Psychological Consultation Research Articles

Forensic Psychology Consultation in Shaken Baby Syndrome/Abusive Head Trauma: A Response to Commentary

ABSTRACT Critical commentary and exchange are vital to advancing forensic psychology consultation in Shaken Baby Syndrome/Abusive Head Trauma. The interests of children and families warrant such attention. Multiple sources, such as psychological research identifying processes in wrongful conviction, peer-reviewed medical research, the National Registry of Exonerations, and documentary film illustrations, all contribute to recognizing and reducing risks of wrongful conviction.

A case-control study on the severity postpartum depression among COVID19 positive mother

BackgroundCOVID19 pandemic has caused a variety of psychological problems including panic disorder, anxiety and depression. It is also associated with adverse psychological outcomes in pregnant women. The aim of this study was to compare the severity of postpartum depression in pregnant women with and without COVID-19 during the coronavirus epidemic. MethodsThis case-control study was performed on 102 pregnant women referred to the hospitals of (XXX). Using questionnaire, consisting of demographic and maternal data (age, number of pregnancies, type of delivery, history of any disease, history of drug use, breastfeeding experience, separation of mother from infant due to coronavirus) and score from Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS) score data from all the participants obtained and analyzed statistically using SPSSv23. ResultsThe results showed that the mean EPDS score in COVID-positive mothers was 26.64 and in COVID-negative mothers was 24.76, which was statistically significant, p < 0.001. The score did not vary among the two group with respect to age group and type of delivery method. The score was significantly higher among the women with 3–4 pregnancies. ConclusionCOVID-positive status is associated with increased postnatal depression among women. Perinatal and postnatal psychological consultancy is required in such patients along with monitoring of maternal and neonate physical and mental health.

REFLECTIVENESS AS A FACTOR OF DEVELOPMENT OF A PSYCHOLOGIST-CONSULTANT PERSONALITY

The article presents results of an empirical study of the reflexivity peculiarities of consulting psychologists. A theoretical analysis of the concepts of “reflection” and “reflexivity” has been carried out. A structural model of the reflexivity of a consulting psychologist has been developed, which includes cognitive (reflective competence: reflective knowledge, position, abilities), motivational (reflective qualities: introspection, systemic reflection) and activity (reflective actions: solving reflective tasks, awareness of a reflective position and reflective skills) components. An empirical study of the cognitive component has proven that the studied psychologists are competent specialists – the sample is dominated by high and medium levels of reflexivity development. Such data indicate that the respondents think about their own current activities, often turn to the analysis of current and past events and situations; plan own behavior and activities, orient into the future. The study of the motivational component has shown the predominance of the introspective type of reflection, which indicates an interest in learning about oneself and the search for options for one’s own development in further professional activity. Systemic reflection is a characteristic of a significant number of the studied psychologists: they seek to know themselves, the world around them, analyze their own actions, situations, and look for alternatives to solve them by means of professional activity. The study of the activity component has shown a high and sufficient levels of development of reflexive skills, which indicates a good professional level of specialists. The correlation analysis has made it possible to reveal the system of relationships between the components of reflexivity, and to confirm the assumption that the reflexivity of a psychologist as a structurally complex entity which is determined by the harmonious development of cognitive (reflective competence), motivational (reflective qualities) and activity components (reflective actions). Correlation analysis has also revealed the most developed system of relationships of systemic reflection with other variables. This testifies the fact that a developed systemic reflection can be a factor of the personality development of a consultant psychologist.

Disminución del riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes obesos que participaron en un programa de medicina de estilo de vida

