Promotion Activities Research Articles

Thailand as World LGBTQ Wedding Destination

Gradually, Thailand has emerged as a promising land of honeymoon destination for LGBTQ wedding tourism, offering a diverse range of picturesque venues favorable for same-sex couples. This research paper discusses the multifaceted appeal of Thailand by mentioning the beautiful landscapes, culturally inclusive environment, and the growing acceptance of LGBTQ rights. The paper discusses the legal environment of Thai marriage, considering the difficulties facing the LBGTQ couples and the limitations of the present times, including the non-recognition of same-sex marriages under Thai law. On the other hand, it also discusses how weddings from the LGBTQ community have gone up, reflecting changes in societal attitudes and creating Thailand as a haven for couples seeking out acceptance and celebration of their love. It also lists all popular LGBTQ wedding venues-from five-star hotels to dreamy beach resorts-and mentions what really sets them apart: catering services designed with same-sex couples in mind. Cultural elements discussed herein involve an examination of traditional Thai wedding ceremonies and the aspect of inclusivity to understand their contribution to the experiences of LGBTQ weddings. It concludes with a presentation of some effective marketing strategies and promotional activities that might include partnering with LGBTQ influencers down to well-churned advertising campaigns that might position Thailand among the top destinations globally for the performance of LGBTQ marriage ceremonies. Against this backdrop, the present study explores a sensitive area in which Thai operators are showing huge potential to attract LGBTQ grooms and brides, first in the development of wedding tourism and secondly to increase acceptance of sexual orientation diversity across the region.

From Artifacts to Interactivity: Optimizing Museum Outreach through Technology and Inclusivity

With the development of society, people are paying more and more attention to cultural protection, and museums have become the core of protecting and sharing cultural heritage. Today's museums are not just exhibition halls. They are educational centers and social spaces that help cultivate a sense of history, cultural identity, and community cohesion. However, many traditional museum practices are difficult to attract modern audiences, especially young tourists who pursue immersive experiences. This study analyzed the influencing factors of well-organized and well-designed promotional activities in museums, with a focus on exploring how to strengthen the role of museums as educational, social, and cultural resources. By studying core principles such as structured planning, creativity, and feasibility, this article provides feasible suggestions for strengthening museum promotion strategies. With the integration of modern technology, enhanced interactivity, and widespread use of digital media and targeted activities, museums have the opportunity to expand their audience, cultivate sustained connections, and promote cultural diversity. The study ultimately emphasizes the value of strategic external connections and positions museums as active contributors to cultural dialogue. These perspectives aim to help museums adapt to technological advancements, change public expectations, and lay the foundation for further research on digital participation, visitor protection, and international cultural exchange.

Health Promotion Activity in the Community -- Scoping Reviewed

Health promotion is a multidisciplinary field that aims to improve the health and well-being of people not only by treating diseases, but also by promoting healthy lifestyles, preventing diseases, and addressing social, economic, and environmental factors that affect health. However, the meaning may vary according to the perspective of different actors and professionals. Scoping review, using the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online – US National Library of Medicine’s, for the articles that were published between January 1, 2018 and September 1, 2023, following the analysis procedures: title, summary reading, and total readership. The most mentioned activity in the 24 articles is health promotion associated with prevention in the community, with the home being the most referenced context. Based on Joanna Briggs’ Hierarchy of Evidence model, Institute, Redenç ao, indicates 5 levels of studies, namely: experimental studies, quasi-experimental studies, observational analytical studies, observational descriptive studies, and expert opinion. Therefore, the scope consisted of 24 articles from States United States, Brazil, Australia, South Asia, South Africa, Indonesia, Thailand, Newfoundland, Iran, Japan, South Africa, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Norway. The activity carried out by nursing at home focuses on individualized care and disease monitoring. Keywords: nursing, community health nursing, health promotion, primary prevention

The Impact of E-Commerce Leader's Marketing Attributes on Consumer Perception in China

With the rapid development of China's e-commerce market, e-commerce leaders are playing an increasingly crucial role in a highly competitive environment. Marketing attributes, such as brand influence, customer service quality, and marketing strategies, have become key factors in shaping consumer perception. This paper aims to explore how these marketing attributes affect consumer cognition and behavior in China. By analyzing existing literature and market data, this study presents a conceptual framework that highlights how brand influence affects purchasing decisions by enhancing consumer trust; how customer service improves brand image through increased consumer satisfaction and loyalty; and how effective marketing strategies alter consumer purchase intentions through personalized recommendations and promotional activities. The paper also examines the unique characteristics of the Chinese market, such as cultural differences and market environment, and provides practical recommendations for e-commerce leaders. Finally, the paper suggests directions for future empirical research to further validate these conceptual assumptions.

