507A demonstrated potential as a next-generation TB vaccine by integrating durable adaptive memory with innate immune training. However, further studies are required to confirm its protective efficacy.

Timely and accurate identification of active pulmonary tuberculosis (APTB) is essential for effective treatment and public health control. This study aimed to develop a predictive nomogram using routine laboratory parameters to distinguish APTB from non-active pulmonary tuberculosis. A retrospective observational study was conducted at a single tertiary hospital from January 2021 to December 2024. A total of 356 newly diagnosed PTB patients were enrolled and classified into APTB (n = 225) or non-active pulmonary tuberculosis (n = 131) groups based on clinical, radiological, and microbiological criteria. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of APTB. A nomogram was constructed using 5 selected variables. Model performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis. Multivariate analysis identified mean corpuscular volume, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, serum albumin, adenosine deaminase, and monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio as independent predictors. The nomogram demonstrated strong discrimination (area under the curve = 0.913, sensitivity = 87.68%, specificity = 95.32%) and calibration (C-index = 0.915; Hosmer-Lemeshow P = .915). Decision curve analysis confirmed the model's clinical utility. An internally validated nomogram incorporating 5 accessible laboratory indicators provides a reliable tool for predicting APTB, thereby facilitating timely diagnosis and supporting clinical decision-making.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health issue, with extrapulmonary manifestations accounting for a notable proportion of cases. Perianal tuberculosis, however, is a rare presentation of TB, often leading to delayed diagnosis due to its nonspecific symptoms and similarity to other perianal diseases. We present a case of perianal TB as primary manifestation leading to the diagnosis of simultaneous pulmonary TB, and a review of the literature based on a search in Medline. A 47-year-old male presented with perianal pain and purulent discharge. Histopathological examination and PCR analysis following surgical intervention confirmed the diagnosis of perianal TB. Chest imaging revealed nodular and cavitary lung lesions, indicating active pulmonary TB. The patient was initiated on a 9-month anti-tuberculosis treatment. Contact tracing identified latent TB infections among two close family members. Our literature search identified 59 relevant publications comprising 195 cases. The majority of the patients were male (88%), with a median age of 42 years, and originated from high prevalence regions. In many instances, diagnosis was delayed, with a mean duration of approximately two years from symptom onset to confirmation (median 6 month). Pulmonary tuberculosis was concurrently present in one third of the cases. Diagnosis of perianal TB is often delayed due to its rarity and nonspecific clinical presentation. TB must be considered in the differential diagnosis of ulcerative, fistulous and abscess-forming lesions of the perianal area, especially if recurrent, and in patients originating from high prevalence countries of TB. In many cases, further diagnostic evaluations reveal simultaneous pulmonary tuberculosis, underscoring the importance of a comprehensive diagnostic approach. From a clinical and public health perspective, early diagnosis and prompt initiation of treatment are essential to prevent disease progression and transmission.

In clinical settings, pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients were often found to have intestinal tuberculosis (ITB). The aim of this study was to construct a predictive model to evaluate the probability of intestinal tuberculosis in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. The present case-control study retrospectively collected information from 348 patients affected by PTB who received treatment from January 1, 2019 - August 1, 2023 at Changsha Central Hospital. The 348 patients were divided into ITB group and non-ITB group according to the presence or absence of intestinal tuberculosis. logistic regression analysis was performed and a nomogram was established using the selected predictors. Bootstrapping was performed for internal validation. Five variables [age, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, hemoglobin (HGB), albumin (ALB)] were validated and used to develop a predictive model which showed good discrimination capability [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.856]. The calibration curve demonstrated the best consistency between nomogram predictions and actual observations. In addition, Decision Curve Analysis (DCA) showed that the nomogram model is effective in clinical practice. We developed a preliminary predictive model that can help assess the probability of intestinal tuberculosis in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Its clinical utility requires further validation in multi-center, prospective studies. Not applicable.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease, often linked to telomere-related gene (TRG) mutations in familial forms. Telomere biology disorders can also manifest with systemic features such as bone marrow failure and liver disease. We report a 72-year-old woman with a family history of pulmonary fibrosis and premature hair greying. The patient had a history of bronchopneumonia at age 20 and pulmonary tuberculosis at age 23. Genetic testing identified a novel heterozygous nonsense variant in Regulator of Telomere Elongation Helicase 1 (RTEL1) (NM_001283009.2:c.2962C > T; p.Gln988Ter). This variant introduces a premature stop codon, likely leading to loss of function. The variant, absent from major population databases, was classified as "likely pathogenic" according to ACMG criteria. RTEL1 encodes a DNA helicase essential for DNA replication and telomere maintenance, and its disruption contributes to epithelial cell dysfunction in pulmonary fibrosis. This case expands the mutational and clinical spectrum of RTEL1-associated interstitial lung diseases and underscores the importance of genetic testing in patients with familial pulmonary fibrosis.

