Abstract Introduction Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. Tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) are a promising therapeutic option because they can replace or repair the biological functions of blood vessels. Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) is a synthetic material with favorable physical and biological properties that make it suitable for developing TEVGs. Methods A total of 12 sheep were divided into two groups: the test group, which received PVDF electrospun TEVGs (n=6), and the control group, which received commercial expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) grafts (n=6). Both grafts were implanted into the right common carotid artery. After 4 weeks of follow-up, vascular permeability and endothelialization were assessed through histological analysis. Results Although no statistically significant differences were observed, histological analysis showed that PVDF TEVGs exhibited greater vascular permeability and higher endothelialization compared to ePTFE grafts. Conclusion Histological results suggest that the piezoelectric properties of PVDF foster endothelial cell growth, reduce thrombus formation, and enhance vascular permeability. Although PVDF TEVGs demonstrate potential as medical devices, further preclinical studies are necessary to evaluate their suitability for treating cardiovascular diseases.
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