Analysis of Swamp Buffalo Tourism Potential to Improve Community Welfare in Paharangan Village, South Kalimantan

This study explores the potential of swamp buffalo tourism in Paharangan Village, South Kalimantan, as a means to improve community welfare. By examining the cultural and economic value of swamp buffalo, the study highlights how community-based tourism could enhance local livelihoods and support sustainable development. Using interviews, observations, and SWOT analysis, findings reveal that swamp buffalo tourism has strong potential due to the cultural uniqueness of the buffalo and the village’s natural setting, despite challenges such as limited infrastructure and marketing support. Opportunities lie in the growing interest in eco-tourism and cultural experiences, which could position Paharangan as a distinctive destination. The study recommends a community-based model for tourism development, involving locals directly in planning, training, and promotional activities, thus enabling economic benefits and preserving cultural heritage. This research underscores the role of community-driven tourism in enhancing rural welfare and sustaining traditional practices in alignment with environmental conservation goals.

Development of Pupils', Students' and Cadets Value Attitude to Health-Preserving Activities by Means of Combat Horting

The co-authors of the scientific publication carried out the research and described the results by means of a survey of 9th grade athletes from 34 sports clubs in Ukraine (n=807), research students of the State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University (n=92), and practicing students of the State Tax University (n=32), who were involved in the development of mini-projects on health promotion activities, conducting training in combat horting in natural conditions, experimental extracurricular health activities, writing qualification papers on the topic of research and participating in conferences of various levels, including international ones, monitoring activities during combat horting classes and extracurricular activities). The aim of the study is to practically test the efficiency of educating pupils', students' and cadets value attitude to health-preserving activities by means of combat horting. The basis of the study was the development of research skills through the method of analyzing student researchers; improvement of practical skills of pupils and students who participated as combat sport athletes and student practitioners, assistant coaches from 2020 to 2024. Results of the research. The co-authors of the research group developed and implemented a set of goals for educating pupils', students' and cadets to cultivate a value-based attitude to health promotion; developed questionnaires and conducted a survey among pupils and students; identified components, criteria and indicators for developing a value-based attitude of pupils', students' and cadets to health promotion; and presented practical recommendations. Moreover, the respondents acted as coaches, which promoted the development of soft skills and the ability of teamwork. Conclusions: This study contributed to the coordination of teamwork between pupils, students, teachers/coaches; aimed at improving the quality of professional and practical training of higher education students and their career development. Consequently, it is necessary to focus on the practical component of educational and research activities in higher education institutions, improvement of the educational and training process in sports clubs of Ukraine, based on the domestic and foreign experience of prominent experts.

Analisis Biaya Promosi untuk Meningkatkan Pendapatan pada Djava Wedding Karawang

The costs incurred for promotional activities can increase revenue, because from this activity consumers can find out information about products or services sold by the company. The level of income that is predicted to increase along with the amount of costs incurred. Wedding organizer is a service that provides services to help the bride and groom in meeting their wedding needs according to the theme chosen by the bride and groom. The purpose of this research is to analyze the costs incurred for promotion, income earned as well as activities carried out to increase income at Djava Wedding Karawang. The population in this study data on the financial statements of Djava Wedding Karawang for 5 years, namely 2018 - 2022, so that the samples used are promotional costs and income. This research uses quantitative descriptive methods. The results of the research show that there is a promotional fee issued by the largest company at the Expo Wedding activity of Rp. 25.000.000 while the smallest in make-up model activities is Rp. 300.000. The income obtained by the company has fluctuated due to promotional activities carried out by Djava Wedding Karawang, namely through the Wedding Expo which can increase revenue by 11.11% worth Rp. 277.980.000 from promotional income and Rp. 13.899.000 from booking.

