Construction and validation of an evaluation index system for healthy villages in China: A human-AI synergistic approach integrating modified Delphi and AHP.

Functionalized laser-induced graphene enabled ultrasensitive electroimmunoassay for rapid hepatitis B virus detection.

This study presents a detailed floristic inventory of the spontaneous flora in La Asomadilla urban park in Córdoba, southern Spain. In addition to being the largest urban park in the city, La Asomadilla is characterized by irregular terrain, a transitional location between the Guadalquivir river plain and Sierra Morena mountains, and the predominance of native vegetation with a naturalized appearance rather than a formal garden design. These characteristics make the park an important reservoir of biodiversity and a barrier against the spread of invasive species. A total of 250 species belonging to 60 families were recorded, predominantly therophytes adapted to Mediterranean climatic conditions. Two species (Cyperus eragrostis and Valerianella microcarpa) were recorded for the first time in the municipality, along with five orchid species of high ecological value. Several allergenic taxa were identified, primarily belonging to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, and Oleaceae families, highlighting the importance of considering the impact on public health in the management of urban biodiversity. Unlike most studies on urban green spaces, which focus mainly on ornamental or tree species, this research highlights the relevance of the accompanying wild flora. These species not only contribute to climate change mitigation by reducing temperatures and capturing CO2 but also provide health benefits for the population. Therefore, this study provides novel and valuable data at the local level to inform ecological and public health management strategies in Mediterranean urban areas.

ABSTRACT Immigrants are overrepresented in Canada’s platform economy, yet platform work is not characterized as legitimate and sustainable within employment services shaped by New Public Management (NPM) and austerity policies. This focused ethnography interrogates limitations of NPM and uses a sociotechnical approach to analyse key informant interviews. Three themes are addressed: (1) Out of scope: the limits of current policy, (2) Systemic lags and the unknowns of platform work and (3) Reproducing racial and cultural inequalities in platform work. Findings show that narrow performance metrics, competitive funding and depoliticized environments marginalize platform workers, constrain innovation and suppress culturally responsive advocacy.

IMPACT This article is essential reading for audit practitioners, policy advisors, and public financial management specialists working in Supreme Audit Institutions (SAIs), government ministries, and international development organizations. By comparing research-based audit (RBA) practices in China and Indonesia, it offers actionable insights into how evidence-driven methodologies can transform audit quality and governance outcomes. The authors present a practical framework to assess and strengthen institutional capacity in audit planning, data use, and policy integration. For practitioners, the findings demonstrate how context-specific adaptations can increase audit relevance, improve SDG monitoring, and support strategic reform. The article bridges theory and practice, offering a roadmap for SAIs to evolve from compliance checkers to strategic knowledge partners in public governance.

To address the critical challenge of quantitative analysis in SERS, we designed an internal standard-embedded shell-isolated satellite nanostructure (SHINs-Au) for the accurate and rapid detection of trace substances. These architectures feature three-dimensional plasmonic hotspots engineered through gold satellite encapsulation, with co-embedded internal standards for post-acquisition signal normalization. By precisely controlling the size and spatial distribution of the outer gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), the spatial positioning of hotspots and the distribution of local electromagnetic fields can be finely manipulated at the nanoscale, thereby significantly enhancing Raman responses. Furthermore, the tunability of the outer AuNP size provides a novel strategy to optimize the near-field coupling efficiency of specific molecules and regulate their surface chemical reaction pathways. Employing this platform, we achieved a detection limit of 0.05 mg/L for the representative synthetic drug methamphetamine with excellent post-calibration linearity (R2 = 0.9934). This technology offers a robust solution for drugged driving screening and drug-related crime prevention while demonstrating significant potential for public safety management.

In industrial piping fabrication projects, coating systems applied to pipe spools often require extended ambient curing times before handling, inspection, shipment, or installation. These delays can significantly impact production schedules, logistics flow, and project milestones. To overcome such constraints, a Force Dryer (Rapid Curing) System can be employed to accelerate the curing process of painted spools through controlled hot-air circulation while maintaining coating integrity and compliance with project specifications. This technical paper presents the objectives, the system description, the project requirement, the operating procedures, the performance benefits and risks, the quality controls and safety requirements of a containerized Force Dryer system. The system is specifically developed for rapid curing of shop-painted spools used in oil & gas facilities, petrochemical plants, and industrial construction projects.

