• Examines how future human-water relationships are envisioned in Europe’s largest lignite mining area during its transformation into a post-fossil tourist recreation zone. • Reveals that a dominant “hydrosocial imaginary” is constructed through planning visualizations depicting a controlled “ecology of repair” and an “ecotourism-extraction nexus.” • Shows how existing landscape installations prefigure emerging lakes as “spectacles of extractive attraction”, valorizing industrial ruins and imagining water as an economic and imaginative resource for regional prosperity. • Demonstrates that this powerful imaginary is contested by civil society actors who question the inevitability and timeline of lake conversions and challenge the underlying economic growth paradigm. This article explores how future human-water relationships are envisioned during the transformation of Europe’s largest lignite mining area, the Rhenish mining area, into a post-fossil tourist recreation zone. We examine how institutional, political, and economic actors construct a hydrosocial imaginary of this future in order to organize consensus around a growth-oriented transformation pathway, and how civil society actors adapt or challenge it. We argue that institutional actors create and disseminate the imaginary to gain cultural hegemony in terms of interpretive power regarding the region’s post-fossil transformation. Our initial findings show that this dominant imaginary is made conceivable and tangible through two primary means. First, planning visualizations present a controlled “ecology of repair”, depicting a positive transition to a tourism-oriented future. Second, existing landscape-architectural installations at the mine prefigure the emerging lakes and make them sensorially experienceable, translating the planned future into the present as “spectacles of extractive attraction” and thereby extending this depiction of a seamless and tourism-oriented renewal into lived experience. Together, these practices frame water primarily as an economic and imaginative resource for regional prosperity within an ecologically modernized, growth-oriented paradigm. Yet this hydrosocial imaginary is not uncontested. Civil society actors question projected timelines and challenge the underlying logic of economic growth. The negotiations reveal that while dominant actors strategically deploy the imaginary as a hegemonic instrument to organize and foster consensus, stabilize expectations and manage uncertainties, alternative futures of regional development remain at stake.

Background and Objectives: Place names might be considered as linguistic evidence that contains the area’s historical origin. An analysis of place names, hence, may result in further understanding local history. When combining such analysis with local interpretations of place names through their storytelling, this ethnosemantic study might reveal the historical depth and richness of the area that may be otherwise hidden in the explicit meaning of the place names. Methods: This study is qualitative research that aims to explore and study the place names of the villages along the Songkhla Lake Basin, Songkhla province, across 4 districts, 56 communities, and 150 villages with the linguistic concept of ethnosemantics. The study was carried out through interviews with local community leaders. Results: The research findings revealed the structures of village names in both single and compound structures. The most prevalent was a two-semantic composition, which included both the head words and the modifiers, particularly the key word in words such as Bo, Phang, and Tha. The most prevalent way of naming was to refer to natural phenomena, places, or important people. Finally, the reflection obtained from the naming indicated that the majority of people practice Buddhism and other religions that coexisted in the area, specifically Islam. In addition, the Chinese population emerged as the most prominent in the area. Furthermore, ways of life and occupations can be discerned from naming, which illustrates the diversity of people’s lives, including rice farming, orchard keeping, fishing, and so forth. This reflects the demographical richness in the area and may be linked to the prosperity of the Suvarnabhumi region as inferred from an analysis of place names. Applications of this Study: The research findings could be synthesized into knowledge for the local people, enabling them to appreciate the significance of their regional resources and to eventually foster the conservation of these resources in the future. Conclusion: The research on village names in the coastal districts of Songkhla province (Mueang Songkhla, Ranot, Sathing Phra, and Singhanakorn) reveals that naming practices reflect the region’s geography, history, culture, and natural environment. Most villages are named after natural features, such as water-related terms like Bo, Phang, and Tha, indicating the area’s strong connection to water. Naming after natural phenomena is the most common strategy, followed by names rooted in historical events, important individuals, or nearby landmarks like temples. The influence of Buddhism is particularly notable as many village names reflect Buddhist stories and practices, even in religiously diverse areas. Ethnic diversity, especially the presence of Chinese communities, also plays a role in naming traditions, reflecting Songkhla’s historical origins. Additionally, village names often reflect the agricultural lifestyle of locals, referencing occupations like farming and fishing, as well as local flora. Thus, these naming patterns can indicate the cultural and environmental identity of the population in the Songkhla Lake Basin.