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health concern in Indonesia, including Samarinda, where transmission often occurs within families due to close contact with patients. Family-based interventions are essential to strengthen preventive behaviors and reduce transmission risk; however, limited family participation continues to hinder their effectiveness. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between family roles and pulmonary TB prevention behavior in the working areas of Karang Asam, Wonorejo, and Loa Bakung Health Centers, Samarinda. Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative design was employed involving 80 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data on family participation in TB prevention were collected via questionnaires and analyzed using the Chi-Square test. Results: A significant relationship was found between family roles and TB prevention behavior (p = 0.001 &lt; 0.05). Families actively involved in prevention demonstrated better practices, including consistent mask use, maintaining ventilation, and treatment adherence. Conclusion: Family-based interventions play a vital role in TB prevention. Strengthening family education, counseling, and empowerment—alongside collaboration among health workers, community cadres, and policymakers—is crucial. Implementing structured psychoeducation and community engagement strategies can effectively reduce stigma, improve adherence, and enhance TB prevention efforts.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease that not only impacts physical health but also affects the overall quality of life of sufferers. Good self-care practices are believed to improve the quality of life of pulmonary TB patients, particularly in the physical, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects. This study aims to determine the relationship between self-care and the quality of life of pulmonary TB patients at Efarina Etaham Hospital in Berastagi. This study used a correlational analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. A sample of 76 respondents was selected using proportional random sampling. The research instrument consisted of a self-care and quality of life questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using univariate and bivariate methods using the Spearman Rank test. The results showed that the majority of respondents had good self-care (51.3%) and a fair quality of life (68.4%). The Spearman Rank test showed a positive and significant relationship between self-care and quality of life, with a p-value of 0.000 and a correlation coefficient of r = 0.680. This means that the higher the self-care behavior of patients, the better their perceived quality of life. This study concludes that good self-care significantly contributes to improving the quality of life of pulmonary TB patients, and therefore needs to be encouraged through ongoing education and support from healthcare professionals and the surrounding community.

Development of a machine learning model for early pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis using blood test biomarkers.

No currently licensed vaccine reliably prevents pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), a leading cause of infectious disease mortality. Developing effective new vaccines requires identifying which Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) proteins are presented on major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) by infected human phagocytes (target cells) and defining their capacity for recognition by CD4+ T cells. Vaccine designs must elicit T cell responses recognizing the same peptide-MHC complexes presented by infected cells. Although many human CD4+ T cell Mtb epitopes have been described, presentation on MHC-II by infected cells in most cases has not been directly evaluated. Using mass spectrometry (MS), we demonstrated that Mtb type VII secretion system (T7SS) substrates are enriched in the MHC-II repertoire of Mtb-infected human monocyte-derived phagocytes and that many of these antigens are immunogenic in people with prior evidence of Mtb infection. We next used MS to guide TB messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine design, increasing the presentation of target MHC-II epitopes by orders of magnitude by incorporating design features that mirror aspects of antigen presentation dynamics in infected phagocytes. Our results provide a strategy for TB vaccine design that is guided by bottom-up unbiased discovery. Our approach combines targeted evaluation of antigen presentation in human cells paired with rapid iterative testing of mRNA vaccine designs to optimize antigen presentation before animal studies or human clinical trials.

