Knowledge Translation Process Research Articles

Knowledge translation in project portfolio decision-making: the role of organizational alignment and information support system in selecting innovative ideas

PurposeThe present study aims to describe the micro-dynamics of decision-making that refer to knowledge translation pursued by organizational actors to see how they affect the travel of new ideas within the managerial practice of Project Portfolio Management (PPM). The study focuses on how the alignment of actors' meanings is reached at the organizational level and how they move towards a common direction by synthesizing information and negotiating meanings across the activities that constitute PPM. The study also investigates the intermediation function of information support systems in knowledge translation, which brokers information among those involved in the PPM practice.Design/methodology/approachThis piece of research uses an inductive, qualitative research approach and a methodological combination of case study research and grounded theory to investigate and explore the processes of knowledge transfer and translation enacted by the organizational actors (both human and non-human) involved in innovation portfolio decision-making.FindingsThe findings of this research reveal the sequence of portfolio decision-making process that confirms that PPM occurs not only in a single hierarchical level or meeting, but that decisions are made across different organizational levels in a complex network of relationships where many actors are involved. We also show that the technological artefacts have an intermediate role in knowledge translation.Research limitations/implicationsDespite referring to a single case study, the results discussed in this piece of research provides insightful evidence for academics and practitioners alike. In fact, the paper discusses organizational pre-alignment and alignment as a crucial enabler of knowledge transfer. Moreover, the intermediate role of an information support system is discussed.Practical implicationsOur study highlights the positive effect on actors' meaningful participation in PPM associated with the adoption of information support systems in PPM. Moreover, our results highlight the importance of considering a horizontal perspective in the decision-making process, so that knowledge translation occurs by leveraging on all the actors' breadth of experience and expertise.Originality/valueThis research emphasizes two organizational routines termed as decision- making preparation processes that were identified as key enablers of portfolio decision-making: cross-functional pre-alignment and an information support system.

Early Assessment of Integrated Knowledge Translation Efforts to Mobilize Sex Workers in Their Communities

Researchers have recently increased their efforts to find more effective strategies to reduce the gap between the production of academic knowledge and its uptake in policy and practice. We focus attention on sex workers in Canada who have limited access to societal resources and are hampered by punitive laws prohibiting their work. The initial aim of our study was to work with sex worker organizations and allied agencies to develop a training program for sex workers to help them understand Canada’s most recent criminal justice approach to adult sex commerce. What has emerged from our integrated knowledge translation process during the first year of the study’s operation has been a change to a broader focus on mobilizing sex workers around their occupational and social rights. In this paper, we first give an overview of recent changes in Canada’s prostitution laws and then report qualitative findings from interviews with members of our partner organizations. Interviewees appreciated the change in research direction and the emergent collaborative process among themselves and the authors, but also noted challenges regarding shifting research timelines, balancing power between themselves and the academic researchers, and reaching consensus on research plans among community partners themselves. We discuss the findings in relation to successful knowledge translation strategies that aim to ensure the research questions we ask, and the empirical processes we engage in, are advantageous to those we aim to benefit.

Knowledge translation in Western Australia tertiary paediatric emergency department: An audit cycle of effectiveness of guideline dissemination on bronchiolitis management.

Bronchiolitis is the commonest cause of hospitalisation for infants. Evidence-based Australasian bronchiolitis guideline was developed and introduced in 2017. This audit was to determine if the knowledge translation process of the updated local tertiary hospital bronchiolitis guideline (based on the Australasian guideline) reduced unnecessary interventions. A retrospective chart review of infants with bronchiolitis diagnosis during the pre-guideline (1 July to 31 August 2015) and post-guideline (1 July to 31 August 2017) period, with the primary outcome of the number/proportion of unnecessary interventions. Presentations between 1 July to 31 August 2015 (n = 465) were compared with 2017 (n = 343). There was no difference in undertaking chest X-ray (24 (5.2%) vs. 17 (5.0%), odds ratio (OR) 0.98 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.71-1.35), P = 0.911), salbutamol (23 (4.9%) vs. 10 (2.9%), OR 0.86 (95% CI 0.65-1.13), P = 0.279), glucocorticoids (2 (0.4%) vs. 5 (1.5%), OR 1.89 (95% CI 0.83-4.31), p = 0.129), antibiotics (11 (2.4%) vs. 5 (1.5%), OR 0.86 (95% CI 0.65-1.15), P = 0.307) or nasopharyngeal aspirate (172 (37%) vs. 124 (36.2%), OR 1.00 (95% CI 0.87-1.67), P = 0.937) in hospital. Adrenaline was not administered in both years. There was reduced hospital admissions (303 (65.2%) vs. 192 (56.0%), OR 0.82 (95% CI 0.71-0.95), P = 0.008) with no difference in paediatric intensive care unit admissions (10 (2.2%) vs. 8 (2.3%), OR 1.04 (95% CI 0.65-1.67), P = 0.863). The dissemination process of the updated local hospital bronchiolitis guideline did not show any statistically significant reduction of unnecessary interventions in the hospital. Further studies are required to determine the effective process to instigate changes in health services.

