Manufacturing Business Research Articles

Design for product upgradability considering remanufacturing outsourcing: A three-level joint optimization approach

Product design and business models play a pivotal role in the transition to a circular economy, emphasizing waste reduction and the preservation of valuable materials. Upgrading products by selectively replacing components that devalue over time proves to be an effective strategy for achieving competitive reutilization. This approach, known as product design for upgradability (DfU), not only enhances product value but also avoids whole product replacement, contributing to the realization of a sustainable society. The prevailing practice of DfU is often examined as a life-cycle characteristic, focusing on configurations of functional, physical, and architectural features to achieve competitive reutilization and extend service life. However, the upgradability of a product is strongly influenced by the practices of remanufacturing enterprises, which commonly adopt outsourcing strategies. Coordinating DfU decisions with remanufacturing and outsourcing presents a critical challenge for the effective operation of product upgrades.To address this challenge, this paper proposes a nonlinear mixed-integer decision model emphasizing a three-level joint optimization (TJO) based on a Stackelberg game. This model aims to determine the optimal solution that maximizes profit for the manufacturer, multiple remanufacturers, and outsourcers. To solve for the optimal decisions, a solution approach combining analytical methods with a nested genetic algorithm (NGA) is developed. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed TJO model are illustrated through a practical case study focusing on engine DfU considering remanufacturing outsourcing. The study identifies optimal DfU, remanufacturing, and outsourcing schemes simultaneously and conducts a sensitivity analysis of key parameters. The results demonstrate that our proposed DfU considering remanufacturing outsourcing strategy effectively improves production efficiency and the competitive advantage of enterprises. Moreover, the proposed TJO model successfully addresses coordination and conflicts between different stakeholders. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into the integration of DfU, remanufacturing, and outsourcing, offering a practical approach to optimizing decisions and improving the overall performance of enterprises in the context of remanufactured products.

The Impact of Transformational Leadership Climate on Business Sustainability and New Product Development Process: Moderating Influence of Strategic Flexibility

Transformational leadership is believed to be crucial factor behind an organization’s success. Studies have been conducted on leaders’ transformational leadership style, but there has been limited research on transformational leadership climate (TLC) in an organization and its effect on new product development process (NPDP) and business sustainability (BS). This study fulfills this gap and it also contributes to the literature by testing the moderating role of strategic flexibility (SF) between TLC and NPDP & BS. The study draws its hypothesis on the basis of contingency theory, upper echelons theory and transformational leadership theory. The authors collected the data from the top managers of private educational institutes affiliated with BISE Multan and used SmartPLS for analyses of data. Based on the analyses of 145 questionnaires, we report that TLC enhances NPDP and BS whereas SF has a significant moderation impact on the relationship between TLC and BS. For the educational institutes, we suggest top management to acknowledge and implement TLC in their organizations for sustaining their performance and for successful launching of new programs/services. Additionally, the importance of resource and coordination flexibility is emphasized for sustainability.

Persepsi nasabah tentang kepuasan dan loyalitas terhadap kualitas layanan di BMT Sukosari

BMT is one form of microfinance institution in Indonesia, this institution is present to develop productive businesses of small and medium economic actors and improve the economic quality of the community in the context of poverty alleviation efforts and support the financing of economic activities, this study aims to determine customer perceptions of the quality of Islamic banking services, investigate the perceptions of Islamic bank users in Sukosari and the reasons they are interested or not Using Islamic banking whether because of sharia considerations or quality. The data collection technique was carried out by distributing questionnaires to 60 BMT Sukosari customers. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. This research is a quantitative research with multiple linear regression data analysis tools with the help of SPSS software version 15.0. The results of this study show that there is a positive and significant influence of customer satisfaction and customer loyalty simultaneously on customer perceptions regarding the quality of service KSPSS BMT Sukosari Branch. Based on the results of simultaneous tests obtained fcalculate values of 46.349 > ftable 3.16 with significant results less than 0.005, which means proving Ha3 is accepted and HO3 is rejected. The results of the coefficient of determination (R2) test with an Adjusted R Square (R2) value of 0.606 or (60.6%) mean that the variables of customer satisfaction and customer loyalty have a significant effect on the perception of service quality of KSPSS BMT Sukosari Branch

Research on the Behavior of Start-up Company Managers

Companies established within five years are usually called startups and are usually characterized by small size, limited resources, innovative business models or products, passionate and energetic founding teams, and multiple challenges. Start-up companies are the vitality and source of social and economic development. All unicorn companies and conglomerates evolve from start-up companies. Today, when social classes are relatively rigid, founding a company is one of the ways to quickly achieve economic freedom and social value, and it is also a core part of promoting social and economic development. This article combs through the relevant literature on the influencing factors of entrepreneur behavior, analyzes the internal and external environment faced by entrepreneurs, and explores entrepreneur behavior based on the personal characteristics of entrepreneurs. It has a certain guiding significance for the behavior of start-up company operators and has a certain guiding significance for policies. It has certain reference significance for framers to better formulate relevant policies to encourage entrepreneurship.

