The relevance of this study is determined by the fact that improving the efficiency and safety of pipeline system assets is inextricably linked to the improvement of the applied technologies and calculation methods, which require revision due to the presence of certain assumptions. The objective of the study is to evaluate the influence of longitudinal stresses arising from temperature differences on the stress-strain state of the pipeline, to obtain experimental dependences of the process parameters of the overhaul of the linear section of trunk pipelines on longitudinal stresses, to perform a numerical comparison of the experimental results, and to determine the most dangerous combination of loads in the calculation scheme. Using a specially designed rig, experimental studies of the stress-strain state of the pipeline during overhaul with the lifting of the pipeline by pipelayers under the action of longitudinal forces in the pipe wall were conducted. Experimental dependences of the change in the total arising stresses on the presence of longitudinal forces and the process parameters of the overhaul of trunk pipelines on longitudinal forces in the pipe wall were obtained. It has been established that the presence of longitudenal forces in a pipeline due to temperature differences leads to changes in the process parameters of major repairs and an increase in the level of mechanical stresses in the pipe walls, which is confirmed by previously obtained analytical dependencies. The average difference in the maximum stress values with and without compressive longitudinal stresses is 11.78 %, and with and without tensile longitudinal stresses, it is 12.51 %. One of the most dangerous situations is the occurrence of tensile longitudinal forces caused by a negative temperature difference. Recommendations are given for determining the process parameters for major repairs involving trench lifting.

Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) increases sensitivity and specificity compared to digital mammography (DM) in the early detection of breast cancer. The potential of artificial intelligence (AI) for mammographic interpretation resulting in workload reduction is increasingly being reported.Presentation of the current evidence on the efficacy of DBT versus DM in population-based breast cancer screening and its support by AI. Narrative review with topic-led literature search of comparative studies of DBT and DM and review of the use of AI in PubMed from 01/2016 to 09/2025.In 42 international studies, the breast cancer detection rate was significantly higher with DBT + DM (6.4‰) and DBT + synthetic mammography (SM) (7.4‰) than with DM (4.7‰). Concordantly, the randomized TOSYMA study reported a higher invasive breast cancer detection rate with DBT + SM (7.1‰) versus DM (4.8‰) with a lower false-positive recall rate (first round -15.6‰). The positive predictive value (PPV) of recall was - consistent with meta-analyses - higher (+4.9%), as was the reading time. With a smaller number of AI studies on DBT than DM, a DBT meta-analysis reported a higher sensitivity of AI alone (89%) than by readers (78%), with a lower specificity of AI. DBT with AI-assisted reading compared to human reading alone increased the detection rate in a prospective study by +3.8‰ without a marked change in the recall rate (+0.8%).DBT increases breast cancer detection compared to DM with more favorable process parameters. AI reporting strategies can further increase sensitivity and reduce human workload. The influence of DBT and AI on reducing the interval cancer rate as a measure of efficiency has not yet been proven. · DBT implementation in population-based breast cancer screening is being reviewed internationally.. · In case of DM replacement, AI reading concepts will become more important.. · Evidence of the long-term effectiveness of DBT and AI is limited.. · Weigel S, Wunderlich P, Sommer A et al. Digital breast tomosynthesis and reading with artificial intelligence. Rofo 2026; DOI 10.1055/a-2796-5225.

ZnS crystals are critical infrared optical materials for national defense development. However, their soft-brittle and polycrystalline nature poses significant challenges to achieving sub-nanometer precision machining. To address this issue, a hybrid process combining single-point diamond turning (SPDT) and vibration-assisted magnetorheological finishing (V-MRF) is proposed. SPDT enables rapid shaping but generates periodic tool marks, while V-MRF disturbs the polishing trajectory to eliminate these tool marks, ultimately realizing sub-nanometer precision polishing of ZnS. In this study, process parameters were optimized to suppress tool marks during both the SPDT and MRF stages. Under the optimal parameters, the SPDT-processed surface achieved a roughness of 1.327 nm RMS with a tool mark amplitude of < 2 nm, and V-MRF further improved the surface quality to a roughness of 0.887 nm RMS with a tool mark amplitude of < 0.9 nm. After V-MRF processing, the surface roughness of the turned surface and the amplitude of the tool marks were reduced by 33.15% and 55%, respectively, proving the correctness of this combined process.

