Psychological Abilities Research Articles

An Assessment of Readiness for Discharge from Hospital after Elective Cranial Surgeries in a Tertiary Care Centre

Readiness for discharge from hospital is both a state and a process characterised by physical stability and competence to manage self-care at home; adequate support to cope after leaving the hospital; psychological ability to manage the process; and adequate information. The readiness to discharge of patient and care giver after cranial surgeries are studied little and only few studies are available in this area. This cross-sectional survey was done to find out the patients and care givers for discharge from readiness and its predictors. Patients having undergone elective cranial surgeries and their care givers aged 18 and above (176 each) were included for this survey. The data on discharge readiness was collected from patient and care giver of the same patient using validated tool, Readiness for hospital discharge scale – adult form and Readiness for hospital discharge scale, family care giver of adult patient form respectively. Only 40 percent of the patients were ready for discharge at the time of discharge from hospital while more than 75 percent of care givers were ready for their patients to be discharged from hospital at the time of planned discharge from hospital. Bivariate analysis showed that for patients, there is significantly lower level of readiness for discharge among the patients after 50 years of age. Those who have attended college, were unemployed and having good functional status were more ready for discharge. For care givers, education status and occupation were associated with more discharge readiness. Assessing patients' preparedness for discharge is an essential component of the discharge planning process. Our findings suggest that the development and implementation of effective discharge preparation programmes with patient and family education and appropriate referrals are prerequisites for readiness for discharge.

The promotion of common wealth through tourism industry development: the mediating role of tourism professionals

Abstract In the context of shared wealth, the tourism industry, as an essential economic driver, the quality improvement of its human resources is crucial for promoting the development of the industry and realizing the balance of social wealth. In this study, a set of evaluation systems for tourism professionals is constructed based on the competency iceberg model, and the index weights are calculated using the hierarchical single sorting method. Further, the B.P. neural network evaluation method was improved by particle swarm optimization algorithm, and PSO-SVM neural network model was created to evaluate tourism professionals. Taking City A as a case study, the development of tourism industry and its deficiencies were deeply analyzed. The results show that about 36.40% of the residents believe that developing the tourism industry helps improve the living standard and promote shared prosperity. In comparison, 48.36% of the residents reflect the lack of local tourism professionals. In the comprehensive evaluation of tourism talents by individuals, residents and tourists, the mean scores of the indicators of responsibility, work motivation and complete psychological ability were high, respectively 4.49, 4.53 and 4.70.The study not only highlights the crucial role of tourism professionals in promoting the development of tourism industry, but also provides empirical evidence and solid suggestions for future talent cultivation and development strategies in tourism industry.

Research on the Path of Digital Transformation of Music Education in Colleges and Universities

Abstract Digitalization is an important direction for the transformation of higher education, but the teaching of music majors still has problems, such as outdated methods and rigid models. In order to explore the digital transformation path of music education in colleges and universities, this paper designs and constructs a music emotion recognition model, which provides technical support solutions for the video-singing audition, appreciation of famous artists, and practice and correction of errors in the music classroom. Through feature extraction, the form of music expression emotion is transformed into music emotion features, using the wrapping method and filtering method for feature selection, using self-attention BiLSTM algorithm to establish the interoperability relationship between features and emotion model, and recognizing music emotion. The constructed model is utilized to aid in the teaching of music majors at a university as a teaching experiment object, and the teaching effect is examined. It was found that after the model-assisted teaching, the experimental class’s scores of music emotion comprehension ability, work element differentiation ability, emotion expression ability, and music psychology ability were all improved to different degrees, and compared with the pre-test scores showed a strongly significant difference (sig.<0.05). A significant improvement of 20.44% was seen in the total average score, which was 94.75. After the use of model-assisted teaching and the digitalization of music education, the quality of teaching in the experimental class was significantly improved, and this paper’s exploration of the digital transformation path of music education in colleges and universities was fruitful. This study has conducted an innovative exploration of the integration of modern information technology and music education, as well as the digital teaching reform of music majors in colleges and universities, and achieved good results.

