ABSTRACT Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with an array of physical, psychological and social changes. Adopting positive coping mechanisms following a TBI is important in maximising recovery outcomes including psychological wellbeing and quality of life. Using grounded theory methodology, this study explored the lived experiences of individuals recovering from severe TBI and the development of coping strategies. The research responds to a recognised gap in survivor-centred literature by prioritising the voices of individuals living with the long-term consequences of TBI. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight participants who sustained severe TBIs, capturing rich qualitative data on the psychological, social and cognitive challenges encountered during recovery. Five interrelated factors emerged as critical to the development of coping strategies: Purpose, Management and Acceptance which were found to interact dynamically, with Support and Understanding determining to adoption of Effective TBI Coping. The resulting TBI Model of Coping offers a survivor-informed framework that provides new insights into recovery processes following severe TBI. This research highlights the importance of tailored psychological support and the need for interventions that consider the multifaceted nature of coping. The model has practical implications for neurorehabilitation services and contributes to the advancement of personalised care for TBI survivors.

Brugian filariasis continues to affect marginalized populations in central coastal Kerala, causing chronic disability despite effective disease control. To address this, a vocational rehabilitation initiative under the Morbidity Management and Disability Prevention program was launched in Cherthala taluk to promote economic self-reliance and dignity through microfinancing and livelihood support. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of this initiative on the quality of life (QoL) of disabled filarial lymphoedema patients in Cherthala taluk, South India. A sequential explanatory mixed methods study was conducted among disabled filarial lymphoedema patients across eight different localities of Cherthala taluk. Appropriate statistical tests were used to analyse the quantitative data while a thematic framework approach was used to assess the qualitative data. The study included 40 disabled filarial lymphoedema patients whose mean age was 65.03±7.3y and 52.5% were females. The mean QoL scores showed a significant difference compared with those with moderate-grade lymphoedema in the Lymphatic Filariasis Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire domains of usual activities and disease burden. After rehabilitation, there was a statistically significant increase in the monthly income of the beneficiaries. The main themes that emerged following the qualitative analysis were economic impact, psychological impact and social impact. The vocational rehabilitation initiative significantly enhanced the QoL of filarial lymphoedema patients by fostering economic independence, psychological well-being and social inclusion. These findings highlight the need for holistic, community-based approaches in chronic disease rehabilitation and reintegration efforts.

Stroke is a major public health concern and a leading cause of disability and death in aging populations. Intrinsic capacity (IC), a concept introduced by the World Health Organization, reflects anindividual'soverall functional ability across multiple domains including cognition, psychological well-being, mobility, vitality, and sensory function. IC has emerged as a core metric within the healthy aging framework, but its prospective relationship with stroke risk remains unclear. A deeper understanding of this link may inform early, function-based prevention strategies. This study used data from 10,751 participants aged 45 years or older from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the association between IC and incident stroke, with stepwise adjustment for demographic, behavioral, and health-related covariates. Modeling IC as a continuous variable enabled examination of linear trends, while quartile-based classification allowed evaluation of potential non-linear associations and improved interpretability. Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests were used to compare stroke-free survival across IC quartiles. Restricted cubic spline analysis was performed to explore the presence of a non-linear association between IC and stroke risk. Robustness was tested through sensitivity analyses excluding participants with baseline cognitive impairment and those aged ≥80 years. Statistical analyses were conducted using Stata and R. Over a 7-year follow-up, 243 participants (2.26%) experienced incident stroke. Stroke incidence decreased progressively with increasing IC levels, from 4.84% in the lowest quartile to 0.46% in the highest. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed significantly lower cumulative stroke incidence among individuals with higher IC (log-rank p < 0.001). In fully adjusted Cox models, each one-point increase in IC was associated with a 35.1% reduction in stroke risk (HR = 0.649; 95% CI: 0.599-0.702). Compared to the lowest IC quartile, the highest quartile had an 89.6% lower stroke risk (HR = 0.104; 95% CI: 0.055-0.197). Restricted cubic spline models confirmed a predominantly linear inverse association, with a steeper risk gradient at lower IC levels. Subgroup analyses revealed stronger protective associations in women, older adults (≥60 years), urban residents, and non-smokers or non-drinkers. Results remained consistent across all sensitivity analyses. Higher IC was independently associated with a significantly reduced risk of incident stroke, underscoring IC's potential as a holistic, function-based indicator of cerebrovascular vulnerability. These findings provide empirical support for the World HealthOrganization'shealthy aging framework, emphasizing IC as a modifiable reserve that reflects early, multidomain functional decline before clinical disease onset. Incorporating IC into routine screening and prevention strategies may enhance early identification of high-risk individuals and enable more targeted, function-oriented interventions, thereby promoting healthy aging and helping to reduce the future burden of stroke.

