Psychological Reassurance Research Articles

Embracing mortality: psychological preparation on death in the guidance of stoic philosophy

Humanity's greatest fear is the inevitability of death, the ultimate fate that all strive to evade. This collective dread of mortality stems from its perceived malevolence. Across the ages, from religious rituals promising salvation to scientific efforts to delay death, human attempts to confront mortality vary widely. Yet death remains inescapable, a natural consequence of life. While religious doctrines offer comfort through ideas of an afterlife, and science views death as a biological challenge to be postponed. Conversely, philosophy advocates for an intellectual acceptance of death's inevitability. The Stoic Philosophy, in particular, advocate for the joyful acceptance of death as an integral part of life. This philosophical stance fosters a positive perspective on death, encouraging individuals to live life to its fullest potential. Embracing death with joy entails psychological reassurance and preparatory measures for life's inevitable end. This qualitative study explores psychological preparation for death using primary and secondary data sources. Primary sources include the philosophical texts by Seneca and Marcus Aurelius, specifically "Letters to Lucilius," "On the Shortness of Life," and "Meditations." Secondary data is collected from peer-reviewed journals, books, and reports that contextualize these works within modern psychological frameworks. The primary audience includes individuals preparing for death due to age or illness and those grieving loved ones, offering a pathway to peace and understanding through Stoic wisdom. Moreover, this will be a guidance to those who work with the terminally ill people to get psychological resilience. By embracing death, Stoicism encourages both the dying and the bereaved to find psychological reassurance and encourage all to live a meaningful life in the given time frame.

Measuring psychological reassurance and variable according to the weight for Weight Lifting. disability Alvezaawiyeh

The research included five chapters, the first chapter contained the definition of the research and included the introduction and the importance of the research, and researchers and scientists have wide interests in studying the relationship between athletic achievement and mental health. This is a recent phenomenon that did not exist before and began to be taken into consideration, which is one of the exciting topics that often It is subject to debate and controversy, and it often requires a review to find measures to measure these pollutants, hence the importance of research in identifying psychological health and its impact on athletes with special needs (physical disability) for the game of weightlifting according to the achievement variable. As for the research problem, it crystallizes in the axis that Players with physical disabilities are at a fluctuating level in mental health and with different differences, which leads to the performance being below the required level and thus negatively affecting the result of the lift, and given the importance of mental health and its impact on the different weights of weightlifting players for the challenged motor disability, this He drew the researcher's attention and prompted him to monitor this variable and measure the level of mental health of weightlifting players to challenge the movement disability of the variable of athletic achievement. Which leads to that the performance is below the required level and therefore this negatively affects the result of the lift, and given the importance of mental health and its impact on the different weights of weightlifting players for the challenge of motor disability, this drew the researchers’ attention and prompted him to monitor this variable and measure the level of mental health among lifters Weights for the challenged motor disability to the variable of athletic achievement. The aim of the research was to identify the differences in mental health according to the variables of academic achievement and weight of weightlifting players for the challenge of physical disability. While the hypothesis of the research is that there are statistically significant differences in mental health between weightlifting players for the challenge of motor disability according to the variable of athletic achievement. What are the areas of research? 1- The human domain: a sample of (Baghdad) governorate club players in weightlifting for the challenger of physical disabilities. Time period: 5/9/2020 until 10/1/2021 3 Spatial domain: the halls of the Paralympic Committee clubs. As for the third chapter, it included the research methodology and procedures, where the researcher used the descriptive approach to suit the research. The research sample included (30) players from the category of weightlifting players for the challenge of motor disabilities, representing four clubs who were randomly selected, with (10) players for light weight (48 -52 kg), (10) players for medium weight (67.5-70 kg) and (10) players for heavy weight (90-100 kg). The mental health scale was distributed to the research sample and then statistical treatments were performed. After correcting the sample answers, the data were analyzed using Variance analysis to reveal the significance of the significant differences between weights. Several conclusions were reached, the most important of which are: There is no difference in the level of mental health between the average scores of the light weight group and the average scores of the medium weight group, and the average scores of the heavy weight group

Psychological reassurance and its relationship to achievement motivation among football players

Psychological reassurance and its relationship to achievement motivation among football players

The Cognitive agility and its relationship to psychological fluency and psychological Tranquility among a sample of Yemeni youth

