Pruritus Score Research Articles

The impact of abrocitinib treatment on lesion area and pruritus in patients with atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by intense itching and lesions that significantly impact patients' quality of life. Abrocitinib, a selective Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) inhibitor, has shown promise in treating AD by targeting inflammatory pathways linked to disease symptoms. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the effectiveness of abrocitinib in reducing lesion severity and pruritus in AD patients. A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library was conducted on September 19, 2024, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Included studies were randomized controlled trials assessing abrocitinib's effects on lesion area and pruritus in AD patients. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Statistical analyses, including meta-regression and subgroup analysis, were conducted using Stata. Funnel plots were examined to assess publication bias. Five studies met inclusion criteria, with sample sizes ranging from 267 to 837 participants. Abrocitinib significantly improved Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) and Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI-75) scores, as well as pruritus scores on the Pruritus Patient Numeric Rating Scale (PP-NRS), compared to placebo (all P < 0.001). A dose-response effect was observed, with higher efficacy at the 200mg dose. The incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) was higher in the intervention group, particularly at 200mg, though no significant difference was noted in serious adverse events (SAEs) between groups. Abrocitinib is effective in reducing lesion severity and pruritus in AD, with dose-dependent improvements. Despite a higher incidence of manageable TEAEs at 200mg, no significant increase in SAEs was observed, supporting abrocitinib's safety and efficacy as a treatment for moderate to severe AD. CRD420251056272.

Isolation and characterization of Pseudomonas phage HJ01 and its therapeutic efficacy in canine pyoderma

BackgroundPseudomonas aeruginosa is a major pathogen in canine pyoderma, with increasing antibiotic resistance necessitating the development of alternative therapies. This study aimed to isolate and characterize a lytic phage targeting multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa and evaluate its therapeutic efficacy in a canine pyoderma model. The key methods include isolation of phage HJ01 from wastewater, identification of genomic and biological characteristics, and subcutaneous injection of HJ01 in a canine pyoderma model induced by P. aeruginosa.ResultsThe host strain GDPA-01 exhibited multidrug resistance, with a 75% resistance gene detection rate, and harbored virulence genes such as exoU and exoT. Phage HJ01, classified as Pakpunavirus, exhibited optimal activity at pH 6.0–8.0, thermal stability up to 50 °C, a latent period of 20 min, and a burst size of 52 PFU/cell. In vivo, compared with the controls, HJ01 significantly reduced pruritus, cytology, and skin lesion scores (p < 0.05). Histopathology confirmed that in dogs treated with HJ01, epidermal repair was accelerated and inflammation was reduced.ConclusionsHJ01 emerges as a promising therapeutic candidate for managing multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa infections in companion animals. This study pioneers the application of phage therapy in canine pyoderma, highlighting its potential to mitigate antibiotic overuse and address public health risks associated with zoonotic multidrug-resistant bacteria.

Efficacy and Safety of Oral Terbinafine versus Itraconazole in the Treatment of Dermatophytosis: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: Dermatophytosis, a common fungal infection which is typically treated with a combination of systemic and topical antifungals. However, there is an increasing trend of these infections that is not responding well to conventional treatments. Objective: To assess the effectiveness and safety of two antifungal medications, oral Terbinafine and Itraconazole, in treating dermatophytic infections. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted at the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Combined Military Hospital, Ghatail and comprised of 100 patients diagnosed with Dermatophytosis. They were divided into two groups: Group A received 375 mg of Terbinafine tablets daily, while Group B was given 300 mg of Itraconazole capsules daily, in two divided dose, both for a duration of 6 weeks. Follow-ups were conducted in the 3rd and 6th weeks, during which scores for erythema, pruritus, and pigmentation were documented along with cure rate and recurrence rate. Data were analyzed by SPSS v25. Results: The mean age of the participants was 31.5±9.5 years and most were males (54%). At baseline, moderate to severe scores for erythema, pruritus, and pigmentation were noted in 49(98%), 50(100%) and 43(86%) of patients in group A and 48(96%), 49(98%) and 40(80%) of patients in group B respectively. Improvement in all the three symptoms (erythema, pruritus and pigmentation) was seen at the 6th week of treatment with no significant difference between two groups (p&gt;0.05). From baseline to 6th week of treatment, there was no significant difference between the two groups in reducing erythema (p=0.05) and pigmentation (p=0.06). However, group A patients had a much better improvement in reducing pruritus compared to group B (p=0.006). By the 6th week of treatment, 43(87.8%) group A patients and 37(74%) group B patients were completely cured. During treatment period, a total of 28 patients reported with adverse drug reactions. Conclusion: The results of the study indicated that over a 6-week treatment period, Itraconazole and Terbinafine provided comparable outcomes. JAFMC Bangladesh, Vol 20, No 2 (December) 2024: 16-21

