Prospects Of Innovative Development Research Articles

Russian Entrepreneurship in the Context of Socio-Economic Crisis: the Risks of Deprofessionalization

Purpose of the study: The importance of sociological understanding of the risks of deprofessionalization of entrepreneurial activity in the context of a deep socio-economic crisis is determined by the peculiarities (crisis, illegal practices) of entrepreneurship in post-Soviet Russia which affected its modern development. Methodology: I. Schumpeter’s theoretical ideas create the methodological basis for the study of modern Russian entrepreneurship. Schumpeter defines an entrepreneur as the "main phenomenon" of economic development. The scientist associates entrepreneurship with innovation and introduction of new combinations of production factors. The neo-institutional approach is methodologically important for the study of Russian entrepreneurship. This approach states that any social institutional practices are determined by the specific institutional system, the system being a historical product of a particular era and society. The study of the risks of deprofessionalization of Russian entrepreneurship is carried out on the basis of theoretical ideas of Zh. T. Toshchenko, aimed at analysis of a new modern phenomenon - "effective managers", considered in the context of opportunistic behavior in the field of entrepreneurship. Results: The study concludes that the attitude to entrepreneurship in Russia has positively changed in the last decade. Despite this fact, Russia faces the risks of deprofessionalization. The risks are associated with both institutional formation factor and the modern conditions of professional training of entrepreneurs: the crisis of educational system and transformation of professional and labour values. Applications of this study: The results of this study facilitate navigation in the meanders of institutional transformations which take place in professional and labour spheres of the modern Russia, making it possible to predict the situation in social reproduction of the Russian community from the prospects of innovative development. That is possible because entrepreneurship acts as a generator and implementation entity of social innovations. Novelty/Originality of this study: The risks of Russian entrepreneurship deprofessionalization in the current social reality are determined by a set of institutional factors which create a crisis space for professionalization of entrepreneurs and future entrepreneurs at all the stages, from the process of professional self-determination to professional self-realization. This situation lays the foundation for crisis reproduction of the entire socio-cultural system. It is difficult to change the situation in the short term, therefore, we are talking about long-term projects. The authors propose to turn to potential of the institute of education, designed not only to form a layer of knowledge, skills, and competencies of the future businessmen, but also to form a culture of entrepreneurship with a high level of professional responsibility as one of the main indicators of professionalism.

Інноваційний розвиток аграрного сектору як інструментарію забезпечення економічної безпеки

Статтю присвячено дослідженню питань інноваційного розвитку аграрного сектору як одного з головних інструментаріїв забезпечення економічної безпеки країни.
 Метою статті є дослідження однієї з найбільш прогресивної методології інформаційно-аналітичної системи моніторингу інноваційного розвитку аграрного сектору, якою нині прийнято вважати форсайт, як інструментарію забезпечення економічної безпеки.
 Наукова новизна. Запропоновано механізм, який організаційно-функціонально забезпечуватиме взаємодію уповноважених органів державної влади з іншими інститутами ринку та громадськістю, а також внесені пропозиції щодо інституційного забезпечення моніторингу інноваційного розвитку та економічної безпеки аграрного сектору. Обгрунтовані пропозиції щодо використання форсайтного підходу як спеціальної методології довгострокового прогнозування та розроблено організаційно-інституційний конструкт позиціонування форсайту, що сприятиме ідентифікації сегментів у прогнозуванні забезпечення економічної безпеки аграрного сектору. Також наведені можливі ефекти форсайту в забезпеченні економічної безпеки аграрного сектору на засадах його інноваційного розвитку.
 Висновки. На сьогодні важливим моментом розвитку аграрної галузі є нагальність створення інформаційної системи моніторингу щодо забезпечення економічної безпеки аграрного сектору на умовах його інноваційного розвитку.
 Формування та використання інституційної системи й методів форсайту у сфері інноваційного розвитку аграрного сектору та його економічної безпеки є можливим, доцільним і реальним у контексті визнання аграрного сектору локомотивом національної економіки, а інновацій – запорукою безпечного, сталого економічного розвитку.
 У загальному розумінні пропонуємо розглядати форсайт як систему комплексних методів експертної оцінки довгострокових перспектив інноваційного розвитку аграрного сектору, визначення технологічних проривів, які забезпечують позитивний вплив на національну економіку та відповідний рівень економічної безпеки.
 Реалізація форсайтної методології здійснення інформаційно-аналітичного моніторингу економічної безпеки аграрного сектору та його інноваційного розвитку дасть можливість зреалізувати підходи до їх прогнозування у найбільш прогресивному плані. Тому акцентуємо увагу на побудові конструкції методології форсайту у концептуальному позиціонуванні означеної системи прогнозування щодо такої специфічної моделі, як забезпечення економічної безпеки аграрного сектору на засадах його інноваційного розвитку.

