A theoretical perspective is necessary for developing a research model to explore the phenomenon of seeking professional psychological help. Previous studies on seeking professional psychological help still show inconsistent results from a theoretical perspective. This scoping review aims to conduct a scoping literature review of the theoretical perspectives employed in studies of adults seeking professional psychological help. The research method employs the population, concept, and context (PCC) framework from five databases: Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest (academic journals, dissertations, and theses). The databases were accessed in March 2025, yielding 10 articles that met the inclusion criteria (empirical research articles published in English; context: focus on mental health; concept: theoretical perspective/theoretical framework/conceptual theory of seeking help from professionals/formal settings; population: age >18 years; research methods: quantitative and qualitative). The research findings indicate that seven theoretical perspectives are frequently employed in studies of professional psychological help-seeking behavior: Andersen’s Behavioral Model of Health Services Use, the Theory of Planned Behavior, Bronfenbrenner’s Bioecological Theory, the Commission on Social Determinants of Health, Social Identity Theory, the Person-Centered Approach, and the Health Belief Model. The results of this study provide a foundation for future investigations into the behavior of adults in seeking professional psychological assistance.

Immunization against respiratory viruses among dental surgeons: high personal coverage, low involvement in vaccine promotion.

Purpose The study investigated the impact of Big Five personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness) on knowledge storage behavior of LIS professionals working in academic libraries of Pakistani universities. Design/methodology/approach Census survey technique under the quantitative survey research method was employed by using a questionnaire to collect data. Data were collected from LIS professionals working in public and private sector universities of Punjab province and Islamabad territory. The questionnaire was sent to 534 LIS professionals working in 99 universities in Punjab and Islamabad. 357 questionnaires were received back with a response rate of 69%. Finding The results showed that male LIS professionals were more open-minded, accepted different challenges, and completed the task compared to female librarians. LIS professional were store their knowledge in mobile phone/Ipad and paper based documents. LIS professionals supported knowledge-storing activities by keeping records of organizational policy and procedure changes. The findings further revealed that agreeableness and openness positively impact on knowledge storage behavior of LIS professionals. Conversely, the neuroticism personality trait negatively impacted on the study participants’ knowledge storage behavior. Extraversion and conscientiousness had no any impact on knowledge storage behavior of LIS professionals. Recommendation Based on the study findings, the present study recommended that organizations conduct annual employee personality assessments to facilitate personal growth, development, and continuous improvement. Originality This study contributes to LIS literature by investigating the underexplored field of behavioral research by combining the Big Five personality traits and knowledge acquisition and storage into a single inquiry.

This mixed-method systematic review synthesised quantitative and qualitative empirical evidence on how cognitive dissonance triggered by care experiences and circumstances affects nurses' well-being, professional behaviour, patient care and on the coping strategies nurses use to manage these experiences. Following Joanna Briggs Institute guidance, a convergent integrated synthesis approach combined qualitative and quantitative findings. Sixteen studies were included following a comprehensive search across five databases in August 2024. Sixteen studies were included: 12 qualitative, two quantitative and two mixed-methods. Four key themes were identified: (i) dissonance is triggered by conflicting demands, (ii) dissonance discomfort may generate lasting distress, (iii) dissonance influences nursing practice and quality of care and (iv) dissonance reduction efforts varied. Overall, the evidence base was limited in scope and predominantly qualitative, with included studies generally showing moderate to high methodological quality. Cognitive dissonance is a common but under-recognised challenge in nursing. It arises when actions conflict with professional standards or when nurses are prevented from providing necessary care. If unresolved, it harms nurses' psychological well-being, causing stress, emotional strain and reduced job satisfaction. It may also reduce the quality of care in nursing practice. There is a need for validated measurement tools, longitudinal research exploring long-term impacts and targeted interventions to support nurses. This review is the first to systematically synthesise qualitative and quantitative evidence on cognitive dissonance in nursing. It addresses an important gap by bringing together findings on how dissonance arises in clinical settings, how nurses experience and manage it and its effects on practice and patient care. It also contributes to our understanding of coping strategies nurses use to cope with cognitive dissonance. The findings will support future research, education and interventions aimed at improving care quality and nurse well-being. No patient or public involvement.

