Abstract Leaf chlorosis and senescence are key indicators of prolonged drought stress. In this study, we found that suppressing the chlorophyll b reductase gene (LpNOL) delayed drought-induced leaf chlorosis in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). Through a yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) library screen, we identified a NAC transcription factor, designated Chlorophyll b Degradation Regulator 1 (LpCbDR1), as a direct activator of LpNOL. Subcellular localization analysis confirmed that LpCbDR1 localizes to the nucleus, and its direct binding to the LpNOL promoter was validated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and CUT&Tag-qPCR assays. Overexpression of LpCbDR1 accelerated leaf senescence, whereas knockdown of LpCbDR1 delayed leaf senescence. Notably, LpCbDR1’s expression was not only upregulated during leaf senescence but also induced by osmotic stress, promoting further investigation into its role and underlying mechanisms in regulating drought tolerance. Phenotypic analysis showed that LpCbDR1-overexpressing lines exhibited significantly higher drought tolerance compared to wild-type (WT) plants, while LpCbDR1-RNAi lines were drought-sensitive than WT. Integrated RNA-seq and CUT&Tag analysis identified LpPLA7 and LpERF1B as downstream targets of LpCbDR1. Directly binding of LpCbDR1 to the promoter of LpPLA7 and LpERF1B was confirmed by Y1H, EMSA, and CUT&Tag-qPCR assays. Both LpPLA7 and LpERF1B were drought-inducible, and functional validation revealed that overexpression of either gene enhanced osmotic stress tolerance in both WT and LpCbDR1-RNAi backgrounds. Collectively, this study demonstrates that LpCbDR1 regulates natural, dark-, and drought-induced leaf senescence by activating LpNOL, and improves drought tolerance at least partially through direct activation of LpPLA7 and LpERF1B in perennial ryegrass.

Canonical activation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) by hormone binding occurs at the plasma membrane, resulting in the diffusion of second messengers to intracellular effector sites throughout the cell. In contrast, recent evidence suggests that functional GPCRs can induce signaling from distinct intracellular domains, contributing to specificity in signaling. Functional adrenergic receptors have been identified at intracellular sites in the cardiac myocyte such as endosomes, the sarcoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi, and the inner nuclear membrane. These receptors are key regulators of cardiac physiology, mediating the response of the heart to sympathetic stimulation. Under conditions of prolonged cardiac stress leading to chronic adrenergic receptor stimulation, these receptors stimulate pathways that lead to cardiac pathophysiology such as myocyte hypertrophy, apoptosis, and fibrosis, ultimately leading to heart failure. Hence, significant work has resulted in the pharmacological modulation of β-adrenergic receptors for therapeutic benefit. Here, we discuss how the localization of β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors to different sites within the cardiac myocyte dictates control over specific physiological and pathological events. We discuss how therapeutically targeting receptors at these distinct sites may be used for the treatment of cardiac disease.

Introduction to Hormonal Growth Promotants and Mechanism of Action.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response in ischemic nephropathy: Pathogenic mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies.

ABSTRACT In the context of youth sports, burnout is characterised as a chronic loss of motivation caused by prolonged stress without effective coping. Drawing on Achievement Goal Theory (AGT), previous research has examined the independent and bidirectional interaction effects of motivational climates created by coaches, parents, and peers on youth athletic burnout. However, little is known about potential three-way interactions among these agents and which climate combinations may mitigate burnout. To address this gap, the present study examined such interactive effects of mastery climate (MC) and performance climate (PC), as perceived to be created by coaches, parents, and peers, on burnout in 1,022 Chinese youth athletes (Male = 629, Female = 393, Mage = 17.45 ± 1.11 years). Two significant three-way interaction effects emerged: Coach MC × Parent PC × Peer MC (β = −0.07, t = −1.99, p < .05) and Coach MC × Parent PC × Peer PC (β = 0.08, t = −2.32, p < .05). Visualisation indicated that combinations such as high Coach MC + low Parent PC + high Peer MC and high Coach MC + low Parent PC + low Peer PC buffered burnout. In contrast, low Coach MC + high Parent PC + low Peer MC and low Coach MC + high Parent PC + high Peer PC exacerbated it. These findings highlight the need to move beyond a single-agent focus on athlete motivation research. To effectively combat burnout, fostering a synergistic motivational climate ecosystem through the collaboration of coaches, parents, and peers may be beneficial.

