Pediatric malnutrition, is defined as an imbalance between nutrient intake and requirements leading to cumulative energy, protein, or micronutrient deficits, is highly prevalent among critically ill children and negatively affects growth and recovery. Early enteral nutrition (EEN) is increasingly recognized as a key strategy to prevent or address malnutrition in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs). Although emerging evidence suggests that EEN improves clinical outcomes, uncertainty persists regarding its feasibility and impact in this population. This scoping review aimed to map existing evidence on the use of EEN in critically ill children, evaluate its effects on key clinical outcomes including mechanical ventilation duration, length of stay, and infection risk; and identify barriers and facilitators to its implementation in pediatric intensive care settings. A scoping review was conducted following Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Searches were performed in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library. Studies were eligible if they involved children aged 1month to 18years and initiated enteral nutrition within 48h of PICU admission. Keywords included child, critical illness, enteral nutrition, intensive care units, and pediatrics. Studies in English or Italian were included without date restrictions. Sixteen thousand seven hundred ninety-nine records were identified; 15,556 were screened after duplicates were removed, and 14 studies met inclusion criteria (USA n=6; Asia n=4; Africa n=3; Europe n=1). Most were cohort studies, with one randomized trial. EEN was consistently associated with shorter mechanical ventilation duration (5.86±3.63 vs 11.96±9.17days, p=0.002), reduced PICU and hospital length of stay (4 vs 11.5days, p<0.001), and lower infection rates (16.7% vs 41.1%, p=0.001). Barriers to EEN included hemodynamic instability, gastrointestinal intolerance, and procedural interruptions, while facilitators included multidisciplinary teamwork, nurse-led feeding protocols, and standardized nutritional guidelines. EEN initiated within 24-48h was generally associated with favorable clinical outcomes; however, evidence on feasibility and safety remains limited and heterogeneous. Strengthening nursing autonomy and implementing standardized feeding pathways may enhance timely nutrition delivery and support recovery in pediatric intensive care. Pediatric intensive care nurses play a pivotal role in initiating and monitoring EEN. Empowering nurses through evidence-based feeding protocols and multidisciplinary education can promote timely nutrition delivery and improve recovery in critically ill children.

Intensive Care Unit Acquired Weakness (ICUAW) is a highly prevalent neuromuscular complication affecting around 40% of critically ill patients, rising to over 80% in high-risk cohorts. It is independently associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation, increased intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital length of stay, elevated mortality (in-hospital, 1-year, and 5-year), higher healthcare costs, and long-term functional impairment. ICUAW is clinically defined by symmetric flaccid tetraparesis, frequently involving respiratory muscles, and exhibits significant pathobiological heterogeneity. Further subclassification is based on neurotopographic patterns: Critical Illness Polyneuropathy (CIP), Myopathy (CIM), and Polyneuromyopathy (CIPNM). Diagnosis typically relies on the Medical Research Council (MRC) Sum Score, with a threshold of <48 indicating clinically relevant weakness. While adjunct modalities such as electromyography/nerve conduction studies support assessment, their utility may be limited by patient cooperation and availability. Preventive strategies center on modifiable metabolic factors. Caloric and protein deficits exacerbate catabolism, while overfeeding-linked to anabolic resistance and stress hyperglycemia-also impairs recovery. To date, pharmacologic interventions remain inconclusive. However, early mobilization and neuromuscular electrical stimulation are promising non-pharmacologic strategies. The multifactorial and heterogeneous pathophysiology of ICUAW highlights the need for a biologically refined definition that can guide future targeted therapeutic interventions. Comprehensive multimodal strategies, together with structured long-term follow-up in Post-Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS) clinics, are essential for improving outcomes in this prevalent complication of critical care.

Foliar application of animal based-protein hydrolysates enhances growth performance, yield, and fruit quality of tomato under deficit irrigation in greenhouse

