Public Sector Development Research Articles

Effective Improvement of Talents Management for Continuing of Managing Government

The Talent Management System or the HiPPS (High Performance and Potential System) was developed by the Office of the Civil Service Commission (OCSC) for 10 years since 2003 in Thailand. The purposes of this mixed methods research were 1) to develop of the causal relationship models of the effective talent management, 2) to investigate the percent of predict in each group, and 3) to study the current situation and to investigate strategies to improve the talent management to ensure continuity in government administration. The data were collected from five rating-scale questionnaires which the total -item correlation had been .2-.7. and ? is .835-.909. The sample size were 109 talents, 96 coaches, and 100 human resource (HR) staffs who are responsible for the HiPPS system. Data was analyzed by LISREL and content analysis from 9-19 key persons in each 5 group such as executives, coaches, talents, HR staffs and former talents groups. The results indicated that 1) the causal relationship model of effective talent management for all groups were consistent with an empirical data at a strong level, 2) the person and work environment factors had positive effect and could be predicted in all groups regarding effective talent management for 48 percent in the talent group, 83 percent in the coaching group and 66 percent in the HR staff group, 3) the person and work environmental factors that influence the effective talent management, found that there are seven factors that impact in a positive way and two factors, such as positive attitudes toward the talent management, and organization commitment were a major factor that impacted directly positive influence on effective talent management, and 4) the problems of the effective talent management were 4.1) the executives didn’t understand HiPPS or often change their executives, 4.2) the talents could not rotate as individual development plan and low effective coach system, 4.3) the talent development plan didn’t clear and not support from organization. So, strategies of effective improvement should organize for administrative procedure as talent identifying, talent development, talent monitoring and evaluating, talent rewarding and performance management to share knowledge and innovation for continuing of public sector development.

Implementing e-government in hard times: When the past is wildly at variance with the future

The article aims to contribute to the debate on the role of e-government in spurring the reorganisation of the public sector and broader economic development in a period when financial austerity reduces the public resources available to drive change. The overarching argument here is that the past constrains what can be done in the future. In other words, the administrative patterns and attitudes of old determine the speed and breadth of the new practices championed by the stimulus packages. The paper analyses the Digital Agenda launched in 2012 by Italy's bipartisan government and discusses the consequences of this path dependency 'on the ground'. Our findings indicate that the potential of e-government as an engine of growth and a driver of large-scale change is thwarted by the policy makers overplaying of cost-cutting targets rather than transformational targets.

Gender inequality in human capital accumulation and economic growth: a comparative analysis of Pakistan and Sri Lanka

Even though the significance of human capital in the growth literature is well established, little evidence is available on the role of education on growth segregated on a gender basis. The present study has focused on the importance of female education and employment and queried to what extent gender inequality in education and employment has an impact on economic growth in Pakistan and Sri Lanka. To answer this question, a simultaneous equations model covering time period of 1975–2009 has been used and the Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) has been applied. The results have confirmed that the gender gap in education has induced an adverse impact on economic growth, both directly and indirectly, through rapid population growth and low investment. Results also show that though there is gender inequality in human capital accumulation in both counties but the intensity is higher in Pakistan as compared to Sri Lanka. The study explored the opportunities to encourage the role of females in the developmental activities of these countries. In view of the fact that gender inequality in education is critical for growth, the study recommends that rather than slashing the PSDP (Public Sector Development Program), Pakistan needs to promote investment in human capital and that there should be equal opportunity for education and employment for both males and females in both south Asian Countries.

The roles of intermediaries and the development of their capabilities in sectoral innovation systems: a case study of Thailand

This paper investigates the roles of both public and private intermediaries in the sectoral innovation systems of developing countries by analysing three case studies in the hard disk drive (high-tech sector), automotive (mid-tech sector), and frozen-food (resource-based sector) industries in Thailand. We make three important findings. First, different sectors require different types of intermediaries who play different roles. In the high-tech sector, government research institutes and international industrial associations have gained the trust of transnational corporations (TNCs) and are able to keep pace with rapid technological change. In the mid-tech sector, public-sector development agencies can act as ‘brokers’ and leverage the knowledge of TNCs to strengthen local suppliers' capabilities, and local industrial associations can act as ‘mediators’ in solving conflicts between local firms. In resource-based sectors, public sectoral development agencies can act as ‘resource providers’ to local firms, and local industrial associations can broker coordinated efforts among members to achieve common goals. Second, the division of labour between public and private intermediaries is crucial; public intermediaries should play a leading role in producing the ‘public goods’ that are necessary to upgrade sectors, whereas private intermediaries should play an active role in producing ‘club goods’ for the sustainability of sectors. Third, different intermediary roles require different underlying capabilities.