Concept of structure and principles of management of project and product IT management

In the current article, the issues of two related specialties such as project management and product management are raised. The problem of overlapping responsibilities of these two directions and their interaction in terms of project activity is highlighted. In addition, the modern market of projects from various web platforms and the demand for specialists in these fields of activity were analyzed. The main duties and requirements for these specialties are highlighted. As well as areas in which the use of project and product managers is more oriented. IT management is the most important function in an organization because it ensures that the organization's technologies and IT systems are aligned with its shared business goals and that they are used effectively and efficiently. It includes a wide range of tasks and responsibilities, such as: development and implementation of IT strategy and policies, management of IT resources, ensuring security and reliability of IT systems, supervision of development and maintenance of IT systems and applications, management of IT projects, managing relationships with suppliers and other external partners and managing IT budgets and costs. It includes such professions as: business analyst, project manager, product manager and others. As the role of technology continues to play a critical role in the success of organizations, management in IT is becoming an increasingly important function and IT universities know that effective management can help organizations increase their competitiveness, reduce costs and increase the efficiency of their operations. The reason for the transition from general management to PM is often reliability - instead of a relatively abstract perspective to predictable results.The main problem is the overlapping of the duties of specialties and levels of responsibilities in accordance with the roles on the project.

Creative approach to personalizing of hotel services

The article examines the importance of creativity in personalising hotel services to improve the customer experience. The authors discuss various ways to personalise services, including unique offers for each guest, personalised gifts and special attention to detail. The study takes into account the competitive characteristics of the area under investigation, emphasising the benefits of a service-based service delivery model to improve business productivity.

ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ПІДХОДУ ЖИТТЄВОГО ЦИКЛУ ДЛЯ АНАЛІЗУ ГАЛУЗЕВОЇ СПЕЦИФІКУ УПРАВЛІННЯ ВИРОБНИЧИМ ПІДПРИЄМСТВОМ

The article raises the issue of expanding the management toolkit for managers of manufacturing enterprises by structuring business development using the life cycle methodology. The author proposes to separate the life cycles of a product and an operational process for a manufacturing enterprise in order to analyze in more detail the industry specifics of the manufacturing enterprise management model. The authors describe the stages of the life cycle of a product and a production process separately, which allows to more accurately formulate the conditions under which the growth, development and decline of manufacturing enterprises occur. Thus, the presentation of the subject area of the study in the form of a "Process - Product" matrix allows analyzing the variability of approaches to managing the manufacturing business. The paper provides a certain algorithm for choosing an approach to management depending on the market situation and the current position of the enterprise in the competitive struggle. In other words, this tool allows structuring strategic alternatives for further steps of the business in the market. The authors also propose the stages of the life cycle of a manufacturing business, including a description of each stage according to the main characteristics of the management model. The paper provides a basic scenario of the enterprise's movement through the life cycle, taking into account the risks and financial efficiency of the business. Thus, this approach forms a roadmap for business development from a startup to a full-fledged business. The most probable risks for management in making management decisions in the transition between stages are analyzed, the nature of their occurrence and the criteria for their manifestation are identified. Summarizing, it can be concluded that the proposed tools allow expanding the possibilities for the management of the enterprise to make timely and appropriate management decisions.

Innovation and rural context: An exploratory case study of a small rural enterprise from the Czech Republic

This study identifies i) factors that encourage small rural enterprises to innovate and ii) obstacles to introducing innovation. Using a case study of a rural business in the Czech Republic, the paper reveals that although rural businesses may experience innovation barriers, such as inadequate human resources and volatile market conditions, they can innovate, respond quickly and effectively to emerging market circumstances and turn threats into opportunities for growth. Importantly, many of the challenges and opportunities for innovation interplay with each other, with some obstacles becoming a foundation of creative and innovative solutions that help to develop a sustainable, modern and efficient enterprise. We highlight that the innovation of rural enterprises can be an outcome of pull and push factors that influence both product innovation and business innovation processes. Pull factors represent incentives and opportunities to stimulate rural innovation. Push factors, on the other hand, necessitate change and create pressures that must be addressed to ensure business longevity. The paper also shows that successful innovation is not free from agency, with the strategic vision and innovation outlook of business owners being a significant driver of innovation practices. Finally, our study shows that the innovation of rural enterprises depends on local, regional, national and international connections, and goes beyond rural areas, with a ‘think local and act global’ approach helping to harness opportunities in wider markets.

