This study investigates the influence of educational facilities on rental values and vacancy rates within the Apo Resettlement Scheme, Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja. Recognizing education as a fundamental social amenity, the research aims to examine how the proximity, quality, and availability of educational institutions affect residential property dynamics in a rapidly urbanizing resettlement area. Employing a quantitative research approach, data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to 150 tenants, landlords, and property managers. Additional data on property locations and educational facilities were verified through site observations and geospatial mapping. Using statistical analyses including Pearson correlation, linear regression, and logistic regression, the study tested three key hypotheses: (1) proximity to educational facilities influences rental values, (2) quality and availability of schools affect vacancy rates, and (3) tenants’ housing preferences are significantly shaped by access to educational facilities. Findings reveal a strong positive correlation between rental values and closeness to schools, with properties nearer to well-equipped educational institutions commanding higher rents. Furthermore, vacancy rates were significantly lower in properties adjacent to quality schools, indicating educational infrastructure’s role in sustaining occupancy. Tenant preferences analysis showed households with school-aged children are more likely to prioritize educational access when selecting rental properties. The study concludes that educational facilities are critical determinants of housing market performance in Apo Resettlement, contributing to increased rental yields, reduced vacancies, and informed tenant choices. These insights underscore the importance of integrating educational infrastructure planning into urban housing development strategies to foster sustainable community growth. The study recommends policymakers, urban planners, and developers prioritize school provision in resettlement schemes and encourages further research into other social amenities influencing housing markets. By bridging gaps in existing literature, this research provides empirical evidence that educational amenities are not merely social services but significant economic drivers in residential real estate, with implications for urban planning and housing policy in Abuja and similar contexts.

The article is devoted to the study of legal mechanisms for regulating objects of intellectual property (hereinafter - OIP) created by military personnel during the performance of their official duties. In the context of modern challenges associated with the military aggression of the Russian Federation and the processes of European integration of Ukraine, the need for comprehensive legal regulation of this area as a strategic resource for strengthening the national security of the state is becoming more urgent. The authors state that domestic legislation on intellectual property and military-labor relations contains significant gaps in regulating the creation, protection and use of the results of the creative activities of military personnel, which leads to the violation of their rights and legitimate interests. The central place in the article is occupied by the study of foreign practice of regulating OIP in defense structures. The approaches of Canada, the USA and Ireland are considered, which demonstrate differentiated models of management of intellectual property of military personnel. In particular, the American mechanism of “government works” is analyzed, which excludes them from the scope of copyright, but at the same time provides for special regimes of technology transfer through CRADA and FTTA. The DFARS provisions on the transfer of copyrights to “special works” to the state are examined in detail. The Irish experience shows a model of full transfer of rights to IPR of military personnel to the Ministry of Defense, which ensures centralized management of the intellectual potential of the defense organization. Based on a comparative analysis, the authors proposed a set of measures to harmonize Ukrainian legislation with the norms of NATO partner states. Among them, the need for active application of norms on the participation of the state as an independent participant in civil legal relations, the development of a clear mechanism for the acquisition, transfer and implementation of property rights to IPR by state institutions, the determination of bodies authorized to manage these rights, is highlighted. The creation of a single state platform for accounting, monitoring and commercialization of IPR created within the civil service is proposed as a tool for transparency and effective use of the intellectual potential of civil servants.

The Cultural Landscape of Bali Province, a UNESCO World Heritage property in Indonesia, features ancient rice terraces and the subak irrigation system, reflecting a millennium-old harmony between humans, nature and the spiritual world. The subak landscape faces increasing challenges that threaten its sustainability. Alongside the pressure of rapidly expanding tourism, the subak system is increasingly vulnerable to water scarcity and shifting weather patterns due to climate change. This article examines the role of co-creation and local knowledge, advocating for the incorporation of community-led practices in the management of World Heritage properties. Co-creation can improve the effectiveness of management plans, align conservation goals with local communities’ adaptive practices and enhance the resilience of the subak system. The article underscores the critical need for World Heritage management plans to integrate climate adaptation strategies rooted in local knowledge, ensuring a more responsive and sustainable approach to preserving the heritage landscape.