The Current State and the Prospects of Innovative Development of Export-Organized Ukrainian Industrial Enterprises

The purpose of the article is to study the current state and the prospects of innovative development of export-oriented industrial enterprises of Lviv region and of Ukraine on the basis of modern theory and practice in the field of economics and enterprise management. It is established that the innovative activity of Ukrainian industrial enterprises is at a rather low level with the prospect of further reduction. The key obstacles and difficulties arising on the way of innovative development of Ukrainian export-oriented industrial enterprises are highlighted. The ways of solving the problems of innovative development of export-oriented industrial enterprises in Ukraine are offered. The prospect of further research in this area is the study of key aspects of the development of export-oriented industrial enterprises with the prospect of development and increases their export potential.

Problems and prospects of innovative development of enterprises of agroindustrial business

The article deals with the main barriers to innovation development directly or indirectly affecting the activities of agricultural enterprises. The directions of development of innovations in the enterprises of the agricultural sector are proposed, which will lead to the maximum effect in terms of the multiplier effect on the economy as a whole.

Перспективы инновационного развития экономики России

Перспективы инновационного развития экономики России

Certain Aspects of China's History and Prospects for Innovative Development

Certain Aspects of China's History and Prospects for Innovative Development

Innovative Activity of Chemical Industry in Russia and Prospects of Development

Innovative development is a basis of economy modernization. Countries occupying a leading position in the field of innovation can influence the economic development process. Existing innovative development of the Russian economy is insufficiently active. The article analyses the modern state of the chemical industry, identify the causes of the decline in innovative activity during the last twenty years. It was determined that the problem of attracting financial, technological and human resources is the main obstacle to the development of the domestic economy according to the innovative program. There are also reviewed prospects of innovative development of enterprises of chemical industry.

Simulation of Systems for Monitoring, Analysis and Forecasting of the Priority Directions of Science and Technology

The article presents the automated scheme for monitoring, analysis and forecasting based on the extended conceptual foresight model, which is a system of methods of expert evaluation of the strategic prospects of innovative development, identification of technological breakthroughs that can have maximum influence on economy and society in the medium and long-term outlook.

The prospects of innovative development of roadside service in the Russian Federation

The article deals with the problem of creating objects of road service and innovative experience in the formation of multifunctional zones (MD) of road service, substantiated conclusions and rec- ommendations of the author on the improvement of road service on the basis of Russian and inter- national experience.

Analysis of the State and Prospects of Innovative Development of the Russian Economy in Conditions of Its Modernization

Today, the modernization of the production structure – with the outline of high-tech industries, spheres ofscience and education as key growth factors – is one of the main conditions of sustainable development of everycountry, as well as of growth of public prosperity. However, to reach economic stability requires thedevelopment of the system research and assessment of innovative economic development, as far as exactly theimperative to study the prospects of innovative development determines modernization of the economy as awhole.The article presents the analysis of the state of innovative development of the Russian economy and the analysisof key performance indicators of innovative development. It also considers the industrial and regional aspects,and highlights the basic trends of development and the problems of further development.

STRATEGIC PLANNING OF INNOVATION GOAL-SETTING IN DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN AREAS

This research focuses on the development of the goal setting concept in the strategic urban development and the identification of innovative priorities for sustainable development of urban areas, acting as catalysts for reforming of municipalities’ management. The purpose of this research is to establish an effective system of milestones of innovative development of urban areas in the process of strategic urban development. Methodological basis of the research is the complex of abstract and hypothetical and logical tools, as well as the axiomatic analysis of the problems and prospects of innovative development of urban areas. The research results include the study of terminological apparatus of urban innovations, formation of the main directions of innovation policy implementation in the process of urban development of urban areas, the development of a fundamental algorithm of strategic goal setting in the innovative development of urban areas. The scope of application of the research results is a system of planning of social and economic development of municipalities, as well as comprehensive programs of financing and investment support of social projects of the urban environment development. The main conclusion of this research is the statements of need for innovative orientation of plans for social and economic planning of the urban environment, revealing the negative effects of the inertial urban design, characteristic of most Russian cities, inattention to which can lead to a social and economic damage and even to a social, ecological and economic degradation of territories.

Перспективы инновационного развития при освоении арендованных лесных участков

Перспективы инновационного развития при освоении арендованных лесных участков

Мировой кризис и рынок труда

The article deals with the problems of labor market functioning under conditions of global financial and economic crisis. Extensive statistical material is analyzed. The focus is made on identifying the principal specifics of the crisis in terms of such socio-economic parameters of reproduction as employment, unemployment, structure of supply and demand in the labor market, prospects for innovative development, anti-crisis activities of governmental institutions.