Lifestyle Medicine in the management of chronic diseases such as obesity is essential to reduce cardiovascular risk and to reverse the disease process (1). Objective: To determine if a Lifestyle Medicine program can reduce cardiovascular risk in obese adults in Colombia. Material and methods: Descriptive observational study cases series type followed for 6 months in a Lifestyle Medicine Clinic. 9 patients were included taking into account 2 measures of cardiovascular risk as a parameter to complete the program. The following measurements were taken: cardiovascular risk using the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) calculator, Body Mass Index (BMI), lipid profile, history of smoking, history of diabetes, and systolic blood pressure. Results: Of the 9 obese patients, 22% had an intermediate cardiovascular risk and 78% had a low risk at the beginning of the study. After 6 months, it was achieved that 100% of the participants had a low cardiovascular risk; Furthermore, 11% of the patients managed to normalize their blood pressure values ​​and 20% showed a decrease in high blood pressure values. In addition, 22% went from type 3 obesity to type 2 obesity. Finally, through psychological consultation, it was possible to reduce anxiety levels from high to intermediate in at least 44% of the participants. Conclusions: The Lifestyle Medicine program, in a group of obese patients, managed to achieve a low cardiovascular risk, the decrease and normalization of blood pressure figures and reduction in BMI in participants who completed the study.

Achievement Goal Theory Review: An Application to School Psychology

Achievement Goal Theory (AGT) is one of the most popular theoretical frameworks in motivation research. Despite its application to a variety of contexts, including, school, work, and sport, it has not yet been referenced in the field of school psychology. First, we review the theoretical underpinnings as told through the theory’s evolving models, explore its impacts on cognition, emotion, and behavior, and introduce a multiple goals perspective. Second, we outline the leading research supporting AGT, both in terms of structural and individual intervention studies. Third, we apply the principles of AGT to the primary tasks of school psychology professionals, including assessment, intervention, and consultation practices. The students we support can greatly benefit from gearing our approaches toward ones that foster self-improvement and interest.

ORGANIZATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS IN SPECIAL SCHOOLS FOR CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS (2011-2017)

The article presents the results of the analysis of historical and pedagogical literature and regulatory documents in the field of education of children with special needs. It was found that the new regulatory documents State Standard (2011), the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine "On Approval of the Procedure for the Organization of Inclusive Education in General Education Institutions" (2011) and others have played a large role in the development of not only the educational process of children with special needs but also their rapid adaptation to society. It was determined that children with special needs, having their own characteristics, studied in special and inclusive classes. The urgency of the problem in this direction was substantiated and it was proved that their education and upbringing was carried out in specially created conditions, it was found out what services were provided to children with special needs by general educational institutions in classes with inclusive education, and it was also established how the educational process of children with special needs.&#x0D; It was determined what needs belonged to the peculiarities of the educational process of such children, namely: correctional development classes that, taking into account the conclusion of the psychological, medical and pedagogical consultation and standard curricula of special general educational institutions for children in need of physical and / or mental correction development. It was found that educational services were provided in educational institutions in classes with inclusive education using personality-oriented teaching methods and taking into account the individual characteristics of the educational and cognitive activities of children with special needs. It is proved that the educational process in classes with inclusive education was carried out in accordance with the working curriculum of a general educational institution, drawn up on the basis of standard curricula of general educational institutions, taking into account the individual characteristics of the educational and cognitive activity of children with special educational needs. It has been established that inclusive education contributes to the rapid adaptation of such children to society. It has been proven that the introduction of inclusive education is still one of the pressing problems of the development of children with special needs.

The process, benefits and challenges of providing psychological consultation in adoption services.

Psychological consultation is one way of reaching a greater number of families with limited resources, yet little is known about the benefits and challenges of this intervention in adoption. We qualitatively explored consultations provided to adoption social workers by clinical psychologists. Six social workers and four clinical psychologists participated in semi-structured interviews. Five themes with supporting sub-themes were identified: (1) A context of highly emotive work with scarce resources; (2) consultations draw on Dyadic Developmental Practice and systemic thinking and involve goal-oriented and interpersonal processes; (3) consultations experienced as valuable despite challenges; (4) consultations facilitate learning for both social workers and psychologists; and (5) a collaborative focus and the 'expert role'. Our findings suggest consultation is experienced positively by social workers and psychologists, that it successfully facilitates the transfer of psychological knowledge, and has the potential to enhance multi-agency working. Future research needs to better understand the impact of consultation on adoptive families.