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is still a leading cause of death from infectious diseases worldwide, and diabetes mellitus (DM) exacerbates its impact by increasing the risk of infection, worsening clinical manifestations, and lowering treatment success. Objective: To compare the characteristics of pulmonary TB patients with and without DM. Methods: An observational analytic study with a retrospective design was conducted using medical records of pulmonary TB patients at Prof. Dr. H. Aloei Saboe Hospital, Gorontalo, from January to September 2024. Results: TB-DM is most frequently found in the 55–64 years age group, whereas TB without DM is most prevalent in the 45–54 years group. Female patients dominate the TB-DM group, while male patients are more common in the TB without DM group. Conclusion: that age and sex are important determinants in the distribution of TB-DM and TB without DM, emphasizing the need for integrated screening in patients aged ≥45 years and gender-sensitive interventions for TB control.

Infectious diseases are a global health problem and significantly contribute to mortality rates in Indonesia, including typhoid, HIV AIDS, hepatitis, pulmonary tuberculosis, and malaria in certain areas. According to the WHO in 2022, 84.2 million people have been infected with HIV, and around 40.1 million people have died. In Indonesia, the HIV prevalence in 2021 was 36,902 cases. An appropriate nutritional diet can prevent disease progression and complications, one of which is by providing high-protein snacks from mullet such as Keibel Sticks. This study aims to evaluate the organoleptic properties and analyze the chemical quality of Keibel Sticks, including zinc, albumin, iron content, and color characteristics as an alternative snack for people with infectious diseases. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used, consisting of three treatments and two repetitions. The experimental units, which consisted of formulations A, B, and C, differed in main ingredient compositions and were then organoleptically tested by 60 panelists. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Mann-Whitney test, and results were presented descriptively in tables. The findings showed that formulation B, consisting of 50 g of mullet fish flour, 50 g of tapioca flour, and 75 g of cheese, was the most preferred. This formulation contained 1.085 mg of zinc (0.9% RDA contribution), 3.91 g of albumin, and 0.072 g of iron (8% RDA contribution). Keibel Sticks had a light yellow-brown color, a distinctive fish aroma, a dense and crunchy texture, and a savory flavor.

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major global health problem, with post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD) emerging as an underrecognized sequela. Among its various manifestations, “destroyed lung” represents a progressive, debilitating outcome characterized by irreversible structural damage, recurrent infections, and significant impairment of quality of life. Despite successful completion of anti-tuberculosis therapy (ATT), patients often suffer long-term pulmonary morbidity. This case series highlights two patients with advanced PTLD presenting as destroyed lung, emphasizing the natural history, diagnostic challenges, and therapeutic outcomes. Case Presentation: The first case involves a 48-year-old male with a history of delayed TB diagnosis for three years, during which he was empirically treated for pneumonia, typhoid, and jaundice by various practitioners. Eventually, he was diagnosed with pulmonary TB and treated for eight months at a government center, with treatment deemed successful. However, after eight years of treatment completion, he presented to our center with recurrent respiratory symptoms. Bronchoscopy revealed a necrotic mucosal lumen with suppurative secretions in the left main bronchus extending into both upper and lower divisions. The bronchial anatomy was markedly distorted with dilated, ectatic bronchi. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cultures demonstrated colonization with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. BAL GeneXpert MTB/RIF was negative, excluding active TB. He was managed with meropenem, amikacin, nebulized bronchodilators, and supportive care, showing marked clinical improvement after 14 days. The second case is a 51-year-old male with a delayed diagnosis of TB for two years. He too had initially been misdiagnosed and treated empirically for non-specific febrile illnesses. Eventually, he completed one year of ATT at a government center and was declared cured. Ten years later, he presented with persistent and recurrent pulmonary symptoms. Bronchoscopic evaluation revealed necrotic mucosa with purulent secretions in the right main bronchus, involving upper, middle, and lower divisions. The bronchial tree was distorted with extensive ectatic changes. BAL culture grew Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, while GeneXpert MTB/RIF was negative. He was treated with the same regimen as the first case and demonstrated a favorable outcome after two weeks of therapy. Discussion: Both patients highlight the long-term sequelae of delayed TB diagnosis and management. Even after microbiological cure, chronic structural lung damage predisposed them to persistent colonization with pathogenic organisms, recurrent infections, and functional impairment. These cases underline that destroyed lung syndrome is largely preventable with early recognition of TB, timely initiation of ATT, and structured follow-up care. Importantly, both cases reinforce that post-tuberculosis sequelae require comprehensive management beyond TB treatment completion, integrating bronchodilator therapy, infection control, and long-term pulmonary rehabilitation. Conclusion: Destroyed lung as a PTLD manifestation represents the culmination of delayed diagnosis and chronic lung injury rather than treatment failure or reactivation. Early detection, timely treatment, and structured long-term surveillance could prevent this disabling outcome. These cases emphasize the urgent need for public health strategies addressing PTLD to reduce the burden of preventable chronic respiratory morbidity.