COVID-19 crisis has significantly impacted global economic growth. Assessing the economic impacts of various policies is crucial to better public health management (PHM). To incorporate specific PHM policies into a unified framework, prevention and control intensity (PCI) is introduced to quantify the intensity of PHM. Under different PCI, we construct a statistical framework to estimate each economy's counterfactual output, thereby providing two indicators to assess the effectiveness of PHM adopted by certain economies. Empirical analysis measures the effectiveness of PHM in each of the 137 economies during COVID-19 in 2020. Further analysis is conducted through robustness tests and regression discontinuity design. Aggregated results from 137 economies indicate that COVID-19 may have caused global economic losses far exceeding 5.47 trillion US dollars in 2020. Statistical indicators reveal that 39 economies reduced economic loss through PHM, while 25 economies achieved relatively ideal economic output targets. These findings suggest that moderate prevention and control measures can significantly reduce economic losses and highlight the necessity for most countries to strengthen their PHM strategies to enhance economic resilience and recovery.

Mpox presents a significant public health threat with variable severity driven by viral clades and host factors. After over 50 years of outbreaks, this study aimed at providing a comprehensive continent-wide assessment of its severity and mortality for evidence-based public health planning and clinical management. This systematic review and meta-analysis, conducted per PRISMA guidelines and registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251133745), aggregated data from studies on mpox severity and mortality in Africa from 1970 to 2025. A systematic search of multiple databases was performed. The primary outcomes were the mpox severity rate (proportion of severe cases among confirmed cases) and the case fatality rate (CFR). Random-effects models were used due to high heterogeneity. The pooled severity rate among confirmed mpox cases in Africa was 43.8% (95% CI: 36.3-51.6; n = 5,417; 37 reports). The pooled CFR was 3.8% (95% CI: 1.9-7.6; n = 6,877; 43 reports) for confirmed cases and 2.5% (95% CI: 1.3-4.6; n = 3,815; 47 reports) for suspected cases. A significant temporal decline was observed; after the 2022 global outbreak, the CFR for confirmed cases dropped to 1.04% from 6.50% beforehand. Substantial geographical disparities existed, with the Central African region bearing the highest burden (severity: 45.51%; CFR: 5.44%), compared to West Africa (severity: 25.43%; CFR: 0.97%). Infections with Clades Ia and Ib were associated with higher severity, whereas Clade II was linked to milder disease. Key risk factors for severe outcomes and death included young age (< 10 years), HIV coinfection, lack of prior smallpox vaccination, and pregnancy. Community-based studies reported higher CFRs than hospital-based studies. No significant publication bias was detected, and sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the pooled estimates. This study confirms a high but declining burden of severe and fatal mpox in Africa, characterized by significant temporal, geographic, and clade-specific variations. While a global shift towards milder disease is evident, Central Africa remains disproportionately at risk due to the persistent circulation of more virulent clades and underlying health inequities. Sustained investment in surveillance, vaccination, and strengthened healthcare capacity in endemic regions is crucial to reduce future morbidity and mortality.

A dual-mode sensing platform for the detection of glucose based on the Au NPs@Fe-MOF with dual enzyme activity.

Digital health literacy refers to the ability to find, access, understand and evaluate health related information and apply health information obtained from digital sources. Digital health literacy has become an essential competency for health professionals in modern healthcare settings. With the increasing adoption of several digital softwares by the government of Nepal like District Health Information System, telemedicine, mobile health applications, public assets management System, health professionals are expected to effectively use digital platforms to deliver evidence-based care and communicate with patients and other providers. This study aims to assess the digital health literacy and its associated factors among health professionals in Kaski district, Nepal. A quantitative cross-sectional analytical study was done among 318 health professionals working in public and private health facilities of Kaski district. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires utilizing e-HEALS tools. Maintaining the health research ethics, multistage sampling technique was used to obtain the study participants. Data were analyzed in SPSS software using descriptive and inferential statistics including chi-square test and binary logistic regression. About 46.2% of the participants had a low level of digital health literacy. Most of the health professionals used digital health technology to gain information about diseases and fewer used it for patient follow-up. Although the majority of participants (73.8%) agreed that digital health technology has enhanced healthcare delivery, many participants expressed low confidence in making health related decisions using online information and had difficulty in understanding the limitations of online health resources. Additionally, factors such as; being a doctor (AOR = 5.176; 95% CI: 1.274-21.031), working in the Pharmacy department (AOR = 3.995; 95% CI: 1.129-14.141) and having a positive attitude towards use of digital technology (AOR = 0.544; 95% CI: 0.326-0.909) were identified as contributors to high digital health literacy. Notable, few participants had received training on digital health technology. Hence, training, practical workshops and simulation exercises should be organized to build confidence among health workers in health-related decision making using online information.