City of Rents: The limits to the Barcelona model of urban competitiveness

AbstractThe turn towards the knowledge‐based economy and creative strategies to enhance urban competitiveness within it has been well documented. Yet too little has been said to date about the transformation of land use for new productive activities, and the contradictions inherent to this process. Our case study is Barcelona, an erstwhile ‘model’ for urban regeneration which has sought to transform itself into a global knowledge city since 2000. Through the lens of Marxian value theory, and Harvey's writing on urban monopoly rents especially, we show how the 22@Barcelona project — conceived with received wisdom about the determinants of urban knowledge‐based competitiveness in mind — amounted to an exercise in the capture of monopoly rents, driven by the compulsion of public sector institutions, financiers and developers to pursue rental profit‐maximizing opportunities through the mobilization of land as a financial asset.

Do business and public sector research and development expenditures contribute to economic growth in Central and Eastern European Countries? A dynamic panel estimation

This paper empirically estimates the role of private and public research and development in explaining growth of Central and Eastern European Countries (CEE) during 1998–2008. We employ a dynamic panel model using the Arellano–Bond's Generalized Methods of Moments (GMM). Our findings suggest that a 1% increase in business R&D intensity boosts economic growth by 0.050 (0.213) % in these countries in the short (long) run. Public R&D is found to be statistically insignificant. When introducing human capital in the regression, the contribution of business R&D to economic growth decreases, although it remains significant. We argue that part of its effect may be accounted for by human capital. While various robustness checks are performed (such as adding different control variables, sub-periods and dummies for the entrance years to the EU), most of the results imply significant business R&D coefficient. Some policy implications are addressed based on our results.

Implementing e-government in hard times

The article aims to contribute to the debate on the role of e-government in spurring the reorganisation of the public sector and broader economic development in a period when financial austerity re...

Public Service Media Utilities: Rethinking Search Engines and Social Networking as Public Goods

Far from being relegated to history's dustbin by technological developments, a public service rationale is as pertinent as ever in the digital era, the capabilities of which lend themselves to the development of public service media. This article explores calls to regulate digital media platforms like Facebook and Google as public utilities, but concludes that, with the exception of regulations to facilitate user mobility and platform/network neutrality, it makes more sense to focus on the development of a robust public service media sector for the digital era. Such a sector would broaden the scope of public service beyond content production and distribution to include social media, search and other information-sorting and communication utilities. The article considers the rationale and scope for such a program, arguing that an era of information glut poses challenges that are distinct from those associated with the broadcast era of relative content scarcity.

Group Response to Change for eService Development in Public Sector

This paper tests whether there are any significant differences between the level of eService development in the councils and its impact on the organisation across the organisational, individual, and eService utilisation factors. A questionnaire survey among four city council employees in Melbourne, Australia has been conducted. The final result of MANOVA analyses are interpreted in light of Lewin's (1951) model. The findings show that higher role clarity, better job impact, and more positive attitude are found in the embryonic group of city councils that experiences comparatively lower developments in eServices. Furthermore, compared to councils where little change is occurring, the developing group of city councils report less available support. The embryonic group of city council experiences continuity and that is why employees feel more comfortable and familiar with their website.

Operational Efficiency of Regional Rural Banks and other Commercial Banks of Odisha India : A Comparative Study

Abstarct: Banks play an important role in the economic development of a state. The banks play the role of financial intermediaries in the economic development of a state. The commercial banks help in flow of investment capital throughout the market place. The main tool for resource allocation in the economy is credit disbursed by the banks. When we look at the performance of the banks and also the services provided to the larger societies, we often find a glaring bias of public sector (PS) banks only for the urban areas. But Odisha has a population of 4.20 crore, of which 3.50 crore (83.33%) live in (51313) villages (as per 2011 census). Out of 51313 villages of Odisha, commercial banks function only in 1724 villages. The banking system in Odisha consists of public sector banks, private banks, development banks, specialized banks, and cooperative banks.