The article is dedicated to the analysis of vulnerable population groups and the peculiarities of their physical condition amid military aggression. The relevance is driven by the health crisis among Ukrainians caused by war, necessitating biopsychosocial adaptation. The study examines veterans, internally displaced persons (IDPs), children, and elderly individuals, highlighting specific disorders: musculoskeletal injuries, reduced endurance, motor delays, and sarcopenia. Influencing factors include chronic stress, hypodynamia, and disrupted routines. The review of publications points to a shortage of unified rehabilitation programs. Methods involve theoretical analysis, anthropometry, and statistics. Comparative analysis suggests differentiated approaches, such as adaptive sports and recreational games, for recovery and strengthening national resilience. This expanded abstract delves deeper into the context. The research addresses the urgent need to mitigate the destructive impacts of full-scale war on somatic and mental health, viewing physical state as a key indicator of adaptation to extreme conditions. Social factors underscore the growing number of trauma-affected individuals, creating a demand for inclusive, adaptive recovery algorithms. The lack of standardized models in Ukraine's physical culture system highlights a methodological void. By resolving this, the study promotes physical education as a tool for individual health improvement and societal durability. Recent literature analysis reveals intensified efforts in adapting rehabilitation to war-specific traumas, focusing on cardiovascular and respiratory disruptions from prolonged stress. Adaptive physical culture positions exercise as a neuroplasticity enhancer against PTSD. Contributions emphasize inclusive sports for veteran reintegration and recreational methods for IDPs to alleviate psychosomatic issues. Yet, long-term efficacy across demographics remains underexplored, shifting toward sensory and breathing techniques to balance the nervous system. Classification categorizes groups by trauma severity: veterans with amputations and stress; IDPs with fatigue from migration; children with motor regressions from confinement; elderly with exacerbated age-related decline. Factors like cortisol-induced catabolism and breathing irregularities compound issues, forming a "war syndrome" intertwining physical and emotional exhaustion. The proposed program integrates physical, psychological, and social elements, verified through anthropometric and physiological assessments, fostering a holistic approach to national recovery.

Background. The article examines the problem of the influence of psychosomatic factors on the formation and modulation of chronic pain syndrome. The growing level of psycho-emotional tension under conditions of social instability, military conflict, economic uncertainty, and information overload activates psychophysiological mechanisms that integrate bodily and emotional reactions. In such circumstances, psychosomatic factors act as predictors of pain regulation disorders, influencing the intensity, duration, and subjective perception of chronic pain. The purpose of the article is to investigate the role of psychosomatic factors in the formation and modulation of chronic pain syndrome, to determine their relationship with emotional-cognitive processes, the level of adaptive resources, and psychophysiological mechanisms of pain regulation. Particular attention is paid to analyzing the influence of anxiety, depression, somatization, and stress resistance on the intensity and dynamics of pain experience, as well as to substantiating the psychological mechanisms that support or reduce chronic pain. The article also considers psychosomatic factors as predictors of higher education students’ adaptation to psychotraumatic situations. Emphasis is placed on internal and external activity factors, the psychological potential of an individual, and its realization under stress conditions. Materials and methods. The use of psychodiagnostic techniques adapted in Ukraine (SCL-90-R, Spielberger-Khanin Anxiety Scale, M. Ovcharova’s “Adap­tability” method, and V. Yustitskis’s stress resistance questionnaire) makes it possible to identify the level of psycho-emotional tension, adaptive resources, and risks of psychosomatic disorders, which form the basis for psychoprophylaxis within the educational environment. Conclusions. Scientific approaches to understanding psychosomatics as an integrative quality that unites psychological and somatic manifestations have been analyzed. The main trends, difficulties, and prospects for studying psychosomatic reactions among student youth have been identified. The results can be used to develop psychoprophylactic and corrective programs in higher education institutions. The study of psychophysiological mar­kers that reflect the interaction of emotional state, anxiety level, depression, and somatization is essential for understanding the body’s adaptive potential under prolonged stress. This approach makes it possible not only to describe the mechanisms of transition from acute to chronic pain but also to justify the directions of psychoprophylaxis and correction in the context of maintaining mental health and increasing individual stress resilience.