IMPACT This article explains why public administrations receive and evaluate IPSAS-based reform ideas differently at the moment of initial confrontation by using the 2012/2013 Eurostat consultation on the suitability of IPSAS as an illustrative case. The analysis shows that such evaluations are shaped by administrative traditions and by accountability structures. These institutional features condition how administrations assess the viability and problem-solving potential of IPSAS-inspired reforms, which produces systematic variations that extend beyond technical accounting considerations. A key implication for future European Union or national public sector accounting modernization efforts is that reform strategies should be tailored to administrative traditions, anticipate legalistic objections to principle-based standards and leverage the managerialist appeal of decision-usefulness.

Cognitive screening is essential for assessing mental health and identifying early cognitive vulnerability. This preliminary phase of a preregistered umbrella project (OSF: https://osf.io/8jz6k) implemented a structured cognitive assessment interview with federal public managers, representing an unprecedented initiative in Brazil. The main objective was to characterize the cognitive status of federal public leaders using a multimodal screening protocol and to examine the contributions of intellectual functioning and age to global cognitive performance. Seventy-eight leaders (Mage = 48.44, SD = 8.04) completed a standardized remote cognitive screening session including the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Brazilian version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and a dyadic short form of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III to estimate intellectual functioning. Brazilian normative data were applied for classification. Associations among age, intellectual functioning, and cognitive performance were examined using bivariate correlations, hierarchical regression, and bootstrap procedures with 5000 resamples. Mini-Mental State Examination scores were uniformly high (28.12 ± 1.74), reflecting ceiling effects typical of highly educated adults. Although most participants performed within the healthy range on the global Montreal Cognitive Assessment score (25.56 ± 2.70), the Memory Index Score identified a comparatively larger proportion of individuals within normative ranges associated with mild or more pronounced cognitive vulnerability, indicating heightened sensitivity to subtle episodic-memory changes. Intellectual functioning was a strong positive predictor of cognitive performance, whereas age emerged as a significant negative predictor only after controlling for intellectual functioning, consistent with cognitive-reserve models. Bootstrap confidence intervals supported the robustness of both predictors. The findings indicate preserved global cognition alongside meaningful heterogeneity in episodic-memory performance, underscoring the value of memory-sensitive indices for early cognitive monitoring in high-responsibility leadership contexts. Subsequent executive-function assessments from the umbrella project will further refine the identification of domain-specific cognitive profiles.

IMPACT The author presents a new analytical framework for understanding how credit rating agencies (CRAs) influence public sector financing and fiscal governance. For public officials, this framework clarifies how data choices, interpretive models, and institutional routines in CRAs affect borrowing costs, access to capital markets, and the credibility of fiscal rules. For public financial managers, it highlights where transparency, accountability, and oversight reforms can most effectively mitigate bias and procyclicality in sovereign and sub-sovereign ratings. The article transforms abstract debates on rating agency reform into actionable insights for fiscal governance, helping administrations anticipate rating behaviour, design more resilient debt-management strategies, and engage more strategically with CRAs.

Purpose: This study aims to examine and analyze the influence of user participation in information system development on system success. Furthermore, it evaluates the role of three contingency factors—top management support, task complexity, and locus of control—as moderating variables influencing this relationship in the context of public services in Indonesia. Method: The research employs a quantitative approach focusing on employees of the tax service office in Malang Regency. A sample of 50 respondents was selected using a simple random sampling technique via the Slovin method. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) and subgroup analysis to determine the type of moderating variables. Findings: The findings indicate that user participation has a significant positive relationship with information system success. All three contingency factors (management support, task complexity, and locus of control) were proven to act as quasi-moderators. Specifically, high management support and an internal locus of control strengthen the relationship between participation and system success. However, unlike previous studies, lower task complexity showed a greater influence on the relationship in this specific study. Implication: Practically, public sector managers should consider situational factors and individual characteristics before involving users in system development. User participation is not the sole determinant of success; active top management support and an understanding of employees' self-control orientation are crucial for ensuring effective information system implementation to improve public service. Originality: This study provides empirical evidence on the implementation of New Public Management in Indonesia, particularly within tax service offices. The novelty lies in the finding that task complexity in certain public sector organizations may exhibit different influence patterns on IT success compared to the private sector or organizations in other countries.