Design of Psychological Consultation System Based on Weighted Fuzzy Hybrid Algorithm

In order to overcome the problems of low security and high message delay in traditional counseling systems, this article designs and proposes a new counseling system based on the weighted hybrid algorithm. According to the principle of system design, the system architecture diagram and system role are designed. In the hardware part of the system, the user management module, online consultation module, and knowledge base module are designed to realize the psychological consultation function of the system. In the software part, the weighted hybrid algorithm is used to divide the psychological information state of the consultants effectively. Combined with the hardware and software of the system, the overall design of the system is completed. The experimental results show that, compared with the traditional consulting system, the designed system can effectively ensure the information security of consultants and reduce the message delay of the system, which has higher practical application value.

Qualitative and Mixed Methods Research in Educational and Psychological Consultation: Introduction to the Special Issue

ABSTRACT This article introduces the special issue focused on qualitative and mixed methods (QMM) research in educational and psychological consultation. The purposes of the special issue, to highlight the role of QMM in studying school consultation and to guide future QMM research, are considered, and each of five featured articles are briefly introduced.

Early diagnosis of the learning disabilities in kids using a computer game-based solution

Purpose Learning disabilities or learning disorders are umbrella terms used for wide variety of learning problems like Dyslexia, Dyscalculia, Dysgraphia, and Dyspraxia. These disabilities are due to the neurological disorders which affects brain functions. Early diagnosis of these disabilities in kids from age 3 to 6 will help to start early medical treatments and get them back to the normal condition. Material and Method we developed a software-based Learning Disability Evaluation Kit called YALU with computer Game Modules for kids targeting their learning disabilities. These Computer game-based modules of the YALU consist of different tasks for the different age levels to identify the symptoms of the disabilities mentioned above. The children’s interaction results to each task of the game modules with the answers of the questioner about the children given by the parents will be evaluated with the threshold values given by a panel of consultant psychologist and paediatrician of the normal kids to identify the learning disabilities in kids aged 3–6 years. The result will be given to the respective parties and uploaded to the Website under the child’s name. Result YALU has been tested using 50 students in age 3–5 in three preschools. The teachers have identified Fourteen students with some learning disability symptoms. Using YALU, twelve out of fourteen students had been clearly identified. Hence, the YALU Evaluation Kit to have an accuracy 85% in diagnosing the right disability. However, the accuracy could be increased with the accurate assessments of the parents about their kids. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION Learning disabilities are neurological disorders that affect the brain’s ability to receive, process, store, respond to and communicate information; and there are four types (Dyslexia, Dyspraxia, Dysgraphia and Dyscalculia) In this paper, we present the extracted computational techniques targeting the Dyslexia, Dyspraxia, Dysgraphia and Dyscalculia and developed a software application (YALU Learning Disability Evaluation Kit) which consists of computer game modules for the kids for evaluation their learning disabilities. The developed game modules can screen the learning disabilities and these gamification modules (YALU) consists of tasks which are based on symptoms of the said disabilities. The outcomes of each module is evaluated these learning disabilities in kids age from 3 years to 6 years by analysing children’s interactions to the each tasks, the child condition and then compare the result with the threshold values of the normal kids given by consultant psychologist and paediatrician.

Population awareness of depression and treatment methods

Aim. To study the population of the Chuvash Republic awareness of depression and methods of its treatment. Material and methods. Seven hundred sixty-four residents of the Chuvash Republic (472 women, 292 men) aged 18 to 83 years old (average age - 35.5 ± 14,3 years old) were interviewed anonymously. Urban residents were 75.5%, rural - 24.5%, with medical education - 5.9%. Two K. Griffiths et al. vignettes described patients with normal depressive state and depression accompanied by suicidal thoughts. After reading the picture, the respondents had to answer seven short questions. Mathematical and statistical processing included the calculation of the mean, standard deviation and χ2 distribution. Results. 39.0% of the respondents correctly identified the state of depression in the vignettes. This mental disorder was reliably better recognized by the respondents with a medical or higher education, urban residents and those who met such patients in life. The respondents most often (44,5%) recommended receiving psychological assistance, consultations and medical treatment (33,5%). They often suggested various “popular interventions”, did not know which specialists to contact and how to treat such a pathology, or suggested doing nothing at all, even if there were suicidal thoughts. More than 75% of the respondents expressed an improvement in patients’ condition in the case of their referring to specialists, the best results were given by the respondents who correctly recognized depression. Conclusion. The study showed a low level of depression awareness of the population of Chuvashia. This circumstance is reflected in the appeal of the people for medical (psychiatric, psychotherapeutic) help and expectations regarding the treatment of this mental disorder. A high proportion of incorrect answers about depression require educational work with the population, better psychiatric preparedness of specialists in the psychological profile and doctors of the general somatic network.