Foreign direct investment and sectoral growth of Pakistan economy: Evidence from agricultural and industrial sector (1979 to 2009)

Weak economies strive hard to attract investments from their stronger counterparts. Foreign direct investment (FDI) is a buzzword in vogue for governments who face scarcity of capital to finance lucrative business projects. This present study is conducted to analyze the role of FDI on sectoral growth of Pakistan economy with special reference to agriculture and Industrial sectors for the period 1979 to 2009. Simultaneous models are developed to capture the joint effects of FDI on the said two sectors. Two Stage Least Square (2SLS) technique is used to estimate the role of FDI on sectoral growth. Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test is used to identify the stationary condition of the variables. The study finds a significant negative impact of FDI on growth of agricultural sector. FDI positively affects the industrial sector but the impact is found to be statistically insignificant. Apart from FDI, a number of other factors like the availability of water for irrigation, public sector development program, and state of technology, growth of industrial sector and growth of service sectors have positive impacts on the growth of agriculture sector. The study confirms significant positive impact of the terms of trade, growth of service sector and growth of real GDP on growth rate of Industrial sector. It seems that exchange rate fluctuations and public sector development programs have suppressed the industrial growth in Pakistan as the study observes a significant negative relationship between them. It appears from the findings that real gross domestic product has contributed to the growth of services sector but surprisingly literacy rate in the country is found to have adversely affected growth patterns in the said sector. With the growth of industry and agriculture, it looks like the services sector has taken some positive influence. In light of the findings, it is recommended that investment friendly public policies are needed to attract more foreign direct investment in Pakistan. These efforts will not only foster growth of the industrial sector but also it will have positive effects on real gross domestic growth and other leading macroeconomic variables. Key words: Foreign direct investment, agriculture, industrial, Pakistan.

입체복합개발을 위한 공공 입지여건 분석

본 연구의 목적은 점차 활성화되고 있는 입체복합개발의 공공 참여를 위한 입지여건을 분석하는 것이며, 이를 통해 앞으로 새로운 도시개발이나 도심재생사업, 역세권개발 등에의 수요에 대응하고 도시의 활성화에도 기여하려는 것이다. 입체복합시설의 개발을 위한 입지특성과 공공의 참여여건을 고려하여 대상범위와 입지여건을 분석한 결과, 입체복합개발에 부합하는 다양한 기능의 수용여부를 고려한 기능복합도의 경우 대규모 도시개발지의 중심상업지역 및 신설역사주변과 기성시가지의 도심이 적합하다고 판단된다. 개발잠재력도 앞의 세 지역과 함께 기성시가지의 역세권 및 도심부적격시설의 이전적지가 높은 것으로 판단된다. 개발규모는 대규모 신규도시개발지의 중심상업지역, 기성시가지의 도심, 부도심, 역세권이 필지, 블록, 지구 등 다양한 규모의 개발이 가능하다. 또한 입체복합개발에 대한 공공의 참여여건 분석결과, 공공부문이 개발하는 대규모 신규도시개발지의 중심상업지역과 도심부적격시설 및 공공기관종전부지 등 이전적지가 적합하게 나타났다. 이는 공공시행자로서 민간과의 협력을 통한 도시의 조기성숙과 개발촉진을 도모하고, 도시부적격시설의 이전과 적지개발사업의 연계를 통한 도시환경개선 및 공공성 제고에도 기여할 수 있을 것이다. The purpose of this paper is to analysis spatial locations for public sector's development of mixed-use complex. The results of analysis of location characteristics and public sector's participation conditions are as follows. The central commercial district of new town, surroundings of new railway station, and old town center are likely to be appropriate in the case of a functional mixed-use considering acceptable use in accord with mixed-use complex. Development potential is also high at places such as railway adjacent area in old town and relocation of downtown improper facilities including previous three cases. And development of various size such as lot, block and district can be applied at central commercial district of new town, center and subcenter of old town, surroundings of new railway station. The result of analysis of public sector's participation conditions is appropriate in central commercial district of new town by public sector, relocation of downtown improper facilities and old site of transferring public facilities. They can be contribute to grow up new town by public-private partnership and to improve urban circumstances and publicness by development old site coupled with new site of transferring public facilities.

Can enterprise architectures reduce failure in development projects?

