Purpose Psychological research has historically been limited in terms of inclusivity and, as a result, so has the diversity of participant groups and research topics. Whereas recommendations for inclusive research practices in psychology exist, they are limited and typically focus on one specific aspect of inclusivity (e.g. gender, race/ethnicity) rather than inclusivity more broadly. To address this gap, a working group from the Centre for Appearance Research engaged in a reflexive process to develop guidelines to enhance inclusivity in our own work and our discipline more generally. In this paper, we present these guidelines. Design/methodology/approach The initial guidelines were developed through a review of relevant literature, combined with an iterative feedback process. The guidelines were then refined and updated in 2024 to ensure they remain relevant and comprehensive. Findings This paper presents the finalised guidelines, which provide practical recommendations to enhance inclusivity at each stage of the research process. We also discuss three considerations critical to inclusive research that are relevant throughout the whole research process including: (1) Reflexivity and Positionality; (2) Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement; and (3) Conducting Research with Impact. Originality/value This paper contributes novel guidance for increasing inclusivity in psychological and social science research, offering a structured approach with actionable recommendations to foster diversity and meaningful impact.

ABSTRACT Psychology has failed to meet an epistemological imperative. Presently and formerly incarcerated people are rarely included in psychological scholarship about the carceral system as co-constructors of knowledge. Grounded in Liberation Psychology, this research centers the wisdoms of grassroots organizers from New York’s Release Aging People in Prison (RAPP) campaign. This study aims both to critique the current parole application process and challenge traditional Western psychological research methods for studying dehumanization. Analyses and policy recommendations stem from focus group data regarding how survivor-organizers (1) understand, critique, and advocate for reforming the parole application process, and (2) evaluate and critically respond to psychological research approaches to understanding dehumanization. I weave in reflexivity by narrating trial and error, as I engage the “knots” of epistemic justice and ultimately, make the case for participatory commitments in research. Overall, the findings indicate an urgent need for both policy change and psychologists’ solidarity with liberation movements.

The first-order autoregressive [AR(1)] model is widely used to investigate psychological dynamics. This study focusses on the estimation and inference of the autoregressive (AR) effect in AR(1) models under a limited sample size-a common scenario in psychological research. State-of-the-art estimators of the autoregressive effect are known to be biased when sample sizes are small. We analytically demonstrate the causes and consequences of this small sample bias on the estimation of the AR effect, its variance and the AR(1) model's intercept, particularly when using OLS. In addition, we reviewed various bias correction methods proposed in the time-series literature. A simulation study compares the OLS estimator with these correction methods in terms of estimation accuracy and inference. The main result indicates that the small sample bias of the OLS estimator of the autoregressive effect is a consequence of limited information and correcting for this bias without more information always induces a bias-variance trade-off. Nevertheless, correction methods discussed in this research may offer improved statistical power under moderate sample sizes when the primary research goal is hypothesis testing.

ABSTRACT Studies of higher education illustrate that summative assessments have important implications for learner access to opportunities or rewards, and learner perceptions of summative assessment fairness can affect learning and motivation. At the same time, social psychology research suggests perceptions of fairness may differ depending upon learner self-identities, but studies of assessment in higher education have not fully incorporated self-theories of students. We posit that undergraduate self-construals, or how individuals perceive themselves in relation to others, can play a role in perceptions of summative assessment fairness. The aims of this study are to better understand relationships between self-construals and perceptions of summative assessment fairness, and to explore whether self-esteem moderates relationships between self-construals and perceived fairness of summative assessment outcomes. The sample included 214 undergraduate students from the US (105) and South Korea (109). Participants completed multiple rounds of a learning task, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, via computers in lab settings and were asked about their general perceptions of fairness for absolute and relative assessment procedures, and their perceptions of fairness for manipulated summative assessment outcomes based upon their performance on the WCST. No direct relationship between self-construals and general perceptions of relative or absolute summative assessment procedure fairness were identified. However, results do indicate that students oriented towards interdependent self-construals with high self-esteem were more likely to accept lower summative assessment outcome values as fair relative to students oriented towards interdependent self-construals with low self-esteem. The opposite moderating effect of self-esteem is present for students oriented towards independent self-construals.