Third-wave psychotherapeutic approaches, which emphasise acceptance and mindfulness, have shown effectiveness in alleviating negative affect. This study examined the role of self-compassion in the relationship between resilience and negative affect, including symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression. A cross-sectional design was employed with 494 adults from the general population. Participants completed the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), and the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS). Regression analyses indicated that higher resilience was associated with lower levels of negative affect and self-compassion was significantly correlated with both resilience and negative affect. Mediation analyses revealed a significant indirect effect, suggesting that self-compassion is associated with a portion of the variance in the relationship between resilience and negative affect. These findings highlight a notable association between self-compassion, resilience, and emotional distress, suggesting that self-compassion may be a relevant construct for interventions aimed at enhancing psychological wellbeing.

Wounded inner child and mental well-being are two salient components of psychological health among university students that influence their capacity to adapt to academic demands and the developmental challenges of emerging adulthood. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of wounded inner child experiences among students and to examine their relationship with levels of mental well-being. Employing a correlational quantitative design, the research sampled 272 undergraduates and assessed childhood-derived wounds and mental well-being using standardized instruments. Results indicate a significant negative association between wounded inner child scores and mental well-being (r = –0.469), with the dimensions of shame/low self-worth, suppressed anger, and feelings of unlovability contributing most strongly to reduced well-being. These findings suggest that higher levels of wounded inner child experiences are associated with lower emotional and psychological well-being. Overall, the study underscores the importance of counseling interventions that target emotional wound repair and the strengthening of adaptive capacities to promote student mental-health in higher education settings.

Objective This study aimed to investigate the impact of ward noise management combined with comprehensive nursing intervention on cognitive function, psychological health, and prognosis in post-stroke patients. Methods A total of 144 stroke patients admitted between January 2022 and December 2023 were randomized into a control group and an experimental group, with 72 patients in each group. The control group received conventional care, while the experimental group received systematic ward noise management (including noise control of medical equipment, medical staff, other patients in the same ward, and visiting family members) in addition to comprehensive nursing intervention (encompassing holistic assessment, individualized care plans, multidisciplinary collaboration, patient education, and continuous monitoring). Cognitive function, psychological status, motor function, quality of life, and complication rates were assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), Stroke-specific Quality of Life Scale (SS-QOL), and complication records. Results The results showed that after the intervention, the experimental group demonstrated significantly greater cognitive recovery than the control group, with large effect sizes for MoCA (Cohen’s d = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.45–1.05) and MMSE ( d = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.50–1.10). Motor function (FMA) improved more substantially in the experimental group, yielding a mean difference (MD) of 13.71 (95% CI: 9.94–17.48). Similarly, psychological well-being improved significantly, with MDs of −5.03 for HAMD (95% CI: −6.25 to −3.81) and −2.82 for HAMA (95% CI: −3.80 to −1.84). Quality of life (SS-QOL) also showed a moderate-to-large increase (MD = 13.23, 95% CI: 3.83–22.63). Furthermore, the experimental group had significantly lower odds of complications (OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.18–0.70; p = 0.021) compared to the control group. Conclusion In conclusion, the results suggest that the integration of ward noise management with comprehensive nursing intervention may contribute to improvements in cognitive function, motor recovery, psychological health, quality of life, and clinical prognosis in post-stroke patients. This combined approach offers a promising strategy for optimizing rehabilitation outcomes and reducing complications. Further multicenter studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to validate these findings and refine intervention protocols.

