Psychological Disturbances Research Articles

The Multivariate Associations Among Bullying Experiences, Executive Function, and Psychological Disturbance

The Multivariate Associations Among Bullying Experiences, Executive Function, and Psychological Disturbance

Attention Deficits and Psychological Disturbances among COVID-19 Survivors in the Egyptian Population

Attention Deficits and Psychological Disturbances among COVID-19 Survivors in the Egyptian Population

The Effectiveness of Cognitive Therapy Based on Mindfulness on Cognitive Flexibility and Psychological Disturbance in Patients with Dyspepsia: A Quasi-Experimental Study

The Effectiveness of Cognitive Therapy Based on Mindfulness on Cognitive Flexibility and Psychological Disturbance in Patients with Dyspepsia: A Quasi-Experimental Study

The Effect of Fear of COVID-19 on Depression, Anxiety and Stress in Undergraduate Students During the Pandemic: The Mediating Role of Self-Regulation

The World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 pandemic on March 11, 2020. Subsequent lockdowns and fatalities have significantly impacted individuals’ lives, social relationships, and economic conditions. While pandemics affecting populations can lead to health issues, they also give rise to psychological disturbances such as anxiety, worry, panic, loneliness, depression, fear, and traumatic symptoms. Research has demonstrated that these symptoms are commonly observed across various segments of society. Self-regulation refers to individuals’ efforts to modify their thoughts, emotions, desires, and actions in line with their desired goals. It emphasizes that individuals are active agents and decision-makers rather than passive observers in the face of events. Studies have found that self-regulation is associated with success, well-being, social competence, academic performance, peer bullying, depression, anxiety, obesity, and various psychopathological conditions. COVID-19 research has also identified relationships between emotional regulation and depression, anxiety, and trauma symptoms. Covid-19 has also been associated with educational problems such as decline in student achievement, learning losses, problems with continuing education and drop-outs. In this study, the relationships between COVID-19 fear and depression, anxiety, and stress are examined, focusing on the mediating role of self-regulation in university students. Structural equation modeling and mediation analyses were conducted using collected data. The results indicate that COVID-19 fear significantly predicts depression, anxiety, and stress during the pandemic. Self-regulation partially mediates this relationship, diminishing the impact of COVID-19 fear and reducing levels of depression, anxiety, and stress.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARENTS' OVERPROTECTIVE BEHAVIOR AND STUDENTS' SELF-ADJUSTMENT

Problems Children are important members of the family. When children are present in the midst of the family, parents definitely want their children to develop normally, so parents have their own way of treating children. There are also parents who give freedom to children, there are also parents who give freedom to children but still provide control, and there are also parents who indulge in protecting children excessively by providing protection against physical and psychological disturbances and harm, until the child does not reach freedom, the behavior of the parents is called overprotective, with the reason that the child does not experience harm. Many parents intentionally or unintentionally behave over protective. The method used in this study is a qualitative correlation with the data collection technique used, namely a scale questionnaire. The data obtained through the use of questionnaires is data that is classified as factual data. The results of the study based on the line test table 0.01 can be interpreted as significant, because it is smaller than 0.05 and the significant value for the deviation from linearity is 0.052, so it can be interpreted as a significance value greater than 0.05, so from this it can be concluded that the relationship between adjustment variables and parents' overprotective behavior has a linear relationship so that it can also be said that the linearity test is fulfilled in this study.

Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention of Pediatric Lyme disease

Lyme disease remains a significant public health challenge in the United States, particularly in the Northeast and Midwest regions, and is likely to increase in the coming years with population growth to suburban areas and warmer weather. Lyme disease is a bacterial infection caused by the spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi, that is transmitted to humans through deer ticks. The presentation of Lyme disease can involve multiple systems with dermatologic, neurologic, rheumatologic, and cardiac symptoms commonly described. However, there is substantial variation in the presentation of Lyme disease, creating a challenge to diagnosis and treatment. The standard treatment for Lyme disease is administration of antibacterial agents. Although the majority of pediatric patients achieve symptom resolution with treatment, a subset continues to experience fatigue, pain, and psychological disturbances known as post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome. Prevention of Lyme disease largely relies on behavioral measures such as wearing long sleeves and pants and checking for ticks given the absence of an effective vaccine. Prophylactic antibiotic treatment is also highly effective for children who have experienced a Ixodes tick bite, occurring in an endemic region with tick attachment for at least 36 hours. Although Lyme disease disproportionately impacts children, the existing literature primarily focuses on its presentation in adults. In this review, we summarize the latest literature surrounding the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of Lyme disease with a specific emphasis on pediatric populations and the recent advancements in vaccine development.