Abstract Three-dimensional modelling of buildings requires reliable data sources and sophisticated tools capable of delivering exhaustive models that can facilitate property management. The authors devised a methodology for 3D building modelling using only open-access geospatial databases like Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) scanning, map and photogrammetry resources, and the relevant publicly available land and topography databases. The models integrate building geometry and detailed object information, which makes them versatile tools for property valuation, management, and structural health monitoring. The study brings together Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) tools that can integrate spatial data and build precise models with details of critical parts of buildings, such as roofs, walls, window and door openings, balconies, terraces, hard infrastructure, and other structural and fit-out components. The methodology’s performance and versatility were verified on single-family residential buildings in Kraków (Poland). The results have confirmed that the constructive collaboration of open-access geospatial data, GIS, and BIM yields high-grade 3D models for structural health monitoring, action planning, and building life cycle management. This approach leads to effective property (resources) management and streamlines planning and taking actions over the life cycle.

Proper high-rise building management remains essential in delivering sustainable living spaces as well as functional shared ownership experiences. This is important as it is one of the Malaysia Strata Community Empowerment (MSCE) 2024 initiatives under the Ministry of Housing and Local Government. Currently the property manager is facing numerous risks from financial to natural disaster in managing these buildings. An effective risk management depends on the process, risk coverage, prescriptive detail and documentation. This study explores and synthesises global risk management frameworks (RMFs) to propose a conceptual model tailored for high-rise residential building management in Malaysia. With rising complexities and statutory demands under the Strata Management Act 2013, effective risk governance remains a significant challenge for Joint Management Bodies (JMB) and Management Corporations (MC). Through desktop study analysis, seven international RMFs from ISO 31000, COSO ERM, IRGC, Bow-Tie, AS/NZS 4360, Singapore’s BMSMA, and NFPA 101 are evaluated based on their process structure, risk coverage, prescriptive depth, and documentation load. Findings reveal that ISO 31000 offers broad adaptability, COSO supports governance-driven accountability, Bow-Tie aids operational hazard visualisation, while BMSMA and NFPA 101 provide statutory alignment. Drawing from these models, a hybrid conceptual framework combining governance, stakeholder legitimacy, process rigor, and risk reporting mechanisms is produced. The framework will support sustainable and resilient strata management. Future work will focus on empirical validation among building management stakeholders.

This paper explores the transformative potential of digital solutions in streamlining property management operations within affordable housing communities. As urbanization and population growth increase the demand for affordable housing, efficient property management becomes essential for ensuring the sustainability and livability of these communities. The study reviews existing property management approaches and highlights the limitations of traditional systems, such as inefficiencies in maintenance, financial management, and tenant engagement. It then examines how digital technologies—including property management software, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, artificial intelligence (AI), and data analytics—can address these challenges by automating processes, optimizing resource allocation, and improving tenant interactions. Through case studies, the paper demonstrates how digital solutions have been successfully implemented in affordable housing, leading to enhanced operational efficiency, tenant satisfaction, and cost savings. However, the paper also identifies significant barriers to digital adoption, such as financial constraints, infrastructure gaps, and resistance to change. To overcome these challenges, the paper recommends strategies such as partnerships with tech providers, workforce training, and securing funding. Furthermore, future research is encouraged to focus on developing scalable and cost-effective digital tools, integrating emerging technologies like blockchain, and studying the long-term impacts of digital solutions on affordable housing management.

PTX is a regionally-owned enterprise of the Jakarta provincial government operating in the public transportation sector, and PT. B is a subsidiary of PT. X engaged in property development and property management, particularly in the Jakarta area. Since its establishment in 2020, PT. X has not conducted an evaluation regarding the conformity of ISO 31000 implementation in risk management at PT. B. This study aims to evaluate the conformity of risk management at PT. B based on ISO 31000. The research uses a case study approach through document observation, interviews, and literature findings. The results of this study indicate that PT. B is aware of the importance of risk management implementation and has made efforts to apply risk management. However, the implementation of risk management is still not in accordance with the ISO 31000 risk management standard. PT. B does not yet have an integrated system related to risk management implementation. The risk management documentation process is still carried out in a simple manner. The processes of identification, mitigation, monitoring, and evaluation are still focused on top risks. PT. B also does not yet have a dedicated work unit for risk management within the company. It is expected that this research can serve as evaluation material for the company, especially the risk management work unit, so that the implementation of risk management can be maximized in accordance with ISO 31000 standards. Abstracts are written in Indonesian and English, consisting of the main problem, objectives, methods, and research results.