High summer temperatures increasingly constrain sweet cherry production, yet field-validated assessments of rootstock resilience remain scarce. To fill this gap, this study presents a pioneering multidimensional evaluation of five widely used sweet cherry rootstocks (Gisela 6, Gisela 12, Krymsk 5, Colt, and Lanting) under prolonged natural heat stress. Morphological traits, leaf anatomical characteristics, antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, POD), lipid peroxidation (MDA), phytohormones (ABA and JA), and osmotic regulators were assessed. Traits with high coefficients of variation, including POD activity, ABA, JA, and soluble protein content, were identified as sensitive indicators of heat stress. Lanting exhibited the strongest heat tolerance, characterized by thicker leaves, fewer heat-induced lesions, and enhanced antioxidant capacity, whereas Gisela 6 showed severe leaf abscission, elevated MDA and ABA accumulation, and the weakest defense capacity. Correlation analysis indicated that root sucker number was positively associated with SOD activity and soluble sugar content, suggesting a potential role of whole-plant carbon allocation in mitigating oxidative stress. Using the Entropy Weight–TOPSIS model, we provided a robust ranking that identifies Lanting and Colt as superior heat-resilient genotypes. The results provide a field-validated framework that bridges the gap between controlled-environment theory and practical orchard management, offering critical guidance for expanding sweet cherry cultivation into high-temperature regions.

In this study, we investigated the effects of high temperature on plasma biochemical indicators and hematological parameters in blunt snout bream ( Megalobrama amblycephala ) following high-temperature stress. The fish (17.72 ±0.05 g) were exposed to two temperature conditions: a control group at ambient temperature (25°C, measured temperature 25.25 ± 0.34°C) and a high-temperature treatment group (34°C, measured temperature 33.07 ± 0.26°C). 6 fish were randomly sampled from each group at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours. The results showed that high temperature significantly affects both plasma and hematological parameters. In the high-temperature group, both alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities initially increased and then decreased with prolonged stress duration. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity reached its lowest point at 48 hours in this group(P &lt; 0.05). Total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) levels in the high-temperature group decreased significantly after 3 hours (P &lt; 0.05). Glucose (Glu) levels in the high-temperature group increased significantly at 24 hours (P &lt; 0.05). As stress duration increased, white blood cell count (WBC), red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB) levels, and hematocrit (HCT) in the high-temperature group all showed an upward trend. The results indicate that high-temperature stress induces pronounced stress responses, liver dysfunction, and adaptive alterations in blood oxygen-carrying capacity in blunt snout bream.

To understand the experiences of burnout and coping strategies among healthcare professionals working in the emergency department of tertiary care public and private hospitals in Karachi. A qualitative exploratory design was employed. One public-sector and one private-sector tertiary care hospital located in Karachi, Pakistan were selected for this study. Audio-recorded in-depth interviews were conducted with a total of 15 healthcare professionals working in the emergency department, which were later transcribed verbatim and analysed inductively. The findings of the study identified two major themes contributing to burnout: individual and organisational themes, along with coping strategies used by healthcare professionals. Individual-level subthemes included emotional distress, arising from ethical dilemmas and constraints within the work environment, and work-life imbalance, where participants experienced difficulty maintaining personal well-being due to professional demands. Organisational-level subthemes included lack of leadership support and recognition, role conflict, inadequate resources, excessive workloads and exposure to workplace violence, all of which contributed significantly to burnout. Healthcare professionals reported both adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies. Adaptive strategies included positive reframing, peer support and relaxation techniques, whereas maladaptive strategies involved venting frustration and, in some cases, substance use to manage prolonged stress. The findings revealed that the experience of burnout is caused by a range of interdependent factors at the individual and organisational levels. Multifaceted interventions are needed to address these issues such as national and emergency department staffing policies, mental health support, resilience training, workload management, flexible scheduling and the promotion of work-life balance.

The professional quality of life of health visitors is a multidimensional construct. The emotionally demanding nature of the profession necessitates a comprehensive examination of both protective and risk factors. The study aimed to explore the personal, job-related, and professional support factors determining the professional quality of life of health visitors, and to identify their positive and negative effects. A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among health visitors (N = 286) who had been practicing for at least two years. Alongside self-developed items, the survey assessed multiple dimensions of professional quality of life using the standardized ProQOL instrument. Higher age was associated with greater work satisfaction and lower emotional overload. A higher level of education was related to a more favourable professional quality of life. Being in a stable relationship functioned as a protective factor. Among job-related characteristics, nurses working in mixed districts experienced greater emotional burden but also reported more positive helping experiences. Substitution increased compassion satisfaction, while prolonged substitution elevated secondary traumatic stress. Professional development activities and case discussions significantly enhanced positive indicators of professional quality of life, whereas limited availability of supervision provided strong protection against burnout and secondary traumatic stress. The findings confirm that personal resources, job characteristics, and professional support systems are all decisive for the mental well-being of health visitors. The regular presence of positive experiences and support mechanisms can mitigate the psychological burden arising from the profession. Strengthening professional support systems and ensuring broader and more accessible provision of continuing education, case discussions and clinical supervision are crucial for improving the professional quality of life and preserving the mental health of health visitors. Orv Hetil. 2026; 167(7): 274-285.