Depression, anxiety, and quality of life in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem disorder that can affect multiple organs; psychiatric manifestations including depression and anxiety are commonly seen in SLE. The aim of this study is to explore the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress, and assess the quality of life (QOL) in patients with SLE and also evaluate associated risk factors. In this cross-sectional study, adult patients with SLE were identified through our institution's SLE data registry. Participants were evaluated with three questionnaires: Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-42), General Health Ouestionnaire-28 (GHQ-28), and World Health Organization quality of life instrument short form (WHO-QOL BREF). A total of 222 patients were included in the study, 203 (91%) of whom were female and 19 were male (9%). Participants had a mean age of 35.6 ±9.5 years. According to DASS-42 questionnaire, 22.1%, 28.7% and 20.3% of patients had varying degrees of depression, anxiety, and stress, respectively. Based on GHQ-28 questionnaire, 137 (62%) of patients reported some degree of distress. Quality of life score was 12.8, 13, 14.3, and 13.9 in physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environmental health, respectively. We found that depression, anxiety, and stress are common in patients with SLE, and quality of life is significantly affected. A high percentage of patients with SLE deal with some degree of distress. Routine evaluation of the quality of life and psychological disturbances is recommended in patients with SLE. Non-pharmacological interventions as well as specialist referral should be considered in patients with anxiety, depression, or stress.

WORD REPRESENTATION OF THE EMOTION OF ANXIETY IN ELDERLY WOMEN: PSYCHOLINGUSITIC-PRAGMATIC CASE STUDIES

Anxiety problems often occur in elderly women. This study aims to describe the word representation of anxiety emotion in elderly women. This research uses qualitative approach. The analysis of the data collected using the techniques of recording, listening, note-taking, and skillful involvement. The results show that elderly women have a fairly high level of anxiety. When the psychological disturbance occurs, feelings such as worry, anger, boredom, disappointment, sadness, and confusion appear with lingual markers such as must, why, do not understand, strange, disappointed, sorry, and confused. When no psychological disturbances arise, feelings of gratitude and disappointment with lingual markers such as grateful, pray for me, alhamdulillah, unfortunately. Factors that cause the emergence of anxious emotions are circumstances that do not match expectations and desires and are having difficulty accepting reality.

ROLE OF KSHARA KARMA IN MANAGEMENT OF INTERNAL HEMORRHOIDS: A CASE REPORT

Nowadays prevalence of Anorectal disorders is progressively increasing in society, Arsha (Haemorrhoids) is one of them. There are many responsible factors for disease like sedentary lifestyle, irregular and inappropriate diet, prolonged sitting or standing and certain psychological disturbances. It generates symptoms dominated by rectal bleeding, mass per anum, anal discomfort and pruritus. Many conservative, surgical and non-surgical methods are available to cure the disease, but demand for Ayurvedic and herbal remedies has increased in society nowadays. Material and Methods: In this study 36-year-old male patient having complain of bleeding per rectum and mas coming out during defecation was selected. The case was diagnosed as a case of “Raktarsha” Grade II internal hemorrhoids having mass at 7 and 11 ‘O’ clock position. The final diagnosis was made on the basis of DRE findings, symptoms of patient and proctoscopic examination. Classically prepared Apamarga Pratisarniya kshara was applied on hemorrhoidal masses following SOPs. The findings were noted on Day 7, Day 14, Day 21 and Day 30. Result: Obtained results were analyzed and there was Significant relief in symptoms. Improvement in complain of Bleeding and prolapse of pile mass during defecation was noticed. Conclusion: Ayurvedic parasurgical procedure (Pratisarniya Kshara patan vidhi) has proven to be an effective non-surgical management alternative for the diagnosed patients of Grade II internal Haemorrhoids.