Introduction: Protein-energy wasting affects 31–40% of pediatric CRRT patients, increasing morbidity and mortality. At our institution, only 27% met protein goals (≥2.5 g/kg/day) by CRRT day 5. Prior PDSA cycles (1–3; n=49) incorporating a multidisciplinary team (intensivists, nephrologists, dietitians, pharmacists) improved delivery through EHR templates (PDSA1), education (PDSA2), and thrice-weekly bedside audits (PDSA3). Methods: From 2019–2024, we implemented PDSA4, a sustainability phase involving monthly benchmarking with leadership review (n=296). Outcomes (mean protein delivery, goal attainment, severe deficits) were compared to prior PDSA cycles. Results: Protein delivery improved from 1.79±0.93 g/kg/day (PDSA1) to 2.47±0.94 (PDSA4), a 38% increase. The largest gain occurred in PDSA3 (2.97±0.71), a 66% increase over baseline (p=0.024), with 85.7% achieving protein goals. Although PDSA4’s broader inclusion reduced mean intake (2.47 vs. 2.97, p=0.358), the most recent 100 patients maintained an 83% goal achievement rate, confirming sustainability. Severe protein deficits (< 1.5 g/kg/day) decreased from 36% to 7%. The overall improvement was statistically significant (Kruskal-Wallis χ2=12.29, p=0.006). Conclusions: Real-time audits (PDSA3) closed knowledge-to-practice gaps, while leadership benchmarking (PDSA4) sustained gains through accountability. The non-significant difference between PDSA3 and PDSA4 (p=0.358) suggests a performance plateau, with PDSA4 successfully scaling improvements to a larger cohort. This QI initiative elevated protein goal attainment from 27% to 83%, informing two system-level changes: embedded EHR protein recommendations and a standardized nutrition rounding checklist. Our experience demonstrates that structured, multidisciplinary QI initiatives can overcome barriers to optimal nutrition delivery in pediatric CRRT, offering a replicable, scalable, and sustainable model for other high-risk populations.

Preexisting malnutrition - defined as malnutrition present at the time of ICU admission - represents a critical determinant of outcomes in intensive care. This review summarizes recent evidence regarding its diagnosis, prevalence, clinical significance and nutritional therapy, emphasizing the role of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) framework. Recent studies applying the GLIM criteria within 24-72 h of ICU admission report malnutrition prevalence ranging from 38 to 68%. Distinguishing preexisting malnutrition from "nutritional risk" is essential, as the former denotes an established nutrient and protein deficit prior to the onset of critical illness. Advances in muscle-mass assessment using various methods have refined phenotypic evaluation. Preexisting malnutrition is consistently associated with prolonged ICU stay, higher infection rates and delayed rehabilitation. While preexisting malnutrition may not markedly influence very short-term outcomes such as 7-day mortality, its influence extends beyond the acute phase, impacting medium-term and long-term trajectories through organ dysfunction, infection risk, persistent muscle wasting and impaired rehabilitation potential. Current evidence does not support early full feeding during the acute phase even in the preexisting malnutrition patients, but highlights the need for sustained, individualized nutritional rehabilitation after ICU discharge and beyond. Preexisting malnutrition is common and clinically impactful among critically ill adults. Incorporating standardized GLIM-based diagnosis into ICU practice enables earlier recognition and tailored nutritional strategies across the continuum of critical care and recovery.

Mortality in COVID-19 patients in the ICU is reported to be higher than non-ICU. Early parenteral nutrition is avoided considering the complications, but COVID-19 patients in the ICU require parenteral nutrition because enteral intake is inadequate or contraindicated. This study aims to identify early parenteral nutrition and other risk factors that cause mortality of COVID-19 patients in the ICU of Dr. Kariadi Hospital. Observational analytic study using a retrospective cohort approach using secondary data involving COVID-19 patients treated in the ICU of RSUP dr. Kariadi in March – September 2020. The sampling technique used total sampling with the following criteria: inclusion: confirmed COVID-19, age &gt;18 years and given PN and EN therapy or a combination thereof. Statistical analysis using Chi Square test and Logistic Regression. Total of 188 subjects met the inclusion criteria. There was no difference in the mortality of patients who were given early or late PN p:0.92 RR 0.90 (95% CI 0.43-1.84). The risk factors for mortality were the presence of comorbidities p=0.023 RR 2.13 (95% CI 1.15-3.95), use of VM p=&lt;0.0001 RR 43.68 (95% CI 18.52 – 102.99) , energy deficit p=0.002 RR 3.09 (95% CI 1.52-5.99) and protein deficit p=0.039 RR 1.93 (95% CI 1.07-3.49). In the multivariate analysis of controlled VM usage with ARDS status p=0.022 RR 6.20 (95% CI 1.29 – 29.72) and energy deficit p=0.045 RR 2.15 (1.01 – 4.57) together -the same as a risk factor for mortality in COVID-19 patients in the ICU of Dr. Kariadi Hospital. Early PN is not a risk factor for mortality in COVID-19 patients while the use of VM is controlled by ARDS status and energy deficit together are risk factors for mortality in COVID-19 patients in the ICU of RSUP dr. Kariadi.