With the increasing emphasis on sustainability in health care, it is essential to clarify how work conditions and professional identity influence sustainable behavior in nurses. Decent work environments may contribute to professionalism, which is known to foster sustainable practices. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between decent work practices and self-reported sustainable behavior in nurses, with a focus on the mediating role of professionalism. This cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 206 clinical nurses. Data were collected using validated Arabic versions of the Decent Work Scale, Nurses' Professionalism Inventory, and Self-Reported Sustainable Behavior Scale. Statistical analyses included Pearson correlation, t-tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and mediation analysis. The results revealed significantly positive associations between all of the study variables. Decent work practices were shown to correlate strongly with both professionalism (r=.870) and sustainable behavior (r=.897). Also, professionalism was found to correlate positively with sustainable behavior (r=.823). The results of the mediation analysis confirmed professionalism to significantly mediate the relationship between decent work and sustainable behavior (indirect effect β=0.332, 95% CI [0.194, 0.447]). Decent work conditions enhance professionalism and, as a result, promote sustainable behavior in nurses. These findings underscore the importance of fostering supportive work environments and professionalism to achieve sustainable health care practices. Interventions that enhance decent work and professionalism may play a critical role in advancing sustainability in health care.

ABSTRACT Professionalism is an important construct in emergency medical services (EMS) clinical practice. It encompasses a broad range of characteristics in the affective domain and is critical to the creation of effective EMS clinical and administrative teams. Prehospital clinicians play a unique role on the health care team. They are called to a variety of locations for serious illness or injury at a time a patient or a family member is experiencing a crisis in their lives. Patients trust EMS professionals to enter their home, to respect their autonomy, to provide expert medical care, and to transport them to the right place at the right time. Patient-centered care is the ‘north star’ for EMS clinicians and maintaining professionalism is the core value that allows for quality care of all patients 24/7/365. Under stressful conditions, EMS personnel must manage their attitudes, skills, and abilities to advocate for patients and provide the right interventions. Professional behavior at all levels of the EMS organizational structure leads to confidence in the system, support of the professionals providing care, promotion of teamwork within the health care continuum, public trust, a capable and sustainable workforce, and delivery of excellent patient care. The National Association of EMS Physicians (NAEMSP) recommends: Professionalism should be a core competency of EMS practice for EMS clinicians, educators, medical directors, administrators, and support staff (“EMS personnel”). Professionalism should provide the framework for prehospital clinical care and builds public trust in EMS systems. Professionalism should be incorporated in initial training and in continuing education for all levels of EMS professionals. Professional behaviors should be modeled by EMS administrative staff, educators, and medical directors. Professionalism should be incorporated into daily interactions of the EMS workforce with staff, colleagues, patients and families. Professionalism should be measured and incorporated into quality and performance improvement plans within EMS systems.

Educators' reflections on developing and facilitating a professional pledge ceremony for first-year radiography students.

A paediatrician is a specialist medical practitioner committed to the health and well-being of infants, children and young people. However, curricula for training in paediatrics are predominantly process and content focussed, with some emphasis on professional behaviours, but because of their length do not distil the essence of what it is to be a paediatrician. In this paper, I explore some of the history of paediatrics to build a modern conception of this most marvellous vocation.

Towards primary health care education reform: A reflexive thematic analysis of nursing supervisors' perceptions, experiences and challenges.

This article explores what professional integrity looks like in careers education, information and guidance. It draws illumination from the work of Bill Law, especially the DOTS model which he developed with Tony Watts. It encourages the reader to reflect on their own professional mindset and behaviour as career practitioners, offering questions inspired by the DOTS framework and suggests ways in which applying approaches which we might more usually apply to our clients might help us to develop our professional integrity

Physicians often refrain from disclosing their errors for various reasons, including fear of legal claims and the stigma of incompetence. Engaging in professional behavior requires not only adequate knowledge but also a proper attitude toward the behavior in question. Accordingly, understanding physicians’ attitudes is essential for preventing unprofessional conduct under different circumstances. Consequently, the present study aimed to evaluate the attitudes of medical interns toward the disclosure of medical errors at Iran University of Medical Sciences. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among all interns admitted in 2017 at Iran University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected using the Persian version of the Medical Errors Scale and analyzed with SPSS software version 26. Among the 186 participants, 66% reported having committed a medical error. Only 21% of interns fully disclosed errors that had no significant adverse effects on the patient, and the final outcome was favorable. In contrast, in situations where errors resulted in severe consequences for the patient, 31% of participants fully disclosed the error. The findings indicated that most interns avoid fully disclosing their medical errors. Fear of legal action by patients and concerns about being underestimated by them were the two primary reasons reported by participants for nondisclosure of errors. Therefore, further studies are required to propose effective solutions and improve physicians’ performance and patient safety.