Transitioning to Telehealth Services in a Pediatric Diabetes Clinic During COVID-19: An Interdisciplinary Quality Improvement Initiative.

COVID-19 necessitated a rapid shift to telehealth for psychologists offering consultation-liaison services in pediatric medical settings. However, little is known about how psychologists providing these services adapted to using telehealth service delivery formats. This report details how our interdisciplinary team identified declining psychosocial screener completion and psychology consultation rates as primary challenges following a shift to telehealth within a pediatric diabetes clinic. We utilized the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) quality improvement framework to improve screening and consultation rates, which initially declined during the telehealth transition. Screening and consultation rates dropped initially, but recovered to nearly pre-pandemic levels following three PDSA intervention cycles. During implementation, challenges arose related to the feasibility of patient interactions, interdisciplinary collaboration, patient engagement, and ethical issues. Clinics shifting psychology consultation-liaison services to telehealth should prioritize interdisciplinary communication, elicit perspectives from all clinic professionals, leverage the electronic health record, and develop procedures for warm handoffs and navigating ethical issues.

Satunetra Development, Chat Therapy Applications Based on Artificial Intelligence for The Blind

Nowadays the level of people with disabilities is increasing, the fact is that the most people with disabilities in Indonesia are blind. Most of the blind people experience visual disturbances so that these limitations trigger mental instability and often experience discouragement, stress, anxiety, over-confidence and lack of confidence. Besides that, like normal humans, blind people also need the role of other people, they also need someone to be a friend or a substitute figure who can always accompany them. With the development of increasingly sophisticated technology, an artificial intelligence-based chat therapy application for the blind has a function as a friend as well as a psychological consultant. This study uses the Waterfall application development method. The application testing was carried out at one of the schools for children with special needs in Makassar, so that the results of the application could be seen whether it really was in accordance with the goals and needs. Therefore, the existence of this application makes it possible to foster motivation to have a return in living life even though in limited vision.

The effects of self-compassion on daily emotion regulation and performance rebound among college athletes: Comparisons with confidence, grit, and hope

Self-compassion (SC) facilitates healthy responses to stressful events among athletes. Existing findings are predominantly retrospective, however, and questions remain about the role of SC in college athletes’ daily emotion regulation and sport performance. Sixty-seven college athletes completed daily diaries for 14 consecutive days during their competitive seasons. We tested whether SC predicted 1) emotion regulation strategy use and effectiveness following negative events and 2) sport performance rebound following subjectively poor performances the previous day. We also compared the effects of SC with grit, sport-specific hope, and sport-related self-confidence, each in separate models. Results showed that SC and sport-specific hope predicted greater use of cognitive reappraisal in response to negative events. Interestingly, social support seeking was associated with higher negative emotions on average. However, higher levels of SC, grit, and sport-specific hope (but not sport self-confidence) mitigated this association. When athletes’ subjective performance during practice fell 1 SD below their two-week mean, SC, grit, and sport-specific hope predicted improved subjective performance during the next day’s practice by 7.8–10.9%. Sport confidence had no effect, suggesting that coaches and sport psychology consultants might consider shifting their focus toward cultivating SC instead.