Background. Intensive development of livestock requires sufficient quantities of efficient, balanced feed. The ideal protein component of fodder is fish meal, but the cost of quality fish meal and its production volumes are insufficient. Mass production of insectoprotein based on Hermetia illucens larvae is the most promising for covering the protein deficit and creating sustainability of the feed supply system. Purpose. The aim of the study was to investigate the indices of apparent and true ileal digestibility and digestibility of the black lion grub (lat. Hermetia illucens) in comparative aspect with fish meal on piglets during the period of growing up. Materials and methods. From an array of crossbred hogs (♂ Duroc x ♀ Landrace) 10 live weight 27-35 kg at the age of 97-105 days were selected during the growing-up period. For the physiological experiment three groups of piglets were formed with three heads in each group, according to the principle of pair-analogs. The animals of the control group were fed with low protein feed, the 1st experimental group was fed with similar feed with addition of 3% meal from black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens), in the 2nd experimental group piglets received standard low protein feed with addition of 3% fish meal. As part of the physiological experiment, the digestibility and digestibility of experimental diets were evaluated on operated piglets (implantation of a T-shaped cannula into the ileum). Results. In establishing the parameters of apparent ileal digestibility (AID), data were obtained that the digestibility of crude protein in the control group was within 74.8% and of essential amino acids from 71.6 to 89.3%, respectively. When meal from black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) was introduced, the digestibility of crude protein increased to 78.1%, which is 4.7% higher than in the standard diet, and there was also an increase in the digestibility of most amino acids: aspartate - 93.3%; glutamine - 87.8; histidine - 92.1; serine - 87.4; arginine - 93.4; glycine - 90.5; threonine - 89.1; alanine - 92.6; proline - 90.1; leucine + isoleucine - 92.4; phenylalanine - 88.5; lysine - 93.4; tryptophan - 90.2. These values are higher than similar digestibility values in the control group and when fish meal was used. True ileal digestibility of crude protein in fish meal was 89.0%, and amino acids - lysine, threonine, leucine, histidine and other essential amino acids were at a high level for high-protein supplements and ranged from 81.6 to 90.7%. Conclusion. Thus, studies on the main indices of digestibility of a new alimentary factor as flour from meal from black soldier fly showed high protein content and availability of amino acids. The structure of protein corresponds to animal protein, which allows us to consider Hermetia illucens as a potential source of a complete nutritional factor for pigs.

Introduction : Study in a Semarang factory showed 91% workers experience work fatigue and stress, which then increase the probability of work accidents. Work stress created by various factors and influence physical and psychological imbalances, which affect the emotions, thought processes, and conditions of a person being abused. Aims : This study aimed to examine the relationship between work stress and mental workload, work fatigue, and nutrient adequacy levels. Method : We used cross-sectional data of 120 female workers at “X” wood factory located in Lumajang, East Java, Indonesia. Assessment of mental workload, work fatigue, nutrient adequacy levels (energy, protein, and vitamin C), and work stress sequentially using NASA TLX (National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index) questionnaire, Questionnaire from the Industrial Fatigue Research Committee (IFRC), SQFFQ (Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire), and a modified Questionnaire of the Management Standards and HSE Indicator Tool (HSE-MS IT). Results : The work stress of study participants 58.3% included in medium category, the nutritional adequacy was 50% normal category for energy, protein deficit 88.4%, and vitamin C deficit 80.0%. The level of work fatigue of respondents is moderate (48.3%) and high (1.7%). The percentage of respondent’s mental work is mostly included in high mental workload (63.3%). Workload (p=0.018) and protein adequacy (p=0.037) have correlation with work stress, while work fatigue (p=0.099), energy adequacy (p=0.117), and vitamin C adequacy (p=0.087) have no relationship. Conclusion : Work stress is related to mental workload, while work fatigue and levels of nutritional adequacy are not related.

Dual enhancement of mycoprotein nutrition and sustainability via CRISPR-mediated metabolic engineering of Fusarium venenatum.