Malaysia’s rental property sector has experienced rapid growth due to increased urbanization, changing lifestyle preferences, and rising housing unaffordability, prompting more individuals to rent rather than buy. Despite this trend, limited empirical research has examined effective management practices for private investors, resulting in operational inefficiencies, inconsistent tenant relations, and untapped investment potential. Addressing this gap, the present study explores best practices in rental property management within the Malaysian context to identify strategies that optimize financial performance and tenant satisfaction. The study aims to (1) analyse current rental property management approaches and (2) develop a synthesized framework of best practices applicable to private investors. A secondary data analysis method was employed, involving a comprehensive review of scholarly literature, industry reports, policy documents, and real estate publications. Thematic analysis was conducted to extract recurring patterns, key strategies, and underlying management principles. Eight major themes emerged: strategic outsourcing, tenant relations, operational efficiency, property maintenance, competitive positioning, market and life-cycle understanding, risk management, and technology integration. The findings reveal that adopting systematic management strategies, cultivating long-term partnerships, emphasizing preventive maintenance, and leveraging digital tools can enhance profitability, tenant retention, and property value. In conclusion, the study underscores the importance of a holistic and data-driven approach to rental property management. It suggests that policymakers establish standardized guidelines and training for property managers, while future researchers should incorporate primary data to validate and expand on these insights. The research thus bridges theoretical understanding and practical application within Malaysia’s evolving property landscape.

This study is motivated by the importance of financial report transparency in property and real estate companies, particularly regarding earnings management practices that may affect the quality of information for stakeholders. The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of tax planning, free cash flow, sales growth, and managerial ownership on earnings management in property and real estate companies during the 2020–2023 period. The method employed is a quantitative approach using multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS Version 29. The research sample consists of 21 companies over four years of observation, resulting in 84 financial reports as the research data. The analysis results indicate that sales growth and free cash flow have a positive influence on earnings management, whereas tax planning and managerial ownership show no significant effect. This study confirms that internal factors such as sales performance and cash flow management are more dominant in influencing earnings management compared to ownership aspects or tax strategies. Therefore, companies are advised to focus more on operational efficiency and cash flow management, as well as to enhance governance quality to minimize earnings management practices.

Historically, spider management has received relatively little attention in the literature compared to insect pests, and few studies have examined the efficacy of chemical management strategies on orb weaver mortality and web site fidelity. However, the introduction and rapid spread of the Jorō spider, Trichonephila clavata (L. Koch, 1878; Araneae: Araneidae), in North America has created a wave of media and public awareness. Characterized by its large size, bright coloration, dense aggregations, and durable webs, this species has garnered concern from residents who wish to manage this pest. Internet-based advice ranges from using products labeled for arthropod control to common products around the home. Our study evaluated spider mortality from eleven separate products and two control treatments (water and no treatment at all). High doses of pyrethroid pesticides or essential oil and detergent-based pesticides were highly effective in killing T. clavata. Although spraying foaming dish soap and machine lubricant also led to high mortality rates, we do not condone the use of products outside of their registered label use. We also evaluated several products that did not cause high mortality for their potential to cause T. clavata to abandon their webs-a result that may be just as desirable for residents-though none of these products led to high rates of web abandonment. We strongly recommend that property managers carefully weigh the pros and cons and safety aspects of different management strategies (including mechanical management) and assess whether T. clavata management is warranted in the first place.

