Professor Of History Research Articles

The Second Birth of Christopher Lasch in France: Roots and Mechanisms of a Postmortem Success

How a US intellectual, Marxist sociologist, and history professor, who died in the mid-1990s, eventually became famous in the French public debate of ideas, mainly during the 2010s—nearly 20 years after his death—via a dual form of promotion undertaken and conducted by a “tory anarchist” philosopher, Jean-Claude Michéa, who is a specialist in the works of George Orwell, Marcel Mauss, and Karl Marx. Michéa is nowadays considered the main representative essayist of an atypical “anti-modern socialism,” or “conservative socialism,” a complex ideology in which philosophical illiberalism plays a key role. This is a story of an intellectual throwback to the origins of an astonishing and unexpected rediscovery (or, more precisely, discovery, in this French case), which principally took place in the south of France and began during the end of the 20th century.

On the Posthuman Charm of Slime and Mould

AbstractSlime moulds have no central nervous system and are single‐ cell organisms, yet they can build communities of themselves to create complex, food‐foraging cooperative networks. They are even known to solve mazes in search of something to eat. Mario Carpo, Reyner Banham Professor of Architectural History and Theory at the Bartlett School of Architecture, University College London, explains the unique position of slime moulds in recent complexity and emergence studies.

A Machine Learning Paradigm for Studying Pictorial Realism: How Accurate are Constable's Clouds?

The British landscape painter John Constable is considered foundational for the Realist movement in 19th-century European painting. Constable's painted skies, in particular, were seen as remarkably accurate by his contemporaries, an impression shared by many viewers today. Yet, assessing the accuracy of realist paintings like Constable's is subjective or intuitive, even for professional art historians, making it difficult to say with certainty what set Constable's skies apart from those of his contemporaries. Our goal is to contribute to a more objective understanding of Constable's realism. We propose a new machine-learning-based paradigm for studying pictorial realism in an explainable way. Our framework assesses realism by measuring the similarity between clouds painted by artists noted for their skies, like Constable, and photographs of clouds. The experimental results of cloud classification show that Constable approximates more consistently than his contemporaries the formal features of actual clouds in his paintings. The study, as a novel interdisciplinary approach that combines computer vision and machine learning, meteorology, and art history, is a springboard for broader and deeper analyses of pictorial realism.

Новый взгляд на «Историю монголов» Иоан­на де Плано Карпини

Research objectives: This article analyzes a new edition of the book by the famous Franciscan ambassador to the Mongols, John de Plano Carpini (1182–1252), who made a long journey from Lyon to Central Mongolia in 1245–1247 where he witnessed the enthronement of the khagan, Guyuk (1246–1248). Following the results of his difficult and dangerous journey, he wrote a report “The History of the Mongols,” in which he described quite fully and accurately what he saw and heard. Research results and scientific novelty: The work of Plano Carpini was published in Russian three times: in 1795, 1825 and 1911; the last translation, made by A.I. Malein, was then published more than once and gradually overgrown with comments. However, all these editions cannot be considered fully satisfying the requirements of publishing medieval sources. The new edition in question here meets the standards of modern science. It includes an introductory part, a critical text of the source, its new translation into Russian and detailed comments made by professional medievalist historians. In the comments, various aspects of the Central Asian civilization of the XIII century, with which the Franciscan mission had a chance to come into contact, are covered as fully as possible: material and spiritual culture of nomads, organization of their society, military affairs and many others. Despite the high level of preparation of this publication, some points in it do not exclude an alternative interpretation.

Неизданная статья историка-медиевиста В.Т. Сиротенко о Гоголе

Based on an authorized archival copy, an article about Gogol by medievalist historian Vasily Trofimovich Sirotenko (1915–2006), a professor at Perm, Dnepropetrovsk and Armavir universities, is being published. The article by V.T. Sirotenko, “The Early Middle Ages in the light of N.V. Gogol,” was written in 1978 and deposited in 1990 but is currently inaccessible to the reader. A professional historian notes Gogol’s extensive knowledge of the history of the European Middle Ages and evaluates the writer’s significant contribution to the study of world history. The article is a continuation of the works of numerous researchers and historians, F.A. Vitberg, S.A. Vengerov, G.P. Georgievsky, S.I. Mashinsky, M.P. Alekseev, V.F. Semenov and others, who noted, despite the cartoonish reviews of Gogol by some of his students at St. Petersburg University (in 1834–1835), the writer’s thorough historical erudition, the high scientific level of his university lectures, as well as works of art from world and national history. The publication contributes to the return into scientific circulation of an article by Professor V.T. Sirotenko, unknown to modern researchers, and can serve as a supplement to our article “The Unknown Book of N.V. Gogol 1834: Plan, Context, Reminiscences,” published in the first issue of the journal “Literary Fact” for 2022.