The Relationship between the College Students’ Psychological Ability to Resist Frustration and Their Mental Health

The Relationship between the College Students’ Psychological Ability to Resist Frustration and Their Mental Health

Psychological Aspects and Coping Strategies Among Children of Baal Sudhar Griha, Morang

Background: Child development incorporates physical growth as well as intellectual, language, emotional and social development. During Juvenile home stay they are unable to fulfill their need and requirements of children over the duration of sentences, so many children are compromising their childhood as well as mental health. Assessment of psychological aspects and coping strategies of the children to identify their mental health and their measures to cope or overcome ups and down, also to identify the root causes of offending behavior and measures to prevent such behavior. Assessment of psychological aspects and ability to cope among children of Baal Sudhar Griha, Morang was the objective.
 Methods: Descriptive cross sectional study was adopted. At present 152 children residing at Baal Sudhar Griha of Morang were included by population enumerate sampling method. To assess socio-demographic variables semi- constructed structured questionnaire was used. To assess psychological aspects and coping strategies DASS-21 and Brief Cope was used. Descriptive and Inferential statistics were used for data analysis.
 Results: Most of the children (46%) were facing severe form of psychological challenges like stress, anxiety, depression. Similarly majority (67.1%) of the respondents were found to have emotion focused coping strategies used by the children of Baal Sudhar Griha.
 Conclusion: Study result reveals that majority of the children were facing severe form of stress, anxiety and depression. Around half of children used emotion focused coping strategies to cope such psychological distress in their day today life.

대학상담자가 심리검사 수행에서 겪는 어려움과 교육요구에 대한 탐색적 연구

This study explored the difficulties and educational needs that university counselors encounterin the process of selecting, conducting, scoring, interpreting, and delivering psychologicalassessment. A total of 41 university counselors were surveyed and analyzed using CQR-M. As aresult, 18 categories and 43 subcategories were identified for difficulties in performingpsychological assessment, including determining appropriate tests for clients, confusion due tothe increase in online psychological tests, conducting projection/intelligence tests, integratinginterpretation of test results, and difficulty in interpretation counseling sessions. In addition, 13categories and 37 subcategories were derived for educational needs concerning psychologicalassessment, including selecting suitable psychological tests for each case, implementing andscoring projection/intelligence tests, integrating test results, and interpretation counselingsessions. Based on these results, the content and future direction of educational initiatives aimedat enhancing counselor psychological assessment ability were discussed.

Educational and professional characteristics of persons who commit criminal offenses through fraud: a criminal analysis

The aim of the work is forensic analysis of educational and professional characteristics of persons who commit criminal offenses by fraud.
 The methodological basis of the study scientific works of criminologists who studied the problems of the identity of the criminal, materials for the study of criminal proceedings regarding fraud, analysis of questionnaires of employees who investigated criminal offenses committed by fraud.
 It has been established that the growth of crime, which changes in accordance with socio-economic changes in the state, prompts the search for new forms and methods of crime investigation. One of these directions is the creation of a forensic classification of persons in such a way that, using information about their typical characteristics, it would be possible to solve the general tasks of detecting and investigating criminal offenses.
 It is emphasized that for the characterization of a person who commits criminal offenses by fraud, physiological signs do not play a special role, since the commission of such illegal acts does not involve physical force and intimidation, but intelligence, psychological abilities, educational and professional knowledge and skills, etc. At the same time, the criminal-legal aspects of fraudsters should not be ignored, since it is the presence of guilt, motive and direction of intent, etc. that determine the criminality of a person’s actions and contribute to exposing the culprit. After all, when analyzing the features of the forensic characteristics of a fraudster, it is necessary to note a number of circumstances that motivate his behavior.
 The educational and professional characteristics of persons who commit criminal offenses by fraud are considered, depending on the sphere in which fraudulent actions are applied.
 Conclusions. It has been established that there are many ways of using deception. Instead, the choice of a certain method of committing fraudulent actions depends on a number of subjective and objective factors, among which the possession of skills and knowledge in a certain field by the subjects related to such illegal actions, as well as the level of their education and intellectual development. This is due to the need to use complex mental operations, intelligence and psychological influence to mislead the victim.