The paper has particularly focused on the role of married women in household chores and how it impacts their mental health. Several factors have been taken into consideration; like verbal aggression, social isolation, and Internalization of blame , respectively. All these factors have hurt the mental health of women. The issue of women has been described with the help of ‘labelling theory’, where the person tries to withdraw from all the social events and activities due to consistent devaluation and rejection from people. The withdrawal has thereby resulted in constricting social networks with minimal attempts to seek jobs. This study examines the association between unpaid domestic work and the mental health of married women. Unpaid domestic labour, including cooking, cleaning, childcare, eldercare, and emotional management within the household, remains disproportionately performed by women across socio-economic groups. Despite variations in education, employment status, and income, domestic responsibilities continue to be structured around traditional gender norms, positioning women as primary caregivers and household managers. The study investigates how the intensity and distribution of unpaid domestic work influence psychological well-being, stress levels, and burnout risk among married women. The paper has adhered to both primary and secondary data. The sampling technique is purposive, where participants have been selected deliberately. The primary data has been collected through in-depth interviews, which have helped gain deeper insight into the problem. While the secondary data has been effective in gathering the existing problem, with giving shape and an idea about the problem. The findings reveal a significant positive association between hours spent on unpaid domestic work and elevated levels of perceived stress, emotional exhaustion, and reduced life satisfaction. Women engaging in longer hours of domestic labour reported chronic fatigue, irritability, sleep disturbances, and limited personal time. Employed women experienced role conflict and time-based stress due to balancing paid employment with household responsibilities, while unemployed women reported feelings of invisibility, dependency, and diminished self-worth

This study undertakes a comparative examination of the Torah and the Holy Qur’an regarding the human being’s mission and function in life-the purpose for which God Almighty created humankind. It addresses the identification of the fundamental and original mission entrusted to the human being, as well as points of similarity and difference in both religions, through clarifying key concepts and terminology and analyzing passages from the Torah and the Qur’an that relate to this topic. The study concludes that, in the Torah, the human mission and function is framed as a particular form of vicegerency assigned to a particular people - “God’s chosen people” - which does not support the foundations of building a nation and its civilization. By contrast, in the Holy Qur’an, the human mission and function is represented in realizing vicegerency on earth in its proper form; this constitutes a hallmark of Islamic civilization, a pillar of social life, and a basis for psychological well-being in this world and the hereafter, as well as for social and global peace.

Background/Objectives: Although they differ in terms of epidemiological incidence, melanoma and sarcoma are rare, aggressive cancers with a substantial impact on patients’ quality of life and that of their caregivers. Caregivers, who are often family members, experience high levels of stress, anxiety, and caregiving burden, leading to significant psychological, social, and economic repercussions. The aim of this scoping review was to identify the assessment tools used to study the quality of life and psychological well-being of caregivers of patients with melanoma and/or sarcoma, and to highlight the main areas of difficulty. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO databases identified 325 studies, of which 16 met the inclusion criteria. Eligible studies were English language publications focusing on caregivers of adult patients (&gt;18 years) with melanoma or sarcoma. Reviews, case reports, animal studies, or clinical trials, abstracts, books or book chapters, and studies without clear information on assessment tools or involving the pediatric population were excluded. Results: The studies included (2007–2024) involve 3464 caregivers in all, 211 of whom were caring for patients with melanoma or sarcoma. Caregivers were predominantly female (women-to-men ratio of 2:1) with an average age of 50 years. Caregivers presented severely impaired quality of life, high psychological distress, economic and work difficulties, and limited access to emotional support. Conclusions: Cancer caregiving emerges as a complex process influenced by individual, relational, and contextual factors that affect psychological well-being. Despite limitations related to the small number of studies, the predominance of melanoma-focused research, limited sample diversity, and heterogeneous designs and assessment tools, this review highlights the need for a theoretically grounded and clinically integrated approach that recognizes caregivers as active yet vulnerable participants within the care system.

Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) causes reduced functional capacity, impaired quality of life, and frequent rehospitalisation. Although guidelines recommend cardiac rehabilitation (CardRehab), referral rates remain low. The MEDIAN Heart Failure Registry evaluated short- and midterm outcomes of inpatient CardRehab in routine practice. A prospective multicentre registry included 808 patients with clinically stable HFrEF (LVEF ≤ 40%) undergoing inpatient cardiac rehabilitation across 17 German centres (2019-2020). Clinical outcomes-6-min walk test, bicycle ergometry, echocardiographic LVEF, NYHA class, NT-proBNP (subset), and patient-reported outcomes (KCCQ, HADS)-were assessed at admission, discharge, and 6months post-discharge. A structured follow-up survey evaluated adherence to lifestyle changes and the sustainability of effects after the 22.8-day inpatient stay. A total of 808 patients (mean age, 65years; 16.6% females) showed significant improvements in physical and psychosocial parameters. Mean LVEF increased from 31.1% (SD 9.0) to 35.9% (SD 10.7; p < 0.01), mean 6-min walk distance from 306m (SD 136) to 388m (SD 158; p < 0.01), and mean bicycle ergometry from 27.8 W (SD 15.4) to 49.5 W (SD 26.4; p < 0.01). Mean NT-proBNP decreased (p < 0.01). KCCQ and HADS scores improved significantly. Inpatient mortality rate during rehabilitation was 0.6% (5/808), and the rehospitalisation rate due to heart failure was 2.8% (23/808). There were two documented cancellations of rehabilitation. At 6-month follow-up, benefits remained stable with high adherence to recommended behaviours. Cardiac rehabilitation was associated with improvements in physical capacity, left ventricular function, psychological well-being, and quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure, alongside low observed rehospitalisation rates during follow-up.

Enhancing psychological well-being in high-density residential areas through biophilic environment: pathways and factors

Leadership styles play a crucial role in shaping nurses' psychological well-being and communication behaviours, especially in high-stress settings like critical care. Paternalistic leadership-characterised by benevolence, moral integrity and authority-has gained recognition for its impact on healthcare outcomes. However, its influence on organisational dissent, particularly through the lens of psychological well-being, remains underexplored. To Investigate the Mediating Role of Psychological Well-Being in the Relationship Between Paternalistic Leadership and Organisational Dissent Among Nurses in Critical Care Settings. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted. A convenience sample from 23 critical care units in a large educational government hospital participated. Data were collected using the Paternalistic Leadership Scale, Psychological Well-Being Scale and Organisational Dissent Scale. Statistical analyses included Pearson correlation, regression and path analysis. Among 460 nurses, paternalistic leadership was positively correlated with psychological well-being (r = 0.263, p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with organisational dissent (r = -0.278, p < 0.001). Psychological well-being also negatively correlated with dissent (r = -0.258, p = 0.001). Regression and path analysis confirmed that psychological well-being partially mediated the relationship between paternalistic leadership and organisational dissent. The mediation model showed statistically significant direct and indirect effects. Paternalistic Leadership Enhances Nurses' Psychological Well-Being and Reduces Organisational Dissent. Psychological Well-Being Acts as a Partial Mediator, Emphasising Its Importance in Translating Leadership Support Into Reduced Dissent Behaviours. Fostering paternalistic leadership and supporting nurses' psychological well-being are critical to maintaining constructive communication and reducing harmful dissent. Healthcare institutions should implement leadership development and mental health support initiatives to improve workforce morale and patient care.

An attitude of gratitude: How psychological and social resources mediate the protective effect of religiosity on depressive symptoms.

This study examined the longitudinal association between Chinese adolescents' perceptions of three dimensions of both parents' psychological control (i.e., relational induction, social comparison shaming, and harsh control) and their psychological well-being, indicated by life satisfaction and affective distress. We also explored the mediating roles of adolescents' basic psychological needs satisfaction and frustration, as well as adolescent gender differences in the associations. Three-wave data were collected from 895 adolescents (52.07% girls, Mean age = 13.42 ± 1.26 years at baseline) in three urban secondary schools located in Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province and Chongqing, China. Structural equation modelling analyses showed that adolescents' perceptions of both parents' harsh control were associated with lower life satisfaction and higher affective distress over time, indirectly through the mediation of needs (dis)satisfaction. Parents' social comparison shame as perceived by adolescents was significantly associated with their lower life satisfaction (but not higher affective distress) directly. In contrast, perceived paternal relational induction was directly linked with higher life satisfaction and lower affective distress, while perceived maternal relational induction was indirectly associated with lower life satisfaction and higher affective distress through the mediation of needs frustration. No significant gender differences were identified among adolescents. The findings highlight potential distinctions between individual PC dimensions and between psychological need (dis)satisfaction and frustration.