История Гражданской войны в России через призму public history. Сухановский А. Ф. Штык решает. War Diary. Фронтовой дневник. Архангельск: СК-Россия: СК-Столица. 2020. 485 с.

In modern conditions, it seems that the study of the Civil War and the dissemination of knowledge about it is possible using the potential of public history. The attention of professional historians is attracted by a book prepared by the organizer of the search movement A. Sukhanovsky, who has been leading a group of enthusiasts studying the places of battles with the interventionists in the North of Russia for twenty years. The interventionist forces here numbered more than 40 thousand people in 1919. The participants of the search group carried out excavations on the territory of the Arkhangelsk region for 20 years, participated in the creation of the military historical park "Yuryevsky Frontier", which is the only well-preserved complex of fortifications of the Civil War period in Russia. It is now part of the military historical park "Railway Front" in the battlefields of 1918-1919 on the Arkhangelsk-Moscow railway. The title of the book is connected with the decision of the American soldiers of the 339th regiment, who included the motto of the Russian infantry of the Northern Rifle Regiments "Shtyck reshaet" (in Russian) in their coat of arms. It was a manifestation of Americans' respect for the heroism and dedication of political opponents. The book consists of an introduction, six blocks of information ("Soldier's gray hair", "Romance of company "A", "Catching up with the wind", "Combat Patrol", "Russian scars", "Extraordinary adventures of the British in Northern Russia"), divided into 32 parts, which the author called ‘blockhouses’. The author translated and published the memoirs of foreign participants of the events in his book. Among them are the memoirs of Corporal of company "G" 339 of the American regiment J. H. Turnman, fighter pilot K. van der Spye, commander of infantry company "M" J. Moore, J. R. Singleton-Gates. The study presents a translation of a fragment of the book by D. York "The romance of Company A 339th Infantry ANREF". The author presented and interpreted the material historical sources discovered during the survey work. The revealed materials make it possible to recreate the life of combatants and civilians in extreme conditions of armed conflict. A. Sukhanovsky describes the experience of reconstruction of military events in the Russian North in 1918-1919. The review points out the shortcomings of the work in question: the refusal to prepare a bibliographic list, the lack of a description of the history of the photographs given in the publication, taken by Signal Corps USA employees.

The Transformation of Islamic Historiography in the Era of the Caliphate

In the first two centuries of Islam, there was no singular and uniform historiographical tradition, and multiple schools emerged in the regions of Medina, Iraq, Syria, Yemen, and Iran. Gradually, the tension between the perspectives of court historians and other chroniclers, the vastness of Islamic culture, and the relative freedom of historians in employing the method of observation or narration led to the creation of works with different approaches. Nevertheless, Islamic historiography in the third and fourth centuries A.H. shifted towards a narrative-oriented discourse and made less use of analytical and critical perspectives. This article aims, using a comparative-critical method, to provide a brief analysis of the historiographical trends from the first to the fourth centuries A.H. and to compare the historiographical methods and perspectives of the Umayyads and Abbasids. According to the research findings, the Umayyads and Abbasids used history and historians as tools to legitimize their rule and, knowingly or unknowingly, contributed to the spread of certain historiographical distortions and deviations. Eventually, with the beginning of the translation movement and the cultural expansion and assimilation, conditions were created for the flourishing of historiography by historians from the subordinate regions, and the historical perspective of Muslim historians became more global and analytical. This culminated in a new generation of professional historians succeeding in producing distinguished works.

Miesto histórie vo vývoji kultúrnych vzťahov medzi Československom a Talianskom v rokoch 1948 – 1989

The topic of the article is the place of history in the development of cultural relations between Czechoslovakia and Italy between 1948 and 1989. Cultural relations are an inseparable part of bilateral relations between countries, and this is true in the case of the complicated relations between Czechoslovakia and Italy in the period from the rise of the communist regime in Czechoslovakia in 1948 to its demise in 1989. History, in its various forms, also had an indispensable place in these relations. This was due to the general fact that the regime in Czechoslovakia used historical themes and adapted their content as part of its promotional action not only for its own population but also in international relations. It was also due to the specific features of the historical development of the two countries and a number of common features. This paper deals with the wide range of traces that the question of history has left in Czechoslovak-Italian relations. First, it concerns the question of historical scientific research carried out by Slovak and Czech scholars (historians or archivists) in Italy based on a cultural interstate agreement, an agreement between academies of sciences or outside the framework of agreements, and the formal and informal relations between professional historians of both countries. Another aspect examined is the place of historical themes in cultural, popularization and propaganda activities in the form of films, lectures, exhibitions, museums, celebrations.