Background: Fulminant myocarditis can present as ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and requires early recognition and distinct management. We report a rare case of fulminant myocarditis and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) presenting as inferolateral STEMI, complicated by biventricular failure and cardiogenic shock. Case: A 76-year-old male presented with 3 days of chest pain and infero-lateral ST elevations (Figure 1). Emergent cardiac catheterization revealed 70% calcified left main disease without plaque rupture or thrombus (Figure 2). IVUS confirmed stable disease. Echocardiogram showed LVEF 45%; an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) was placed, and surgery was deferred pending ticagrelor washout. Over the next 3 days, the patient’s condition worsened with rising troponin, LVEF decline to 10%, right ventricular failure, and complete heart block. The clinical picture was inconsistent with coronary anatomy, prompting suspicion for myocarditis. Endomyocardial biopsy and temporary pacing were performed. Due to worsening cardiogenic shock, mechanical circulatory support with Impella 5.5 was initiated. Immediately after Impella, the patient developed ventricular tachycardia and suction alarms due to right sided failure, therefore a veno-arterial Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) was initiated. Biopsy confirmed lymphohistiocytic myocarditis with immunophenotype supported the diagnosis of tuberculous myocarditis (Figure 3); respiratory cultures grew Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Despite treatment with corticosteroids, IVIG, inhaled nitric oxide, and antitubercular treatment, the patient failed to improve and expired. Conclusion: This case emphasizes the need to consider myocarditis in patients presenting with STEMI-like ECGs and rapid progression to biventricular dysfunction unexplained by coronary findings. While tuberculosis in general is a slowly progressing disease, this case shows rate manifestation which presents as rapidly progressive tubercular fulminant myocarditis. Tuberculosis cases are on the rise due to global travel and immunosuppression therapy; therefore, the index of suspicion should be high. Early recognition and aggressive mechanical support with Impella and ECMO, and immunosuppressive and targeted therapies are critical in these rare presentations.

Effective Use of Mepolizumab in a Rare Case of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis Complicated by Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Lower lung field tuberculosis (LLFTB) is an uncommon presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis and is often misdiagnosed as bacterial pneumonia or other lower respiratory tract infections. Its atypical radiographic pattern and transient response to empirical antibiotics can delay definitive diagnosis. We report the case of a 50-year-old male who presented with recurrent episodes of acute febrile respiratory illness, each separated by a two-week symptom-free interval. The patient required hospitalization on three occasions. Each episode showed partial remission with empirical antibiotic therapy, but symptoms recurred after antibiotic withdrawal. Chest radiography demonstrated infiltrates confined to the lower lung fields. HRCT (high resolution computerised tomography) imaging’s documented nodular infiltrates in right middle and lower lobe with mild pleural effusion. Given the recurrent nature and incomplete resolution, flexible bronchoscopy was performed as a point-of-care diagnostic tool, revealing endobronchial changes suggestive of tuberculosis and yielding bronchial washings positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis on GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay. The patient was initiated on standard first-line anti-tubercular therapy with marked clinical and radiological improvement, and no further relapses over a 6-month follow-up. LLFTB can mimic recurrent bacterial pneumonia. Early bronchoscopy at the point of care facilitates timely diagnosis and initiation of specific therapy, preventing repeated hospitalizations and morbidity.