ІНКЛЮЗИВНЕ ФІЗИЧНЕ ВИХОВАННЯ ЗДОБУВАЧІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ З ІНВАЛІДНІСТЮ: АКЦЕНТИ В СУЧАСНОМУ ВИМІРІ

The relevance of the study is due to the rapid increase of students with disabilities as a result of the war and the urgent need to adapt the educational process of higher school to the challenges of the state of war. We consider the benchmarks for solving the mentioned problem from the standpoint of domestic pedagogical science with an emphasis on taking into account the determinants of inclusive education and the use of forms, means, and methods of physical education. The purpose of the research is to identify and justify the emphasis on inclusive physical education of students with disabilities in the modern dimension. The research is based on the use of a complex of general scientific theoretical methods: analysis, synthesis, systematization, and generalization. The results. It has been studied that the change of emphasis in the interpretation of the concept of disability leads to the need to provide a comprehensive approach to creating conditions that would contribute to the full realization of the inclusion of students with disabilities during their studies in higher education institutions. It was found that inclusive physical education is currently the most effective means of inclusion, the main idea of which is to ensure the psychological comfort and interest of students with disabilities in the course of classes due to complete freedom of choice of means, methods, and forms of implementation of their physical education. The main goal of modern inclusive physical education with the help of various types of motor activity is the formation and development of physical condition, physical and psychological abilities, which ensure the adaptation of students with disabilities to their state of health, the variability of the environment, caused by transformations in the social life of the country. Attention is focused on the influence of inclusive physical education on the mental sphere of students with disabilities under martial law. The necessity of focusing inclusive physical education on creating a basis for students with disabilities to gain experience in health care skills and inclusion in active motor activity aimed at improving their health is determined. For many students with disabilities under martial law, inclusive physical education is the only way to "break" the closed space, enter society, find new friends, and get an opportunity for active physical activity. Conclusions. In the conditions of martial law, inclusive physical education is primarily aimed at creating conditions for the full realization of the physical and mental development of students with disabilities during the educational process, organized based on modern general scientific and special technologies of the theory, methodology and practice of physical culture, adapted to the needs of modern times.

Physical Attributes and Psychological Characteristics of Basketball Players Towards Creation of a Wellness Program

The objective of this research is to examine the evaluations provided by 44 basketball coaches according to the physical features and psychological traits and talents of their players. The primary aim is to enhance coaching effectiveness and promote overall well-being. The profiles of coaches exhibited a broad range of coaching backgrounds, including various age groups, genders, and years of experience. The evaluation of athletes' physical characteristics, including speed, agility, core strength, and leaping ability, was carried out, uncovering notable variations in coaches' evaluations of athletes' speed across different age categories. Nevertheless, there were no notable disparities observed with regards to any physical characteristics. Furthermore, an evaluation was conducted to assess the psychological attributes and abilities of players, such as visualization, relaxation, attentional focus, anxiety management, self-confidence, and motivation towards athletic success. The findings revealed that there were no notable variations based on the age, gender, or years of experience of the coaches. Furthermore, the research has successfully proven a noteworthy correlation between the physical features and psychological characteristics and talents of players, thereby emphasizing the interdependence of these dimensions within the realm of coaching. Therefore, it is suggested that a comprehensive wellness program be implemented for basketball coaches, with a primary focus on strengthening coaching efficacy. This can be achieved by developing coaches' understanding and proficiency in analyzing and enhancing players' physical features, as well as their psychological traits and skills. The program integrates a range of tactics, including scheduled training sessions, workshops, and mentorship opportunities, with the aim of addressing multiple dimensions of coaching well-being. Through the implementation of this program, basketball coaches have the opportunity to enhance their coaching capabilities and make a positive impact on player development and team success. This program underscores the significance of continuous support and development for coaches in fostering the physical and psychological growth of athletes in the realm of basketball.