Cross-sectional assessment of perception and attitude of pharmacy students towards pharmaceutical promotion: a study from developing country, Pakistan

BackgroundThe pharmaceutical promotion is “all informational and persuasive activities by manufacturers and distributors, the effect of which is to induce the prescription, supply, purchase and/or use of medicinal drugs. These promotional activities affect the dispensing behavior of physicians and pharmacists and influence begins from educational institutes.ObjectiveOur study’s main aim was to evaluate opinion and attitude of pharmacy students towards pharmaceutical promotion.Materials and methodsA cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 3rd, 4th and final year pharmacy students of 3 public and 3 private sector universities in Punjab Pakistan. A modified version of pre available questionnaire was used to collect data from students between June 2020 and December 2020. The tool was made available through a Google Form, assessable to students via provided link. We utilized the snowball sampling technique. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the demographics, while Chi-square and t-test were used to analyze associations between demographics and items. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0.ResultsA total of 1,195 students participated in the survey with an average age of 22.2 ± 1.2 years. Nearly 2/3rd of the students were males (62.2%) and a significant proportion (87.3%) of pharmacy students had never taken part in any training provided by pharmaceutical company. Among all, 51.9% confirmed that pharmacists who frequently interact with medical representatives tend to dispense more antibiotics. Additionally, 42.1% indicated they may dispense antibiotics under the influence of promotion. Pharmacy students in senior college years and those with lower parental exhibited significantly more perception and attitude scores (p < 0.001).ConclusionA significant number of students concurred with the notion that promotional activities could impact dispensing practices and they also believed that such activities contribute to the growing issue of irrational antibiotic use. This study underscores the necessity for a heightened emphasis on the educational needs of pharmacy students.

Impulse synchronization strategy for supply chains considering combined effects and demand saturation

Supply chains often face sudden changes in production, distribution, and consumption as a result of factors such as pandemics, Black Friday, and mass production by manufacturers; this is called the ”impulse phenomenon.” The effect of the impulse phenomenon on the supply chain system can be positive or negative. Understanding how to use the impulse phenomenon to synchronize supply chain systems and avoid chaos is therefore important for supply chain management. Existing studies mainly use continuous synchronization strategies as a means to avoid chaos in supply chain systems; however, a discrete impulse synchronization strategy is easier to implement. Considering combined effects of consumption,distribution,production and demand saturation, this study constructs a supply chain system composed of a manufacturer, distributor, and retailer. We then construct a supply chain system with uncertain parameters and input disturbance. Using Lyapunov stability theory and matrix inequality, we obtain the impulse synchronization strategies of two supply chain systems. Finally, taking China’s supply chain system of corn, wheat, and rice as an example, we compare goodness of fit. The production, distribution, and consumption of rice are controlled using a temporary storage purchase policy, batch ordering, and promotion activities, and the effectiveness of the impulse synchronization strategy is verified. Our results show the following: (1) Considering combined effects and demand saturation, the supply chain system has better goodness of fit and better impulse synchronization. (2) When a chaotic supply chain system deviates from its expected state, if impulse intensity and the time interval satisfy Theorem 1 or 2, the supply chain system can be restored to its expected state; if not, the synchronization effect might not be achieved. (3) Generally, when impulse intensity is low, the time interval is short, if impulse intensity is high, the time interval should be longer.

Photobiomodulation therapy at 650 nm enhances osteogenic differentiation of osteoporotic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through modulating autophagy