Digital Marketing Development Strategy of Cocoa Products

Purpose: In the context of the issue regarding the implementation of digital marketing strategies for cocoa businesses in West Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, there is a need for an analysis to develop effective solutions. This research aims to analyze the appropriate digital marketing strategies for cocoa product businesses to access a broader market, including the international market. Method: This research employed a qualitative exploratory approach, gathering data through in-depth interviews with relevant stakeholders, data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. We adopted the Miles and Huberman model, which is commonly utilized in the data analysis process for qualitative research. Result and Conclusion: The research findings reveal three primary approaches to developing digital marketing strategies for international market access: (1) Enhancing the readiness of business actors in formulating strategies through digital platforms, such as utilizing websites and social media; (2) Aligning the appropriate international marketing mix, including innovation and creativity in presenting products; (3) Designing a digital marketing framework that aligns with web-based Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). Research Implications: These findings enhance cocoa product business operators' understanding of what is required to implement digital marketing strategies and appropriate international marketing mix in the global market. Originality/value: This study introduces a novel, more intricate model compared to previous research. It emphasizes the necessity of reassessing the international marketing mix within the current landscape of digital transformation. Additionally, it addresses a research gap by focusing on antecedents preceding the adoption of digital marketing, while also exploring the post-adoption experiences of digital marketing, a facet that has received limited attention in prior studies.

Produktivitas Induk dalam Usaha Ternak Kambing Lakor pada Kondisi Pedesaan di Pulau Lakor Kabupaten Maluku Barat Daya

Parent Productivity in the Lakor Goat Farming Business in Rural Conditions on Lakor Island, Southwest Maluku Regency. This research was carried out in May-June 2023 in three villages, namely Letoda, Yamluli and Lolotwara villages. The method used was a survey of 30 Lakor goat breeder respondents who were determined using a simple random sampling method. The research results showed that the average weaning weight of the three sample villages, namely Yamluli Village, was 14.3kg, Lolotwara Village was 14.8kg and Letoda Village was 14.6kg; average body weight of goat kids aged 6-8 months from three sample villages, namely Yamluli Village 19.9kg, Lolotwara Village 24.3 kg and Letoda Village 23.6kg; types of forage in the form of banyan leaves, kusambi leaves and natural/field grass; the number of marriages/pregnancies from the three sample villages, namely Yamluli Village 1.5, Lolotwara Village 1.5, and Letoda Village 1.6 times, type of birth from the three sample villages was single 34.67%, twins 272% and triplets 48, 67%; litter size 3.79 tails, pre-weaning mortality 13.17%; The sex ratio of the three sample villages is Yamluli Village 2.1:2.2, Lolotwara Village 3.5-4 and 3.1:3.2 Tail Village and the lust cycle is 18-24 days. It was concluded that parent productivity in the Lakor goat farming business in rural conditions on Lakor Island, Southwest Maluku Regency is still good because even though the rearing of goats on Lakor Island is semi-intensive, the forage on Lakor Island really fulfills the livestock's needs, resulting in good productivity.

The Impact of Digital Transformation on the High-quality Development of the Manufacturing Industry

The digital transformation of manufacturing industry facilitates enterprises to access and utilize data information to improve the efficiency of resource allocation, expand product and service business models, and accumulate human capital stock to empower the high- quality development of manufacturing industry by creating a large number of databases. This paper adopts panel data of 30 provinces and cities in China from 2011-2020, and uses system GMM to verify the correlation between two variables. It also introduces environmental regulation as a threshold variable to analyze the threshold effect. The results of the study indicated that: firstly, the association between digital transformation of manufacturing industry and high-quality development of manufacturing industry shows a U-shaped relationship, secondly, the digitalization of manufacturing industry exhibits different impact effects on the four dimensions of high-quality development of manufacturing industry, and lastly, only when the environmental regulation is within a certain level, it can have a driving effect on high-quality development of manufacturing industry. Therefore, it is important to grasp the strategic opportunities of digital economy, strengthen the integration of digital economy and traditional industries, accelerate the digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises, and improve the high-quality development of China's manufacturing industry.