Do psychological and social factors drive female youth entrepreneurial readiness: the moderating effect of entrepreneurial education

PurposeUsing resource-based theory as a base, this paper aims to analyse the moderating role of entrepreneurial education on the relationship between psychological (perseverance and fear of failure) and social (family support and role models) factors as they related to entrepreneurial readiness among female youth.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 1914 female youth who have pursued a formal entrepreneurial course was used to understand the relationship and its impact on entrepreneurial readiness. Liner regression technique was used to understand the hypotheses set for the study.FindingsThe results signify a positive impact of perseverance and family support for entrepreneurial readiness, while that of fear of failure was negative, role models were positive but non-significant. Entrepreneurial education was key for enhancing psychological and social factors abilities for female youth entrepreneurial readiness.Research limitations/implicationsThe cross-sectional data collected from females in an urban area makes the generalisation of the findings challenging.Practical implicationsPolicymakers and academia are to be cognizant of the fact that formal entrepreneurial education is a contributor to entrepreneurial readiness.Originality/valueThis study adds to the paucity of research on entrepreneurial readiness of female youth in developing economies like Ghana with the identification and explanation of its antecedents as well as situating it in both resource-based view and social capital theories.

Psycho-social and health predictors of loneliness in older primary care patients and mediating mechanisms linking comorbidities and loneliness

BackgroundAging is associated with many personal, social, and environmental challenges that increase the risk of loneliness. Loneliness is a painful emotional experience associated with a perceived lack of connection and intimacy. Loneliness accelerates health deterioration, but the presence of chronic health conditions (comorbidities) in older individuals may potentiate the feeling of loneliness. The relationships between health status and loneliness in older individuals have not been assessed in an integrated manner, although it is necessary for planning efficient interventions. The aim of this study was to fill in this knowledge gap, by attempting to create an integrated model of loneliness in older individuals.MethodsThe sample consisted of 189 (58% F) older individuals (> 60 years) (mean ± SD, 78.47 ± 6.65), attendees in Primary Health Care. Different factors associated with loneliness in the older population were assessed, and classified as demographic, environmental, physical (health-related), and psychological, in addition to functional abilities. A set of standard questionnaires was used to assess psychological factors and functional abilities. The hierarchical regression model assessed the effect of particular blocks of factors on status loneliness. The second aim was to analyze how psychological factors mediate associations between health status (comorbidity level) and loneliness.ResultsIndicated that increasing comorbidity, anxiety, lack of positive moods, not having hobbies/activities, low perception of social support, impaired cognitive function, and suppression of emotion expression, are significant predictors of loneliness. Mediation analysis informed us of how to help patients with comorbidities feel less lonely. Interventions that were suggested were those that can reduce anxiety and depression, improve cognitive abilities and emotional regulation control, and enhance social support.ConclusionsResults can help understand the pathophysiology loops linking poor health status (comorbidity level) of older individuals and loneliness, and have significant potentials from the translational perspectives, as a decision-support tool.

Inclusion of Sexual Health Education for the Wellbeing and Dignity of Secondary School Children: An Indian Rural Perspective

The study investigates students’ perspectives on incorporating sexual health education into the curriculum of secondary schools in rural Bangalore. Focused on assessing how such education impacts students’ physical and psychological well-being, confidence, and ability to make informed decisions, the research collected data from 981 students across 6th to 10th grades. A structured questionnaire, measured on a five-point Likert scale, explored students’ perceptions of sexual health education and its outcomes. After a meticulous data cleaning process, which included outlier removal, the study utilized a final sample of 900 students. IBM SPSS 25 and AMOS 25 facilitated the statistical analysis. The findings underscore the significant positive effect of sexual health education on students’ confidence levels. It highlights how this form of education aids in maintaining personal hygiene and fosters balanced decision-making skills among students. The study’s results advocate for the implementation of sexual health education in schools, emphasizing its role in enhancing student wellbeing and confidence. Additionally, it contributes to defining the scope and framework of a sexual health education curriculum from the students’ perspective in rural Bangalore schools, aligning educational objectives with the actual needs and perceptions of the student body.

Time to Heal: Trauma's Impact on Rape & Sexual Assault Statutes of Limitations

Short statutes of limitations for sex crimes ask the impossible of many victims: report the crime before they have recovered from the trauma. Perpetrators go free as a direct result of the injury they caused. Nearly a third of victims of rape and sexual assault have PTSD during their lifetimes. PTSD is associated with three symptoms pertinent to reporting a crime: avoidance coping (avoiding distressing thoughts, feelings, or reminders of the attack), dissociative amnesia (forgetting important or all aspects of the attack), and depression. These symptoms all affect a victim’s psychological ability to report a crime before a short statute of limitations runs.
 This Article summarizes and critiques the current state of statutes of limitations across the country for rape, forcible rape, and sexual assault. In many states, the statute of limitations is shockingly short. No state tolls limitations periods for trauma-induced reporting delay, but every state should. In fact, given the rates of PTSD among victims and the associated symptoms, this Article advocates for extending statutes of limitations in all cases to ten years for rape and sexual assault and abolishing limitation periods for forcible rape. These changes will give victims more time to heal from the trauma inflicted on them, allowing victims to report when they are ready, and will help ensure that attackers will not escape punishment because of the trauma they inflicted.