Positive psychology, as a contemporary trend, is concerned in cognitive agility with effective ability and skill, and the employment of psychological energy and positive emotions. The research aims to identify the level of cognitive agility, psychological fluency, and psychological reassurance among a sample of Yemeni youth, and to reveal the relationship of cognitive agility to both psychological fluency and psychological reassurance among them. In addition, to reveal the differences in the variables between sample members according to gender (male, female) and types of occupations. Descriptive correlation method was adopted. The research tools were applied: measures of cognitive agility, fluency, and psychological reassurance, on a sample of (122) Yemeni youth, who were randomly selected from the residents of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The most important results concluded that there is a high level of cognitive flexibility and fluency among the Yemeni youth surveyed. And the level of "above average" in their sense of psychological reassurance, and the existence of a relationship of cognitive agility with both psychological fluency and psychological reassurance, which is a significant correlation at the level of (0.01). There are statistically significant differences between males and females in the cognitive agility variable, which is significant in favor of females. There are statistically significant differences between the mean of males and females in the variable of psychological fluency in favor of males, and there are no statistically significant differences in psychological reassurance, likewise, there are no statistically significant differences in the three variables according to occupation.

Psychological adjustment with swimming among students of some colleges of physical ‎education and sport sciences in Kurdistan region.‎

The aim of the study is to:
 
 Building a measure of psychological reassurance for students of some faculties of physical education and sports sciences in the Kurdistan region.
 Identifying the relationship between psychological tranquility and psychological adjustment for students of some faculties of physical education and sports sciences in the Kurdistan Region.
 
 To verify the objectives of the research, the researcher assumed the following: There is a statistically significant correlation between psychological reassurance and psychological adjustment for students of some faculties of physical education and sports sciences in the Kurdistan Region.
 The researcher used the descriptive approach in the style of correlative studies, the research community was identified from the university students who numbered (247) representing some universities in the Kurdistan region of Iraq (Karmian, Salah al-Din, Sulaymaniyah, Koya, Halabja), distributed over (5) colleges. (160) students by random method and by lottery method as a construction sample and identify (20) exploratory samples and (50) students as a sample for application.
 After presenting, analyzing and discussing the findings of the researcher, several conclusions were reached:
 In light of the objectives of the research and the hypothesis and limits of the research sample, the method used and based on what the results of the statistical analysis in this study indicated, the researcher concluded from the following:
 The effectiveness of the psychological reassurance scale that the researcher built during the scientific research procedures, which indicated the ability of the scale in measuring psychological reassurance among students of some faculties of physical education and sports sciences in the Kurdistan Region. With the presence of significant differences between the students of the research sample, there is a relationship and a moral correlation between psychological reassurance and psychological adjustment in the research sample

THE LEVEL OF FEELING OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SECURITY AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO SOME VARIABLES IN OMANI SOCIETY IN LIGHT OF THE CORONA CORRUPTION 19

The study aimed at identifying the level of psychological security well as to identify the relationship and its relationship to some variables in Omani society in light of the Corona pandemic 19. And also identifies the differences in the level of feeling of psychological security according to the variable of gender, nature of work, and age. The sample of the study consisted of (311) of them (157) males and (154) females. A questionnaire was applied to measure the level of feeling of psychological security, which included (20) items, distributed on two dimensions: the first dimension is satisfaction with life under the Corona pandemic and includes (10) items, and the second dimension psychological reassurance in light of the Corona pandemic and includes (10) paragraphs. The results of the study indicated that there is a high level of psychological security in the Omani society in light of the Corona Covid 19 pandemic. And the absence of statistically significant differences due to the gender variable and the age variable, while there were statistically significant differences in the variable nature of work for the benefit of employees. The study recommended the necessity of providing members of society with social and psychological skills that enhance positive feelings, and achieve their presence and their social and psychological interaction in light of the pandemic of Corona Coved 19 by employing workshops and divergent conferences using modern electronic technologies.