Efficacy of Topical Andrographis Paniculata Extract for Pruritus in Chronic Liver Disease: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Objective: Assessing the effectiveness of topical extract from Andrographis paniculata, which has anti-inflammatory properties, in reducing pruritus in individuals with chronic liver disease. Materials and Methods: At Chiang Rai Prachanukroh Hospital, a randomized, placebo-controlled trial was carried out from 2021 to 2024. Forty-five individuals with chronic liver disease and persistent pruritus who were at least eighteen years old were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive 4% extract cream from Andrographis paniculata or a placebo, which was applied twice a day for four weeks. The dynamic pruritus score (DPS), which was used to measure pruritus severity at baseline, week 1, and week 4, was the main outcome. The dermatology life quality index (DLQI) was used to measure the quality of life as the secondary outcome. Results: The Andrographis paniculata extract significantly improved the pruritus severity compared to placebo, with DPS scores of 6.31±0.41 at week 1 and 6.82±0.40 at week 4 versus 5.01±0.24 and 5.59±0.35, respectively (p&lt;0.001). However, there was no significant difference in DLQI scores between treatments. There were no adverse effects reported, and one participant in the treatment arm withdrew due to logistical issues. Conclusion: Andrographis paniculata topical extract is a reliable and efficient remedy for alleviating pruritus in individuals with chronic liver disease. However, larger sample numbers and longer follow-up times are required for future research to validate these findings and evaluate the impact on quality of life.

Systemic neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists mitigate chronic pruritus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Systemic neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists mitigate chronic pruritus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

NEBULIZED METHYLENE BLUE AS AN ANTI-PRURITIC TREATMENT MODALITY IN DOGS WITH ATOPIC DERMATITIS

Canine atopic dermatitis (cAD) is a chronic inflammatory dermotological disorder in dogs, primarily characterized by pruritus. Conventional treatment modalities involve topical and systemic agents among allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT); however, their effectiveness varies, and potential adverse effects necessitate alternative therapeutic approaches. Methylene blue (MB) is a cationic photosensitizer with antimicrobial and neuromodulatory effects, previously shown to alleviate pruritus in human medicine by blocking peripheral nerve endings. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic capability of nebulized MB in reducing pruritus severity in dogs with AD. For this propose a total of 13 dogs diagnosed with AD without any treatment for at least three weeks were enrolled to the study. All cases were assessed using the Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index (CADESI-04) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS). MB was administered via nebulization in a single session, and pruritus scores were recorded on days 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10. The results demonstrated a marked reduction in pruritus scores following MB administration, with the most significant improvements observed on days 4, 6, and 8. no adverse effects were noted throughout the study. Given its neuro-modulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, MB appears to be a promising alternative approach for the management of pruritus associated with AD in dogs. In conclusion nebulized MB is a safe and effective treatment modality for pruritus management in cAD. These findings warrant further controlled studies to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and long-term therapeutic potential of MB in veterinary dermatology.

Photodynamic therapy combined with curettage for actinic keratosis on the face and scalp: An efficient treatment for field cancerization of the skin.

Photodynamic therapy combined with curettage for actinic keratosis on the face and scalp: An efficient treatment for field cancerization of the skin.

Effect of a ceruminolytic ear cleaner on clinical, microbiological and ear canal microbiome evolution in canine erythemato-ceruminous otitis externa associated with proliferation of Malassezia yeasts.