The China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), as a flagship component of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), has emerged as a transformative framework for infrastructure development, regional connectivity, and economic cooperation in Pakistan. Beyond its traditional focus on trade and transportation, CPEC has created new opportunities for tourism development by facilitating the establishment of integrated tourism corridors across strategically important regions of Pakistan. This study examines the role of CPEC-driven tourism corridors in promoting cross-border tourism development and fostering regional economic integration. The paper explores how enhanced road networks, upgraded transport infrastructure, and improved accessibility to remote tourist destinations such as Gilgit-Baltistan, Hunza, Skardu, Gwadar, and Khunjerab have increased tourism mobility and strengthened Pakistan’s position as a regional tourism hub. By linking Pakistan with China, Central Asia, and South Asia, these corridors enable greater cultural exchange, tourism diversification, and transnational visitor flows. The study adopts a qualitative analytical approach based on secondary data, policy reports, government publications, and existing scholarly literature to evaluate the economic and strategic significance of tourism corridors under CPEC. Findings indicate that CPEC-driven tourism infrastructure contributes significantly to local employment generation, hospitality sector expansion, small business development, and regional income growth. Furthermore, tourism corridors enhance cross-border cooperation by integrating tourism markets and encouraging joint investment opportunities between participating countries. However, several challenges remain, including security concerns, environmental sustainability issues, inadequate tourism services, and regulatory barriers affecting international tourist movement. The paper argues that with effective policy planning, sustainable tourism strategies, and stronger bilateral cooperation, CPEC can redefine Pakistan’s tourism landscape and establish a new paradigm for regional tourism integration. The study concludes that tourism corridors under CPEC represent not only a mechanism for destination development but also a strategic instrument for long-term economic connectivity and regional prosperity in South and Central Asia.

This paper will look at the dynamics of the foreign policy of Pakistan and its modern relationship with its neighbors including India, Afghanistan, China and Iran. The foreign policy of Pakistan is characterized by the sophisticated relations between securities, diplomatic, and economic, in which the control of conflicts, overcoming cross-border security issues, maintaining strategic alliances, and the development of effective cooperation are the main priorities. In the last ten years, the city of Islamabad has been trying to seek multilateral involvement, economic integration, and trust-building processes to promote long-run stability and regional prosperity. The study demonstrates the influence of geopolitical and domestic security concerns on the Pakistan external activities and the necessity of striking a balance between the security issues and economic diplomacy. This is a critical analysis of the foreign policy of Pakistan in the changing position of South and Central Asia, its strategic priorities, and policy changes.

The study of the mental health of residents in the prosperous southern regions of China, which have experienced long-term rapid growth, is a very meaningful topic. Studies that approach the issue from the perspective of the relationship between environmental governance efficiency and residents' consumption level are quite rare. This study explores the nexus of environmental governance efficiency and residents' life satisfaction in Guangdong Province, China, through a psychological and public administration lens, using panel data from 21 cities (2001-2023). Life satisfaction, a critical indicator of mental health, is proxied by the ratio of consumption expenditure to disposable income, reflecting residents' economic behavior and wellbeing. Environmental governance efficiency, measured via the super-efficiency SBM model of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), captures the psychological benefits of effective public administration by improving living conditions through sustainable environmental policies. Two-way fixed effects models, validated by the Hausman test were employed. We find a significant positive relationship between governance efficiency and life satisfaction (FE1, FE2, and FE4, p < 0.001; FE3, p < 0.01), underscoring the role of high-quality governance in fostering mental wellbeing. Environmental governance efficiency, health insurance coverage, per capita GDP, fiscal self-sufficiency, and economic openness significantly enhance residents' life satisfaction in Guangdong by increasing consumption expenditure, though industrial production and government scale show negative effects, and regional disparities persist. The fixed-effect model, validated by the Hausman test, confirms these findings, highlighting the importance of high-quality governance and social services in supporting mental wellbeing. In Guangdong, a region marked by rapid urbanization and economic dynamism, efficient environmental governance mitigates pollution and enhances urban livability, positively impacting residents' mental health. This study demonstrates that efficient environmental governance in Guangdong Province significantly enhances residents' life satisfaction by improving living conditions and supporting mental wellbeing, offering a replicable model for sustainable development in rapidly growing economies.