Abstract Background Anxiety disorder, a common type of mental disorder, often manifests in patients under prolonged stress as avoidance behavior, hypervigilance, and decreased motor function. In recent years, intelligent rehabilitation robots have demonstrated potential advantages in the field of neurorehabilitation through their sensing, feedback, and motion guidance technologies. Existing research shows that motor behavior regulation can improve anxiety symptoms by activating the prefrontal-limbic system pathway; however, traditional interventions rely on manual guidance, resulting in poor consistency and insufficient compliance. Intelligent rehabilitation robots, combining behavioral monitoring, motion correction, and real-time feedback mechanisms, can help guide patients to gradually rebuild behavioral patterns in a safe environment. Therefore, this study established a motor behavior intervention experiment to verify the application effect of intelligent rehabilitation robots in the reconstruction of behavioral patterns in patients with anxiety disorder and to explore their potential to promote mood improvement. Methods The study included 80 patients who met the diagnostic criteria for moderate anxiety disorder and randomly assigned them to either a robotic rehabilitation group (n = 40) or a conventional rehabilitation group (n = 40). The robotic rehabilitation group received guided behavioral training using an intelligent rehabilitation robot, three times a week for 45 minutes each time, for 8 weeks. The conventional rehabilitation group received traditional behavioral training from therapists. Anxiety symptoms were measured using the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7). Changes in behavioral patterns were quantitatively assessed using the Behavioral Activation for Depression Scale (BADS), the Behavioral Rhythm Index (BRI), and the Motion Stability Index (MSI). Paired-samples t-tests were used to analyze differences before and after the intervention. Results Eight weeks later, the BADS score in the robotic group increased from 33.8 ± 6.1 to 52.6 ± 7.4, while the score in the control group increased from 34.1 ± 5.9 to 45.1 ± 6.8, with a statistically significant difference in improvement between the two groups (p&amp;lt;.01). The BRI in the robotic group improved from 0.62 ± 0.11 to 0.81 ± 0.10, while the score in the control group increased from 0.63 ± 0.10 to 0.71 ± 0.12 (p&amp;lt;.05). The MSI in the robotic group increased from 72.4 ± 8.3 to 88.1 ± 7.9 (p&amp;lt;.01). Simultaneously, the robotic group also showed significant relief in anxiety symptoms, with the SAS score decreasing from 63.1 ± 6.8 to 45.8 ± 7.1 and the GAD-7 score decreasing from 14.1 ± 3.2 to 8.1 ± 2.9 (both p&amp;lt;.05). Discussion Studies have shown that intelligent rehabilitation robot intervention has a positive effect on behavioral correction and mood improvement in patients with anxiety disorders. Behavioral guidance combined with real-time feedback helps reduce avoidance behaviors and increase participation in physical activity. This method improves patient compliance and the efficiency of behavioral rehabilitation, suggesting that intelligent intervention has scalability in the field of mental health support. Future research could combine simultaneous EEG monitoring and emotion recognition models to optimize robot feedback strategies and explore personalized behavioral reconstruction pathways for different anxiety types. Furthermore, expanding the sample size and extending the follow-up period could analyze the effects of sustained intervention and relapse prevention.