THE HASHTAG SYLLABUS AS CLASS ASSIGNMENT: FROM CRITICAL INFORMATION LITERACY TO CULTURAL CRITIQUE

In the immediate aftermath of the 2014 murder of 18-year Michael Brown in Missouri, hashtags like #ferguson, #justiceformikebrown, and #handsupdontshoot begin trending on Twitter. At the same time, Marcia Chatelain, Georgetown University Professor of History and American Studies, began crowdsourcing materials for educators trying to address what happened in their classrooms using the hashtag #fergusonsyllabus. What resulted was a list of highly interdisciplinary and multimedia sources including scholarly texts, news stories, songs, poems, films, public addresses, and children’s books. Chatelain’s call spoke both to the present crisis, the murder of a Black teenager by police, and to the historical and cultural context in which this shooting happened. The efforts of Chatelain and the community that came together around this hashtag expanded our understanding of information production and curation and the function of a syllabus beyond the college classroom. In introducing our undergraduate classes to the idea of the hashtag syllabus, we attempt to engage our students in practices of information literacy with the hope of providing them tools to look critically at the inequities that permeate academic and non-academic spaces. Here, we explore the ways in which this format operates in interdisciplinary social science programs and the ways in which it supports unique learning objectives in both introductory and upper-level courses. In doing so, we hope to engage in pedagogical praxis that connects our fields and our students with questions of social justice and to do so in a way that prepares them for meaningful civic engagement.

(Nie)zwyczajna kremlowska codzienność – Fabien Nury, Thierry Robin: "Śmierć Stalina. Prawdziwa historia… radziecka"

The (Un)ordinary Everyday Reality in the Kremlin: Fabien Nury and Thierry Robin’s The Death of Stalin: A True Soviet Story Daily life is usually associated with repetition and the ordinary. There are, however, settings where the quotidian is far from usual or familiar. Marked by dread and uncertainty, the everyday reality in the Kremlin during Joseph Stalin’s era is one such case evocatively presented in Fabien Nury and Thierry Robin’s graphic novel The Death of Stalin: A True Soviet Story. The article demonstrates how history can be artistically reworked through the comic medium. The analysis focuses on the choice of colors, composition of the panels, perspective, and creation of characters, and refers to the postulates put forward by Hillary Chute, Roland Barthes, and Michel Foucault. The paper concludes that the authors of The Death of Stalin not only offer a convincing take on one of the most crucial moments in the history of the Soviet Union and the world but also employ subtle artistic measures typical of comics to recreate the overwhelming atmosphere of everyday life in the Kremlin dominated by omnipresent fear and uncertainty about the future. The insights they offer into the actions of top-ranking communist officials serve as an artistic commentary on the findings of professional historians, inviting further interpretations.

Мари Фавероның жаңа кітабындағы Орданың өзіндік тарихы мен ішкі әлемі

The article is devoted to a review of the new book by Dr. Marie Favereau, professor of history at the University of Paris - Nanterre, “The Horde: How the Mongols Changed the World.” (Marie Favereau. The Horde: How the Mongols Changed the World. Harvard University Press, 2021). The book makes an attempt to present the history of the Horde from the inside, from its own positions. Marie Favero managed to show her own history and the inner world of the Horde, its role and place in world history. For the Kazakh reader, it is important that the history of the Horde ulus, which was located on most of the modern territory of Kazakhstan, received bright, scientific and reliable coverage in the book. Today Kazakhstan positions itself as the heir of the Horde, and in this regard, the author of the book’s opinion is important that the history of the Horde is a common heritage and it cannot belong exclusively to the national narratives of any nation states. The objective history of the Horde depends on the position of historians, and our task is to jointly resist nationalism in science. The first and important element of such a fight is the promotion and popularization of scientific research, one of which is the book under review. In this regard, it is vitally necessary to translate the book not only into other European languages, but also into the languages of the numerous heirs of the Golden Horde, primarily the Kazakh language