Adolescent fragile connectedness with caregivers is a process in which, rather than experiencing a consistent sense of connection with caregivers, adolescents' feelings of closeness and connection are highly reliant on the day-to-day experiences with caregivers. In the current study, we hypothesized that fragile connectedness would be a risk factor for internalizing psychopathology outcomes (depression, anxiety) and positive well-being (flourishing, psychological well-being), either as a main effect or by moderating the relation between general caregiver-adolescent connectedness and long-term outcomes. This study presents a secondary analysis of data from a sample of 150 9th and 10th grade adolescents (61.3% girls) in 9th and 10th grade (Mage = 14.61) living in two-caregiver families in the Mid-Atlantic region of the US. Adolescents and caregivers completed a baseline assessment, 21-day daily diary burst, and 1-year follow-up assessment. Adolescents reported on daily connectedness with caregivers, depression, anxiety, psychological well-being, and flourishing. Caregivers reported on daily positive parenting. Fragile connectedness was measured as individual differences in the within-person relations between daily variation in positive parenting and adolescents' connectedness with caregivers. Outcomes were regressed on fragile connectedness, average connectedness, baseline measures of outcomes, adolescent gender, family income, living with both biological caregivers and the interaction between fragile and average connectedness. Fragile connectedness was directly associated with decreases in psychological well-being and flourishing, but not with depression or anxiety. Average connectedness with caregivers was associated with decreases in adolescent depression over time. Implications for future research are in the emphasis on the importance of dynamic characteristics of the family (i.e., fragile connectedness) for adolescent well-being.

The Body Acceptance by Others Scale-2: An examination of its psychometric properties in a French-Canadian adult sample.

Consumer behaviour is known to change during trying times as consumption has implications for the self. In fact, the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic saw a rise in self-gifting. Adopting a psychological lens, this novel study explored females’ experiences of self-gifting luxury fashion during the pandemic. Given the under-researched area, an exploratory qualitative approach was adopted and interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to understand participants’ experiences. A homogenous sample of four females were interviewed using semi-structured interviews to elicit rich data. Findings demonstrated that self-gifting of luxury fashion during the pandemic was a complex phenomenon that seemed to contribute to participants’ psychological well-being. The discussion links and extends the literature on self-gifting, luxury consumer behaviour and consumption during trying times. It highlights implications for academic research, individuals, brands and retailers.

Impaired kidney function in the non-transplant chronic kidney disease (CKD) population has been shown to negatively affect patients' health related quality of life (HRQOL). The relationship between posttransplant graft function, as measured by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and patient-reported outcomes (PRO) remains poorly understood. This study evaluates the associations between eGFR and PRO in kidney transplant recipients to inform clinical strategies aimed at optimizing both physical and psychological well-being. Longitudinal data were collected using previously-described procedures and a multi-survey PRO battery. Logistic regression models evaluated relationships, at the last follow-up point, between eGFR strata, time posttransplant, age at PRO, whether there had been a previous kidney transplant or the donor was deceased or living, and the likelihood of physical or mental HRQOL being substantive low and of symptoms of depression or anxiety being reported. Parallel multivariable mixed effects models, that included all longitudinal data points for each participant, examined relationships between eGFR and continuous PRO scores and their temporal trajectories. The study included 2116 adult kidney transplant recipients and over 9500 unique multi-survey observation points over a 19-year period. After adjusting for age (p < 0.001), donor type, time posttransplant, and prior kidney transplantation, there was a statistically significant association between eGFR/CKD strata and the likelihood of physical HRQOL being substantively low (p < 0.001) at the last PRO assessment. CKD stage 4 or 5 was independently associated with a 1.5 times increased likelihood of reporting symptoms of depression (OR: 1.50; 95% CI 1.16, 1.95) and anxiety (OR = 1.48; 95%CI: 1.14, 1.92) compared to those with eGFR ≥ 60mL/min/1.73m2. Longitudinal analyses comprising all data points demonstrated that increased eGFR was associated with better physical and mental HRQOL and reduced symptoms of depression and anxiety. Impaired graft function is significantly associated with decreased physical HRQOL and increased symptoms of depression and anxiety in kidney transplant recipients. These findings underscore the importance of close monitoring and early interventions targeting physical and psychological well-being as graft function declines.

Evaluation of outcome measures for assessing problematic pornography use: A COSMIN systematic review of measurement properties.

Magnetic hyperthermia's potential in triple-negative breast cancer treatment.