Abstract To better understand variations in spatial concentration, motion paths, and laser-powder interactions during powder descent in laser coaxial feeding, high-speed imaging was used to capture the macro- and micromorphology of the powder stream and particles. Through a combination of grayscale image processing and particle tracking, this study systematically analyzed how different process parameters affect the spatial dynamics of the Ni60 powder. Initially, powder concentration distribution, flight speed, and motion trajectories were analyzed without laser activation, followed by an in-depth examination of laser-powder interaction mechanisms. Findings suggest that grayscale values effectively represent spatial powder concentration, which follows a Gaussian profile. The focal point height increases with carrier gas flow but is independent of the feeding rate. Powder flight speed and trajectory are influenced by both carrier and protective gas flows. Increased laser power allows more powder particles to interact stably with the laser; increased carrier gas flow accelerates particle crossing speed, significantly shortening the interaction time.

Polymer powder bed fusion (PBF) is strongly influenced by powder chemistry and powder state, yet many studies discuss the materials and processing conditions in isolation. This review synthesises the literature using a powder-centred framework that connects polymer chemistry and powder production history to measurable powder descriptors, and then links these descriptors to processing windows, defect mechanisms, and application outcomes. Key descriptors include crystallinity and thermal transitions, additive packages, particle size distribution, morphology, and surface texture. Environmental sensitivities are also considered, including moisture uptake, temperature effects, and optical response. These factors are related to powder spreading, energy absorption, and melt solidification or sintering to explain how flowability, packing density, and melt dynamics govern porosity, lack of fusion, distortion, and degradation. Powder qualification is discussed together with lot-to-lot variability and lifecycle effects, including ageing, reuse, and refresh, using the indicators commonly reported in laboratory and production settings and supported by emerging in situ monitoring. Application case studies are consolidated to illustrate how powder state and process control translate into repeatable qualification targets as polymer PBF moves toward a predictable and transferable manufacturing practice.

Multi-scale simulation of thermodynamic behavior and its effect on three-dimensional microstructure evolution in laser welds under different process parameters

Molecular community data meets anaerobic digestion Model 1 (ADM1) - a study about the correlation between metagenome-centric metaproteomics data of a two-step full-scale anaerobic digester and its corresponding mathematical model.

HiGee-intensified ozonation for enhanced inactivation of waterborne antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Strategies to Enhance Stability of Cryopreservation Processes for Cell-Based Products.

P0334 What are the ideal fetal parameters for the testicular migration process to be completed?

Balancing climate impact, resource use, and environmental safety: Assessment of treatment options for lithium-ion battery recycling wastewater.

Development of a digital twin framework for biomass pyrolysis: Leveraging machine learning for enhanced fuel flexibility.

Leveraging digestion-assisted capillary electrophoresis sodium dodecyl sulfate (CE-SDS) to monitor galactosylation in monoclonal antibodies.

Ultrasound-assisted preparation of nanoemulsions co-stabilized by immature nectarine polysaccharide and soy protein isolate.

Influence of fused filament fabrication process parameters on the quasi-static mechanical behaviour and failure mechanisms of 316L stainless steel

Instability mechanisms of overloaded anaerobic digestion: Insights from volatile fatty acid metabolism.

Phosphorus transformation in co-pyrolysis of biogas residue driven by intrinsic Fe/Mg in Fenton sludge: multi-scale mechanisms and enhancement of phosphorus bioavailability.

Optimization for cold atmospheric plasma treatment of oyster (Crassostrea hongkongensis) and its effect on refrigerated quality.

ABSTRACT This paper deals with the effect of welding speed on dissimilar weldment of nickel-based super alloys Inconel 718 with incoloy 800 using Ytterbium fibre laser welding technique. The welding speed of Yb FLW varies as 650 mm/min, 700 mm/min, 750 mm/min, 800 mm/min & 850mm/min by fixing other process parameters of laser power as 750W, duty cycle as 75% and frequency as 5000 Hz. The Vickers microhardness test reveals the highest and lowest hardness as 268 Hv and 208 Hv with the welding speed of 750 mm/min and 850 mm/min respectively. The optical microscope and scanning electron microscope images reveal the characterisation of the above said dissimilar weldment. Laves phase is clear in the SEM images for weldment fabricated at lower speeds and Laves phase vanishes at higher speeds.

Effect of process parameters on bead geometry and microstructure of the stainless steel fabricated by wire arc additive manufacturing