The study of intertemporal choices (ITC) plays a vital role in psychological and behavioral economics research. Models of intertemporal choice (ITC) have traditionally focused on choices. A growing interest in the underlying cognitive processes has initiated the development of process models. Process models require process data, and yet ITC research has largely overlooked even the simplest process data - response times (RTs). We present a large-scale dataset of choices and response times from 100 ITC studies with 11,852 subjects and 1,172,644 trials. In addition to behavioral data, we collected various methodological and sample information (e.g., task procedure, incentivization). The objective of the large-scale dataset is to facilitate the development of more nuanced and accurate theories of ITC. The associated ITC Database is open to ongoing submissions and is projected to expand continuously.

The idea that racial prejudice contributes to discrimination not only deliberately but also in a more automatic fashion has been one of the most prominent topics in social psychological research in the past 30 years. Much of the evidence for theories of automatic prejudice stems from the use of indirect measures of implicit attitudes, yet meta-analyses give differing estimates regarding the predictive validity of such measures. The present adversarial collaboration provides a test of the relationships between prominent measures of implicit racial attitudes and discriminatory behavior using a set of established lab-based paradigms among a sample of White Americans (N = 2,114). Using structural equation models that can account for measurement error, frequentist and Bayesian multiverse analyses confirmed that White Americans' performance on indirect measures correlate modestly with these behavioral outcomes, and explain unique variance (∼2.5%) beyond direct, self-report measures of racial attitudes. At the same time, self-report measures exhibited greater predictive and incremental validity than indirect measures (explaining ∼45% of the variance) despite behavioral measures of discrimination displaying weak internal reliability. Results provided some support for greater predictive and incremental validity for indirect measures among participants scoring relatively low on measures of executive function and motivation to control prejudice. These results lend themselves to both relatively optimistic and pessimistic interpretations concerning scientific and practical significance. All collaborators agree that the best path forward is collaborative and focused on the generalizability of implicit racial attitudes to high-accountability organizational settings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Waiting for translation: A review of translational research in psychological treatment.

Mapping the scholarly landscape: A bibliometric mosaic of socio-cultural influences on children's self-regulation.

Bridging research and practice in the psychology of doping in sport: Reflections and future directions.

Mental health in sport: Opportunities for the future of recreational and elite sport psychology.

Lonely minds in lonely bodies: Loneliness as insufficient psychological and neurophysiological self-other overlap.

<p><strong>Context and relevance.</strong> Contradictions between the importance of teacher professionalism for the state and society, and the uncertainty of his main professional abilities; the importance of mathematics for the development of the individual and its prospects, and the quality of mathematical education indicated in the documents of the Government – all this causes a scientific problem, which consists in the uncertainty of approaches to the study of the key abilities of the teacher, which cannot but affect education and society. <strong>Objective</strong>. Actualization of N.A. Aminov’s model of pedagogical abilities within its core component — the reflective module — using the example of mathematics teachers. <strong>Methods and materials.</strong> Historical and psychological reflection on the works of N.A. Aminov; a theoretical analysis of studies on the psychology of teacher abilities, including the ability to understand the emotions of schoolchildren, using the example of mathematics teachers; and the formalization and refinement of N.A. Aminova’s model of pedagogical abilities. <strong>Conclusions.</strong> The reflective module, which is the basic module for the structure of the main components of pedagogical abilities when using the additive principle, is concretized in reflexivity, pedagogical intentionality – the focus of the teacher's consciousness on the student as a subject of education, resistance to emotional burnout, and perceptive abilities – sensitivity to the student's experiences and difficulties. The severity of the basic – reflective module of teacher's pedagogical abilities can be determined using the proposed formula for the integral index. Since teaching mathematics predetermines the success of a student in other disciplines, the study of the pedagogical abilities of a mathematics teacher is an important and promising direction in psychological and pedagogical research. In the future, it is planned to study the application of the integral index to the analysis of the reflective module of pedagogical abilities using artificial intelligence, including for teachers of other profiles.</p>