Objectives: Albumin levels (ALBs) influence clinical outcomes in severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study investigates the relationship between ALBs and clinical outcomes to improve prognosis and guide management. Method: This is a single-center, retrospective study of patients with severe TBI from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2023. ALBs were measured at the following times: Hospital admission (TA), ICU admission (RL1), ICU discharge (RL2), hospital discharge (HD), and patient death (PD) if applicable. Patient descriptors and clinical outcomes such as gender, age, race, hospital length of stay (HLOS), ICU length of stay (ICU LOS), ventilation days (VD), the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), the Injury Severity Score (ISS), and mortality were assessed. Results: ALBs were grouped into the following categories: extreme hyperalbuminemia (≥5.5 g/dL), hyperalbuminemia (4.7–5.4 g/dL), normal albuminemia (3.5–4.7 g/dL), hypoalbuminemia (2.5–3.5 g/dL), and extreme hypoalbuminemia (<2.5 g/dL). Among 925 severe-TBI patients (76% male; mean age = 53 y), admission albumin was normal (3.5–4.7 g dL−1) in 65.0%, hypoalbuminemic (<3.5 g dL−1) in 25.2%, and hyperalbuminemic (>4.7 g dL−1) in 9.4%. By ICU discharge, albumin shifted upward: extreme hyperalbuminemia (≥5.5 g dL−1) 62.6%, hyperalbuminemia 15.8%, normoalbuminemia 20.4%, and hypoalbuminemia ≤ 1.3%. In-hospital mortality was 12.7% (117/925) and did not vary by either the admission or discharge albumin category (χ2 = 3.47, p = 0.32). The median hospital length of stay was 5 d (IQR ≈ 11 d). ICU stay was 1.3 d, and ventilator use was 0 d; none differed significantly across albumin strata (all Kruskal–Wallis p > 0.10). Conclusions: Although serum ALBs changed substantially during acute care with shifting from frequent hypoalbuminemia on admission to predominant hyperalbuminemia at ICU discharge, albumin concentration was not independently associated with mortality or resource utilization. In modern neuro-critical practice, where protein deficits are rapidly corrected, albumin serves mainly as a therapeutic target rather than a stand-alone prognostic marker in severe TBI.

Optimal energy and protein delivery during the early phase of severe trauma remains unclear. Observational studies frequently contradict the findings of randomized controlled trials, raising concerns about confounding factors. The aim of this study is to assess nutritional adequacy and daily variability in the energy gaps and its impact on outcomes using innovative statistical methods. Prospective observational study enrolled severely injured patients in the ICU at the Level 1 trauma center between October 2023 to April 2025. To describe the evolution of calorie and protein deficits during the first 10-day ICU stay, we utilized a linear mixed-effects model to estimate each patient's individual energy gap trajectory. 286 patients were analyzed. Median APACHE II and ISS score was 16.0 (12.0-20.0) and 22.0 (18.0-27.0), respectively. Mortality rate was 35.3%. Patients received 68.3% of prescribed calories and 76.8% of proteins. Admission energy deficit, rate of caloric intake, and their interaction are associated with ICU mortality. Increased day-to-day energy variability was associated with longer duration of mechanical ventilation (HR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.31-0.99; p = 0.047). Patients who achieved better caloric (HR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.48-0.98, p = 0.036) and protein (HR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.09-0.96, p = 0.043) nutrition had a lower hazard of developing nosocomial infection. This study supports the 2023 ESPEN guidelines, showing that achieving the recommended energy and protein intake during the early phase of severe trauma is linked to lower mortality rates, shorter mechanical ventilation time, and reduced risk of nosocomial infections.

This study identified biomarkers that could be leveraged to classify the state of healing in diabetic wounds. Firstly, by collecting wound samples from diabetic mice at different time points and generating their protein profiles using standard techniques, we set to interrogate whether a small number of biomarkers could serve as sensors to monitor the healing stage. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was applied. Large-scale analysis of wound tissue proteins integrated with the respective wound sizes allowed to establish a correlation between the observed protein profile and wound closure. We further evaluated human subjects’ systemic serum proteomics for biomarkers. An additional wound healing model in diabetic mice was employed for microRNA quantitation at the same time points and similarly analyzed. Our analysis highlighted markers MMP-2, HGF, miR-1b and miR-107-3p in mice and Fractalkine and FGF-2 in humans that could correctly identify the extent of healing. By using proteomics from mice and human patients and complementary microRNA mouse data with computer regression models we can better predict molecular and protein deficits associated with impaired diabetic wound repair.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1038/s41598-025-16914-5.