BackgroundPhotobiomodulatiom therapy (PBMT) has biostimulatory effects on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), which takes a pivotal role in maintaining bone mass and avoiding osteoporosis (OP). Autophagy is an important regulator for cell survival and homeostasis. Previous researchers found that BMSCs derived from osteoporotic rats (OP-BMSCs) were with the feature of reduced osteogenic differentiation and autophagy dysfunction. However, the potential regulation of PBMT in osteogenic differentiation of OP-BMSCs and its underling relationship with autophagy remain unclear. Methods650 nm red light-emitting diode (LED) was selected to initiate PBMT effects. The isolation and culture of OP-BMSCs were implemented after the establishment of the OP rat model. Firstly, the optimal dose of LED was screened on OP-BMSCs by CCK-8. Meanwhile, the osteogenic and mineralization activities were studied through the detection of Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red S (ARS). Then, the levels of osteogenesis and autophagy were investigated via western blot and immunofluorescence staining. Finally, the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA was applied to illustrate the underlying mechanism of the osteogenic effect of PBMT on OP-BMSCs. ResultsFirstly, the optimal dose of 6 J/cm2 LED was selected in the subsequent experiments according to CCK-8. Then, the ALP activity and the mineralization ability of OP-BMSCs were obviously increased by PBMT. Meanwhile, Runx-2, OCN and OPN were significantly upregulated in LED group. Furthermore, the expressions of autophagic proteins were significantly increased in LED group by immunofluorescence staining and western blot assay. At last, the promoted effects of PBMT on osteogenic differentiation in OP-BMSCs were distinctly reversed via inhibiting autophagy. ConclusionOur research illustrated that 650 nm LED could improve osteogenic differentiation of OP-BMSCs, suggesting a potential correlation between PBMT-mediated activation of autophagy and promotion of osteogenic differentiation.

Biofilmed-PGPR: Next-Generation Bioinoculant for Plant Growth Promotion in Rice under Changing Climate

The exopolysaccharide matrix of the diazotrophic cyanobacteria was used to integrate the phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) solubilizing bacteria for enhanced survival of the plant growth-promoting bacteria and, ultimately, survival of bacteria in the rhizosphere for better plant growth. A new biofilm-based formulation comprising the diazotrophic cyanobacteria Anabaena AMP2, phosphorus-solubilizing Bacillus megaterium var. phosphaticum PB1, and potassium-solubilizing Rhizobium pusense KRBKKM1 was tested for efficacy in rice. The growth medium with half-strength BG-11 medium supplemented with 3% glucose showed best for biofilm formation under in vitro conditions. Analysis of the methanolic extract of the cyanobacterial-bacterial biofilm (CBB) showed antioxidants, such as 2-methoxy phenol and pentadecane, which are proven to improve plant-microbe interactions and plant growth promotional activity, respectively. Treatment of rice seeds with CBB extract at 10 mL or 20 mL/100 g showed significant enhancement in germination percentage and seedling length. Therefore, a pot culture experiment with the CBB formulations was carried out, and different growth and yield parameters were recorded. Principal component analysis showed that the plant growth, yield, soil dehydrogenase activity, and soil chlorophyll content were positively correlated with rice plants amended with vermiculite-based CBB at 2 kg/hm2 followed by a spray with aqueous CBB formulation at 5 mL/L on 15 and 30 d after the rice transplanting (T6) grown with a 25% reduced level of NPK chemical fertilizers than the recommended dose. Further, Pearson correlation analysis showed that yield was positively correlated with soil dehydrogenase (r = 0.92**) and soil chlorophyll content (r = 0.96**). We concluded that CBB could be used as a novel biofilm-based bio-inoculant to increase rice productivity and crop fitness as a component in integrated nutrient management and sustainable organic farming strategies with reduced chemical fertilizers.

The Moderating Roles of Environmental Awareness and Product Knowledge on the Impact of Marketing Mix Elements on Purchase Intention

The purpose of this study is to examine the moderating effects of environmental awareness (EA) and product knowledge (PK) on the relationship between marketing mix elements and the purchase intention of electric vehicles (EVs) in Thailand. Based on a quantitative research design, 253 samples of Thai respondents aged 20 and above were collected via an online questionnaire as a research tool. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis was used to analyze the proposed hypotheses. The results indicate that all four marketing mix elements, which are product attributes, pricing strategy, distribution channels (place), and promotional activities, significantly influence the purchase intention of electric vehicles. Product attributes (b = 0.523) have the strongest impact on purchase intention, followed by pricing strategy (b = 0.501), distribution channels (place) (b = 0.477), and promotional activities (b = 0.334) respectively. The results of moderation analysis reveal that environmental awareness significantly moderates the effect of product attributes (b = 0.412) and pricing strategy (b = 0.305) on purchase intention but is not found in the relationships of distribution channels (place) and promotional activities toward purchase intention. Additionally, consumer product knowledge of EVs was found to significantly and negatively moderate only the influence of promotional activities (b = -0.343) on purchase intention. In other words, potential consumers who possess higher EV knowledge seem to be less influenced by promotional activities in their decision to buy EVs. These findings highlight the importance of integrating environmental concerns and EV product knowledge into the firm’s marketing strategies to boost EV adoption in emerging countries. The implications and recommendations will be discussed in the paper.