Unemployment Anxiety in Light of the Coronavirus 2019 Pandemic and Its Relationship to Psychological Reassurance among Graduate Students at Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University

This research explored the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on increasing the unemployment anxiety levels of graduate students at Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University. To fulfill the objective of this study, 120 graduate students at the mentioned university were selected based on the convenience sampling method as the participants of the study. Sixty participants lost their jobs during the Coronavirus 2019 pandemic, but the rest had jobs. After determining the participants’ job conditions, the researchers administered Zung’s (1971) anxiety questionnaire via e-mail, Telegram, WhatsApp, Microsoft Teams, Zoom, WeChat, Google Meetings, and other social media platforms. One hundred and seven students (56 employed and 51 unemployed) completed the questionnaire and sent it back to the researchers. The parametric results divulged a notable difference between the anxiety level of the employed and unemployed groups, implying that the unemployed participants had much more anxiety during the Coronavirus 2019 pandemic. The implications of this research can be compelling for governments to take practical actions during fatal disasters such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

The psychological reassurance effect of mobile tracing apps in Covid-19 Era

As part of their public health policies, most countries have launched mobile tracing applications (apps) to reduce the spread of the COVID-19 virus and reassure their citizens. To the best of our knowledge, no study has explored the importance of ‘well-being’ and ‘trust in the future’ in the context of digital contact-tracing apps. This is an important gap, especially given the importance of citizens' acceptance of a mobile tracing app and its role in reassuring citizens. Therefore, we study the French government's tracing app—StopCovid—as experienced by a sample of 832 participants from France. The results establish strong links between perceived value and trust in government, well-being, and trust in the future, which are considered the key features of the reassurance effect in a pandemic context. In addition, a multigroup analysis (MGA) allows us to compare the effect of several moderators on the overall model, such as the users versus nonusers of tracking apps or infected versus noninfected with COVID-19. The study provides practical implications by highlighting how governments should deploy mobile tracing apps to contribute to public health and reassure their citizens during the pandemic.

تحليل المسار للعلاقات بين الشخصية المظلمة وکل من مفهوم الذات وتقديرها والرضا عن الحياة لدى مستويات مختلفة من القيادات التربوية. دراسة مقارنة تنبؤية .

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى بحث العلاقة السببية بين الشخصية المظلمة بابعادها المختلفة وکل من : تقدير الذات ومفهومها والرضا عن الحياة ، وکذا اختبار النموذج النظري حيال مکونات وأبعاد الشخصية المظلمة لدى عينات من القادة التربويين في مستويات مختلفة من الإدارة وتکونت العينة من 200 من القادة في الميدان التربوي (معلمين ، ووکلاء مدارس ، ومديريها ، وموجهي المواد)، واستعين بکل من :مقياس التوجه في الحياة لقياس الشخصية المظلمة، ومفهوم الذات ، والرضا عن الحياة ، ومقياس تقدير الذات ، وأظهرت النتائج أنه : يوجد عامل واحد يقف وراء مکونات الشخصية المظلمة لدى القادة التربويين ، و يوجد معامل ارتباط سالب بين درجات الشخصية المظلمة ودرجات تقدير الذات لدى القادة التربويين، ولا يوجد معامل ارتباط بين درجات الشخصية المظلمة ودرجات مفهوم الذات لدى القادة التربويين، کما يوجد معامل ارتباطسالب بين الرضا عن الحياة لدة القادة التربويين ، توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية فى مستوي السيکوباتية لصالح عينة الوکلاء ، کما توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية فى الرضا عن الحياة لصالح عينة الوکلاء، وأخيرا يمکن التنبؤ بالشخصية المظلمة من خلال کل من تقدير الذات والرضا عن الحياة This study attempted to investigate the causal relationship between the dark traits including its various dimensions and each of the following: the concept of self-esteem, the self-concept and life satisfaction. In addition, the study aimed at examining the theoretical model in terms of the components and dimensions of the dark traits among samples of educational leaders at different administrative levels. The sample consisted of 200 leaders in the educational field (Teachers, school heads, deputy heads and mentors of subjects). The following measurements were exploited: life orientation measurement to measure the dark traits, self-concept, and life satisfaction, and the self-esteem scale. The results manifested that there is one factor that constitutes the components of dark traits among the educational leaders. Plus, there is a negative correlation coefficient between the scores of dark traits and the scores of self-esteem among educational leaders. There is no correlation coefficient between the scores of dark traits and the scores of self-concept of educational leaders. There is also a negative correlation between satisfaction of the psychological life among educational leaders. There are statistically significant differences in the level of psychopathy in favor of the sample of deputy heads only. There are also statistically significant differences in life satisfaction and psychological reassurance in favor of the deputy heads. Finally, the dark traits can be predicted via self-esteem and life satisfaction.