A Study on Consumer Perception Towards Green Marketing with Reference to Pondicherry

The history of green marketing dates back to the 1980s when green marketing was first proposed. Climate change, increased globalization and industrialization have increased interest in the green economy among business people and consumers. Recent research shows that businesses are becoming increasingly aware of their social responsibilities. They see social responsibility as a good strategy to create an image in the minds of consumers. As consumers become more concerned about the environment, consumer needs are changing and consumers are willing to have green policies or green products such as low energy consumption (energy saving), organic food, lead-free paint, recycled paper, phosphorus-free hand, etc. disinfectant., electronics, etc.) has become a major driving force. This paper aims to study the perceptions and preferences of consumers in Pondicherry regarding business green and products. Data were collected from 100 participants. Convenience sampling technique was used to select the participants. A convenient questionnaire was used to collect relevant data from the sample participants. The analyzed results show that there is a relationship between consumer awareness and marketing strategies and product research indicating that consumers are green consumers, and it has a positive impact on consumers’ purchasing behavior. .

PERAN LEMBAGA KEUANGAN SYARIAH DAN DAYA TARIK MASYARAKAT TERKHUSUS PADA SEKTOR UMKM

The Islamic Financial Sector (IFS) is a rapidly growing sector in the Islamic economy. IFS operates on Islamic law, so it must always adhere to Islam. IFS plays a crucial role in implementing Islamic principles aimed at helping society achieve prosperity, honesty, and fairness through a profit-sharing system. One of the key players in the Islamic financial sector is Islamic banking, which has a low credit risk, resulting in a sufficient margin for MSMEs. MSMEs, also known as Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM), are a type of productive business owned by individuals or corporations and regulated by Law No. 28 of 2008. UMKM has a significant role in Indonesia's economy. This potential is what motivates Islamic banks to facilitate the provision of loans to MSMEs. As time passes, Islamic banks have become capable of supporting MSMEs, which in turn attract MSMEs to conduct transactions at Islamic banks.

Pelatihan Kelompok Petani Perempuan Desa Kaduara Timur melalui Diversifikasi Olahan Singkong

East Kaduara Village is one of the villages in Pragaan Madura District with the majority of residents working as farmers. The potential commodity in the village is the cassava plant. Farmers generally sell the cassava directly without having to go through a processing process first. Post-harvest processing technology and diversification of processed products made from cassava that have not been implemented have caused the cassava harvest to pile up and have a low selling value, so it needs to be socialized and developed together. This program aims to provide knowledge and skills in processing cassava as a business product for farmwomens in East Kaduara Village. It is also hoped that the processed products resulting from the service can become a mainstay product and characteristic of East Kaduara Village. Service activities consist of providing materials and training followed by distributing questionnaires to measure the level of achievement of the socialization and training carried out. The results showed an increase in participants' skills, insight and productivity regarding the processed and packaged of cassava chips. The results of the observations showed an increase in the participants' skills and insight regarding the processed and packaged of cassava chips. The results of the participants' assessment on the training showed an increase in skills and insight with an average percentage of 75%. Participants showed activity and creativity that fell into the excellent category and enthusiasm which demonstrat in the activeness of the participants asking questions and expressed their ideas in designing packaging label designs and managed cassava chips. Processed chip products also received a positive response from more than 70% of consumer respondents who indicated the product had a selling value.

Generation Gap in the Workforce: A Comparative Analysis of Staff and Technician Perspectives (Study case in manufacturing company PT XYZ)

The idea of the generation gap has evolved as an important and interesting feature in today's employment world. The generation gap refers to the variations in values, attitudes, and expectations among members of different generational cohorts, such as Generation Z, Millennials, Gen X, and Baby Boomers. This study, conducted at Cikarang's PT XYZ manufacturing business, examines the complex dynamics of the generation gap, with a major focus on the final assembly area. Our qualitative study method aims to clarify the various reasons affecting these phenomena and the techniques management uses to go through these intergenerational gaps effectively. This research aims to evaluate the existence of generational gaps inside the company, the complexity of these gaps, and management's activities to resolve them. Management at PT XYZ employs various techniques, such as training programs and mentorship initiatives, to address these intergenerational gaps. In conclusion, this research emphasizes the importance of recognizing and managing these generational gaps, with ongoing adaptation by management being important for sustained organizational success.