The Ming Dynasty (1368–1644) was a transformative era for Baojuan (寶卷, “precious scrolls”), a traditional genre of Chinese folk religious literature, which evolved from its Yuan origins to achieve widespread prominence. Luo Qing’s Wubu liuce (五部六冊, “Five Books in Six Volumes”) during the Zhengde reign (1506–1521) marked a pivotal moment, enabling the systematic dissemination of his teachings among diverse social strata and profoundly shaping popular religious beliefs. The Ming Baojuan texts, bridging the developments between the Yuan and Qing periods, offer rich and dispersed data suitable for digital visualization. Employing digital humanities tools such as 3D radar charts and GIS visualization, this study maps the spatial distribution and influence of Baojuan in Ming China. The findings reveal that transportation networks and regional economic prosperity played a crucial role in driving its dissemination, with southern regions–particularly the Wu-Yue region (referring to the historical cultural area encompassing southern Jiangsu and northern Zhejiang, core parts of Ming Jiangnan)–showing high density, reflecting the economic and cultural vitality of Ming Jiangnan. The research further demonstrates that the flourishing of Baojuan publication and dissemination during the Ming period was sustained not only by economic and cultural forces but also by the ruling elite’s patronage, a form of discursive strategies that functioned as a mechanism of sectarian legitimation, thereby underscoring the interdependence of regional prosperity, elite patronage, and religious transmission.

ABSTRACT This paper offers a critical review and synthesis of the literature on the relationship between urban agglomeration, density and regional prosperity. Agglomeration and density have long been portrayed as the core drivers of urban and regional success. Yet the evidence remains stubbornly inconclusive: some large cities flourish while others stagnate, and many smaller cities quietly outperform their sprawling counterparts. If density were destiny, the world’s largest cities would consistently lead in wealth and opportunity. However, they frequently do not. The paper argues that genuine sources of growth lie instead in institutional quality, the resilience of local ecosystems and the strength of inter-territorial linkages. Conventional models have mostly dwelt on a narrow set of negative externalities – congestion, high rents, pollution – while overlooking deeper structural costs: territorial inequalities that erode trust, trigger discontent and consign whole cities and regions to prolonged decline. As political and social fractures within countries widen, it is increasingly evident that prosperity hinges not on agglomeration itself but on the conditions of cities and their relationships with their hinterlands. The way forward requires a shift in policy and analysis towards place-sensitive strategies and robust institutions capable of promoting inclusive prosperity across all cities and regions, rather than privileging a select few.

Recently, the Republic of Tatarstan has consistently ranked among the most prosperous regions of the Russian Federation based on economic indicators. Stimulating entrepreneurship growth is a key focus for the republic's authorities. In his address to the State Council, the head of the republic, R.N. Minnikhanov, emphasized the need to develop a favorable environment for entrepreneurship, emphasizing the importance of supporting small and medium-sized businesses. It is crucial to focus on reducing bureaucratic barriers for entrepreneurs and improving the skills of civil servants to quickly support businesses. To achieve these goals, the Republic of Tatarstan is implementing a number of successful initiatives, such as the "Entrepreneurial Workshop," "Business School," and "Small and Medium Entrepreneurship Platform." The focus of this study is the commercial activity of small and medium-sized entrepreneurs in procurement and trade, examined using the specific case of the Tatarstan region. The research objective is to analyze the role of local businesses as a key driver of economic growth in the Republic of Tatarstan. The study utilizes approaches such as modeling, theoretical experiments, data comparison, information decomposition, merging elements, identifying commonalities, and clarifying details. This paper proposes a unique approach: focusing on enhancing the export activities of small and medium-sized enterprises in Russia through increasing their turnover. When providing support, it is important to focus on the specific needs of businesses in the business environment, taking into account regional and national interests.

Editorial: A Decade of APASTI – Advancing Regional Prosperity Through Science, Technology and Innovation

Business education confronts a pedagogical paradox: widespread endorsement of stakeholder capitalism rhetoric alongside curricula that rarely provide authentic stakeholder integration experience. This article examines how reciprocal university-community partnerships can serve as pedagogy for stakeholder management—teaching students to navigate complex stakeholder environments by operating within them rather than analyzing them abstractly. Drawing on stakeholder theory, organizational partnership scholarship, and social value creation frameworks, the analysis develops a business school-specific model distinguishing reciprocal engagement from the extractive consulting paradigm that shapes student expectations. The framework synthesizes evidence on partnership approaches across business disciplines (accounting, finance, marketing, operations, entrepreneurship), revealing how each creates distinctive value propositions for community organizations while developing domain-specific competencies. Organizational implementation strategies address tensions unique to business schools: managing corporate and community partnerships simultaneously, navigating capitalism critiques, leveraging alumni networks and executive education as partnership infrastructure, and measuring multidimensional value in analytically rigorous ways. The article positions business schools as civic economic development actors whose community partnerships can demonstrate stakeholder capitalism in practice while building regional prosperity, challenging the assumption that business education must choose between academic rigor and public purpose.