Psychology and its professionals face high expectations from the general public regarding their work to benefit individuals and society. Within the field itself, psychology has a collective memory that serves as a source of guidance. This memory has a strong ethical component that includes reflecting critically on practices that violate human rights or professional standards. This reflection is intended to prevent the recurrence of such practices.A survey was conducted among members of German-speaking professional associations to determine which areas are relevant to the culture of remembrance and to identify signs of dimensionality in the psychological culture of remembrance. Of the approximately 500 German, Austrian, and Swiss scientific psychology associations invited to participate in the survey, only 54 experienced colleagues responded.Many areas were indicated as being equally important, such as psychologists as victims of Nazi persecution, psychologists as perpetrators in the GDR, and psychologists in democratic reconstruction after 1945. Other important areas included certain areas of psychological research, such as justice, women's emancipation, totalitarian character, problem solving, and general experimental psychology. The theoretically assumed dimensionalization of memory cultures into ethical and scientific dimensions was empirically expanded to include four dimensions: psychologists as perpetrators, victims, and innovators; psychology in the context of human rights and justice; psychology as a science; and the critical role of psychology.Finally, the viability of the findings for reflection on memory culture within psychology and related disciplines is discussed. These findings are also relevant to efforts in the field's current third mission and to psychotraumatology's work to bring closure to victims of injustice.

'Habit theory' is a pervasive framework that describes addiction as a transition from goal-directed use (e.g. of drugs) to habitual response, accompanied by a neurobiological shift in fronto-striatal brain circuitry. As a theory that has been explored in the context of substance addictions, this article evaluates the conceptual fit of habit theory to gambling behavior and gambling disorder, and summarizes recent empirical evidence. Relevant research falls into two main themes. First, studies have compared behavioral markers of habit (e.g. the two-step task, Pavlovian-to-Instrumental Transfer effects) in groups with and without gambling problems. These studies find limited direct support for the hypothesis. Second, psychological research has begun to examine habit-like behaviors in naturalistic gambling. These studies find behavioral expressions consistent with habit formation, primarily during engagement with slot machines, but are yet to test key tenets of habit theory such as insensitivity to outcome devaluation. Modern gambling products (e.g. slot machines, in-play sports betting) create rich learning environments that may be highly amenable to habit formation. Further research is needed to develop and validate new tools for testing habit formation and habit strength / persistence in the context of gambling.

Emerging research suggests that whether inflammation promotes social approach or social avoidance behavior may depend on the context. However, little is known about what such contexts are. Addressing this gap, the present research examined how inflammation is associated with two common daily social behaviors varying in interaction modality. Building on work showing inflammation's role in psychological states such as fatigue and vigilance toward physical and psychological threats and research on social media's role as an energy efficient, mediated communication tool, we hypothesized that inflammation would be associated with more social media use (SMU) over face-to-face interactions (FtF) and with more social media use for social interaction (SMUSI) over FtF. To test our hypotheses, we recruited college students who provided their blood samples to be assayed for C-reactive protein (CRP), a biomarker of systemic inflammation, and completed questionnaires assessing personality, SMU, SMUSI, FtF, and other measures. Extending prior work, CRP was associated with SMU over FtF and SMUSI over FtF. Importantly, these patterns were stronger among individuals with higher introversion and individuals with higher neuroticism. These results provide initial evidence that naturally occurring inflammation may be linked to a stronger preference for a particular social behavior (SMU) over another (FtF) and suggest that such tendency may vary by people with different personality traits. Broadly, the present research contributes to the burgeoning research on inflammation and social behavior and highlights for whom and when social media may be used to fulfill affiliative needs.

ABSTRACT The neoliberal model of social organisation frames individualism as the dominant perspective to perceive the world and competition as its core practice. Interdependencies become marginalised, and ideas of social welfare and community are pushed aside. Mutual aid efforts not only aim to provide relief for resulting social inequalities but further seek to build new social relations. Adopting a feminist institutionalist approach, this paper aims to contribute to a move away from neoliberal structuring of social relations by analysing how collectivity among volunteers is formed. Based upon ethnographic fieldwork and eight interviews with volunteers in the context of Lesvos, Greece, this paper contextualises the role of collectivity among volunteers working in mutual aid organisations along the lines of in/formalities. It provides a deeper understanding of the role of affect by exploring practical tools through which affective collectivity is formed: care and collective joy. The paper argues that in/formalities are not distinct spheres but, much like the private‐public domains, constantly flow into and influence each other. While extending previous psychological research, the present paper shows that practices of care and collective joy, intertangled with in/formalities, offer possibilities to form affective mutual relationships between volunteers and are an integral part of collectivity formation.