A Physical Rehabilitation Approach for Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Literature Review.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurological ailments. With diverse motor affectations (postural instability, resting tremor, bradykinesia, and rigidity), people with Parkinson's disease (PwP) have a broad spectrum of non-motor symptoms. These include autonomic function changes, cognitive deterioration, neuropsychiatric difficulties, and sleep interruptions. Psychological disturbances, such as anxiety and sadness, are common among PwP. This discomfort is often accompanied by a decrease in general functioning, both at work and in social contacts. Furthermore, people who are experiencing psychological distress have a quick decrease in both physical and cognitive capacities. Furthermore, Pwp who also suffer from anxiety and depression are more likely to acquire dementia. It is worth noting that studies have shown good outcomes in the treatment of physical disabilities in PWP and the various therapeutics available for each affected body part, such as in the legs when they have walking problems, resting tremor in their hands, or micrography, which is a common symptom in these patients. The medical researchdatabases PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library were used to look for relevant materials. Upon meticulous scrutiny, a thorough investigation was conducted on the papers at hand. A total of 10 publications were meticulously selected based on stringent qualifying criteria. The present investigation examines various perspectives regarding the physical rehabilitation of individuals diagnosed with PD. The majority of therapeutic interventions employed revolve around cutting-edge technologies, such as virtual reality (VR), combined with exercise regimens. These interventions have demonstrated notable statistical significance in terms of enhancing various physical aspects, including endurance, performance, gait capacity, perception, and overall independence in daily life activities. One of the gathered studies makes use of the therapeutic benefits of yoga to help PwP deal with their anxiety and improve their mental health.Based on the aforementioned information, further investigation is required to ascertain the optimal approach for physical rehabilitation management and develop diverse strategies aimed at assisting individuals with PD in attaining physical autonomy.

Peppermint Terhadap Mual Muntah Pada Ibu Hamil Trimester I Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Salam Babaris

Nausea and vomiting occur in pregnant women in the first and second trimesters and can last up to 4 months. The impact can be experiencing disruption in work, household activities, psychological disturbance. Interventions can be carried out non-pharmacologically by using peppermint which can overcome digestive problems because it has a very high fragrance level, a cold, refreshing, strong aroma. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of giving peppermint to reduce nausea and vomiting in first trimester pregnant women in the working area of the Salam Babaris Health Center, Tapin Regency. The research method uses quasi-experimental types type with one sample test. It was carried out from January to February 2023. The sample consisted of 15 pregnant women. Bivariate analysis using the t test. The results of the study before being given peppermint, 9 people (60%) category of severe nausea vomiting and after being given pappermint became the category of mild nausea vomiting as many as 6 people (40%). The results of the t test obtained a p-value of 0.003, there is an effect of peppermint administration on reducing nausea vomiting in pregnant women trimester I. Giving peppermint in the form of candy is able to overcome nausea vomiting in pregnant women trimester I.

Comparison of COVID-19 Anxiety in Nurses and Midwife Personnel in the Teaching Hospitals Affiliated to Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences

Introduction: The spread of the coronavirus, its high transmission rate, and lack of a definitive treatment for the novel disease have led to psychological disturbances in societies. Nurses are exposed to numerous psychological issues as they are on the frontline in the battle against COVID-19. The present study aimed to compare nurses and midwife personnel in terms of the anxiety caused by COVID-19. Material and Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 130 nursing staff and midwife personnel working in the teaching hospitals affiliated to Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The participants were selected via convenience sampling. Data were collected using a corona disease anxiety scale, which was completed in a self-report manner. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16 using descriptive statistics (tables, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics. Results: The mean anxiety level of the nurses and midwife personnel was estimated at 30.33 ± 7.6 and 31.11 ± 9.03, respectively. However, the Mann-Whitney U test was indicative of no significant difference in this regard (P=0.08). Conclusion: According to the results, the nursing and midwife personnel had similar levels of COVID-19 anxiety. Given the moderate anxiety level of the healthcare staff regardless of their work environment, it is recommended that special programs be considered by hospital managers to psychologically support the staff.

Motives and Consequences of Premarital Cohabitation Practices among University Students in Iringa Municipality, Tanzania

This study was done in order to establish motives and consequences of premarital cohabitation practices among university students in Iringa Municipality through qualitative research approach and phenomenological research design. Snowball and purposive sampling were used to obtain a representative sample of 36 students, 3 deans of students, 3 wardens, and 4 ministers of residences. The obtained data was subjected to thematic analysis and presented in quotes of respondents’ voices. The findings indicate that university students do cohabit to meet accommodation demands, not lose sexual lovers, exercise freedoms and acquire status from their peers, satisfy sexual urges and secure financial collaboration from partners. Furthermore, cohabitation leads students to encounter unplanned pregnancies, engage in abortions, attain poor academic performance, acquire sexual transmitted diseases, be subjected to physical and sexual abuse, emotional neglect and psychological disturbances. Therefore, it is recommended that students should not cohabit because the practice is associated with negative effects that may hinders life goals and expectations.

Gender differences in the management of acute psychiatric episodes in the emergency department: a cross-sectional analysis of the 2017-2019 triennium.