CLINICAL ANALYSIS OF SUTIKA PARICHARYA W.S.R TO KASHYAPA SAMHITHA

Pregnancy and childbirth remain one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide for women of reproductive age. Frequent post-partum morbidity & its association with adverse perinatal outcomes suggest the need for postpar- tum care for both mother and baby. The number of maternal deaths related to childbirth, in India while consider- ing a civilization can do wonders in concern with Ayurveda. Puerperium is the period following childbirth during which the body tissues, especially the pelvic organ reverts approximately to the prepregnant state both anatomi- cally and physiologically [1]. During this period women require more immense care for physical, emotional, and physiological aspects. The management of puerperium is necessary to avoid infection, bleeding, severe anaemia, backache, postpartum psychosis etc. It also promotes the production of milk in sufficient quantity for the nour- ishment of new-borns and also helps in rapid recovery of the maternal health, so that the mother may be able to resume her normal activities as early as possible. Kashyapa Samhita, also known as Vriddhi jivakiya tantra is one of the earliest treatises on Ayurveda which is consulted especially in the field of Ayurveda Paediatrics, Gynaecol- ogy and Obstetrics. A woman who has just given birth to a child followed by the expulsion of placenta is called Sutika. Kashyapa Samhitha mentioned Sutika kala to be six months as all the Dhatus like raktha will resume to their original state by this time and the treatment pattern should be considered only after analysing the status of doshas and dhatus. Sutika not managed properly may suffer from 64[2] types of puerperal diseases. In Kashyapa samhitha, Ahara (Diet), Vihara (Lifestyle), Aushadi (Medicines) and Ashwasana (Psychological Reassurance), is explained in a detailed manner. Hence, the classical description of Sutika Paricharya along with its scientific in- terpretation with special reference to Kashyapa samhitha is elaborated here. Keywords: Sutika Paricharya, Kashyapa samhitha, Ayurveda, Postnatal.

اضطراب ما بعد الصدمة وعلاقته بقلق المستقبل لدى عينة من طلاب المرحلة الثانوية بمدارس الحد الجنوبي دراسة بحثية بتعليم منطقة جازان

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على العلاقة بين اضطراب ما بعد الصدمة وقلق المستقبل لدى عينة من طلاب المرحلة الثانوية بمدارس الحد الجنوبي بتعليم منطقة جازان, وقد تکونت عينة الدراسة من(300) طالبا تم اختيارهم بطريقة عشوائية طبقية من طلاب المرحلة الثانوية بمدارس الحد الجنوبي بمنطقة جازان، وقد تم استخدام مقياس اضطراب ما بعد الصدمة لدافيسون(1995), ومقياس قلق المستقبل للمشيخي (2009) بعد التحقق من الصدق والثبات, وتم استخدام معامل ارتباط بيرسون وتحليل التباين الأحادي للفروق واختبار شيفيه للمقارنات البعدية, وتوصلت الدراسة إلى وجود علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين اضطراب ما بعد الصدمة وقلق المستقبل لدى عينة من طلاب المرحلة الثانوية بمدارس الحد الجنوبي بتعليم جازان, ووجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في اضطراب ما بعد الصدمة بين طلاب المرحلة الثانوية في مدارس الحد الجنوبي بتعليم منطقة جازان تعزى لمتغير مکتب التعليم لصالح مکتب التعليم بالعارضة, کذلک وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في قلق المستقبل بين طلاب المرحلة الثانوية في مدارس الحد الجنوبي بتعليم منطقة جازان تعزى لمتغير مکتب التعليم لصالح مکتب التعليم بالعارضة, وقد أوصى الباحث بضرورة تقديم برامج للدعم النفسي للطلاب الذين يعانون من اضطراب ما بعد الصدمة, کما أوصى بضرورة الاهتمام بالمحاضرات والندوات وعقد اللقاءات بهدف تحقيق الطمأنينة النفسية للطلاب في مدارس الحد الجنوبي بتعليم منطقة جازان, أيضا القيام بتفعيل أنشطة ترفيهية للتخفيف من أعراض اضطراب الأحداث الصادمة. The study aimed to identify the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder and future anxiety among a sample of secondary school students in the southern border schools in the Jazan region. The study sample consisted of (300) students who were selected in a stratified random manner from secondary school students in the southern border schools in the Jazan region. The post-traumatic stress disorder scale was used by Davison (1995), and the future anxiety scale for the Presbyterian (2009) after checking the validity and reliability, and the Pearson correlation coefficient, one-way analysis of variance for differences and Scheffe test for dimensional comparisons were used, and the study concluded that there is a statistically significant relationship between stress disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder and future anxiety among a sample of secondary school students in the southern border schools in Jazan education, and the presence of statistically significant differences in post-traumatic stress disorder among secondary school students in the southern border schools in the Jazan region education due to the variable of the education office in favor of the education office in Al-Ardah, as well as the presence of differences Statistically significant in future anxiety among secondary school students in the southern border schools in the education of Jazan region due to the variable of the Education Office in favor of the Education Office in Al-Ardah. The researcher recommended the necessity of providing psychological support programs for students suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder, and the necessity of paying attention to lectures, seminars and holding meetings in order to achieve psychological reassurance for students in the schools of the southern border in the education of the Jazan region, as well as activating recreational activities to alleviate the symptoms of TSD