The mental health of students in university has become an increasingly pressing concern due to rising academic pressure, career uncertainty, and major life transitions. Identifying students' psychological support needs requires an understanding of the challenges they face, as well as their expectations regarding support forms, intervention methods, and service providers. This study employed a mixed-methods cross-sectional design, combining large-scale questionnaire surveys (701 respondents) with qualitative interviews to assess the mental health status and psychological support needs of students at economics universities in Vietnam. The findings reveal that students commonly experience negative emotional states, particularly anxiety related to academic workload, financial instability, personal health, and future career orientation. A proportion of students reported depressive symptoms such as persistent sadness, prolonged stress, and physiological disturbances including insomnia and disordered eating. While severe behavioral disorders are uncommon, signs of declining academic motivation, social withdrawal, and weakened interactions with lecturers are evident. Students express a strong demand for mental health support, especially in career guidance, learning strategies, emotional regulation, and interpersonal problem-solving. Individual, professional, confidential counseling services are the most preferred forms of support, highlighting the need for a comprehensive mental health and psychological support system tailored to the context of Vietnamese universities.

Integrated stomatal-wax traits confer sustained tolerance of Pistacia weinmanniifolia to prolonged dry-heat environment.

β-Ga2O3 is rapidly emerging as a leading material for next-generation high-power electronic devices due to its exceptional material properties, such as a high breakdown field and a superior Baliga's figure of merit. Vertical β-Ga2O3 Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) offer advantages, including high on-current density and efficient chip area utilization; however, these benefits also result in elevated power density. Due to the low thermal conductivity of β-Ga2O3, the junction temperature during forward operation is potentially higher than that of SiC and GaN devices, which poses a greater challenge to its long-term reliability. A comprehensive understanding of the on-state reliability for the β-Ga2O3 SBDs is still lacking. Here, we address this gap by employing a measure–stress–measure approach to systematically investigate the real-time degradation and recovery behavior of key performance parameters—turn-on voltage (Von) and on-resistance (Ron)—in the β-Ga2O3 SBDs. We subject these devices to prolonged forward bias stress (5–9 V) and varying temperature conditions (25–125 °C) to assess their degradation characteristics and mechanisms. Notably, at an operating temperature of 125 °C, these β-Ga2O3 SBDs are projected to function reliably for almost a decade at an operating voltage of 1.46 V, assuming a 5% shift in Von as the failure criterion. This exceptional robustness, attributed to both the inherent material properties of β-Ga2O3 and the quality of the β-Ga2O3 Schottky interface, highlights the potential of β-Ga2O3 for long-term, high-performance applications in demanding power electronics.

This qualitative study examines the professional experiences of Arab educational psychologists working in East Jerusalem within a binational municipal psychological service during the months following the events of October 7, 2023. Operating under conditions of intensified socio-political tension, these psychologists were required to navigate complex intersections of personal, national, professional, and organizational identities. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with five Arab educational psychologists, the study explores how heightened insecurity, fear of expression, and political polarization shaped their therapeutic work, relationships with clients and colleagues, and sense of organizational belonging. Thematic analysis revealed processes of internal and organizational splitting, characterized by ambivalence between loyalty to the municipal system and identification with local professional teams, alongside experiences of silencing and professional uncertainty. At the same time, participants described adaptive coping and healing processes that emerged within their home stations, including strengthened peer support, renewed professional meaning, and locally grounded practices that enhanced resilience under chronic stress. A reflexive component authored by senior organizational figures complements the empirical findings and situates them within broader psychodynamic and organizational perspectives. The findings highlight the challenges faced by minority professionals working within state institutions during periods of acute socio-political conflict and underscore the importance of organizational containment, culturally attuned support structures, and reflexive leadership in sustaining professional functioning. Beyond the specific geopolitical context, the study contributes to understanding how professional identity and organizational dynamics are reshaped under conditions of prolonged collective stress.

Single Prolonged Stress (SPS) is a widely used rodent model for investigating the consequences of acute traumatic stress, but outcomes in mice are often variable across strains and behavioral domains. Because corticosterone (CORT) release is a central feature of the stress response, we combined SPS with post-stress CORT administration (SPS + CORT) to capture this hormonal component and unmask latent phenotypes. Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated 1 (HCN1) channels are highly expressed in the dorsal CA1 (dCA1) hippocampus, where they regulate neuronal excitability. We previously demonstrated that acute CORT enhances hyperpolarization-activated current (Ih) in vitro; here, we tested its in vivo contribution to stress-related behavioral and physiological outcomes. Male mice (8-9 weeks old) were exposed to SPS followed by vehicle or CORT. Behavioral assays-including the open field, Y-maze, and contextual fear conditioning-revealed that SPS + CORT mice displayed impaired spatial working memory and deficits in contextual recall and fear extinction, resembling core PTSD-like features. Whole-cell recordings from dCA1 neurons showed decreased input resistance, reduced action potential firing, and elevated Ih, which were normalized by the HCN channel blocker ZD7288. Overexpression of HCN1 in SPS mice reproduced both behavioral and physiological phenotypes seen in SPS + CORT mice, whereas genetic deletion of HCN1 in SPS + CORT mice reduced Ih and rescued the behavioral abnormalities. Together, these findings identify HCN1 channels as a critical mediator linking post-stress glucocorticoid signaling to maladaptive hippocampal plasticity and PTSD-like outcomes.