There is growing evidence that gender is an important determinant of mental health and well-being. In this sense, both biological and socio-economic factors play a key role in how people experience psychological disturbances. This study examine whether there were sex- and gender-based differences in the management of psychiatric disorders in the emergency department (ED). A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted in the ED over the 2017-2019 period. Sex was codified as female/male and socio-economic deprivation index was compiled to address the impact of social determinants. Episodes were reclassified according to four major clusters. Psychotropic drug prescription was categorized according to the ATC classification. Poisson regression models, adjusted for age and socioeconomic status, were used. A total of 9789 episodes (53.9% females) of individuals who required an acute-related psychiatric intervention were retrieved. Age distribution and socioeconomic quintiles revealed gender differences. Anxiety-related consultations accounted for up to 50% of all episodes. Female gender was found to be overrepresented in anxiety and stress-related disorders, mood disorders, and personality disorders. In contrast, Males accounted for 70% of all psychoactive substance use disorders. Considering main clinical syndromic clusters, analysis showed that female patients were more likely to be prescribed with anxiolytic treatment in ED treatment than men in the categories of "Common mental disorders" (PR = 1.122 [1.014-1.242; p = 0.025), "Severe Mental Disorders" (PR = 1.217[1.054-1.406] p = 0.007) and "Personality disorders" (PR = 1.398 (1.038 - 1.884); p = 0.028). This study highlights the relevance of considering sex and gender as potential determinants in both the clinical presentation and management of psychiatric emergencies.

EFFECT OF KARMA BASTI AND SHIRODHARA IN GRAHANI (irritable bowel syndrome)

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a gastrointestinal disorder having a group of symptoms including abdominal pain and changes in the pattern of bowel movements without any evidence of underlying damage. The pathogenesis of IBS is not fully understood, although roles for abnormal gut motor and sensory activity, central neural dysfunction, psychological disturbances, stress and luminal factors have been proposed. About 10-15% of the people in the developed world are believed to be affected by IBS, it is estimated that 45% of people globally are affected by IBS. In Ayurveda, IBS can be correlated to Grahani Roga due to their clinical presentation. In this case an effort has been made to treat patients having symptoms of Muhurbaddha Muhurdravam (episode of difficult evacuation of bowel and loose stools), Udarashool (pain in abdomen) and Apakwa Malapravritti (sticky stool with mucus). Male Patient XYZ of age 54years treated with various Panchakarma procedures like Basti (herbal medicated enema), Taila Shirodhara (pouring Herbal medicated oil on head) and oral medications. At the end of 50 days of treatment (Kala basti-16days+ oral medication-34days) patient got significant improvement in the sign and symptoms of disease.

Occupational Health Risks among Pathologists and Pathology Trainees: An Analysis of Prevalence and Factors

Objective: To assess the prevalence of work-related hazards faced by Pathologists and residents in the Pathology laboratory in Pakistan. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of one month from January 2023 to February 2023. The research questionnaire was shared online amongst the Pathologists and Pathology residents. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 28. The qualitative data was described in terms of percentages or frequencies and analyzed using the Chi-square test. AP-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of 172 participants, the majority (74.5%) were females. 51.6% of the participants had 31 to 45 hours working, with 26.7% spending 2-4 hours daily on the microscope. Musculoskeletal disorders were seen in 93.2% of the study population followed by visual strain (90.6%) and anxiety and stress in 90.1%. 35.4% reported that the pain was severe enough to take off from work, which involved a greater percentage of females(38%) than males(26%). Males were found to exercise more as compared to females(p-value= 0.044). A significant finding in our study was that psychological disturbances were experienced more in females as compared to males (p-value=0.00,0.00 & 0.00). Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of workplace-based hazards faced by pathologists. Postural support, monitoring work hours, and taking small stretch breaks can play an important part in their professional well-being

Feeding and eating disorders among hospitalized children and adolescents in Thailand: A 5-year secondary national database analysis.

This study aimed to present national data for children and adolescents requiring hospitalization in Thailand. Feeding and eating disorders can cause life-threatening and negative health impacts. In Asia, the prevalence is rising. Data from children and adolescents in Thailand are limited. This study is a retrospective study of the national database. Data from the National Health Security Office database on Universal Health Insurance Coverage (2015-2019) of 0-17-year-olds were analysed by diagnosis (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, vomiting associated with psychological disturbances, other eating disorders and unspecified eating disorders). Descriptive statistics, chi-square test and multinomial logistic regression were used. There were 163 patients, averaging 9.4 ± 5.2 years old, requiring 205 admissions. Most diagnoses showed stable trends, except for a slight decrease in anorexia and unspecified eating disorders. Most admissions were due to unspecified eating disorders and psychogenic vomiting, followed by anorexia nervosa. The overall prevalence was 3.86 per 100 000 admissions. Anorexia had the highest hospital costs and re-admission rates. Anorexia nervosa was most prevalent in early adolescence and females, while bulimia nervosa was most prominent in middle adolescence and had a male predominance. Early recognition in clinical practice could increase early detection and improve outcomes.