Erythemato-ceruminous otitis externa (ECOE) is commonly associated with Malassezia spp. and microbial imbalance. To assess the clinical performance of an ear cleaner in dogs suffering from ECOE associated with Malassezia spp. overgrowth and to measure its impact on the microbiota. Thirty privately owned dogs suffering from mild-to-moderate ECOE associated with Malassezia spp. overgrowth. Pruritus score (PS), clinical score (0-3 Otitis Index Score [OTIS3]: based on secretions, erythema, hyperplasia and ulceration) and cytological score (CS) were assessed on Day (D)0, D7, and D14. Sterile ear swabs were used on D0 and D14 to perform fungal culture DNA extraction, and PCR amplification of the 18 ITS and 16S rRNA gene was carried out to evaluate the composition and changes of the otic microbiome. Ears were cleaned with a cerumenolytic ear cleanser daily, every other day, or twice a week depending on the secretion score. Fifty-seven ears (30 dogs) completed the study. PS, OTIS-3, and CS were significantly decreased at D7 and D14 (-45%, -43%, -60% and -77%, -66%, -76%, respectively; p < 0.0001 Wilcoxon test). Fungal culture was positive (Malassezia spp.) in only 34 ears at D0 and was negative in all ears at D14. Mycobiota composition was significantly different before and after treatment with an increase of fungal diversity (Shannon index; p < 0.003 Wilcoxon test) at D14 compared to D0. There was no change in bacterial composition. In case of ECOE associated with Malassezia spp. overgrowth, the use of the tested ear cleaner showed a positive impact on the fungal dysbiosis and Malassezia spp. overgrowth.

Evaluation of hydrolyzed salmon and hydrolyzed poultry feather diets in restrictive diet trials for diagnosis of food allergies in pruritic dogs.

Canine cutaneous adverse food reaction (CAFR) is a common disorder caused by abnormal and unwanted skin reactions to ingested dietary allergens. Whereas other forms of allergic dermatitis may require drug therapy, CAFR is best treated with dietary change. Therefore, early and accurate diagnosis and treatment of CAFR are critical. The gold standard test for CAFR is a 6-12 week elimination diet trial using limited and known hypoallergenic proteins. A multicenter, triple-blinded, randomized, crossover prospective clinical study was conducted in dogs suspected to have cutaneous adverse food reaction. The study utilized a hydrolyzed salmon (HS) diet and a hydrolyzed poultry feather (HPF) diet in separate elimination diet trials to determine if the HS diet would be efficacious and well-tolerated, compared with the established HPF diet, to diagnose and treat CAFR. Fifty-seven dogs were enrolled, and 47 dogs completed the study. HS was well-tolerated, similar to HPF. Pruritus scores during the initial elimination diet trial were reduced with both diets, and dermatitis severity scores during both diet trials were reduced with both diets in the 47 dogs diagnosed with either CAFR, CAFR with atopic dermatitis (AD), or AD. Over half of the subjects diagnosed with CAFR or CAFR with AD required >4 weeks to show PVAS score decreases ≥2 or any decrease in CADESI-4 score. HS, like HPF, presents a valuable diagnostic and treatment tool for dogs suffering from CAFR. Both hydrolyzed diets tested also improved clinical signs in dogs diagnosed with AD and may be useful adjunctive tools in the management of canine AD.

The impact of air pollution on disease activity in bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus

The impact of air pollution on disease activity in bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus

Safety and efficacy of topical simvastatin plus cholesterol cream versus topical simvastatin cream alone for porokeratosis ptychotropica: A randomized, single-blind, split-body, placebo-controlled, investigator-initiated trial.

Safety and efficacy of topical simvastatin plus cholesterol cream versus topical simvastatin cream alone for porokeratosis ptychotropica: A randomized, single-blind, split-body, placebo-controlled, investigator-initiated trial.