This introduction to the special issue offers a preliminary comparative reading of the struggles between global corporate landlords (GCLs) and tenants in contemporary urban landscapes. It traces the rise of GCLs in the lead-up to, and aftermath of, the 2008 global financial crisis and suggests that their aggressive property management practices have catalysed a new cycle of tenant contention. Drawing on recent scholarship and the contributions to the special issue, it outlines the main characteristics and operational logics of GCLs, the repertoires of contention developed during this cycle and the key tenant demands and policy proposals that have emerged. The growing concentration of property and power in the hands of GCLs has also brought tenants together in common struggle across multiple sites and scales. While the outcomes of these struggles remain uncertain, they have given rise to radical tenant practices and demands that are beginning to challenge the decades-long trajectory of housing commodification and financialisation underpinning today’s global housing crisis.

We discuss blockchain technology and its expected impact on smart cities in this paper. A significant development in technology, blockchain is made up of a number of core standards and technologies. We especially look at the question of how blockchain technology could contribute to urban growth. We developed our conceptual framework and research ideas after carefully reviewing the literature. The process of smarting cities has determined Fourteen application areas for blockchain technology: (1) Smart electronic voting; (2) Smart healthcare; (3) Smart home; (4) Smart property management; (5) Smart transportation; (6) Smart Logistics and Supply Chains; (7) Smart Education; (8) Smart Factory, (9) Smart Mobility, (10) Smart grid, (11) Intelligent Traffic Systems, (12) Smart agriculture, (13) Energy Consumption Tracking and (14) Carbon Footprint Tracking. We look at recent developments in several fields, highlight the importance of blockchain technology and make recommendations for future research directions

The exponential growth of digital technologies and globalization has redefined the importance of intellectual property (IP) as a cornerstone of innovation-driven economies. However, conventional systems of intellectual property protection remain inadequate in the face of digital piracy, counterfeiting, cross-border disputes, and administrative inefficiencies. Centralized IP registries, often burdened with bureaucratic delays and limited interoperability, struggle to provide the necessary speed, transparency, and trust that modern creators and businesses demand. Blockchain technology, characterized by its immutability, decentralization, and transparency, offers a paradigm shift in the secure management of intellectual property records. By leveraging distributed ledgers, blockchain enables tamper-proof timestamping of creative works, verifiable ownership claims, automated licensing agreements via smart contracts, and enhanced global recognition of IP rights. This manuscript investigates the use of blockchain in securing intellectual property records through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature, case studies, and simulated models. It evaluates blockchain’s efficiency in registration, cost reduction, dispute mitigation, and enforcement compared to traditional IP frameworks. Findings demonstrate that blockchain-based IP registries reduce average registration time by over 60%, lower administrative costs by nearly 35%, and significantly decrease infringement disputes by approximately 45%. Furthermore, blockchain fosters trust among creators, consumers, and institutions by ensuring immutable record integrity and facilitating transparent royalty distribution. The study emphasizes that blockchain has the potential not only to modernize IP protection but also to democratize access by allowing smaller creators and startups to safeguard their innovations without prohibitive costs. The paper concludes that while blockchain cannot fully replace existing legal frameworks, it can complement and enhance them by providing a secure, interoperable technological infrastructure. This integration holds the promise of a new era of intellectual property governance, one in which innovation is more fairly protected, monetized, and globally harmonized.

This study proposes and validates an innovative solution for cadastral mapping, focusing on the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR). It begins with an analysis of current legislation, exploring geotechnologies and innovations applied to mapping. The methodology uses a Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) equipped with GNSS and satellite internet, eliminating the need for ground support points and standing out for its precision and accuracy in generating orthophotomosaics. The study area was the Professor Hélio Barbosa Experimental Farm of the UFMG School of Veterinary Medicine, located in the municipality of Igarapé, Minas Gerais. The generated products include high-resolution orthophotomosaics, thematic maps of land use and land cover, area delimitation (APP, legal reserve, consolidated use), and a digital surface model. These maps demonstrated high positional precision and accuracy, in accordance with Brazilian and American technical standards. Compared to traditional methods, the approach resulted in faster processing and a significant reduction in operating costs. The proposal proves viable for replication in rural cooperatives and associations, contributing to the improvement of the CAR and the territorial management of rural properties.