The relevance of the study is determined by the increasing requirements for specialists of resilience centers in ensuring effective interaction with clients experiencing crisis and traumatic situations. The effectiveness of their professional activity depends not only on specialized knowledge and competencies but also on the development of soft skills that enable providing psychological support, establishing trust, and maintaining stability in professional interactions. The article aims to provide theoretical justification for the essence and significance of the soft skills of resilience center specialists as an important component of their professional self-education. The research methodology is based on the methods of theoretical analysis and synthesis of scientific and methodological sources. The results of the study indicate that the development of soft skills includes emotional intelligence, leadership, emotional self-regulation, responsibility, conflict management, effective communication, adaptability, teamwork, as well as critical and creative thinking. The development of these skills contributes to increasing the effectiveness of the professional activity of resilience center specialists, maintaining psychological stability, preventing emotional burnout, and ensuring a high quality of assistance to various categories of clients. The formation and development of soft skills takes place within the framework of continuous professional self-education of resilience center specialists, encompassing a wide range of forms and methods of professional improvement. These include independent study of scholarly and methodological literature, participation in specialized trainings and webinars, engagement in professional communities, undergoing supervision, as well as systematic self-reflection, which enables critical analysis of one’s own experience and adjustment of professional behavior.

Background: Social media has become an influential source of dental information, aesthetic comparison, and treatment expectation formation. In aesthetic dentistry, visually oriented platforms may increase patient awareness but may also promote unrealistic smile standards, misleading product claims, and ethical challenges in online professional communication. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and self-reported practices of dental undergraduates and practitioners in Pakistan regarding the perceived role of social media trends in shaping aesthetic dentistry. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study included 253 dental students and practitioners recruited through online dental groups and academic networks. Data were collected using a structured electronic questionnaire and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 26.0. Descriptive statistics were reported as frequencies and percentages, while associations between categorical variables were assessed using chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests. Results: Females comprised 75.9% of respondents, and the mean age was 25.22 ± 5.17 years. Instagram was the most used platform (74.3%), and 47.0% reported posting aesthetic dental content. Posting differed significantly by designation (χ²=13.150, df=4, p=0.011), with dental students showing the highest reluctance. Ethical concern was he leading reason for not posting (32.0%), while 94.1% supported ethical guidelines. Most respondents counselled patients regarding unrealistic smile expectations (79.8%), with significant variation by designation (χ²=15.832, df=4, p=0.003). Conclusion: Social media substantially influences aesthetic dentistry by shaping professional online behaviour and perceived patient expectations. Structured ethical guidance and digital professionalism training are needed.

The study focused on: 1) The levels of proficiency, challenges experienced at the professional level and forms of development for beginners in educators practicing public elementary school; 2) Report on significant differences between different groups based on demographic variables (age, sex, participation in workshops); and professional (seniority; types of position held), as well as test hypotheses about relationships among dimensions stood out. More specifically, it sought to overcome what the authors identify as gaps in understanding how early career educators respond to pedagogical demands within evolving educational standards and institutional expectations. The analysis revealed that beginning teachers were highly proficient at managing learning environments, curriculum planning, assessment practices and content pedagogy but struggled with instructional challenges involving the delivery of instruction in addition to classroom management and learner engagement. Self-directed learning and peer mentoring exhibit enhancing professional development strategies while pickup on continuing professional education is weak. There were significant differences in indicators of competence and professional growth between the groups based on educational qualification and teaching experience, underscoring the impact of further academic preparation on professional disposition. Correlational analysis also identified low to high positive relationships among proficiencies, instructional challenges and strategies for professional growth, implying that tensions created by differences between desired and actual teaching practice may provoke professional learning behaviour in novice teachers. The results highlight the importance of institutionalized support structures to promote novice teacher sustainment. Through the construction of these themes, it is proposed that early career teaching competence will be aided by structured mentoring, differentiated professional development and research-based instructional support systems. We discuss recommendations pertaining to policy and programmatic interventions that advocate for the use of higher-order thinking instruction, learner-centered pedagogies, and technology-mediated instructional strategies. Education policy makers and school leaders might focus on developing professional learning communities, increasing access to the materials necessary for their instruction, and providing support for workload management in order to enhance teaching. Further studies in contextual and longitudinal perspectives may contribute to exploring the beginning teachers’ competence across diverse educational settings to replicate and generalize current findings. These findings add to the growing evidence that informs teacher development policies and approaches aimed at sustainable improvement of instruction in basic education systems.