Plants, public health and the pandemic.

At the onset of the pandemic, people resort to coping mechanisms to lessen the impact of social distancing enforced through quarantine protocols. Confined to their homes, despite recent relaxation of mobility and travel sanctions, many people find comfort and psychological reassurance in plant tending and gardening. Plants have been known for their medicinal and recreational purposes and their psychological therapeutic value. In the case of the Philippines, plant parenting has become a viral phenomenon.

Genetic testing preferences and intentions in patients with clinically diagnosed familial hypercholesterolemia.

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a common Mendelian disorder characterized by elevated LDL cholesterol levels, which if untreated can cause premature heart disease. Less than 10% of cases in the United States are diagnosed. This study investigates decision-making factors associated with intentions to have FH genetic testing among patients clinically diagnosed with FH. Fifty-three clinically diagnosed adults with FH and no genetic testing were recruited through the FH Foundation and lipid clinics. Participants completed a survey containing items capturing various reasons to engage in genetic testing. Exploratory factor analysis of survey items identified three factors: (a) aversion to FH genetic information, (b) curiosity regarding medical/family history, (c) and psychological reassurance. Psychological reassurance was, in turn, the only significant predictor of genetic testing intentions. The positive effect of reassurance on genetic testing intention was moderated by aversion such that individuals who were low in reassurance were more inclined to decline testing if aversion was high. Findings suggest that clinically diagnosed patients' decisions about FH genetic testing are driven principally by psychological reassurance, particularly when low in aversion to FH genetic information.

Boundary Negotiation for Patient-Provider Communication via WeChat in China

Patient-Provider Communication (PPC) is crucial to the quality and outcome of healthcare practices. With the development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), ICT mediated PPC has become increasingly commonplace, and has been extensively studied. However, prior research has primarily focused on the institutional use of ICTs for PPC, with institutional support and regulation, while the personal use of ICTs for this purpose has been mostly under-explored. This paper presents a qualitative study of the use of WeChat, a general mobile social application, that has been personally appropriated for PPC in China. Sixteen patients and seven physicians, who had experience using WeChat for PPC, were recruited and interviewed to gain an understanding from both perspectives on how WeChat was utilized for the communication purposes between them. We found that the use of WeChat helped to strengthen the relationship between patients and providers, and provided a psychological reassurance that the structure of the current Chinese health system doesn't provide. Most importantly, we found that the use of WeChat was dependent on the negotiation and management of boundaries that address various concerns associated with the use of ICTs for PPC, such as workload and safety. In this paper, we will highlight the boundary negotiation practices and discuss implications based on the findings.