Objectives: Malnutrition can have significant effects on neurobehavioural development. Childhood malnutrition has been linked to impaired cognitive development and neurodevelopmental effects. Hence, there is a need to prevent malnutrition to prevent impairment in neurobehavioural and cognitive development. Therefore, in the present study, the impact of a maternal folate-rich nutritional supplement on the neurobehavioural and cognitive development of F1 progeny born to protein-deficient female rats was investigated. Materials and Methods: Animals were divided into four groups, the control group received a standard pellet diet with 20% protein; the disease control group, fed with a protein-deficient diet with 2% protein throughout the study period; the treatment group 1 and 2 receives 2% protein-deficient diet for initial 10 weeks, followed by non-fermented nutritional diet and fermented nutritional diet for next 10 weeks, respectively. At the end of the 20th week of study, all the animals were kept for breeding, and the diet was continued to the mother till 21 days after delivery (F1 progeny). These F1 offspring were subjected to various neurobehavioural assessments. These assessments included evaluating social interaction, anxiety levels, learning and memory abilities and repetitive behaviour tendencies in the F1 progeny. Results: The F1 offspring born to protein-deficient mothers who received either fermented or non-fermented nutritional diets exhibited a reversal in anxious behaviour, characterised by an increase in the number of entries and time spent in open arms in the elevated plus maze apparatus and decreased locomotor activity. Furthermore, these offspring displayed enhanced learning and memory capabilities and also improved social interaction. Conclusion: These findings reveal that a diet primarily comprising millets, combined with bovine colostrum, whether fermented or not, can provide protection against neurological issues resulting from protein deficiency. Notably, the fermented version of this dietary composition exhibited a significant neuroprotective effect when compared to the non-fermented version. These results are supported by the observed elevated folate levels in the fermented composition throughout the study.

Cardiovascular disease is an escalating global health concern, leading to an increasing demand for cardiac surgeries. Nutrition plays a critical role during the perioperative period. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols emphasize the importance of early gastrointestinal function restoration. Among nutritional metrics, protein intake is more closely associated with improved outcomes than total energy intake. This study aims to assess perioperative protein intake in cardiac surgery patients and identify factors associated with malnutrition. In this prospective observational study, 197 patients undergoing elective cardiac surgeries at two hospitals in Shanghai were enrolled. Protein intake during the first 7 postoperative days was measured using 24-h dietary recall. Nutritional status was evaluated using the NRS-2002 score and serum albumin levels on admission, as well as on postoperative day 3 and 7. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to identify predictors of malnutrition. The average protein intake was 0.58 ± 0.24g/kg/day, which was below the recommended 1.5g/kg/day, with only 4.1% of patients meeting this target. Advanced age (OR = 1.045, 95% CI: 1.026-1.065, p < 0.05) and elevated white blood cell count (OR = 1.195, 95% CI: 1.127-1.266, p < 0.05) were identified as independent risk factors for malnutrition. The use of oral nutritional supplements (ONS) was protective (OR = 0.628, 95% CI: 0.4-0.988, p < 0.05). Patients with malnutrition on postoperative day 7 had significantly longer hospital stays (p < 0.05). Patients undergoing cardiac surgery frequently experience significant perioperative protein deficits. Early nutritional intervention, particularly for elderly patients or those with elevated inflammatory markers, may help reduce malnutrition and enhance recovery.

Objective: to analyze the effect of an educational intervention for nursing staff on enteral nutritional therapy. Methods: an interventional study was conducted using a pre-post, non-randomized design with no control group. The intervention targeted 260 nursing staff members (nurses and nursing technicians) at a public hospital. Over a 57-week period, three training cycles were delivered, featuring round table discussions on standardized subjects related to enteral nutrition. The effectiveness of the training was assessed using mixed linear regression models. Results: following the first and second training cycles, deficits in volume, calories, and protein were significantly reduced (p&lt;0.05) in the hospital wards, starting from the fifth day of enteral nutritional therapy. While the percentages of nutritional adequacy increased in both the intensive care unit and the general wards, this trend did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: implementing an educational intervention contributes to a measurable improvement in the quality of enteral nutritional therapy provided to patients. This constitutes a viable strategy for enhancing the overall efficiency and clinical effectiveness of this therapy. Contributions to practice: this study provides pioneering evidence on the implementation and impact of nursing-focused training on the mitigation of caloric and protein deficits associated with enteral nutritional therapy.