Enhancing Consumer Loyalty and Market Competitiveness: Approaching IPA-QFD in Product Development

This paper provides an overview of AA.co.Store, is a fashion business founded in 2021. Despite being in the development stage, AA.co.Store can compete with other local brands in Sidoarjo. To maintain and attract more consumers, the company focuses on improving product quality. The success of a business is measured by the number of products produced and their competitiveness in the market. Product development is crucial to increase competitiveness and attract future consumers. The quality of the product and promotional activities significantly impact customer satisfaction. Pricing and distribution also influence purchasing decisions. To compete with competitors, AA.co.Store needs a comprehensive strategy. Research suggests that product quality, price, customer satisfaction, and brand image affect consumer loyalty and satisfaction. The purpose of this research is to improve AA.co.Store's product development using an IPA-QFD-based marketing mix aligned that very important for Development Goals (SDGs) of the store to compete with other local brands in Sidoarjo. The results of this study were AA.co.Store service quality, it can be concluded that Customer satisfaction with AA.co.Store services is fulfilled, which is indicated by the results of the questionnaire using the SERVQUAL method which does not show a negative value for the AA.co.Store brand when compared to other brands. There are three service quality attributes that need to be prioritised for improvement at AA.co.Store, namely the price of t-shirts that are more competitive than other brands, the condition of the parking lot, and cleanliness. There are several steps that can be taken to improve service quality based on technical needs, including: a.) changing the organisational strategy on company performance, especially in the operational section, b.) increasing the stock of materials to meet the number of orders, c.) providing training and development on existing SOPs, and d.) repairing and maintaining existing equipment in the company.

인지욕구에 따른 희소성 메시지가 여행상품 구매의도에 미치는 영향 : 시간한정 및 인원한정 가격할인을 중심으로

This study aimed to examine how scarcity messages influence travel product purchase intentions and how the impacts were moderated by consumers' high or low need for cognition. The two types of scarcity messages were presented, one with time-limited price discounts and the other with limited-person price discounts. The results of the experiment were as follows. First, the low need for cognition group showed higher purchase intentions when the time-limited scarcity message featured a longer time limit, whereas the high need for cognition group showed higher purchase intentions when the time-limited scarcity message suggested a shorter time limit. Second, the group with a low need for cognition showed higher purchase intentions when limited-person scarcity messages featured a small number of eligible people, whereas the group with a high need for cognition showed higher purchase intentions when limited-person messages suggested a large number of eligible people. Third, the purchase intentions of the low need for cognition group were higher when limited-person scarcity messages were present than limited-time scarcity messages, whereas the high need for cognition group was more reactive to limited-time scarcity messages than limited-person scarcity messages. Furthermore, the interaction effect between the need for cognition and scarcity messages was significant. These experimental results may provide strategic implications for sales promotion activities, specifically in regard to the types of scarcity messages that travel and tourism service companies should utilize to strengthen purchase intentions.

Implementasi Program PUSPAGA Dalam Pencegahan Kekerasan Anak di Kota Serang

Children have the same rights guaranteed by the state. Fulfilling children's rights is the responsibility of local governments to improve child-friendly cities through the PUSPAGA program. But the fact is that there are still many children, especially in the city of Serang, who are still victims of violence, which is increasing every year. This research focuses on the implementation of the PUSPAGA Program in preventing child violence in Serang City and aims to find out more about the implementation of the PUSPAGA program in preventing child violence in Serang City using the A Model of Implementation theory according to Van Metter and Van Horn. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods, then the data is analyzed based on the results of observations, interviews and documentation. The results of this research show that the implementation of the PUSPAGA Cahaya Hati Program in preventing violence against children has not been carried out optimally due to the existence of constraints and obstacles, namely the absence of counselors to provide counseling services, the absence of guidance to sub-district cadres related to the PUSPAGA Program, the facilities and infrastructure available. inadequate and there are still minimal outreach and promotional activities carried out due to limited budget funds.