A Portable Wearable Tele-ECG Monitoring System

This paper introduces a wearable Tele-ECG and heart rate (HR) monitoring system which has a novel architecture including a stretchable singlet redesigned with textile electrodes (TEs), textile threads, snap fasteners, Velcro, sponges, and an ECG circuit. In addition, a Bluetooth low energy (BLE), a smartphone, a server, and a web page have been added to the system for remote monitoring. The TE can be attached to and removed from the singlet by a Velcro, which allows the user to dry-clean the TE easily for long-term use. A new holter-based ECG system has been designed to evaluate the TE-based ECG system and the average correlation between the recorded ECG signals is obtained as 99.23%. A filtered digital signal, with a high signal-to-noise ratio of 45.62 dB, is transmitted to the smartphone via BLE. The ECG signal is plotted, the HR is calculated with 1.83% mean absolute percentage error, and displayed. The data are sent to the server, allowing the patient's physician to analyze the signals in real time through the web page or the smartphone. If HR reaches beyond the normal range or user presses the “HELP” button on the smartphone screen, the physician is informed automatically by an short message service (SMS) with a location pin on the map. The battery lasts approximately 14 days and when it needs replacement, the system automatically alerts the users by an SMS and a flashing LED. This fast and uninterrupted telemonitoring system has the potential to improve the patient's life quality by providing a psychological reassurance.

إدارة الأزمات الأسریة وعلاقتها بالأمن النفسی لدی عینة من ربات الأسر Management of Family Crises and Their Relationship to Psychological Security in a Sample of Female Heads of Households

إدارة الأزمات الأسریة وعلاقتها بالأمن النفسی لدی عینة من ربات الأسر Management of Family Crises and Their Relationship to Psychological Security in a Sample of Female Heads of Households

الغياب المدرسي وأثره على الشعور بالاغتراب النفسي لدى طلبة المرحلة الابتدائية

هدفت الدراسة التعرف على أثره الغياب المدرسي على الشعور بالاغتراب النفسي لدى طلبة المرحلة الابتدائية ، واستخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي ، کما تم استخدام الاستبانة کأداة للدراسة طبقت على عينة حجمها (58) معلم ومعلمة للمرحلة الابتدائية و (16) ولي أمر طالبا من نفس المرحلة ، وتم التوصل إلى عدة نتائج أهمها أن الغياب المدرسي يؤثر على الشعور بالاغتراب النفسي لدى طلبة المرحلة الابتدائية من وجهة نظر معلميهم وأولياء أمورهم بدرجة کبيرة ، کما أنه لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في أثره الغياب المدرسي على الشعور بالاغتراب النفسي لدى طلبة المرحلة الابتدائية بين المعلمين وأولياء الأمور ، کما تختلف وجهة نظر المعلمين حول أثر الغياب المدرسي على الشعور بالاغتراب النفسي لدى طلبة المرحلة الابتدائية باختلاف سنوات الخبرة لصالح المعلمين أصحاب الخبرة أکثر من 15 سنة ، ولا تختلف وجهة نظر أولياء الأمور حول أثر الغياب المدرسي على الشعور بالاغتراب النفسي لدى طلبة المرحلة الابتدائية باختلاف المستوى التعليمي ، وتوصي الدراسة بضـرورة الاهتمـام بالمحاضـرات والندوات وعقد اللقاءات الطلابية بهدف تحقيق الطمأنينة النفسية لديهم ، والعمل على تخفيف الشعور بالاغتراب النفسي لدى الطلبة ، وتفعيل دور مجالس الآباء والأمهات مع المدرسين والإدارة وتبادل المعلومات وتعزيز الثقة بين البيت والمدرسة من أجل التخفيف من حدة انتشار ظاهرة الغياب التي تعيق سير العملية التربوية وتعتبر أحد مسببات الاغتراب النفسي لدى الطلبة ، وإقامة دورات للعاملين بالإرشاد النفسي في المدارس من أجل تنشيط معلوماتهم وکذلک تزويدهم بأحدث الدراسات والاساليب التربوية وفن التعامل مع الطلبة الذين يعانون من الاغتراب النفسي. The study aimed to identify the impact of school absenteeism on the feeling of psychological alienation among primary school students. The study used the analytical descriptive approach. The questionnaire was used as a tool for the study and applied to a sample of (58) male teachers and female teachers for the primary stage and (16) parents from the same stage. The study concluded a number of findings, most importantly, that school absenteeism affects the feeling of psychological alienation among primary school students from the view point of their teachers and their parents to a great extent. Also, there are no statistically significant differences in the impact of school absenteeism on the feeling of psychological alienation among primary school students between teachers and parents. The teachers' view on the impact of school absenteeism differs from the feeling of psychological alienation among primary school students according to the years of experience in favor of teachers with more than 15 years of experience. Parents' viewpoints concerning the impact of school absenteeism on the feeling of psychological alienation among primary school students are not different according to educational level. The study recommends the need to pay attention to lectures, seminars and holding student meetings in order to achieve psychological reassurance to them, to alleviate the feeling of alienation among the students, to activate the role of parents' councils with teachers and management, exchange of information and enhance confidence between the home and the school in order to alleviate the spread of the phenomenon of absenteeism that hinder the functioning of the educational process and is one of the causes of psychological alienation among students. To conduct courses for employees concerned with psychological counseling in schools in order to activate their information and provide them with the latest educational studies and methods and art of dealing with students suffering from psychological alienation.