The manual recording process in property sales is still widely used and often leads to issues such as information delays, data inaccuracies, and inefficiencies in unit booking processes. This study aims to design and develop a mobile-based Sales Property Management System as a digital solution to enhance efficiency and data accuracy in property management. The Design Thinking approach was employed as the primary methodology, comprising five stages: Empathize, Define, Ideate, Prototype, and Test. Data were collected through qualitative interviews with property sales personnel, revealing key challenges such as limited access to real-time information and reliance on manual transaction processes. Based on direct user feedback, the system was developed using an Agile approach, with React Native for the mobile interface, ExpressJS and TypeScript for the backend, and AWS cloud services to support system performance and scalability. Testing results indicated that the system successfully accelerated the booking process, streamlined workflows, and reduced dependence on manual methods. These findings demonstrate that the Design Thinking approach is effective in generating user-centered solutions and contributes significantly to the digital transformation of the property industry.

Understanding the influence of bio-based fertilizers (BBFs) on sorption of pharmaceuticals in soils: Effects of pH and organic matter.

The implementation of smart building systems has become a focus on across the globe to achieve improved energy conservation and sustainability in the building. Yet the pace of implementation of smart building systems in Malaysia is slow due to certain challenges. This research aims to recognize the key challenges to adopt smart building systems by property management professionals. Primary data were obtained through a questionnaire survey administered to 100 respondents who were the property managers in Johor Bahru. Data were processed by the SPSS software and ranked with Relative Importance Index (RII) method to determine the challenges with higher impacts. Results indicated that the highest rank of challenge were high cost of smart building system installation (RII = 0.942) and past habits and preferences (RII = 0.930). On the other hand, the challenges of lack of legislation and policy frameworks (RII = 0.764) and the privacy and security concerns (RII = 0.774) were among the least significant problems raised. In conclusion, this study emphasizes that these challenges must be addressed comprehensively to ensure the successful implementation of smart building systems in Malaysia. The implications of the study suggest that policymakers, industry practitioners, researchers, and end users should collaborate to develop cost-effective solutions, enhance technical knowledge, improve IoT infrastructure, and establish clear policy and regulatory frameworks. Such efforts are important to increase the penetration of smart-building systems and address the national agenda for sustainability.

The formation of asset classes is a core feature of financialisation. As investors continually seek novel revenue streams, they develop mechanisms to transform a growing array of goods and services into tradable, income-generating financial assets. Over the last decade, short-term rentals have consolidated as a distinct asset class, facilitated by digital platforms such as Airbnb and supported by property managers who offer investor confidence and predictable returns. This article draws on extensive fieldwork conducted in Barcelona to examine how ownership within the short-term rental market is structured and understand the investment strategies of different owner types. Our findings demonstrate an increasing consolidation process, marked by corporate acquisitions, regulatory arbitrage and the transformation of hotel stock into short-term rental units. Conversely, individual investors, who are primarily multi-property holders rather than resident homeowners, continue to play a significant role in the market. We argue that, in the context of the financialisation of rental housing, short-term rentals have evolved into investment vehicles offering relatively stable and foreseeable returns. Institutional investors, including real estate investment trusts, leverage short-term rentals to diversify portfolios and meet long-term return expectations, while individual investors employ short-term rentals both to generate rental income and to store capital in appreciating real estate assets. We suggest that the consolidation of short-term rentals as an asset class is contributing to deepening inequalities, as it channels wealth towards investors while excluding renters and first-time property buyers. These dynamics raise critical questions about housing equity, regulatory capacity and the evolving role of cities in governing asset-driven urban development.

At the current stage of development of international trade, high-quality control and protection of rights to intellectual property objects is necessary. In the modern era, when innovations and knowledge are becoming the main drivers of economic growth, intellectual property (hereinafter referred to as IP) plays a central role. The purpose of the article is to analyze the methodology of intellectual property management, effective use of innovative potential and infrastructure support of the IP market in the context of an innovative economy

Keeping trees in the ground: How property management and socio-ecological factors affect retention of trees planted through a backyard planting initiative