Scabiosis, Otitis Externa, With Toxocariosis and Ancylostomiasis In Local Cat

Background: Skin diseases caused by ectoparasites are common health issues found in clinical cases involving domestic animals kept as pets. Scabiosis is a skin disease in livestock and companion animals caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei or Notoedres cati mites in the stratum corneum of the skin. Otitis externa is an inflammatory condition in the external ear canal. Toxocariosis is a disease brought on by parasites from the genus Toxocara. Hookworm disease is an infection by hookworms, Ancylostoma sp. Purpose: To report the management of scabiosis, otitis externa, toxocariosis and ancylostomiasis in local cats. Case: The case animal was a male cat named Chipmunk, aged 3 years, with orange eyes and hair color, 2.4 kg body weight. The cat was examined due to redness on the back of the neck and scratching behavior while eating. Upon physical examination, the cat appeared active and behaved calmly with a scratching habit. The pruritus score was 8/10. The Body Condition Score (BCS) was 3 out of 9. There was alopecia and hyperkeratosis on the face, ears, and neck; crusts on the neck area and scales on the face and neck. The nasal mucosa was moist and the oral mucosa was pale pink. Abdominal palpation revealed a relatively firm consistency. Laboratory examinations conducted included complete blood count (CBC), superficial skin scraping, ear cerumen swab, direct microscopic examination, sedimentation, floatation, and egg per gram for feces. Case Management: The treatment involved the administration of ivermectin and diphenhydramine injections, drontal, and prescribed medications included chlorpheneramine maleate, multivitamin, and fish oil. Conclusion: Treatment for scabiosis and otitis externa proved effective, as well as toxocariosis and ancylostomiasis clinically.

Efficacy of nasal saline irrigation in conjunction with intranasal steroids in allergic rhinitis.

To study the efficacy of nasal saline irrigation combined with intranasal corticosteroids in treating Allergic Rhinitis and compare it with intranasal corticosteroids alone. A prospective, randomized trial conducted at a tertiary care center. Symptomatic individuals diagnosed with Allergic Rhinitis were included. The control group received fluticasone propionate nasal spray (200 mcg/day) and the treatment group received fluticasone propionate nasal spray (200 mcg/day) along with nasal saline irrigation with isotonic normal saline (50 ml/nostril with each irrigation thrice a day). The two groups were followed up for 12 weeks. The outcome was compared using a patient-reported experience measure "Allergic rhinitis scoring system". A total of 120 patients (60 in each group) were included in the study. Pre-intervention, there were no significant differences between the two groups with the Allergic rhinitis scoring system. Post-Intervention, significant improvements were evident across all assessed symptoms: rhinorrhoea (14.93 ± 4.16 vs. 17.80 ± 3.16, p < 0.0001), sneezing (14.40 ± 3.91 vs. 18.27 ± 3.16, p < 0.0001), nasal blockage (10.47 ± 4.66 vs. 13.80 ± 4.80, p = 0.0002), nasal pruritus (17.93 ± 3.17 vs. 19.13 ± 1.96, p = 0.0140), ocular pruritus (18.60 ± 2.84 vs. 19.13 ± 2.22, p = 0.2537), and total Allergic rhinitis scoring system score (77.00 ± 9.79 vs. 88.13 ± 7.70, p < 0.0001). Nasal saline irrigation used in conjunction with intranasal corticosteroids more effectively alleviates all symptoms of Allergic rhinitis. However, there was no significant difference in ocular pruritus in both groups. Trial registered with Clinical trial registry-India, CTRI/2023/01/048641. URL: https://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/main1.php?EncHid=44058.73881 .

Epidemiology and Severity of Prurigo Nodularis In Europe: A Literature Review With an Application to Italian Data

Introduction: Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with recent definition and relatively low prevalence. Information on PN, including its epidemiology, severity, and burden of disease is still scanty. Objectives: We sought to review and summarize recent quantitative data on PN in Europe, and to estimate the burden of disease in Italy with a focus on moderate-to-severe PN. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature review of recent studies on the epidemiology of PN in Europe, using PubMed/Medline and EMBASE. The study selection process was conducted independently by 2 reviewers. Articles focused on the severity of PN were also searched, and relevant information was extracted. Synthetic results were combined to population data to derive the best estimate of the burden of PN in Italian adults. Results: Five articles reporting data on incidence and/or prevalence of PN in European populations were identified. The prevalence of PN ranged from 6.5 to 111.0 cases per 100,000, with a median estimate of 32.7 cases per 100,000, the incidence ranging between 2.88 and 20 per 100,000 person-years. Five (other) studies reported data on the severity of PN, measured through pruritus scores, quality-of-life indexes and/or percentage of non-response to treatment. We estimated a total of 16,280 prevalent PN cases in Italy, of whom 6,073 had moderate-to-severe to very severe disease. Among the latter, 1,798 estimated cases were not controlled by standard treatments. Conclusions: We retrieved and summarized recent epidemiological data on PN, evidencing a high burden of disease in Italy and other European countries.

