Proportion Of Road Traffic Injuries Research Articles

Development of quality indicators to measure pre-hospital emergency medical services for road traffic injury

sBackgroundPre-Hospital Emergency Care (PEC) is a fundamental property of prevention of Road Traffic Injuries (RTIs). Thus, this sector requires a system for evaluation and performance improvement. This study aimed to develop quality indicators to measure PEC for RTIs.MethodsFollowing the related literature review, 14 experts were interviewed through semi-structured interviews to identify Quality Measurement Indicators (QMIs). The extracted indicators were then categorized into three domains: structure, performance, and management. Finally, the identified QMIs were confirmed through two rounds of the Delphi technique.ResultsUsing literature review 11 structural, 13 performance, and four managerial indicators (A total of 28 indicators) were identified. Also, four structural, four performance, and three managerial indicators (A total of 11indicators) were extracted from interviews with experts. Two indicators were excluded after two rounds of Delphi’s technics. Finally, 14 structural, 16 performance and, seven managerial indicators (A total of 37indicators) were finalized.ConclusionDue to the importance and high proportion of RTIs compared to other types of injuries, this study set out to design and evaluate the QMIs of PEC delivered for RTIs. The findings of this research contribute to measuring and planning aimed at improving the performance of PEC.

Prevalence and risk factors for road traffic injuries and mortalities in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundRoad traffic injuries, which are responsible for premature deaths and functional losses, are the leading causes of unintentional injuries in Ethiopia. As most studies on road traffic injuries, so far,...

Magnitude of death and associated factors among road traffic injury victims admitted to emergency outpatient departments of public and private hospitals at Adama Town, East Shewa Zone, Ethiopia.

Objectives:Road traffic injuries, disabilities, and deaths have been a major public health problem worldwide and in Ethiopia. Globally, around 1.35 million people die every year on the roads and 20–50 million sustain nonfatal injuries as a result of road traffic crashes. This study aimed to assess the magnitude of deaths and associated factors among road traffic injury victims admitted to emergency outpatient departments of public and private hospitals at Adama town, East Shewa Zone, Ethiopia.Methods:Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 381 road traffic injury victims admitted to hospitals in Adama town, East Shewa, Ethiopia, from 14 December 2019 to 29 February 2020. Data were collected using interviewer-administered structured questionnaires. Data were entered into EpiData version 4.6.0.2 and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions were fitted to identify variables significantly associated with road traffic injury–related deaths and the results were presented with adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence interval. Statistical significance was declared at p-value < 0.05.Results:The magnitude of deaths among road traffic injury victims were 12.9%. Age (25–44 years) (adjusted odds ratio = 4.24, 95% confidence interval = 1.70–10.61), rural resident (adjusted odds ratio = 2.26, 95% confidence interval = 1.11–4.55), pedestrian (adjusted odds ratio = 3.72, 95% confidence interval = 1.67–7.99), night-time injury (adjusted odds ratio = 5.29, 95% confidence interval = 2.52–11.10), injuries on weekends (adjusted odds ratio = 2.32, 95% confidence interval = 1.12–4.80), not getting first aid at injury site (adjusted odds ratio = 2.64, 95% confidence interval = 1.02–6.84), and known comorbidity conditions (adjusted odds ratio = 3.01, 95% confidence interval = 1.23–7.38) were significantly associated with road traffic injuries–related deaths.Conclusion:A significant proportion of road traffic injuries resulted in death. Age, place of residence, pedestrians, night-time injury, and not getting first aid were associated with road traffic injuries–related deaths. Preventive strategies that focus on young adults, rural residents, pedestrians, and people with comorbidities would minimize road traffic injuries–related deaths. Moreover, strict supervision on weekend and night-time drives, and providing accessible lifesaving first aid services would have significant importance.

Global Incidence and Mortality Patterns of Pedestrian Road Traffic Injuries by Sociodemographic Index, with Forecasting: Findings from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2017 Study.