Efficacy of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients with coronary artery disease: insights from a prospective registry

Abstract Introduction Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) report psychological distress and poor physical functioning after cardiovascular events. In cardiac rehabilitation, an exercise program is often used as A primary strategy; however, this is often not sufficient to address stress and psychosocial well-being. Purpose To investigate the effectiveness of a mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) program on feelings of anxiety and depression in patients with CAD. Methods In this single-center prospective observational study, eligible cardiac rehabilitation patients with symptoms of anxiety or depression were recruited after referral for psychological consultation. During eight consecutive weeks, patients participated in group meetings. The program included psycho- education, cognitive behavioral therapy, meditation and slow abdominal breathing. Standard measures of depression, anxiety and blood pressure were obtained at baseline and after completion of the program. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire was used as an instrument for detecting states of anxiety and depression. Results A total of 135 patients (mean age 56±9 years; 24% female) were enrolled. The mean HADS-Anxiety score improved from 11.0±3.7 at baseline to 6.6±3.4 after MBCT (p&amp;lt;0.001). The mean HADS-Depression score improved from 8.8±3.6 to 4.7±3.2 (p&amp;lt;0.001). In addition, during the MBCT program a significant decrease in blood pressure was noted: systolic from 140±18 to 130±17 mmHg and diastolic from 84±12 to 77±10 mmHg (p&amp;lt;0.001 for both). Conclusion This study provides evidence that a MBCT program has the potential to improve feelings of anxiety and depression in patients with CAD. Therefore, adding MBCT to cardiac rehabilitation in selected patients may be of great value. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

21.3 Evaluation of an Inpatient Psychiatric Hospital Unit Psychology Consultation Model: Quality, Satisfaction, and Areas of Improvement

Inpatient psychiatric hospitalization (IPH) rates for youth increased 104% between 2006 and 2011, costing billions of dollars annually. The complexity and acuity of patients on psychiatric inpatient units require a multidisciplinary model of care. But the role of psychology on IPH units varies due to many factors, including the aim and scope of the intervention model and allotted psychology time. The purpose of the current implementation study was to obtain an understanding of stakeholders’ perspectives of the importance of psychological services on the IPH unit. We hypothesized that: 1) the top 5 treatment priorities for psychology time would be highly distinct from other suggestions; 2) providers would be dissatisfied with the quantity of psychology time available; and 3) providers and caregivers would be satisfied with the caregiver group intervention. Inpatient unit providers (n = 43) stated their preferences for the optimal use of psychology time, as part of an 8-hour/week consultation model. They also responded to their satisfaction with elements of the consultation model including a 1-hour/week caregiver group. Caregivers (n = 49) provided feedback on their satisfaction levels with the group. Seventy-three percent of staff (n = 35) reported insufficient psychology time offered in the current 8-hour consult model. Behavior plans, caregiver groups, and psychoeducation on exposure techniques were identified as the top 3 priorities utilizing psychology time. Providers were split around their satisfaction with the amount of psychology time with the treatment team (39.6% satisfied; 37.5% dissatisfied; remainder not specified). Seventy-three percent of staff expressed satisfaction with the caregiver group (n = 43; p < 0.05), while 88% (n = 43; p < 0.05) of caregivers expressed satisfaction with the content covered. IPH unit providers generally agreed on more psychology time and ways to use an 8-hour/week psychology consultation model to meet milieu and patient needs but were split on their satisfaction of the quantity of psychology time with the treatment team. Caregivers were highly satisfied with the use of psychology to assist parents with discharge planning and skills training.

Research on Constructing the Cultivation Mode of College Students’ Innovative and Entrepreneurial Psychological Quality in Mental Health Education

Objectives: Under the background of entrepreneurship, college students have obvious entrepreneurial advantages and become the main force in the entrepreneurial army. Universities actively respond to the call of the state. Methods: In recent years, they have continuously expanded their enrollment, which has made many students exposed to higher education courses and increased the knowledge reserve of Chinese students. Entrepreneurial psychological quality refers to a kind of psychological quality level which is formed and continuously developed and matured under the influence of people’s entrepreneurial environment and corresponding society. Results: It is a reflection of people’s psychology and behavior. In the actual process of entrepreneurship, due to the lack of social experience and entrepreneurial psychological quality, it is often difficult for college students to achieve the desired goals, often ended in failure. It is important to cultivate the psychological quality of college students. Conclusion: Based on this, this paper constructs the cultivation path of College Students’ innovation and entrepreneurship psychological quality by improving the innovation and entrepreneurship health education curriculum, improving the psychological consultation mechanism, and doing a good job of psychological health dynamic tracking.