Effective patient-provider communication plays an essential role in healthcare outcomes, thus patients with limited English proficiency (LEP) in the United States experience barriers to optimal healthcare. The Hispanic LEP population is growing in many states, while the number of trained medical interpreters has not kept pace with demand. This gap is especially pronounced in rural Kansas, where lack of interpretation services is frequently cited as a barrier to healthcare access. Spanish-speaking community health workers often navigate this process for patients despite lack of formal training or organizational infrastructure support to carry out these duties. To address this need, an intensive Medical Interpreter Training was designed specifically for CHWs in rural Kansas. Spanish- English bilingual CHWs from rural Kansas were recruited for the program, which aimed to build essential knowledge, skills, and professionalism for effective medical and community interpreting. The 5-day, 40-hour training achieved a 91% pass rate, with 20 of 22 participants earning qualification to pursue national medical interpreter certification provided by both the Certification Commission for Healthcare Interpreters and the National Board of Certification for Medical Interpreters. Significant pre-post improvements were observed in confidence, knowledge, understanding, complexity, and comfort across medical interpretation domains; professional behavior remained high at baseline and post-training. Qualitative feedback highlighted the value of interactive role-playing, hands-on activities, and expert instruction, and comprehensive coverage of ethical standards and cultural competence. The CHW-MITP demonstrates that training CHWs in medical interpretation is a feasible strategy that potentially reduces language barriers for Spanish-speaking populations in rural Kansas.

Medication-overuse headache (MOH) is a frequent, disabling, and largely preventable secondary headache disorder, most associated with pre-existing migraine. Since many patients rely on over-the-counter medications and experience long delays before specialist referral, community pharmacists represent key frontline professionals in the identification, counseling, and prevention of medication overuse and MOH. However, data on pharmacists' knowledge and practices regarding migraine and MOH in Italy are still lacking. We conducted a nationwide, cross-sectional survey among Italian pharmacists and pharmacy students using a structured, self-administered questionnaire. The survey assessed demographic characteristics, knowledge of migraine and MOH, dispensing and counseling practices, screening for medication overuse, and referral behaviors. A composite scoring system, the Migraine and Medication Overuse Headache Knowledge and Awareness Scale (MMKAS; range 0-23), was developed by expert consensus to evaluate knowledge and professional behavior. Group comparisons were conducted using independent t-tests or Mann-Whitney U tests and categorical variables were analyzed using chi-square tests with standardized residual post-hoc analysis. For comparisons across more than two groups, one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests were applied, followed by adjusted post-hoc tests. A multivariable linear regression model was performed to identify independent predictors of total MMKAS scores. Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's α coefficient. A total of 271 participants were included (mean age 40.8 ± 11.4 years; 15.5% men), representing all Italian regions. Overall migraine knowledge was generally preserved, whereas awareness of MOH thresholds, preventive strategies, and systematic screening was heterogeneous. Education level was significantly associated with MMKAS performance, while years of professional experience were not. In multivariable analysis, older age and practicing in southern regions were independently associated with higher MMKAS scores. Familiarity with newer preventive therapies, including anti-CGRP pathway drugs, was limited. Italian pharmacists show good general knowledge of migraine but relevant gaps in MOH prevention, systematic screening, and preventive management particularly related to novel anti-CGRP therapeutics. Targeted educational interventions, particularly during undergraduate and early postgraduate training, may strengthen pharmacists' contribution to migraine care and MOH prevention.

Aim: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected healthcare processes in many ways. During this period, when the demand for care increased rapidly, the empathetic behaviors of healthcare professionals, especially nurses, gained even greater importance. The empathetic relationships that nurses establish with patients play a key role in enhancing the quality of care and patient satisfaction. This study aimed to examine nurses’ affective and cognitive empathy levels, their caring behaviors, and the relationship between these two variables, thereby revealing the general characteristics of nurses’ empathy and care approaches during the pandemic.Method: This descriptive study was conducted between March and June 2021 with 137 volunteer nurses working in public and private hospitals in Istanbul. Data were collected using the Descriptive Information Form (DIF), the Emotional and Cognitive Empathy Scale (ECES), and the Caring Behaviors Scale (CBS).Results: The nurses’ mean ECES score was 124.36±7.25, and their mean CBS score was 133.8±10.75. A significant positive correlation was found between empathy levels and caring behaviors, ranging from 21% (p=0.01) to 44% (p=0.001) across total and sub-dimension scores.Conclusion: The nurses’ cognitive and affective empathy levels were found to be moderate, while their caring behaviors were high. The findings indicate that higher empathy levels positively influence caring behaviors. Accordingly, training and practices aimed at improving nurses’ empathy skills are expected to enhance the quality of care. In addition, work environments that support empathy are anticipated to contribute to nurses’ professional satisfaction.