‘A military ERP’? Military assistance and US public diplomacy in Norway in the early 1950s

This article explores how U.S. public diplomacy resources in Norway were mobilised in support of the Mutual Defense Assistance Program in the early 1950s. These efforts had two main objectives: to display U.S. commitment to allied security, and thus provide ‘psychological reassurance’, and, secondly, to mobilise popular support for increased defence spending by the Norwegian Government. The first ambition played well with local audiences. The second was more controversial, as it could be apprehended as meddling in domestic affairs. Close cooperation with local actors, a characteristic of U.S. public diplomacy in Norway at large, was therefore particularly important in this case.

1443PD - Analysis of compliance factors for colorectal cancer screening using a Bayesian network

Background: Compared to standard explanatory analyses based on multivariate regressions, Bayesian network analyses enable multiple hypotheses and clear graphical representations of complex interactions. They provide visual descriptions of causal pathways to distinguish between direct/indirect factors. We compared multivariate regression and a Bayesian network to assess factors associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Methods: The 5th French observational survey, EDIFICE 5, was conducted (Nov 22-Dec 7, 2016) by phone interviews of a representative sample of 1501 individuals (age, 50-75 y). The present analysis focuses on 1299 individuals with no history of cancer (50-74 y). Bayesian analysis was performed with the bnlearn R Package. Parameters of the Bayesian analysis were based on the literature and our own data (logistic regression). “Blacklist/whitelist”-type restrictions were used to reset current understanding of the correlations between variables. We also analyzed the network topology. Results: In our sample, 36% (N = 469) declared never having undergone CRC screening (colonoscopy, fecal occult blood test) in their lifetime. The Bayesian model revealed 5 direct correlating factors: age, smoking status, social vulnerability, psychological reassurance in the screening test (PRST), and confidence in the efficacy of the test. The latter 2 account for 43% of the observed sum of the mutual informations. Other relevant factors typically seen in the literature and regression analysis had an indirect impact: level of education, self-perception of own risk of CRC, gender, temporal perspective, confidence in their physician and fear of the disease. Multiple regression analysis identified PRST (OR = 0.84, 95% CI 0.80-0.88, P < 0.01) and fear of the disease (OR = 0.90, 95% CI 0.84-0.96, P < 0.01) as the two main criteria. Conclusions: We showed that Bayesian network analysis provides a novel representation of factors associated with CRC screening, and may explain why interventions focusing on indirect factors might be ineffective if the next step of the causal pathway remains unchanged. We suggest that Bayesian networks should be used more often to drive timely interventions (short term vs long term). Legal entity responsible for the study: Kantar Health Funding: Roche Disclosure: F. Eisinger, J-Y. Blay, A. Cortot, L. Greillier, S. Couraud, J-F. Morere: Honorarium fees from Roche Edifice surveys were funded by Roche S.A. C. Lhomel: Employee of Roche. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Primary care physician experiences with integrated pharmacogenomic testing in a community health system.

To explore primary care physicians' views of the utility and delivery of direct access to pharmacogenomics (PGx) testing in a community health system. This descriptive study assessed the perspectives of 15 healthcare providers utilizing qualitative individual interviews. Three main themes emerged: perceived value and utility of PGx testing; challenges to implementation in practice; and provider as well as patient needs. While providers in this study viewed benefits of PGx testing as avoiding side effects, titrating doses more quickly, improving shared decision-making and providing psychological reassurance, challenges will need to be addressed such as privacy concerns, cost, insurance coverage and understanding the complexity of PGx test results.