Design of innovation ability evaluation model based on IPSO-LSTM in intelligent teaching

Guided by the development of an innovative economy, students’ innovative education has also become the focus of talent training. This research aims to realize the intelligent evaluation of students’ innovation ability. In this article, we proposed an innovation ability framework that integrates students’ psychological state and innovation evaluation indicators. Firstly, the qualitative description of psychological data is quantified using the Delphi method. Secondly, this article proposes an improved particle swarm optimization-long short-term memory (IPSO-LSTM) model to achieve high-precision evaluation and classification of innovation capabilities. The classification accuracy of this model for excellent, general and failed innovation capabilities is up to 95.3%. Finally, the characteristic contribution analysis of psychological and innovative ability characteristics is carried out. The results show that the evaluation of creative ability contributes more than 50% to the psychological aspects of excellent students. This shows the importance of psychological status on creative ability and provides a theoretical basis for integrating innovative education and psychological education in the future.

The role and significance of mobile games in the process of psychological and psychophysiological development of young football players at the stage of initial training

Organized football increasingly goes against the capabilities and needs of the child. This trend is especially critical at the stage of initial preparation. In addition to the negative effects on the physical development of young football players, forcing training and ignoring their age characteristics has an extremely destructive effect on the mental development of children. The article analyzes the possibilities and advantages of pedagogical means of regulating motivational factors and the process of forming a number of psychological qualities and abilities of young football players aged 6 to 9 years. Suggested methods of personality formation of young football players. The formation of the sports character of young football players should consist of both team actions and individual characteristics.
 Focusing on raising children begins in the environment that shapes them. The most important component of the formation of a young personality is the psychological aspect. Due to various movements with and without the ball, children can gain game experience. Adapting exercises to the child's needs is a basic condition for preventing traumatic effects and promoting its harmonious development, creating prerequisites for stimulating independent thinking, using the "try to find a solution" principle. The work summarizes data from special literary sources and domestic practical experience, as well as analyzes the key factors that determine the dynamics of training and physical and psychological development of young football players. The mechanisms of the influence of the use of pedagogical tools of a game nature on the process of formation of the motivational, cognitive and psycho- emotional sphere of a child of primary school age playing football are shown.

Preoperative psychological competitive ability has little relationship with subjective knee function and return to sports at 6 months postoperatively in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

ObjectiveThis prospective study aimed to investigate the relationship between preoperative psychological competitive ability and preoperative and 6 months postoperative subjective knee function in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. MethodsEighty-four patients who underwent ACL reconstruction and had a Tegner Activity Scale score of 6 or more were included in this study. Preoperatively, all patients were administered the Diagnostic Inventory of Psychological Competitive Ability for Athletes (DIPCA.3) for psychological competitive ability assessment and the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee Evaluation Form for subjective knee function assessment. The IKDC subjective score was re-evaluated 6 months postoperatively. We evaluated the associations of volition for competition, mental stability and concentration, confidence, strategic ability, and cooperation (DIPCA.3 factors) with the IKDC subjective score preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively. Furthermore, patients were classified into two groups according to whether they could return to participate in the entire practice and compared the DIPCA.3 total score and IKDC subjective score. ResultsThe DIPCA.3 confidence score negatively correlated with the preoperative IKDC subjective score (β = −0.34, p = 0.04). However, there was no association between the DIPCA.3 score for all variables and IKDC subjective score at 6 months after ACL reconstruction. Moreover, the DIPCA.3 total score was not related to return to participate in the entire practice 6 months after ACL reconstruction. ConclusionPsychological competitive ability is not associated with a return to participate in the entire practice, and a low preoperative IKDC subjective score should not be viewed too negatively.