Background/Objectives: Obesity pharmacotherapy vastly improved the treatment of the disease of obesity. However, GLP-1 receptor agonists and GIP/GLP-1 dual agonists may lead to nutritional complications, including severe caloric restriction, micronutrient deficiencies, lean body mass loss, dehydration, and ketosis. We examine these risks and outlines dietitian-led strategies to support improved safety and effectiveness. Methods: This narrative review was conducted in three stages: literature search, screening of abstracts and full texts, and synthesis of findings. Searches were carried out in April and May 2025 across PubMed, Embase, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using keywords related to obesity pharmacotherapy and nutrition. Results: Clinical observations and trial data suggest that some individuals may consume fewer than 800 kcal/day during the initial stages of treatment. Prolonged energy and protein deficits can increase the risk of sarcopenia, metabolic dysfunction, and reduce treatment adherence. Additional risks include inadequate micronutrient intake due to reduced dietary variety, dehydration linked to gastrointestinal symptoms and hypodipsia, and rare but serious cases of ketoacidosis. Patients at heightened risk include older adults, those with low baseline muscle mass, and individuals with restrictive eating patterns. Conclusions: Obesity medications introduce unique nutritional risks that are not yet addressed by standardised clinical protocols. Registered dietitians play a critical role in assessing intake patterns, monitoring for red flags, and delivering targeted nutritional support. Integrating structured dietary assessment tools, checklists, and risk-specific guidance into pharmacotherapy pathways can enhance safety, promote adherence, and improve long-term outcomes.

The physicochemical and functional attributes of edible dock proteins concentrates.

Loss-of-function mutations in the human KCND3 gene encoding KV4.3 K+ channels are linked to the autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease spinocerebellar ataxia type 19/22 (SCA19/22). Previous biophysical and biochemical analyses in vitro support the notion that the autosomal dominant inheritance pattern of SCA19/22 is associated with the dominant-negative effects of disease-causing KV4.3 mutants on proteostasis of their wild-type (WT) counterpart. Herein we aimed to explore whether the disease-causing mutants might perturb protein expression of endogenous KV4.3 channel in human cells, as well as contributing to in vivo pathomechanisms underlying motor impairments and neurodegeneration in an animal model of SCA19/22. Substantial reduction in human KV4.3 protein level was validated in skin fibroblasts derived from heterozygous SCA19/22 patients. Genetic knockdown of endogenous Shal, the fly ortholog of human KV4.3, in Drosophila led to locomotor impairment, ommatidia degeneration, and reduced brain cortex thickness, all of which was effectively ameliorated by transgenic expression of human KV4.3, but not KV1.1 K+ channel. Transgenic expression of SCA19/22-causing human KV4.3 mutants resulted in notable disruption of endogenous Shal proteostasis, locomotor function, and ommatidia morphology in Drosophila. Enhanced expression of the Drosophila molecular chaperones HSC70 and HSP83 in our fly model of SCA19/22 corrected Shal protein deficit, locomotor dysfunction, and neurodegeneration. Overexpression of Hsp90β also upregulated endogenous human KV4.3 protein level in patient-derived skin fibroblasts. Our findings highlight Drosophila as a suitable animal model for studying KV4.3 channelopathy in vivo, and accentuate a critical role of defective KV4.3 proteostasis in the pathogenesis of motor dysfunction and neurodegeneration in SCA19/22.

Associations between Intensive care unit acquired weakness with post-extubation dysphagia and other clinical outcomes-a cohort study in critically ill respiratory patients.

Children who are critically ill frequently experience inadequate nutrition, resulting in changes in body composition. We investigated the nutrition status and body composition changes among children with prolonged stays in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), utilizing midupper arm circumference (MUAC), and triceps skinfold thickness (TSF) measurements. A single-center prospective cohort study monitored nutrition support for children admitted to the PICU for over 6 days. MUAC and TSF were measured at admission and every other day through the 15th day of the PICU stay. Target energy was caculated using the Schofield formula without stress correction, and recommended protein intake was set at 1.5 g/(kg/d). Factors influencing changes in anthropometry were analyzed through pairwise correlation and regression analysis. Sixty children with a median PICU stay of 9 days were included. MUAC decreased by 2.53% in the first week and by 7.42% over 2 weeks. During the first week, average energy and protein intakes were only 53.0% and 41.3% of recommended levels, respectively. Decreases in MUAC correlated with mean cumulative energy deficits (1 week: r = 0.310 [P = 0.016]; 2 weeks: r = 0.504 [P = 0.023]) and mean cumulative protein deficits (1 week: r = 0.304 [P = 0.018]). Many children with longer PICU stays did not met energy and protein recommendations. Decreases in MUAC were associated with deficits in energy and protein intake. Monitoring MUAC is a valuable tool for assessing nutrition support adequacy in children with longer PICU stays.