PurposeScant attention has been given to the role of enterprise architecture (EA) in relationship to risk management in information system development projects. Even less attention has been given to the inter‐organizational setting. The aim of this paper is to better understand this relationship.Design/methodology/approachThe relationship between EA and project failure/success is investigated by – through a workshop – creating a retrospective view on the use of architectures in large and complex ICT‐projects.FindingsFailure factors can be grouped in organization network, people, process, product and technology categories. The findings show that a disappointingly limited number of public sector development projects make sufficient use of architecture as a risk management instrument. Architectures should be considered both as a risk‐mitigating instrument and as an organizational shaping routine to reduce project failure and manage risk in organization networks.Research limitations/implicationsA single workshop with a limited number of participants was conducted. The findings need further refinement and generalization based on more empirical research investigating the relationship between architecture and project failure.Practical implicationsArchitecture should give explicit consideration to risk management and help to draw attention to this. Governance mechanisms need be defined to ensure that the organizations' members become aware of both architecture and risk management. Risk management and EA have similarities, as they are both an instrument and an organizational shaping routine.Originality/valueGovernments collaborate more and more in organizational networks and for that reason often multiple organizations are involved in information system project developments. Enterprise architecture as a risk mitigation instrument has not, to date, been given attention.

Social infrastructure investments: accounting and information systems' roadblocks

The study, sponsored by Office of Public Sector Development Commission (OPDC), aims to help implement the concessionary concept for social infrastructure investments and upgrades in Thailand. Given the ongoing national trends, the OPDC has decided to examine international practices to help maintain the country’s fiscal disciplines while providing sufficient social services. On the basis of the UK’s Victoria Dock Primary School and Australia’s Royal Children’s Hospital cases, an accounting information system represents Thailand’s roadblock in adapting the finance-build-operate-transfer model. Finally, the study recognises the need to link this accounting system with Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to form effective back-office operations for a public agency.

Vegetable breeding in Africa: constraints, complexity and contributions toward achieving food and nutritional security

Many Africans are presently confronted with nutritional insecurity as their diets are often deficient in essential vitamins and minerals owing to lack of sufficient consumption of fruit and vegetables. This results from problems of availability, affordability and lack of knowledge. There has been a substantive, long-term underinvestment in research and development of the horticultural sector in Africa with particular reference to those indigenous crops which are naturally high in nutritious vitamins and minerals. Lack of breeding effort, ineffective seed supply systems and an inadequate information, regulatory and policy framework have all contributed to the widespread occurrence of malnutrition on the continent. However, public sector research, development and policy amelioration efforts supported by a nascent private seed supply sector are now showing progress. Many new, improved, nutrient-dense indigenous and standard vegetable varieties are being released for which small-holder farmers are finding growing markets in both rural and urban settings. If such developments continue favourably for the next decade, it is expected that progress towards a reduction in poverty and malnutrition in Africa will be marked.

Development Consultation: the Flexibility Approach Deal with the Complexity of Urban Development

In process of urban development, the various participants carry out development activities with their own goals, often caused urban development faced with complex and difficult situation. The public sector and private developers couldn’t accurately recognize the urban development process associated with a variety of challenges and technical requirements. This paper analyzed market factors, participants and their purposes, pointing out that the multi-sectoral development consultation is an effective way to clarify the flexibility of urban development, and achieve the optimal allocation of urban resources. Through the cooperation of public and private, the challenges of urban development should have a broader imagination to find a solution.

Key Performance Indicators Of Public Universities Based On Quality Assessment Criteria In Thailand

The research objective was to develop public universities key performance indicators. Qualitative research and interviews were employed with each public universitys senior executive and quality assessors. The sample group was selected by the office of the public sector development commission and Thailands public universities can be separated into three groups based on their quality assessment score: 1) the high scoring group, 2) the moderate scoring group, and 3) the low scoring group. The results showed that the high scoring group had set a clear strategic context such as vision, mission, core values and corporate goals. In the case of the moderate scoring group it was found that some sections of the strategic context, such as the vision and mission, had already been defined, but corporate goals were yet to be determined. The strategic context was not clear and remained inactive for the low scoring group. In additional, each public university should establish two different sets of key performance indicators; first, a common key performance indicator which is aligned with the public university mission to enhance macro education, and which can be separated by five assessment perspectives as follows: 1) to produce graduates, 2) to promote and expand the universitys research, 3) to provide academic services, 4) to preserve and promote the arts, culture and heritage, and 5) to manage the university. The second specific key performance indicator should be aligned with the universitys strategic context, especially its vision and goals.