Global warming has made heat stress a major constraint on grapevine growth and grape production. This study aimed to evaluate the heat tolerance of three prevalent trellis systems-V-shaped (VT), upward-trained pendulous (U-PT), and H-shaped (HT)-for Vitis labruscana × V. vinifera 'Shine Muscat'. We specifically tested the hypothesis that U-PT enhances heat tolerance by optimizing canopy structure to mitigate high-temperature stress, thereby alleviating its negative impacts on stomatal function, chloroplast integrity, and photosynthetic performance. Under summer rain-shelter cultivation, the three trellis systems werecompared using five-year-old 'Shine Muscat' grapevines based on canopy temperature, relative humidity, leaf sunburn, chlorophyll content, stomatal morphology, chloroplast ultrastructure, leaf gas exchange, and chlorophyll fluorescence. Under prolonged heat stress, stomatal aperture dimensions and aperture ratio decreased (p < 0.05) without significant changes in stomatal density (p > 0.05). Chloroplasts displayed volumetric expansion and substantial lipid droplet accumulation, with particularly pronounced chloroplast envelope disintegration in HT. From Day 3 to Day 15 of prolonged high-temperature stress, net photosynthetic rate (P n), stomatal conductance (g s), transpiration rate (T r), intercellular CO₂ concentration (C i), chlorophyll content, and photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) initially increased, peaking on Day 3 or Day 6, then progressively declined. Maximum energy conversion efficiency (F v/F m), actual photochemical efficiency (Φ PSII) and non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) remained stable on Day 3. Subsequently, F v/F m and Φ PSII gradually decreased, while NPQ gradually increased. Comparative analysis revealed U-PT maintained the lowest intensity and shortest duration of high canopy temperatures along with higher canopy relative humidity, exhibited the minimal leaf sunburn damage index, and sustained the highest stomatal aperture, P n, F v/F m, Φ PSII, qP, and chlorophyll content, and most stable chloroplast structure, whereas HT performed poorest. The principal component analysis (PCA) confirmed U-PT as the most heat-tolerant trellis system. These findings could provide insights into the responses and adaptions of grapevines to heat stress and aid in the optimization of heat-tolerant trellis systems under everchanging climatic conditions.

Changes in leukocyte indices of Holstein cows under prolonged heat stress conditions.

Hydrocarbon-based rocket fuels, particularly kerosene grades T-1 and RG-1 used during launch vehicle operations, represent a persistent source of soil contamination in areas impacted by rocket stages. This study quantitatively evaluates the response and recovery dynamics of soil microbial communities in Calcisol (Loamic) soils from the U-25 impact area near the "Baikonur" Cosmodrome (Kazakhstan) under controlled kerosene contamination. Eleven soil samples were monitored over 90 days, including one uncontaminated control and ten samples exposed to increasing concentrations of T-1 or RG-1 (100-15,000 mg/kg). Microbial indicators included total microbial count, actinomycetes, microscopic fungi, and spore-forming bacteria, expressed as CFU/g (mean ± SD, n = 3). Acute exposure caused significant reductions in total microbial abundance (28-58%) and microscopic fungi (43-75%, p ≤ 0.05), indicating pronounced short-term toxicity. By Day 90, bacterial and actinomycete populations exhibited partial to complete recovery, with some treatments exceeding control values, suggesting metabolic adaptation and hydrocarbon utilization. In contrast, fungal populations remained consistently suppressed throughout the experiment, indicating prolonged ecological stress. No strict dose-response relationship was observed, highlighting the influence of soil physicochemical properties on microbial resilience and hydrocarbon bioavailability. These findings identify microscopic fungi as the most sensitive indicators of kerosene contamination, suggesting that indigenous bacterial and actinomycete communities play a key role in natural attenuation. The results provide quantitative thresholds relevant for environmental monitoring and support the development of microbiologically informed bioremediation strategies in areas impacted by rocket launches.