HỢP TÁC GIỮA NHÀ TRƯỜNG VỚI DOANH NGHIỆP NHẰM HỖ TRỢ THIẾT THỰC CHO CÔNG TÁC SINH VIÊN, GÓP PHẦN NÂNG CAO CHẤT LƯỢNG ĐÀO TẠO NGUỒN NHÂN LỰC ĐÁP ỨNG NHU CẦU XÃ HỘI Ở TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC VINH

It can be asserted that human resource training should be closely aligned with societal needs, the labor market, and corporate involvement. Consequently, collaboration and partnerships between universities and businesses are essential, as they contribute to enhancing the quality of education, generating direct benefits for society, higher education institutions, companies, and students. This alliance plays a crucial role in fostering a knowledge-based society. Such a relationship not only addresses labor challenges for businesses but also enables universities to enhance the quality of human resource training and transition towards more effective and efficient organizational structures and management. This approach adds value to learners' experiences. Additionally, students have the opportunity to learn, practice, and gain hands-on experience in real-life work environments at production facilities and businesses during their studies. This exposure helps them apply classroom knowledge in practical settings and develop professional skills early on. In conclusion, fostering cooperation between universities and businesses is an effective strategy for promoting mutual development and addressing common interests

Pembinaan dalam Upaya Meminimalisir Resiko Pengembalian Dana Pinjaman Modal Pada UMKM di Bank Wakaf Mikro Syariah Denanyar Jombang

Bank Wakaf Mikro (BWM) Sumber Barokah Denanyar Jombang is one of ten Islamic MFIs in the early stages of the 'Community Empowerment through the Establishment of Islamic MFIs around Pesantren‛ Program facilitated by the Financial Services Authority (OJK) and the Small Business Incubation Center (Pinbuk) by providing loan funds for more productive community business groups. The purpose of this assistance is to provide guidance and direction on the knowledge and implementation of the efforts to be made by the Denanyar Jombang Sharia Micro Waqf Bank in minimizing the risk of capital loans given to MSMEs as business capital. There are three (3) stages in this assistance: Preparation, Implementation and evaluation. The results of the assistance show: (1) An increase in efforts to minimize the risk of capital loans, (2) A decrease in the number of defaults on the risk of returning loan capital (3) An increase in family values and religiosity for customers who make loans.

Fintech: A Stepping Stone Towards Financial Inclusion

Digital transformation underscored as the fourth industrial revolution has led to the emergence of various sophisticated technology-enabled financial services in various fields. One such major innovation called Fintech took place in the field of commerce and management as well. Fintech as the term implies is the combination of two terms Finance and Technology which simply means application of technology in the field of finance. Fintech refers to all the digital technologies that have the potential to transform the provision of financial services spurring the development of new or modify the existing business models, applications, processes, and products. Global adoption of FinTech is rapidly increasing due to its disruptive nature and is largely embraced by the various participants in the financial sector who are under served by traditional financial service providers. There exists a gap in the literature and visualization research on impact and future pathway of FinTech innovations in payments and financial services and role of financial regulations. This study aims to enrich the understanding of FinTech innovations in payments and financing and investigate the correlation and significance of regulatory framework in maintaining a fair ecosystem where the under served sections of the economy are included in the main stream economy. For this purpose, data were collected by using a well-designed Personal Interview Schedule and was circulated to 100 respondents under convenient sampling technique. The collected data were then analyzed with the help of statistical tools like Simple Percentage Analysis, Ranking method and Mean Percentage Analysis. The results of this study imply that the under served sections of the economy still remains the same and also provide a holistic insight to innovations in FinTech

Max headroom: making time and space for Welsh manufacturing SMEs to flourish.

The Welsh manufacturing sector has undergone significant change over the last decade, with new technologies, greater promotion of the circular economy by policymakers, and a competitive environment affected by Brexit, covid and energy price rises, all impacting the business landscape. Consequently, Welsh manufacturing businesses, the vast majority of which are micro, small, or medium-sized enterprises, face issues concerning supply chains, training and skills, innovation, finance, infrastructure, and sustainability. This report summarises a recent study conducted by Swansea University, on behalf of the Federation of Small Businesses (Pickernell et al 2023). The research investigated the issues faced by Welsh small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and identified short-term problems with energy and infrastructure, and difficulties recruiting sufficient qualified staff, as well as a lack of Welsh-based suppliers for many of the resources Welsh SMEs required. The research also highlighted the gap between short-term pressures and long-term vision, but that bridging that gap would allow Welsh manufacturing businesses to place themselves on a more resilient footing, build skills and employment and prepare for future opportunities.

A Model for Customer Opinion Mining and Sentiment Classification using a Mixture of Experts Machine Learning Model

This paper presents customer opinion mining technique based on a Mixture of Experts (MoE) machine learning model. The approach allows a corpus from open source data repositories to be classified into positive, negative and neutral sentiments as the case may be and in a predictive manner. The results of simulations showed that the proposed MoE approach can effectively be used as a core tool in opinion mining and also serve in decision making by appropriate categorizations. In particular, it was found that the use of higher epoch sizes greatly enhances the performance of the MoE by reducing perplexity and error cost margins to appreciable levels. Thus, the MoE presents a promising candidate for customer opinion mining particularly in business product development environments.