Research on the Optimization of Film Marketing Strategy by New Media

Combining new media and film marketing means has become an indispensable part of today’s film industry. This study focuses on the influence of the popularity of new media on film marketing. With the popularity of the internet and the rise of new media, film marketing is facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges. New media platforms, such as social media and video-sharing websites, provide a wide range of communication channels for movies, making movie trailers, posters, and promotional activities spread to the audience quickly. Targeted advertising and precision marketing enable filmmakers to target audiences and improve marketing efficiency and return rate accurately. However, new media marketing is also information overload: fierce competition and user privacy. Combining the definition of new media and specific cases, this paper discusses the optimization function of new media on film marketing strategy. By exploring the relationship between new media and film marketing, this paper analyzes the characteristics of new media and its role in specific film marketing success cases and draws the reasons and strategies for using new media in film marketing to achieve good results at present.

Thirty-five years of personalized promotion. The contribution of medicine in the workplace

Abstract Issue/problem Occupational medicine has always had the task of identifying and solving problems caused by exposure to occupational risks and improving the health conditions of workers. This traditional prevention task can be advantageously associated with promotional activities to reduce the incidence of non-communicable diseases. Description of the problem Since the end of the 1980s we have conducted health promotion interventions in the workplace, integrated into the company’s occupational prevention plan. The results, discussed internationally, have allowed the improvement of projects such as the one presented here, aimed at the prevention of cardiovascular and metabolic risks. Results Workers carry out a clinical check integrated with blood chemistry tests, actigraphic measurement of physical activity and sleep, bioimpedance measurement and plicometry, to objectify the data of interest. Furthermore, they keep a food diary and answer questionnaires on lifestyle, stress, and sleep. They receive personalized non-pharmacological treatment aimed at making salutogenic changes to diet, sleep, physical activity, and relaxation methods. They are monitored monthly and carry out a follow-up after six months. The pilot study, conducted on 20 healthcare workers with previously undiagnosed metabolic problems, indicates a significant improvement in abdominal circumference, systolic blood pressure and sleep duration in the third month. Workers report a high level of satisfaction with the initiative, a lower level of occupational stress and a higher quality of sleep. Lessons Accumulated experience demonstrates that projects of this type are feasible, sustainable, and advantageous and can be applied to companies of all sizes, regardless of the quantity of resources available. Key messages • Health promotion in the workplace can contribute to the reduction of chronic non-communicable diseases. • The active participation of workers in health promotion activities contributes to improving job engagement and satisfaction derived from work.

Isolation of Heavy Metal-Tolerant and Anti-Phytopathogenic Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria from Soils.

In this study, by isolating multifunctional soil bacteria that can promote plant development, resist heavy metals, exhibit anti-phytopathogenic action against plant diseases, and produce extracellular enzymes, we hope to improve the effectiveness of phytoremediation techniques. To isolate multifunctional soil bacteria, we used soils with diverse characteristics as isolation sources. To look into the diversity and structural traits of the bacterial communities, We conducted amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene on five types of soils and predicted functional genes using Tax4Fun2. The isolated bacteria were evaluated for their multifunctional capabilities, including heavy metal tolerance, plant growth promotion, anti-phytopathogenic activity, and extracellular enzyme activity. The genes related to plant growth promotion and anti-phytopathogenic activity were most abundant in forest and paddy soils. Burkholderia sp. FZ3 and FZ5 demonstrated excellent heavy metal resistance (≤ 1 mM Cd and ≤ 10 mM Zn), Pantoea sp. FC24 exhibited the highest protease activity (24.90 μmol tyrosine·g-DCW-1·h-1), and Enterobacter sp. PC20 showed superior plant growth promotion, especially in siderophore production. The multifunctional bacteria isolated using traditional methods included three strains (FC24, FZ3, and FZ5) from the forest and one strain (PC20) from paddy field soil. These results indicate that, for the isolation of beneficial soil microorganisms, utilizing target gene information obtained from isolation sources and subsequently exploring target microorganisms is a valuable strategy.