Paul Ginsborg (1945–2022)

ABSTRACT Paul Ginsborg was an academic historian, public intellectual and grass-roots political activist. He began his academic career at Queens College, Cambridge, as an undergraduate in 1963 and as a Research Fellow from 1968 to 1971, where he completed a doctoral thesis on Daniele Manin and the Venetian revolution of 1848–1849. He became a lecturer at the University of York in 1972 but relinquished this position to teach temporarily in Milan and Turin before returning to Cambridge in 1980 as a fellow of Churchill College and Lecturer in Politics as part of the Cambridge Social and Political Sciences Committee, later promoted to Reader. In 1991 Ginsborg was appointed Professor of Contemporary European History at the University of Florence where he remained until (official) retirement in 2015. He was an editor of Passato e Presente from 1993 to 2002 and was a founder member of the Association for the Study of Modern Italy; at the time of his death in May 2022 he was its honorary president.

Historiography and comparative constitutional scholarship

History is central to comparative constitutional scholarship. But the methods and approaches of professional history (historiography) are not. This is a problem. Historiography – the critical study of how history is written and applied – provides important historical literacy for comparative constitutional researchers. This article will begin the process of unpacking its implications for CCS. First, historiography helps to counter the use of incorrect, incomplete, or simplified historical accounts. Second, it helps to show both the limitations and possibilities of applying history to contemporary constitutional questions. These historiographical methods can improve the use of history in comparative constitutional scholarship.

BARRIERS AND FACILITATORS TO IMPLEMENTING MEDICARE’S CHRONIC CARE MANAGEMENT IN RURAL PRIMARY CARE

Abstract In 2015, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services introduced Chronic Care Management (CCM) to provide reimbursement to practices for care coordination services necessary to manage chronic conditions among older adults. However, uptake of this program among primary care practices is low, and few Medicare beneficiaries actually receive this service. Implementation of CCM may be even more challenging in rural, low-resourced areas. The purpose of this study was to examine factors associated with more and less successful implementation of CCM within primary care practices located in a rural state. A qualitative study was conducted, which was guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Employees of practices (n = 8) that have implemented CCM were approached for study participation. Members (n = 17) of various healthcare teams were included in the study. Participants completed sociodemographic, professional, and practice history measures and completed a qualitative interview. Participants (n = 17) were predominantly White (n = 16; 94%), female (n = 16; 94%), and represented care coordinators, primary care providers, allied health professionals, and administrators. CrossTX records were analyzed to categorize practices by high and low implementation success. Content analysis, guided by CFIR, identified domains associated with implementation success, including Intervention Characteristics (I.e., Relative Advantage), Outer Setting (e.g., Patient Needs and Resources), Inner Setting (e.g., Implementation Climate, Leadership Engagement), and Process (e.g., Champions). Strategies to address barriers include addressing characteristics of the Inner Setting (e.g., Available Resources). Developing training mechanisms to address staff turnover is critical to address barriers.

ON THE UNIVERSITY CAREER AND SCHOLARLY HERITAGE OF V.A. GEORGIEV (1944-2022)

The article is devoted to the memory of Vladimir Anatolievich Georgiev, Associate Professor of the Faculty of History at Moscow State University, his scholarly heritage and participation in the activities of Professor N.S. Kinyapina’s school in the study of foreign policy of the Russian Empire, especially concerning national peripheries - the Caucasus and Central Asia. The author provides the main facts of Georgiev’s biography, including information about the activities of his parents, who were also professional historians and graduates of the Department of History, Moscow State University. Georgiev was a representative of one of the four generations of this family who graduated from the Faculty of History of Moscow State University. His scholarly career and many years of teaching are connected with the Department of Russian history in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Under the supervision of Professor N.S. Kinyapina he successfully defended his PhD thesis “Russian Foreign Policy in the Middle East in the Late 1830s and Early 1840s” and published a corresponding monograph in the mid-1970s. The article also deals with his major publications in the Soviet and post-Soviet periods, in particular, with his contribution to the collective monograph The Eastern Question in Russian Foreign Policy. From the Late Eighteenth through the Early Twentieth Century. Special attention is paid to the group set up by Georgiev for research on Russian policy in the Caucasus during the imperial period. The article lists all of the students, who studied under his direction from writing student essays to defending dissertations and compiling their own monographs. Georgiev’s multifaceted work on popularization of historical knowledge in text- and handbooks for students and schoolchildren is not forgotten. They are still in great demand and published in large editions. Georgiev also wrote for the Soviet Military Encyclopedia and the Large Russian Encyclopedia.