Epidemiology and Severity of Prurigo Nodularis in Europe: A Literature Review with an Application to Italian Data.

Prurigo nodularis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with recent definition and relatively low prevalence. Information on prurigo nodularis, including its epidemiology, severity, and burden of disease, is still scanty. We sought to review and summarize recent quantitative data on prurigo nodularis in Europe and to estimate the burden of disease in Italy, with a focus on moderate-to-severe prurigo nodularis. We conducted a systematic literature review of recent studies on the epidemiology of prurigo nodularis in Europe, using PubMed/MEDLINE and EMBASE. The study selection process was conducted independently by two reviewers. Articles focusing on the severity of prurigo nodularis were also searched (non-systematically), and relevant information was extracted. Synthetic results were combined to population data to derive the best estimate of the burden of prurigo nodularis in Italian adults. Five articles reporting data on incidence and/or prevalence of prurigo nodularis in European populations were identified. The prevalence of prurigo nodularis ranged from 6.5 to 111.0 cases per 100,000, with a median estimate of 32.7 cases per 100,000, the incidence ranging between 2.88 and 20 per 100,000 person-years. Five other studies reported data on the severity of prurigo nodularis, measured through pruritus scores, quality-of-life indexes and/or percentage of non-response to treatment. We estimated a total of 16,280 prevalent prurigo nodularis cases in Italy, of whom 6,073 had moderate-to-severe to very severe disease. Among the latter, 1,798 estimated cases were not controlled by standard treatments. We retrieved and summarized recent epidemiological data on prurigo nodularis, evidencing a high burden of disease in Italy and other European countries.

Evaluation of skin hydration and anti-itch properties after application of a novel urea-based moisturizing cream

Objectives Moisturizers are crucial in improving skin hydration and reducing transepidermal water loss (TEWL), especially in individuals with dry skin. This study aims to evaluate Venusia Ureka Cream’s efficacy in enhancing skin hydration, reducing TEWL, and providing itch relief in individuals with dry, itchy skin. Materials and Methods This single-center, observational study enrolled participants with dry skin. Participants applied Venusia Ureka Cream at four test sites on their forearms, with four control sites left untreated. Skin hydration and TEWL were measured using the MoistureMeter stratum corneum and VapoMeter, respectively, at baseline, 12, 24, and 36 h after application. Pruritus was assessed using a 10-point Visual Analog Scale at baseline, 6, and 12 h. Results The study included 32 participants (mean age: 28.66 ± 8.68 years; 75% female). Skin hydration improved significantly at occluded test sites, increasing from baseline (10.71 ± 3.45) to 36 h (37.48 ± 16.33; P &lt; 0.001), reaching normal hydration levels, while unoccluded sites showed modest but significant improvement (10.68 ± 3.36–15.23 ± 8.05; P &lt; 0.001). TEWL increased significantly at 24 h under occluded conditions (P = 0.040), with no significant changes at other time points or under unoccluded conditions (P &gt; 0.05). Pruritus scores decreased by 54.6% at 6 h (P &lt; 0.001) and 94.7% at 12 h (P &lt; 0.001). No adverse reactions were observed. Conclusion Venusia Ureka Cream effectively enhances skin hydration, reduces TEWL, and provides rapid relief from pruritus. The product is well-tolerated and offers sustained hydration, making it a promising solution for individuals with dry, itchy skin.

Safety and Efficacy of Non-Steroidal Topical Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Agonists for the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials.