Analysis of How the Music Curriculum Can Contribute to the Implementation of Quality Education from a Cognitive Developmental Perspective

As the demands on childrens quality development grow, music is gradually becoming a way of developing good morals. The purpose of this paper is to analyse how the music curriculum can contribute to the implementation of quality education from a cognitive developmental perspective based on existing literature and research results. With regard to music education, three aspects are analysed: humanistic, aesthetic and practical. Concerning cognitive development, it is analysed through four stages of cognitive development. The result shows that the music curriculum has largely improved the cognitive, intellectual and psychological abilities of students, and the application of cognitive development theory in education has improved teachers teaching methods, together contributing to the development of quality education. The application of theory in education has led to a steady shift in the educational paradigm towards a focus on individual differences and a greater student-centred approach. According to research, there is a direct correlation between musical quality and cognitive growth. The aesthetic foundation of the music curriculum is stressed, with a goal of encouraging qualitative growth. Teachers have a solid theoretical foundation to work from when they change lesson plans because of the theory of cognitive development.

International political relations on the anxiety disorders of Sino-Japanese Marine literature exchange

BackgroundThe exchange of Marine literature is conducive to enhancing the understanding and friendship between the two peoples, and is also closely related to international political relations. However, tensions and uncertainties in international political situations often carry a risk of developing anxiety disorders.Subjects and MethodsBased on a psychological perspective, we collected personal information about participants’ personal information, the degree of anxiety disorders and the perception of international political relationships through questionnaires. The sample includes 400 people from Both China and Japan. The correlation of anxiety disorder and international political relations was analyzed by Logistic.ResultsThe research results show that the international political relations under the background of Sino-Japanese Marine literature exchange have a significant impact on the anxiety disorders of the two peoples (P <0.05). In the tense and unstable political environments, people generally show higher levels of anxiety. In addition, compared with the Chinese people, the Japanese people are more likely to experience anxiety disorders under the pressure of international political relations.ConclusionsInternational political relations have an important impact on people’s mental health. In order to reduce public anxiety disorders, it is necessary to strengthen communication and cooperation between China and Japan to improve people’s psychological resilience and coping ability through various channels. In addition, governments and the international community should work together to promote a stable and sustainable development of international political relations and reduce the risk of anxiety among people.AcknowledgementGeneral Project of Philosophy and Social Science Research in Jiangsu Universities in 2022 (No. 2022SJYB1858); Fellowship: Project of Social Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province in 2017 (No. 17WWB006*).

Brief Analysis of the Establishment of Singing State in Vocal Music Learning

As a form of musical expression, vocal music mainly shows the emotions to be expressed when singing songs by training pronunciation skills. Therefore, the psychological factors and emotional expression behind the singing skills play a key role in the complete performance of the song. For vocal singing, it is not enough to have a beautiful sound. It is also necessary to add strong inner emotions to the beating notes, and at the same time have good psychological coordination ability. Only in this way can the singing be performed vividly and vividly. In addition to the psychological state, there are also vocal state, breathing state, etc. The state of various organs of the human body when singing will affect the accuracy and completeness of the sound when singing, and will also affect people's most sincere and natural feelings.

A Study on the Cultivation of Psychological Stress Management Ability of Medical Personnel Based on Case Teaching

Medical work is often accompanied by high-intensity pressure and emotional load, and the impact of psychological stress on medical personnel cannot be ignored. In such a background, case teaching, as a teaching method with strong practicability and high interactivity, provides an effective way to cultivate the psychological stress-handling ability of medical personnel. This paper discusses the application of case teaching around the cultivation of the psychological stress-handling ability of medical personnel. The importance of psychological stress in medical personnel as well as its purpose and significance are introduced, as well as the advantages of case teaching in the cultivation of psychological stress handling ability and the limitations and challenges faced by case teaching. This is followed by a brief overview of the key steps of identifying training objectives and needs, collecting and screening suitable cases, designing case teaching activities, implementing case teaching, and assessment and feedback. Effective psychological stress management skills can help medical staff better cope with stress and challenges at work, enhance their psychological resilience and adaptability, and thus improve work effectiveness and provide better patient care.