Dementia risk factors and cognitive function in a nationwide population-based sample aged 65+

Abstract Background Cognitive function is fundamental to healthy aging and independent living. As there is no cure for dementia, prevention of risk factors (e. g. physical inactivity, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, social isolation, depression) is crucial. The aim of our study was to analyze selected dementia risk factors and their association with cognitive function in people aged 65 years and older. Methods Cross-sectional data from the nationally representative examination Study on Health of Older People in Germany (Gesundheit 65+) conducted between 2022-2023 by the Robert Koch Institute (n = 1.493; 48% women; mean age 78.8 years). Cognitive function was assessed by the Letter Digit Substitution Test (LDST), a measure of general speed of information processing, and of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease (CERAD) 10-word list delayed recall (WLR), a measure of memory. Weighted associations between age, sex, education, dementia risk scores and z-standardized test scores were examined using linear regression analysis. Results Higher age, male sex and lower level of education were significantly associated with lower z-scores in both tests (all p < 0.001). In separate models, all adjusted for age, sex and education, social isolation was associated with lower performance on both LDST (ß=-0.22; 95% confidence interval -0.42, -0.01) and CERAD WLR (ß=-0.21; -0.41, -0.01); depressive symptoms were associated with lower LDST z-scores (ß=-0.40; -0.67, -0.13), and physical inactivity with lower CERAD WLR z-scores (ß=-0.12; -0.24, -0.01). Obesity, hypertension, and diabetes were not significantly associated with any test. Conclusions Our findings from this nationwide general population study of old and very old adults show a clustering of reduced cognitive function with social isolation, symptoms of mental health impairments, and physical inactivity in old age which call for coordinated intersectoral health promotion and prevention activities. Key messages • The clustering of reduced cognition with dementia risk factors calls for intersectoral health actions. • Limitations in cognition should only be defined by age-, sex-, and education-specific norms.

Empirically exploring the association of health literacy with schoolchildren’s health behaviours

Abstract Background Health literacy (HL) is a modifiable factor contributing to the promotion and maintenance of health and well-being throughout an individual’s life. Identified as a priority in Wales, UK in 2010, progress has since stalled despite health and education as national policy priorities and international policy growth. There is a gap in understanding of children in Wales’ HL needs, particularly below adolescent age ( < =11 years). Methods This study aimed to scope a measure of children’s HL to be integrated into the existing HAPPEN Cohort Study survey, which collects self-reported health behaviours of children aged 8-11. A review identified the Health Literacy of School-Aged Children (HLSAC) tool which conceptualises health literacy as a learning outcome. A convenience sample of n = 15 primary schools were recruited in April 2023 through HAPPEN and n = 669 school children n = 669 completed the online survey between May-June 2023. Results Preliminary data using sum HLSAC scores show a proportion of children with low (20.5%), moderate (52.8%) and high HL (26.8%). Independent samples t-tests comparing mean HLSAC scores with binary self-reported health behaviours show higher HL scores for weekly behaviours (p < 0.05); feeling less tired (0-4 days: 15.1+-4.1, > =5 days 14.5+-3.4), can concentrate (0-4 days: 14.3+-3.6, > =5 days: 15.5+-4.0) and consume less fizzy drinks (0-4 days: 15.0+-3.9, > =5 days: 14.0+-3.8). Further, for can ride a bike (no: 14.3+-4.0, yes: 15.0+-3.9), can swim 25m (no: 14.6+-3.7, yes: 15.1+-4.0), someone active in the household (no: 14.3+-3.8, yes: 15.2+-4.0) and higher health well-being (<7/10: 13.9+-3.5, > =7/10: 15.3+-3.9). This preliminary data will be strengthened with further analyses including regression. Conclusions Associations appear between various important health behaviours spanning physical activity, nutrition, cognition and wellbeing. Capturing children’s HL and health behaviour needs enables targeted health promotion and education activities.