Current first-line topical treatments for atopic dermatitis (AD) are often limited by concerns related to age, systemic absorption, especially when applied to large body surface areas or under maximal usage conditions and undesirable adverse events (AEs), highlighting the need for alternative therapies. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of seven randomised controlled trials (RCT) comparingtopical aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists (TAHRA), including tapinarof and benvitimod cream, to vehicle at different concentrations and application frequencies in patients with AD, which evaluated outcomes such as Investigator Global Assessment (IGA) scores/Validated Investigator's Global Assessment (vIGA), the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI-75), change from baseline in body surface area (BSA) and pruritus score (PS) and safety profiles. A total of 1631 patients, 1086 received TAHRA, while 545 received vehicle. Overall, TAHRA led to a significant improvement in the IGA/vIGA scores (RR 2.38; 95% CI 1.68 to 3.37; p < 0.00001), EASI-75 (RR 2.94; 95% CI 2.07 to 4.17; p < 0.00001). Similar findings were observed for mean change from baseline in BSA% (MD -6.08; 95% CI -8.00 to -4.16; p < 0.00001), and PS (Std MD -0.90; 95% CI -1.41 to -0.39; p = 0.0006). The incidence of AEs was significantly higher in the TAHRA group (RR 1.48; 95% CI 1.19 to 1.85; p = 0.0005). We found no significant difference in the incidence of serious adverse events (SAEs) (RR 1.51; 95% CI 0.34 to 6.64; p = 0.59). Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), such as folliculitis, were more frequent in the TAHRA group (RR 8.06; 95% CI 2.75 to 23.60; p = 0.0001). Our findings support the efficacy of TAHRA among different metrics with minimal and tolerable AEsand its use as a valuable new non-steroidal option for the treatment of AD.

Real-world experience with odevixibat in children with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis.

Real-world experience with odevixibat in children with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis.

Costunolide nanosuspension loaded in dissolvable microneedle arrays for atopic dermatitis treatment.

Costunolide nanosuspension loaded in dissolvable microneedle arrays for atopic dermatitis treatment.

Long-term (68 weeks) administration of nemolizumab andtopical corticosteroids for prurigo nodularis inpatients aged ≥ 13 years: efficacy and safety data from a phase II/III study.

The biologic therapy nemolizumab has been shown to improve the signs and symptoms of prurigo nodularis (PN) to a significantly greater extent than placebo over 16 weeks of treatment. We now report efficacy and safety data over 68 weeks. To evaluate the long-term impact of nemolizumab on pruritus, disease severity, quality of life (QoL) and topical corticosteroid (TCS) usage in patients with PN in Japan, and to confirm the safety profile. Asian patients aged ≥ 13 years were randomly assigned (1 : 1 : 1) to receive nemolizumab 30 mg, 60 mg or placebo, with concomitant medium-potency TCS, every 4 weeks for 16 weeks. For the subsequent 52 weeks, nemolizumab treatment was continued, while placebo-treated patients were reallocated to either the 30-mg or 60-mg nemolizumab groups. Efficacy outcome measures included the Peak Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale (PP-NRS), 5-level itch scale, Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA), the number of prurigo nodules, Insomnia Severity Index, Dermatology Life Quality Index and use of TCS. Safety measures included the frequency of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). The trial was registered with the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCT2011200017). In the modified intention-to-treat population (n = 226), nemolizumab provided sustained and continuing improvements in efficacy between weeks 16 and 68. In patients who received nemolizumab 30 mg, PP-NRS had decreased by 60.5% at week 16 and by 78.6% at week 68; respective decreases in the 60-mg group were 55.1% and 76.5%. Across all treatment groups, a large proportion of patients experienced improvements indicating a reduction from moderate-to-severe to mild pruritus, improvements in IGA indicating a reduction in PN severity, a decrease in the number of nodules, and rapid and durable improvements in sleep and daily life activities. Nemolizumab-treated patients were also able to reduce the daily quantity of medium-potency and higher TCS used by at least half. There was no indication of relapse in pruritus, PN severity or QoL scores following treatment cessation. Most TEAEs were mild and similar to those reported in prior studies. Nemolizumab elicited continuous and durable improvements across multiple measures of pruritus, PN severity and QoL over 68 weeks of treatment, with no new safety concerns.