The study aims to theoretically substantiate the peculiarities of forming the gender culture of future border guard officers on the basis of the principle of differentiation. The relevance of the research is conditioned by the transformational processes in Ukrainian society, European integration aspirations, reforms in the security and defence sector, and the growing importance of gender equality in the professional activity of border guard officers. Their professional duties involve interaction with diverse social groups, respect for human rights, and responsible decision-making, which necessitates the development of gender culture during professional training. The research methodology is based on a systemic and competency-based approach, as well as the principles of personality-oriented and activity-based learning. The study also relies on the theoretical foundations of differentiation in education, which ensure the individualization of learning content, methods, and forms according to cadets’ educational needs, experience, and readiness level. The scientific novelty lies in substantiating the role of the principle of differentiation as a pedagogical mechanism for the effective formation of gender culture in future border guard officers. Gender culture is interpreted as an integrative personal-professional construct that includes gender knowledge, value orientations toward equality, critical reflection on stereotypes, and the ability to implement gender-sensitive professional behavior. Conclusion. The formation of gender culture on the basis of differentiation contributes to a more flexible and individualized educational process, enhances cadets’ critical thinking, and supports the development of professional readiness for service in a multicultural and democratic environment. The integration of interactive technologies and gender education further strengthens the effectiveness of this process.

Background: Collaboration between surgeons and anesthesiologists is central to perioperative safety, yet interpersonal and systems barriers within this dyad remain poorly characterized. This qualitative study aimed to identify sources of conflict and practical strategies used by clinicians to improve collaboration during peri-operative care. Study Design: A qualitative phenomenological study was conducted using semi-structured virtual interviews with practicing surgeons and anesthesiologists in the United States. Participants were recruited via respondent-driven snowball sampling to achieve geographic and practice diversity. Forty physicians (20 surgeons and 20 anesthesiologists) from 24 states, ages 31–81 years, were interviewed between February 2022 and June 2024. Transcripts were coded by multidisciplinary investigator teams using qualitative analysis software, with consensus coding and thematic analysis to identify patterns describing barriers to collaboration and strategies promoting effective teamwork. Results: Seven themes describing conflicts and barriers to collaboration were identified: Systems and Professional Identity, Communication, Relationships, Personality Traits, Behaviors, Trainees, and Medical Management. Five themes describing strategies to enhance collaboration emerged: Communication across the pre-, intra-, and post-operative phases; Relationship Building; Team-Building Attitudes; Team-Building Actions; and Rebuilding Trust. Interviewees described practical tactics to strengthen collaboration, including fostering familiarity (eg, introductions and first-name communication), communicating thoroughly (eg, early case discussions, explaining clinical reasoning, announcing intra-operative status changes), and adopting a shared mentality emphasizing openness, respect for expertise, and assuming positive intent. These insights informed development of a clinician-level “toolkit” summarizing actionable behaviors to support effective peri-operative teamwork. Conclusions: Surgeons and anesthesiologists identified multiple interpersonal and systems factors that hinder collaboration but also described practical behaviors that can strengthen working relationships. Deliberate communication, relationship building, and shared team attitudes represent actionable strategies that may improve peri-operative teamwork and support safe, effective patient care.

The medical profession is dedicated to caring for the health of patients, however, it is of paramount importance to prioritise their health. Medical laboratory technicians are emerging as one of the most high-risk professional groups. The aim of this study is to assess the professional competence regarding the standards for the prevention of blood-borne infections and the formed professional behaviour. Methods: An anonymous internal surveillance was conducted on certain aspects of the behaviour of medical laboratory technicians associated with the provision of infection prevention in medical care. Results: Among the studied, all 68 people were women, and the average number of work experience years is 20.13 ± 7.732 years.PPE is removed and disposed of according to the protocol by 61.8% (n=42), but 38.2% (n=26) do not follow the protocol. After completion of work, hands are washed with soap and water and disinfected by 51.5% (n=35), but 48.5% (n=35) do not. Surfaces are cleaned and disinfected by 58.8% (n=40), but 41.2% (n=40) make mistakes or omissions in cleaning and disinfection. Conclusion: The introduction of regular inspections, observations, and feedback can significantly increase compliance with standards for the prevention of HAI infections. Compliance with safety measures by senior laboratory technicians, etc., has an impact on the behaviour of other team members.