Maritime Pilots’ Risky Operational Behavior Analysis Based on Structural Equation Model

In this paper, a maritime pilots’ risky behaviour related factors questionnaire is designed to identify and quantify the factors of maritime pilots’ risky operational behaviour. And a questionnaire survey was conducted, which included four scales: risk-taking behavior, risk attitude, operational reliability, and risk perception. On this basis, the Structural Equation Model (SEM) of maritime pilots’ risky operational behavior is constructed to explore the internal relationship of the variable factors affecting maritime pilots’ operational behavior. The biggest influence on maritime pilots’ safety behavior is crowd psychology, which indicates that the maritime pilot’s mental health course, the psychological guidance course system, the psychological health consultation management, and safety training should be carried out regularly. Random evaluation and attention are significantly correlated with the risky cognition of maritime pilots. The results also explore that the maritime pilots’ risky behavior related factors questionnaire has a good structure, internal consistency, and validity in Chinese maritime pilots, and it is expected to be used for the Chinese maritime pilots’ subjective risky behavior self-evaluation. In addition, with empirical evidence for pilotage safety intervention in China, this measurement can also provide scheduling and management decision support for Chinese maritime pilot stations.

Assessment of factors influencing consultations after bariatric surgery

Background. Bariatric surgery programs are recognized as the best alternative for patients with severe obesity. Many studies conclude that bariatric surgery programs that include these pre- and postoperative consultations (PPC) by the multidisciplinary team have better overall outcome. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate factors that affect PPC during a bariatric surgery program in Mexico and assess the possible impact on the patients’ post-operative course. Materials and methods. In accordance with the the International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders guidelines, all patients included were between 18 and 65 age when bariatric surgery was performed. Preoperative assessment of patient eligibility for bariatric surgery included consultation with the main surgeon, a dietician, an internist, and a psychologist. If non-eligible cases were detected, these issues were addressed and fully treated before surgery was considered. Results. A total of 110 patients were included in this study. Eighty-one (74 %) patients were women and 29 (26 %) were men. We observed that women had significantly more consultation attendance than men (54.3 % versus 24.1 %, p = 0.005). Patients with higher initial BMI had significantly more consultation attendance than those with lower BMI (42.9 kg/m2 versus 38.6 kg/m2, p = 0.007). When consultation attendance was evaluated according to occupation, teaching workers had significantly (p = 0.003) more consultation attendance (71.4 %) while the students group had less consultation attendance (0). Patients who had higher percentage of excess of weight loss (EWL) had significantly more general, medical, nutritional and psychological consultation attendance than those with lower percentage of EWL (p = 0.04, p = 0.032, p = 0.039 and p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions. Consultation attendance with the multidisciplinary team is associated with better outcomes after bariatric surgery. “Nonattending” patients are at least partly responsible for any suboptimal results observed. Although this is certainly a factor for some patients, many other non-dependent reasons, such as cultural, social, economic or motivational reasons can also affect the loss of consultations in other patients.

Developing a web-based application for school councelling and guidance during COVID-19 Pandemic

Covid-19 pandemic that hit Indonesia since 2020 has made changes in the educational aspect where teachers must be able to adapt to the use of technology and minimize physical interaction. As a result, this also affects students’ well-being where some new things emerged such as learning process that was initially conducted face-to-face, currently shifted into distance learning. Subsequently, students need more psychological guidance from the school especially if the counselling and guidance can be accessed online to maintain students’ conditions and the quality of the learning itself. Therefore, this service team aims to improve the counseling guidance system of SMK Amal Bakti Jati Mulyo of South Lampung during COVID-19 pandemic by developing a website-based counseling application. The methods used in this activity were lecture and questionnaires, where lecture is for application socialization and questionnaires were to see the participants’ attitude regarding to the use of the website-based counselling and guidance application. This service has contributed that by developing this application system, students could do psychological consultation during covid-19 pandemic safety without having physical interaction.