Abstract With East Asia becoming highly digitalized, the security of submarine cables is increasingly essential to the stability of regional prosperity as well as national security. While East Asia is highly vulnerable to natural disasters such as earthquakes and volcanic activity, submarine cable security is also threatened by the region’s unique geopolitical situation, including the Taiwan Strait crisis, maritime disputes, and the intense U.S.–China rivalry in the region. Securing submarine cables against intentional damage or interference in the region is becoming more of a concern. In order to ensure the security of submarine cables, regional countries need to approach this issue in the spirit of protecting a commonly held good.

This article deals with the phenomenon of the Soviet-Polish border in Belarus in 1921–1939 as a factor that influenced the regional identity construction and development of mutual stereotypes among the Belarusians who found themselves within the Polish state and within the Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR). Particular attention is paid to the analysis of oral history materials recorded in 2000–2010 in the area of the former Soviet-Polish borderland. The geopolitical rift of the ethnic territory and the low level of Belarusians’ national identity became the basis for new forms of identity of the population of Western and Eastern Belarus (“Westerners” and “Easterners”). During the functioning of the Soviet-Polish border, the mutual representations of “Westerners” and “Easterners” are vague and are shaped mainly by state ideology and propaganda, where the image of an external “enemy” prevails. A detailed filling of the images of “Westerners” and “Easterners” with social, economic, and ethnocultural characteristics occurs after the physical (1939) and actual (1944) elimination of the Soviet-Polish border. During the Nazi occupation (1941–1944), and especially in the post-war years, communication between the population of Western and Eastern Belarus became intense. The massive labour migration, as well as the flows of beggars from the devastated areas to the relatively prosperous Western region of the country in the early postwar years, also signified the formation of informational flows in both directions. According to the author, mutual stereotypical ideas of “Westerners” and “Easterners” were finally formed after the end of the Second World War. The core of these ideas is the antinomy of “prosperity–poverty”, as well as a set of related connotations: “individual farmer–collective farmer”, “hardworking–idler”, “believer–atheist”, “policeman–partisan", “individualist–collectivist” and “secretive–communicative”.

The primary purpose of this study is to forecast how the Trump administration’s second term Indo-Pacific (hereinafter referred to as the Indo-Pacific) strategy will unfold, analyze the challenges it poses to South Korea’s security, and propose a response strategy. As analyzed in this paper, based on the ‘America First’ principle, the Trump administration’s second term Indo-Pacific strategy is expected to continue the principles of the first administration while further strengthening containment of China and a US-centric order. Specifically, the Trump administration is expected to further strengthen networks centered on multilateral cooperation, such as the ‘Quad’ and ‘AUKUS,’ while deterring military activity against China, expanding information warfare, and expanding ‘Freedom of Navigation Operations (FONOPs)’. Furthermore, it is expected to increase defense cost-sharing and expand responsibilities for allies, and, if necessary, utilize the card of reducing US forces. Consequently, South Korea faces the ‘economic security’ dilemma of participating in US efforts to contain China while maintaining economic cooperation with China. Furthermore, the expanded and realigned role of the South Korea-US alliance could increase the burden. If the Trump administration deprioritizes the North Korean nuclear issue, it is expected to pose a major challenge to South Korea’s security. Therefore, this paper presents South Korea’s response to the US’s plan to expand the role of USFK to contain China, ensuring the security and prosperity of the Indo-Pacific region. At the same time, South Korea emphasized the importance of institutionalizing trilateral security cooperation among South Korea, the US, and Japan, and multilateral cooperation with partner nations such as Australia, India, and NATO. Accordingly, it proposed expanding the security platform by strengthening relations with UNC member states. Consequently, to prepare for the potential intensification of US-China conflict and competition under the Trump administration’s second-term Indo-Pacific strategy, South Korea will need to pursue flexible policies that prioritize national interests and mitigate the asymmetry of the South Korea-US alliance.

