Provisional Changes Research Articles

A ROADMAP TO INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN NEP 2020

Inclusive education is no longer a privilege, it is the need of the hour. For a developing country like India, education is the topmost aspect of growth. We will fail as a country if education is still not being accessible to each and every individual in every corner of the country. Over the years, the Government of India came with various policies on education inclusive education such as the RPwD Act 2016. All the policies emphasized the right of the child from diverse backgrounds and abilities to access formal education but still, the disparities continued. After 34 years, finally we have our long waited National Education Policy. This paper is an attempt to discuss the new provisional changes for Inclusive Education in NEP 2020.

Experiences, Uses, and Significations of the Home as a Birth Territory in a Town in Central Greece

BACKGROUND:The issue of home birth has been examined in the medical and social sciences in relation to its biomedical safety and women’s birthing experiences. However, the role the home landscape itself plays at birth has only marginally been studied.AIM:The objective of this study is to investigate the material and symbolic dimensions of the home environment, as experienced by women who gave birth at home in the Greek town of Volos in the period from 1994 to 2013.METHODS:The biographical approach is adopted to study women’s birth narratives and their descriptions of the new uses of the home; the reflective position was used for the analysis of the findings.FINDINGS:The narratives of the women on their expectations and experiences of birth at home included the issues of safety; privacy and intimacy; freedom, control, and responsibility; presence of the baby and close family members; the “naturalness” of birth; and the joy the new mothers experienced. The home territory was used in new, creative ways to facilitate the birth. The house itself underwent some provisional changes and was loaded with novel meanings.CONCLUSION:Women were found to be empowered in their new role as mothers and as persons in general, and the home was redefined as a more open place that interacted with the public sphere.

The cosmopolis and the migrant domestic worker

The cosmopolitan city has been hailed a necessary response to the empirical reality of globalizing multicultural cities. We follow Shah in arguing that the ‘assumed equivalence between cosmopolitanism and global’ needs more careful attention, and suggest three ways in which the assumption may be unpicked. First, discourses on the cosmopolis tend to focus on a masculinized version of cosmopolitanism, usually equated with creativity and public civility as accompanying conditions for developing productive relations in business and enterprise. More needs to be said about whether cosmopolitan ideals and realities feature in feminized privatized spheres, including those of ‘carework’ and ‘domestic work’. Second, attention needs to be given to understanding how cosmopolitanism at work in the global city shapes political membership. This requires attention to be given not just to settled individuals but also to the mobile-but-not-free populations, such as transnational domestic workers, a category in between Bauman’s ‘tourist’ and ‘vagabond’. Third, the inner workings of cosmopolitanism deserve greater attention, and this requires focusing on the everyday and personal expressions and negotiations of cosmopolitan ideals among different groups of people. These observations prompt us to give attention to identifying provisional changes in the subjectivities of Filipino domestic workers as potential working-class cosmopolitans upon migration to Singapore. By exploring changes in consumption patterns, possibilities for cultural learning, the development of new sensibilities and the negotiation of cultural differences, we argue for the value of including migrant domestic workers in discourses on cosmopolitanism and the emancipatory hope of recovering an openness to, and respect for, humanity despite the retrogressive contours of transnational domestic work.

ChemInform Abstract: Switchable Rotaxane System in Response to External Stimulus

AbstractReview: ca. 80 refs.

外部刺激によるロタキサン類の分子運動制御

Noncovalent interactions sometimes play critical roles in restricting molecular dynamics. Rotaxanes that contain two or more recognition sites in one of their components can exist as two or more different translational isomers. Regulating the motion of these isomers, or the association and dissociation of pseudorotaxanes, in response to external stimuli is an attractive challenge because such switching systems would aid the development of molecular devices, sensors, drug delivery systems, and so on. Many molecular switch systems based on (pseudo) rotaxane respond to external stimuli, including chemical additives, pH, solvent polarity, light, electrochemical reduction and oxidation, and temperature. This review focuses on mechanisms of the translational isomerism and the association and dissociation of pseudorotaxanes: regulation of interactions between two or more components caused by the provisional changes of functional groups and the changes in three-dimensional structures of the molecules.

The Dynamics of Lawmaking in a Bicameral Legislature

This article analyzes legislative performance in a nascent presidential bicameral democracy, taking Brazil as a case. The author argues that the timing and outcomes of legislative production are functions of bicameral incongruence, types of bicameralism, sequence of examination, and legislative bargaining. These hypotheses are tested using a new legislative data set from Brazil that covers over 3,000 bills submitted to the National Congress since 1988. Event history analyses of these bills show that presidential bicameral (coalitional) majorities, presidential elections, initiation by the lower house, and bills proposing provisional changes raise the chances of a bill's approval. The results also indicate that the effects of many of these variables are time dependent. In contrast, bicameral incongruence, symmetric bicameralism, and legislative elections either raise the risks of a bill's rejection or delay the timing of its approval. Economic crises increase legislative activities in general in both approving and rejecting bills.