Membranous dysmenorrhea, characterized by the expulsion of intact endometrial tissue rather than gradual dissolution during menstruation, occasionally presents as a decidual cast-a complete triangular mold of the uterine cavity. This poorly understood condition is likely underdiagnosed. This study maps and describes the existing English literature on membranous dysmenorrhea and decidual cast expulsion, focusing on clinical presentation, etiology, and management. A scoping review was conducted according to Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and CINAHL were searched using the terms "membranous dysmenorrhea," or "membranacea dysmenorrhea," or "decidual cast," limited to English-language publications. The final search was performed in February 2026. Google Scholar and manual screening of references supplemented the search. English-language full text publications reporting on membranous dysmenorrhea or decidual cast expulsion were included, encompassing case reports, case series, and observational studies. Data extracted included publication type, geographical origin, patient demographics, clinical features, and management approaches. Thematic analysis was performed to identify key patterns. One hundred and thirteen publications met inclusion criteria, including 86 case reports/series describing 121 individual cases, plus 42 additional cases from a single-author report. Patient ages ranged from 9 to 53 years. Most cases involved vaginal passage of tissue, with or without pain. Early reports noted spontaneous and recurrent episodes, while recent cases were often sporadic and involved hormonal treatments, particularly progestins. Additional associations were infection, ectopic pregnancy, pregnancy in uterus bicornis/didelphys, and postpartum hemorrhage. Proposed etiologies include hormonal influences (endogenous/exogenous progesterone), endometritis, or normal menstruation variants. Most cases resolved without intervention. Some required dilatation and evacuation of the uterine cavity. Membranous dysmenorrhea and decidual cast expulsion are benign phenomena that might cause diagnostic confusion and unnecessary interventions. Increased clinical awareness is essential for appropriate counseling and to distinguish this condition from early pregnancy loss. Hormonal contraceptives might act as both triggers and therapeutic agents. Further research beyond case reports is needed.

Purpose The purpose of this research was twofold: (1) to examine the unique value that senior communicators bring to their organizations and clients' adoption of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) and (2) to understand if and how GAI adoption is impacting public relations as a strategic management function. Design/methodology/approach Drawing from excellence theory and role theory, researchers conducted 30 elite interviews with U.S. senior communicators who had experience working with GAI or managing a team using GAI. Findings Participants indicated that GAI is elevating the strategic management role and responsibilities of senior communicators in organizations and with clients. Participants counseled senior management and teams about the impact of AI on work processes, organizational and client reputations, and business outcomes. They helped to maintain transparency and accountability, thereby building trust with stakeholders regarding the GAI processes and their impact. Communicators committed to self-learning and exploration to guide employees and teams through technological change. Communicators reinvested time and energy in fostering in-person relationships grounded in trust and authenticity. Originality/value Senior communicators' contributions to organizations' implementation of GAI introduce a new domain of strategic influence to excellence theory. Data ethics is a more pronounced priority in today's AI world. Moreover, communicators' efforts to make GAI processes transparent might be viewed as an extension of two-way symmetrical communication, another tenet of excellence theory. Finally, this research suggests how the public relations manager's role is evolving to include responsibilities in data ethics, training, and relationship building.

Socioenvironmental, socioeconomic, and public management indicators as predictors of scorpionism in Brazil.

Purpose This article examines attempts to transform the funding, governance and management of municipal green spaces. It advances knowledge on what enables or prevents systemic change, focusing on the function and potential of rules within a three-year programme to “transform” greenspace management in the UK. We focus on how rules become interpretable and contestable “boundary objects” or interfaces between different actors as system change programmes are implemented. Design/methodology/approach Based on a longitudinal qualitative investigation of the Future Parks Accelerator programme, a system change programme that spanned eight UK locations, the article shows how attempts to rewrite the rules of public institutions fare under real-world conditions. Findings The research finds that participants in change programmes identify rules that are open to interpretation, test how far reinterpretation is possible and change or rewrite the way rules are applied. These processes of locating, testing and shifting depend on legitimacy and timing. This did not happen to the extent envisaged by the funders. Practical implications Policymakers should exercise caution over philanthropic or government funders' efforts to radically accelerate systemic change, instead embedding ambitions of paradigm shifts within the incremental, contested and continuous work of reinterpreting and realigning rules and resources through adaptive governance. Originality/value The article advances understanding of system change by emphasising the value of rules as malleable and contestable resources. This complements the current emphasis in public management literature on adaptive approaches to complex challenges. We question the continuing emphasis in policy and practice on rules as instrumental levers of change.

ABSTRACT Fiscal decentralization is widely expected to enhance local responsiveness and development outcomes by devolving authority and resources to subnational governments. Yet in many decentralized systems, expanded fiscal authority has not translated into transformative change. This study examines how local public managers make sense of fiscal constraints under constrained fiscal governance arrangements, using qualitative evidence from provincial and district governments in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Drawing on interviews with senior and mid‐level officials, the analysis shifts attention from fiscal capacity and performance outcomes to how public managers interpret fiscal constraints and frame policy problems. The findings show that fiscal constraints are framed as structural and externally determined; fiscal indicators function mainly as symbols of administrative compliance; and variation in fiscal capacity does not produce corresponding interpretive diversity. These patterns are reinforced through multilevel governance arrangements, particularly provincial mediation. Conceptually, the study introduces cognitive–institutional autonomy to explain how decentralization may expand administrative responsibility without expanding the perceived scope for policy action.