In psychological research, a common factor model is the most popular measurement model for scale items. However, there is increasing awareness that alternative measurement models, such as formative models, may make more theoretical sense for many kinds of psychological data. We demonstrate the nesting structure of three models specified in a structural equation modeling framework: a reflective confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), a formative Henseler-Ogasawara confirmatory composite analysis, and a formative pseudo-indicator model. Unlike CFA, Henseler-Ogasawara confirmatory composite analysis and pseudo-indicator model allow for the specification of composites in the structural equation modeling framework. In this article, we establish both theoretically and empirically that these three models are nested within one another, as long as the structural part of each model is saturated. As such, the three models can be compared via a chi-square difference test and other fit indices developed for nested models. We report on the results of a small simulation to evaluate whether the chi-square difference test and the root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA) based on it (RMSEAD) can reliably discern whether data were sampled from a CFA or a formative measurement model, varying sample size, indicator weights, and the strength of the correlation with another concept. In two empirical examples, we illustrate how tools for nested model comparison can be used to distinguish among reflective and formative measurement models. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Social well-being is a central determinant of health and quality of life in aging, yet older adults are increasingly at risk of isolation and loneliness. Religious and spiritual engagement (RSE) has been identified as an essential contributing factor to social connections and resilience. This narrative review guided by the Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles (SANRA) integrates multidisciplinary research in gerontology, psychology, sociology, and theology to explore the way in which RSE contributes to the social well-being of older adults. The review further emphasizes cultural and global diversity, illustrating how spiritual traditions and practices across societies enhance identity, belonging, and continuity in later life. It also considers emerging digital forms of spiritual engagement that expand access and reshape community participation. This paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of these findings for public health policy and geriatrics, emphasizing the need to consider spiritual well-being as a part of holistic perspectives of aging.

In table tennis training, pose-based motion analysis is of great significance for technical evaluation and training feedback. With the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI), pose estimation provides a new technical approach for real-time and refined motion analysis. This study proposes a Lightweight Attention-enhanced Fusion Pose Estimation Network (LAFPose), which is improved based on YOLOv8m-Pose. The model adopts MobileNetV3 as the backbone feature extraction network, introduces the Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) and the adaptive key point enhancement module, and replaces the up-sampling module with the Content-Aware ReAssembly of Features (CARAFE) module. These designs make the network structure more lightweight and enhance its feature expression capability. Experiments on table tennis videos from the University of Central Florida 101 (UCF101) dataset show that LAFPose achieves an accuracy of 86.8% with a model size of only 33.2MB and a computational cost of 46 GFLOPS, achieving a better balance between lightweight performance and precision. In the empirical study, 120 athletes receive AI system intervention. Three groups are designed: the real AI intervention group, the false feedback control group, and the traditional training group. The results show that the total motivation score of the real AI intervention group increases from 18.45 to 20.75, and its satisfaction score rises from 3.62 to 4.21. Both scores are significantly higher than those of the other groups (p < 0.001). Cohen's d reaches a large effect size. The results show that the pose-driven motion analysis and real-time feedback mechanism supported by LAFPose exhibit excellent performance in computational efficiency and analysis accuracy, and significantly enhance athletes' participation motivation and training experience. It holds important practical value for the design of intelligent sports training systems and sports psychology research.

Survey questionnaires are essential tools in psychological and educational research, as the data they gather directly influence research conclusions and policy decisions. A major challenge in ensuring data quality is identifying aberrant response patterns that can jeopardize research outcomes, as they may introduce errors into subsequent analyses, potentially resulting in flawed theoretical conclusions and misguided practical applications. This study presents a machine learning solution that employs autoencoder neural networks to detect aberrant response patterns in survey data as a computational method. We evaluated the effectiveness of autoencoder neural networks in identifying response anomalies through both simulated and real data. The results indicate that this approach can effectively detect anomalies in responses, providing researchers with more options for their analyses and subsequent conclusions. Ultimately, this enhances the trustworthiness of findings in psychological and educational research.