Determinants of the Efficiency of Regional Innovation Systems

Fritsch M. and Slavtchev V. Determinants of the efficiency of regional innovation systems, Regional Studies. This paper analyses differences in the efficiency of regional innovation systems. Alternative measures for the efficiency of regional innovation systems based on the concept of a knowledge production function are discussed. The empirical findings suggest that spillovers from within the private sector as well as from universities and other public research institutions have a positive effect on the efficiency of private sector research and development. It is particularly the intensity of interactions between private and public sector research and development that increases the efficiency. It is found that regions dominated by large establishments tend to be less efficient than regions with a lower average establishment size. Fritsch M. et Slavtchev V. Les déterminants de l'efficience des systèmes d'innovation régionaux, Regional Studies. Cet article cherche à analyser les écarts d'efficience des systèmes d'innovation régionaux (SIR). On discute des autres mesures de l'efficience des SIR fondées sur la notion d'une fonction de production de la connaissance. Les résultats empiriques laissent supposer que les retombées provenant de l'intérieur du secteur privé aussi bien que des universités et des autres établissements publics de recherche ont un effet positif sur l'efficience de la R et D du secteur privé. C'est notamment l'intensité de l'interaction entre la R et D du secteur privé et celle du secteur public qui augmente l'efficience. Il s'avère que les régions où prédominent les grands établissements ont tendance à être moins efficients que ne le sont les régions où la taille des établissements est inférieure à la moyenne. Systèmes d'innovation régionaux Efficience technique Brevets Fritsch M. und Slavtchev V. Determinanten der technischen Effizienz von regionalen Innovationssystemen, Regional Studies. Wir analysieren Unterschiede in der Effizienz regionaler Innovationssysteme (RIS). Zunächst werden alternative Maße für die Effizienz von RIS diskutiert, die auf dem Konzept der Wissensproduktionsfunktion aufbauen. Die empirischen Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass sowohl Spillover aus dem privaten Sektor als auch von Hochschulen und anderen öffentlichen Forschungseinrichtungen die Effizienz privater F&E-Aktivitäten positiv beeinflussen. Insbesondere die Intensität der Interaktion zwischen öffentlichen Einrichtungen und dem Privatsektor führt zu hoher Effizienz. Regionen, die durch Großbetriebe dominiert sind, weisen tendenziell eine geringere Effizienz der Innovationsaktivitäten auf als Regionen mit einer geringeren durchschnittlichen Betriebsgröße. Regionales Innovationssystem Technische Effizienz Patente Fritsch M. y Slavtchev V. Determinantes de la eficiencia de los sistemas de innovación regional, Regional Studies. En este artículo analizamos las diferencias en la eficiencia de los sistemas regionales de innovación (SRI). Asimismo estudiamos medidas alternativas para la eficiencia de los SRI en función del concepto de una función de producción del conocimiento. Los resultados empíricos indican que los desbordamientos desde dentro del sector privado así como de las universidades y otras instituciones de investigación públicas tienen un efecto positivo en la eficiencia de I + D del sector privado. Es especialmente la intensidad de las interacciones entre la I + D del sector privado y público la que aumenta la eficiencia. Observamos que las regiones dominadas por grandes establecimientos tienden a ser menos eficientes que las regiones con un tamaño medio más bajo de establecimientos. Sistema de innovación regional Eficacia técnica Patentes

Proximity, land, labor and planning? Logistics industry perspectives on facility location

Distribution, warehousing and logistics facilities located in Canadian municipalities have significant impacts on surrounding land uses and on nearby transportation infrastructure, not to mention the broader socio-economic environment. While there is considerable literature available concerning the location choices of generic industrial firms, explorations of logistics firms' locations have been less extensive. This is somewhat surprising because of the increasing ability of logistics firms to relocate and the potential issues surrounding their activity, for example related to the amount of freight traffic that they generate. The goal of this research is to explore the relative importance of location factors that attract/retain logistics firms to a community, and identify potential issues of operational conflict between municipalities, their residents, and logistics firms. Factors that were found to negatively influence the attractiveness of a particular location (push factors) were land costs and tax rates, a lack of skilled workers, and a lack of land available for expansion on site. Location factors that retained firms at a particular location were access to customers and suppliers, having the ability to operate 24/7 and proximity to highways. There is a need for the public sector, including planners and economic developers, to better understand the requirements of the logistics industry in order to accommodate these firms while mitigating potentially adverse impacts to communities.

THE FORMATION OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN UKRAINE AFTER THE ORANGE REVOLUTION

The paper aims to determine the level of public sector development of Ukraine in accordance with the guiding principles of sustainable development. The object of study is a sector of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that are active in Ukraine since the Orange Revolution. The research subject is the civil society development of Ukraine, which was estimated in accordance with such principles of sustainability as the level of organizational capacity, external relations of the organization (including cooperation with the government, business, media, communities and other public associations), the efficiency of accomplished work and programs stated in the mission of the organization.