(1) Background: Pedestrian injuries (PIs) represent a significant proportion of road traffic injuries. Our aim was to investigate the incidence and mortality of PIs in different age groups and sociodemographic index (SDI) categories between 1990 and 2017. (2) Method: Estimates of age-standardized incidence and mortality along with trends of PIs by SDI levels were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease from 1990 to 2017. We also forecasted the trends across all the SDI categories until 2040 using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 23.0, Chicago, IL, USA) time series expert modeler. (3) Results: Globally, the incidence of PIs increased by 3.31% (−9.94 to 16.56) in 2017 compared to 1990. Men have higher incidence of PIs than women. Forecasted incidence was 132.02 (127.37 to 136.66) per 100,000 population in 2020, 101.52 (65.99 to 137.05) in 2030, and reduced further to 71.02 (10.62 to 152.65) by 2040. Globally across all SDI categories, there was a decreasing trend in mortality due to PIs with the global estimated percentage reduction of 37.12% (−45.19 to −29.04). (4) Conclusions: The results show that PIs are still a burden for all SDI categories despite some variation. Although incidence and mortality are expected to decrease globally, some SDI categories and specific vulnerable age groups may require particular attention. Further studies addressing incidence and mortality patterns in vulnerable SDI categories are needed.

Road Traffic Injuries and Fatalities among Drivers Distracted by Mobile Devices.

Context:With increasing ownership of mobile devices (i.e., cell phones and smartphones), it is important to better understand the role of these devices in motor vehicle collision (MVC)-related trauma.Aims:The primary objective was to synthesize evidence on the proportion of drivers injured or killed in an MVC attributed to driver distraction by a mobile device. As a secondary objective, we assessed for associations between injury risk and mobile device use while driving.Settings and Design:This study was a systematic review.Subjects and Methods:We searched five electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, TRIS, and Web of Science) and the gray literature to identify reports of drivers injured (regardless of the severity) or killed in MVCs attributed to mobile device-related distraction by the driver. We evaluated study and driver characteristics, as well as associations between injury risk and mobile device use by drivers.Statistical Analysis Used:Descriptive statistics were used to report study characteristics. The proportion of injuries related to driver distraction by mobile devices was calculated for each study.Results:Overall, 4907 articles were screened, of which 13 met eligibility criteria. The median proportion of distracted-driving-related trauma was 3.4% (range: 0.04% to 44.7%). Three studies evaluated the association between mobile device use and road traffic injury; all found use of a mobile device while driving significantly increased crash risk.Conclusions:The proportion of road traffic injuries and fatalities attributed to driver distraction by a mobile device ranges from 0.04% to 44.7%. Studies were subject to limitations in the collection of reliable data on distraction-related MVCs.

Motor vehicle accidents and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: A methodology to calculate the related burden of injuries.

The association between motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) has always been quantified as risk of MVAs for individual drivers with OSAS. We evaluated the expected injured patients per year attributable to OSAS-dependent MVAs in a general population. By combining OSAS prevalence and OSAS-dependent MVAs odds ratio, we assessed the population attributable fraction (PAF), an epidemiological tool that can be used to quantify the proportion of road traffic injuries (RTIs) attributable to OSAS. For an apnea hypopnea index >5, the weighed median and combined average of OSAS prevalence were 4.4 (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.7-7.5) and 4.7 (95% CI: 4.2-5.2), respectively; values of risk of OSAS-dependent MVAs were 2.83 (95% CI: 2.72-3.08) and 2.52 (95% CI: 2.07-3.08), respectively. The PAF showed weighed median and combined average values of 6.6 (95% CI: 4.3-9.8) and 7.3% (95% CI: 6.0-13.5), respectively. Our results show that about 7% of RTIs for a population of male drivers involved in MVAs are attributable to OSAS. This value can be used to assess the potential impact, on the reduction of incidence of the motor vehicle injuries, of prevention programs aimed at reducing the number of subjects with an undiagnosed and/or untreated OSAS.

Epidemiology of traffic injuries and motor vehicles utilisation in Tehran: a population-based study

Iran has one of the greatest death rates from road traffic injuries (RTIs). There is no national injury surveillance in Iran and there is uncertainty on measures of RTIs.We studied...