I Cancervive: Exploring the Modern Travails of Cancer-Stricken Adolescents in the Pandemic New Normal

Currently, the world faces two critical challenges: the COVID-19 pandemic and surging cancer cases. Healthcare systems worldwide, including the Philippines, struggle to cope with rising cancer patient mortality. Urgent action and innovative solutions are vital to managing cancer care amidst the ongoing pandemic. Hence, this study explored the journey of adolescent cancer patients who are receiving treatment during the pandemic particularly the present challenges with cancer treatment, its holistic repercussions, the patient's coping mechanisms, and their significant life breakthroughs. It employed a qualitative multiple-case study, utilizing semi-structured interviews to collect data from four (4) pediatric hematology-oncology cases. The data was analyzed using content analysis wherein the narratives of the participants were compared. The findings of the study revealed themes that represent the challenges experienced by cancer patients namely, (1) treatment and other medical services disruption; (2) reduced social support; and (3) increased contamination-related anxieties. The immediate repercussions included (1) psychological disturbance, stress, and depression; (2) uncertainty and emotional distress; (3) stronger behavioral adherence to COVID-19 prevention measures; (4) increased gadget usage/gadget dependence, and (5) decreased scholastic involvement. Further, the participants’ coping mechanisms include (1) active coping strategies via engaging activities; (2) awareness and acceptance of the current situation; (3) strong social and spiritual support, and (4) positive and active mind setting. The insights gathered from the analysis are (1) the need for better access to cancer-related services and assistance, and (2) the call for more psychological health intervention programs. The findings showed that the insights and realizations of participants emphasized the need for better access to cancer-related services and assistance and a calling for psycho-oncological therapeutic interventions for fellow cancer patients.

A Survey of Changes in the Psychological State of Individuals with Social Withdrawal (hikikomori) in the Context of the COVID Pandemic

Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID) 2019 pandemic has been reported to have resulted in psychological disturbances. The Japanese term “hikikomori” refers to a state of preferring to stay at home. The COVID pandemic provided an opportunity to extend our current understanding of hikikomori by examining the psychological states of individuals who were in this state under lockdown, during which, paradoxically, their condition may have been adaptive. Methods: We administered a questionnaire to examine psychological changes among 600 people with hikikomori traits in Japan. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Subjective Stress Scale, and Stigma Questions for hikikomori were administered retrospectively at three time points. We also collected descriptive data regarding the participants’ coping strategies. Results: The participants’ sense of stigma regarding hikikomori was improved during the pandemic, whereas depression and anxiety worsened. The participants with ‘definite’ hikikomori (they met the diagnostic criteria) reported more severe depression and anxiety than those with ‘possible’ hikikomori. Their coping strategies were adaptive to the pandemic situation. Conclusion: Although the sense of stigma against hikikomori was improved and adaptive strategies were employed, the participants with hikikomori experienced a worsening of depression and anxiety during the COVID lockdowns. The improvement of stigma and the participants’ indoor adaptive coping strategies could not ameliorate the mental state of hikikomori. Therapeutic interventions should be considered in the future for definite hikikomori meeting the criteria.

The Relationship Between Stress Levels And Physical Activity With Premenstrual Syndrome In D3 Midwifery Stikes Griya Husada Sumbawa Students In 2022

Pre-menstrual syndrome is thought to occur 7-14 days before menstruation and consists of physical, psychological and behavioral disturbances that can occur in women and can be triggered or exacerbated by factors such as their stress level and physical activity. This study aims to analyze the relationship between stress levels and physical activity and the occurrence of premenstrual syndrome in female students. This study used a quantitative analytical research method with a cross-sectional design. D3 Midwifery female students class of 2021-2024 were used as the sample (n = 32) in this study. Sampling was done by total sampling technique. The research instrument used the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) questionnaire and the Shortened Premenstrual Assessment Form (SPAF). Data analysis used the Kendall tau test. The results of statistical tests showed that there was a relationship between stress levels and the incidence of premenstrual syndrome (0.001<0.05), with a correlation coefficient of 0.708 and there was a relationship between physical activity and the incidence of premenstrual syndrome (0.001<0.05) with a correlation coefficient of 0.066. It can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between stress levels and the incidence of premenstrual syndrome