The primary purpose of this study is to forecast how the Trump administration’s second term Indo-Pacific (hereinafter referred to as the Indo-Pacific) strategy will unfold, analyze the challenges it poses to South Korea’s security, and propose a response strategy. As analyzed in this paper, based on the ‘America First’ principle, the Trump administration’s second term Indo-Pacific strategy is expected to continue the principles of the first administration while further strengthening containment of China and a US-centric order. Specifically, the Trump administration is expected to further strengthen networks centered on multilateral cooperation, such as the ‘Quad’ and ‘AUKUS,’ while deterring military activity against China, expanding information warfare, and expanding ‘Freedom of Navigation Operations (FONOPs)’. Furthermore, it is expected to increase defense cost-sharing and expand responsibilities for allies, and, if necessary, utilize the card of reducing US forces. Consequently, South Korea faces the ‘economic security’ dilemma of participating in US efforts to contain China while maintaining economic cooperation with China. Furthermore, the expanded and realigned role of the South Korea-US alliance could increase the burden. If the Trump administration deprioritizes the North Korean nuclear issue, it is expected to pose a major challenge to South Korea’s security. Therefore, this paper presents South Korea’s response to the US’s plan to expand the role of USFK to contain China, ensuring the security and prosperity of the Indo-Pacific region. At the same time, South Korea emphasized the importance of institutionalizing trilateral security cooperation among South Korea, the US, and Japan, and multilateral cooperation with partner nations such as Australia, India, and NATO. Accordingly, it proposed expanding the security platform by strengthening relations with UNC member states. Consequently, to prepare for the potential intensification of US-China conflict and competition under the Trump administration’s second-term Indo-Pacific strategy, South Korea will need to pursue flexible policies that prioritize national interests and mitigate the asymmetry of the South Korea-US alliance.

Food security has become a global issue, and represents the first of the Sustainable Development Goals, which is zero hunger. Many countries, including Indonesia, have set food security as the central policy on their development agenda. There has been some research into food security issues, but primarily this has no spatial context. This research identifies spatial clusters—high-high, low-low, high-low, and low-high—across four food security measures: the Food Security and Vulnerability Atlas, the Dietary Diversity Score, the Food Variety Score, and the Calorie Intake. It explores 514 districts in Indonesia for 2019 using Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA, Global Moran’s I) and Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA). The data for measuring food security come from SUSENAS (the National Socio-Economic Survey), Statistics of Indonesia and the National Food Agency. The research reveals the presence of regional food security in Indonesia. Eastern Indonesia faces challenges from food insecurity issues. The LISA result shows that there are low-low clusters in eastern Indonesia because of geographical isolation, poor economic performance, and a lack of infrastructure. Conversely, high clusters in western Indonesia, especially in Java Island, benefit from favorable agricultural conditions, a robust infrastructure, and diverse food markets. High-low clusters highlight that there are urban centers with better food access amidst less secure areas, while low-high clusters face economic and logistical challenges despite being near food-secure regions. This local analysis offers nuanced insights beyond the results of a standard ESDA, emphasizing the need for tailored policies to address regional disparities. Future research should explore the determinants of food security using spatial and non-spatial econometric approaches and should apply convergence analysis to identify the factors driving prosperous regions, providing benchmarks for enhancing food security across all districts.

ABSTRACT This study employs capital, labor, and energy as input variables, with provincial GDP as the desired output and CO2 emissions as the undesired output. Within the total factor productivity framework, two energy efficiency indices – energy economic efficiency and energy-environmental performance – are defined using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. Utilizing a non-radial, non-angle Slacks-Based Measure (SBM) model, the study calculates these indices and their decomposition for Chinese provinces from 2004 to 2023, analyzing their evolution and regional disparities. Based on the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) theory, the paper examines the relationship between energy efficiency indices, their decomposition, and regional economic growth. Results indicate that China’s overall energy efficiency indices were relatively low during the sample period, with significant regional disparities and potential for energy conservation and emission reduction. A non-linear relationship (either inverted U-shaped or U-shaped) was observed between these indices and economic growth. Industrial structure, population density, energy structure, and foreign capital utilization significantly affected both energy efficiency indices, though the mechanisms varied.