“The theory of probability”, or How to reconstruct a true biography: book review: Sokolov, B.V. (2023). “It was white - it became red”. Soviet writers in the ranks of the White Guards. Moscow: Veche Publ. (In Russ.)

The review evaluates the book by literary critic and historian Professor B.V. Sokolov, dedicated to the fate of Soviet writers who associated themselves with the White Movement. The work under review makes an attempt to highlight previously little-known episodes of the participation of writers in the Civil War, who were forced for the time being to hide certain pages of their past. It was found that the restoration of authentic biographies faces methodological difficulties.

WHY SHOULD HISTORIANS NOT DISREGARD GENEALOGY? FROM FAMILY HISTORY AND FAMILY MEMORY TO INVESTIGATIVE GENETIC GENEALOGY

The aim of this study is twofold. On the one hand, the article provides an overview of current research in the field of family memory, amateur family history and (genetic) genealogy, emphasizing a few areas that are of interest for professional historians. These include the close links between the stories transmitted in families and family identity, its functioning and family resilience; the potential of family history to reveal alternative versions of the national past; and finally, genetic (DNA) genealogy, which has won the favour of tens of millions of adherents worldwide and which is able to redefine historically traditional social structures such as family or kinship. Investigative genetic genealogy is a fresh and burgeoning field that gives amateur family history new dimensions by including it into the investigative leads of law enforcement authorities. In the second line, the article provides examples of research done in the Czech Republic.

Early Black Thought Leaders and the Reframing of American Intellectual History

Abstract: This essay examines the broad impact of African American thought leadership on early American intellectual history. Though marginalized in many mainstream histories of American intellectual life–which often focus on the emergence of Black philosophers and Black professional historians later in the 19th century -- early national Black thinkers helped shape public understanding of critical ideas in American society and politics, including the meaning of citizenship and civil rights, emancipation and equality, and racial justice. African Americans also influenced public discourses on other key topics in American intellectual life, including the nature of human dignity and spiritual redemption in the Second Great Awakening, the meaning of Romanticism and Transcendentalism in American reform culture, and the authority of science and technology in antebellum society. Using the concept of thought leadership as a framing device to understand the power and impact of early Black ideas, I follow recent trends in the field of African American intellectual history that focus on that way that African American men and women became public authorities on key ideas and issues in American culture between the American Revolution and Civil War. Though they did not often occupy positions of educational, institutional, or legal power (the main provinces of intellectual leadership), Black thought leaders had a significant impact on early American intellectual history.

HOW TO BUILD HR CONTROLLING METRICS, SIMPLY & EASY-TO-USE?

The descriptive field study showcases how the HR controlling “Key Performance Indicators” of an industry leading company (Ongropack Ltd.) have evolved step by step from the state without professional history to the professional level. The milestones are presented in a clear tabular form. Finally, I set up a simple, transparent and efficient dashboard version of the KPI structure (completed with rarely published real company data). The sole source of the field study is the data collection from company databases and HR documents, according to the social constructionist research methodology.

Reconstructing the Past: A Critical Study of Julian Barnes’s The Sense of an Ending

This paper examines how the protagonist of Julian Barnes’s novel The Sense of an Ending (2011), Tony Webster, reconstructs his past through memory and narrative. Tony, an unreliable narrator in his sixties, attempts to decipher the truth and meaning of his past through his fallible memory and limited and insufficient documents. The central argument of the paper posits that Tony’s narration of his personal history holds a comparable level of authority to that found in any traditional historical narration. Therefore, like a professional historian, his narration of the past employs the narrative strategy of emplotment to make his story coherent and persuasive. As Hayden White argued, a historical narration is parallel to storytelling and a historian employs ‘fictive elements’ to make the historical representation comprehensive and sympathetic to the target readers. The paper also throws light on the fragmented depiction of Tony’s past which is effectively linked to his struggle to fully comprehend and cope with his somewhat traumatic history. By incorporating the theories of Hayden White and Pierre Nora to explore the connections and differences between memory, history, and fiction in the novel. The paper contributes to the critical studies of Barnes’s novel by highlighting the ethical and epistemological implications of Tony’s interest in the past and self-historicization, providing a nuanced perspective on the novel.