ObjectivesTuberculosis (TB) may increase morbidity and mortality of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. The aim of the study was to determine the risk factors associated with TB in SLE patients.MethodsThis case-control study included SLE patients from the Hasan Sadikin Lupus Registry (HSLR) cohort between 2008 and 2024. Lupus patients with TB (cases) were matched by age with those without TB (controls). TB risk was estimated as adjusted OR (aOR) with 95% CI using univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses.ResultsIn total, 90 SLE patients with TB and 270 without TB were included, predominantly female (n = 342; 95%). The median SLE duration to TB diagnosis was 30 (range 8-95) months, of which 56.7% (n = 51) had pulmonary TB, and 21.1% (n = 19) had extrapulmonary TB with meningitis and lymphadenitis being the most prevalent. Logistic regression analysis showed that SLE duration <9 months (aOR 4.04; 95% CI 1.78-9.18), history of TB contact (aOR 3.67; 95% CI 1.31-10.30), history of methylprednisolone ≥24mg/day for ≥4 weeks (aOR 1.96; 95% CI 1.06-3.63), using <2 disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) (aOR 3.34; 95% CI 1.89-5.90), and lymphopenia (aOR 2.84; CI 95% 1.65-4.91) were associated with TB (P < .05).ConclusionsAmong SLE patients living in TB endemic country, TB contact, high dose corticosteroid, and lymphopenia increase risk of TB. Of note, lower disease duration and using <2 DMARDs are also associated with TB. Further research is necessary to evaluate the need of TB prophylaxis in SLE patients with these risk factors.

Introduction . Despite the significant impact of diabetes mellitus on the development and more severe course of the tuberculosis process, there are currently other significant risk factors that receive insufficient attention. The purpose of the study is to investigate the presence of significant risk factors and social status characteristics among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis combined with diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods . A total of 322 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were included in the study, which were divided into 2 groups: 1 — combination with diabetes mellitus ( n = 173); 2 — without diabetes mellitus ( n = 149). Results . Thus, it was found that among patients with diabetes, pensioners are more likely to be sick, as well as those who have a permanent job, whereas the unemployed predominate in the group without diabetes. When studying other significant risk factors, it was noted that alcohol abuse and withdrawal from treatment are significantly more common among patients with tuberculosis in combination with diabetes mellitus. Discussion . Thus, it is worth noting that tuberculosis is more severe in patients with diabetes mellitus, and it should also be noted that patients with diabetes mellitus are highly susceptible to other significant risk factors. Conclusion . Diabetes mellitus is an important risk factor for the development and more severe course of pulmonary tuberculosis. However, other risk factors are currently receiving insufficient attention. In addition, the risk of developing and the course of tuberculosis may be influenced by the characteristics of social status, which differ between patients with pulmonary tuberculosis with and without diabetes mellitus.

Introduction . The mechanisms of interaction between lung cancer and tuberculosis (TB) are not fully understood. The aim of the study is to study the effect of pulmonary tuberculosis on the lung cancer. Materials and methods . The study utilized a model (Patent RU 2800964 C1) of isolated Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) and generalized TB (H37Rv and 5582 strains) in C57BL/6 mice. Five groups of laboratory animals were formed: isolated tuberculosis (different M. tuberculosis susceptibility), isolated LLC, and 2 groups with combined pathology. An immunohistochemical analysis for TNF-α, PCNA, and MMP-9 was completed. Results . The relative expression of MMP-9 in the groups with combined pathology was significantly lower than in the isolated tumor group: LLC + H37Rv — 2.60; LLC + 5582–3.00; LLC — 8.90 ( p = 0.043). The relative expression of TNF-α showed no statistically significant differences between the combined pathology groups and the isolated tumor group: LLC + H37Rv — 1.35; LLC + 5582–3.70; LLC — 1.70. A statistically significant increase in TNF-α expression was observed in mice infected with the drug-resistant M. tuberculosis strain (5582). The relative expression of PCNA was significantly lower in the combined pathology groups compared to the isolated tumor group: LLC + H37Rv — 8.50; LLC + 5582 — 14.30; LLC — 36.45 ( p = 0.012). Discussion . Data demonstrated that TB led to the suppression of tumor-induced MMP-9 expression, reduction in PCNA expression. This may indicate the suppression of metastasisе, cell proliferation. The TNF-α expression level didn`t differ significantly between the groups. Conclusion . The obtained data may suggest an oncosuppressive effect of tuberculosis on the lung tumors.