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of China’s modern peripheral diplomacy in the new era, where the central guiding principle becomes the building of a «community with a shared future»” and the concept of «qin, cheng, hui, rong» («amity, sincerity, mutual benefit, and inclusiveness») for peripheral diplomacy. The methodology of the study is based on a thorough examination of China’s historical and cultural traditions, the analysis of official speeches and documents, as well as specific practices of cooperation within the framework of peripheral diplomacy. Particular attention is paid to the concept of «qin, cheng, hui, rong», which reflects China’s traditional values of trust, harmony, and respect for neighbors. The analysis reveals that China’speripheral diplomacy is based on a deep understanding of the importance of good-neighborliness, striving to strengthen strategic trust, and develop mutually beneficial economic projects, as well as ensuring inclusive cooperation. China emphasizes that the stability and prosperity of the entire region are impossible without harmonious relations with its neighbors, thereby contributing to integration and collective development. In conclusion, it is argued that the concept of a «community with a shared future» has become the foundation of China’s peripheral diplomacy and ensures the sustainable, fair, and peaceful development of its surroundings.

This study examines the symbiotic evolution of canal infrastructure and shipbuilding along China’s Grand Canal, with a focus on the Li Canal section in Jiangsu through primary archive analysis of previously unexplored documents. It systematically examines and analyses the historical evolution of the shipbuilding industry along the Grand Canal from the Han Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty. Throughout different historical periods, the shipbuilding industry along the Grand Canal underwent several stages, emergence and development, brilliance and glory, maturity and stability, and decline and regional prosperity. Initially, canals and shipbuilding engaged in mutual reinforcement. Waterway networks stimulated demand for specialized vessels, while shipbuilding innovations enhanced navigational efficiency. Subsequently, government intervention propelled industrial scaling and technological leaps. During its mature phase, integrated official and private shipyards emerged, producing diverse vessel types with exceptional craftsmanship. The uninterrupted operation of these shipyards from the Han to Qing dynasties was sustained by skilled artisans, providing robust human resources. Despite challenges from seclusionist policies, the regional economy influenced by inland river shipping demonstrated resilience in the later period. The canal-shipbuilding ecosystem ultimately delivered critical shipping support for water transport, trade, military logistics, and diplomacy across Jiangsu and the nation. The Li Canal’s legacy as a maritime–industrial corridor underscores how co-ordinated governance and artisanal expertise underpinned China’s premodern maritime development.

The report delivered at the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China underscored the dual priorities of safeguarding national security and maintaining social stability, particularly through the advancement of prosperity and development in border regions. This study presents field research on the implementation and outcomes of the Livelihood Security Project in Jingxi City and Longzhou County, Guangxi. It highlights key successes in infrastructure development, the enhancement of public service systems, economic growth, and innovations in social governance. The findings demonstrate that the project has significantly contributed to improving living standards and fostering regional stability. However, the research also identifies several persistent challenges, including imbalanced resource distribution and policy prioritization, limited capacity in grassroots governance, deficiencies in the social security framework, and shortcomings in policy execution and oversight mechanisms. In response, this paper proposes targeted recommendations to maximize the impact of the Livelihood Security and Border Stabilization Project. These include recalibrating resource and policy allocations, optimizing public service delivery, strengthening governance capacity at the local level, and reinforcing accountability in policy implementation. The study concludes by synthesizing the practical experiences of Jingxi and Longzhou, offering insights for sustained stability in border regions, and suggesting pathways for the future evolution of the Livelihood Security Project in Guangxi’s frontier areas.

This article explores the social structure, administrative system, and economic development of Al-Andalus during the period of Muslim rule. Al-Andalus experienced significant cultural, scientific, and economic growth, driven by interethnic cooperation, an effective governance model, and a thriving economy. Goals and objectives – The primary aim of this research is to analyze the composition of social groups, their interactions, the administrative framework, and the factors influencing economic progress in Al-Andalus. The study seeks to determine the role of ethnic groups in society, evaluate the efficiency of the governance system, and examine economic development trends using historical sources. Despite ethnic tensions between Arabs and Berbers, cultural integration continued. The administrative system was well-structured, ensuring stability and military strength. Economic growth was fueled by urban prosperity, trade expansion, and agricultural advancements. The flourishing of Islamic sciences and the Arabic language further enriched society. The combination of cultural exchange, strong governance, and economic success made Al-Andalus one of the most prosperous regions of the medieval Islamic world. This study also contributes to the development of national historiography.