Hacking systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): outcomes of the Waterlupus hackathon.

There is a growing literature demonstrating the benefits of engaging knowledge-users throughout the research process. We engaged a multi-stakeholder team to undertake a hackathon as part of an integrated knowledge translation (iKT) process to develop nonpharmacological interventions to enhance the economic lives of people with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The aims of this research were to (1) increase understanding of the economic challenges of living with SLE through stakeholder engagement at a research hackathon; (2) investigate possible interventions to improve the economic lives of individuals affected by SLE in Canada; and (3) document the outcomes of the Waterlupus hackathon. Waterlupus was held at the University of Waterloo in May 2019, attended by lupus advocacy organization representatives, researchers, physicians, individuals with lived experience and students. We conducted participant observation with participants' understanding and consent; notes from the hackathon were qualitatively analyzed to document hackathon outcomes. At the conclusion of the 28-hour hackathon event, five teams pitched nonpharmacological interventions to address the economic challenges of living with SLE. The winning team's pitch focussed on increasing accessibility of affordable sun-protective clothing. Other Waterlupus outcomes include increased awareness of SLE among participants, and professional and informal networking opportunities. This paper contributes to a limited literature on health hackathons. The successful outcomes of Waterlupus emphasize the value of hackathons as an iKT tool. Research about how knowledge-users perceive hackathons is an important next step.

The sourcing for collaborative knowledge translation in distributed R&D processes: a cross-regional study

PurposeWe explore the impact of a specific knowledge management framework on the quality of innovation, the geographic distribution of R&D and the cross-regional integration. We use directly observed indicators of cross-regional knowledge application within the firm as well as examine collaborative mechanisms that firms may use to promote such knowledge translation.Design/methodology/approachOur analysis is based upon successful patents in biotechnology sector applied for during 2011–2014. The empirical assessment follows a mixed method approach. The sample used for testing the empirical hypotheses is composed of 130,720 patents from 860 large US firms. The sample of patents was obtained from USPTO and NBER dataset.FindingsThe idea of this paper was to introduce a model specifically developed for the process of knowledge translation. This research contributes to the literature related to the emergent and new issue namely collaborative knowledge translation (CKT), especially emphasizing the key role of the knowledge translation practices and tools for the internationalization of R&D teams and supporting the quality of innovations in different ways.Originality/valueThis research is conceptually based on the broader concepts of spiral of knowledge of Nonaka and Takeuchi. In spite of the increasing research in innovation, few studies have been done about the diverse contexts' role in the knowledge flows supporting the innovation development. In the attempt to cover this gap, the objective of this research is to answer the following main research question: How to support and manage the process of knowledge translation in innovation processes occurring in collaborative teams?

Rehabilitation in practice: improving delivery of upper limb rehabilitation for children and young people with acquired brain injuries through the development and implementation of a clinical pathway

Purpose Decision making regarding upper limb assessment and management of children and young people (CYP) with acquired brain injury (ABI) is complex. This project aimed to standardise and improve upper limb provision in one residential rehabilitation unit for CYP with ABI. Methods Plan-do-study-act (PDSA) methodology was used. Available evidence was synthesised and recommendations for assessment and intervention of CYP who present at different functional levels were made. A multi-modal knowledge translation process was used for pathway implementation, with regular review and updates in each PDSA cycle. Audit and staff survey at one year and two years post implementation were conducted. Results A clinical pathway consisting of an assessment decision tree, intervention matrix and evidence based summaries was developed. Audit at one year demonstrated 70% of CYP had an appropriate assessment form, which increased to 82% at two years. Staff survey showed increased knowledge and use of the pathway, and decreased perceived training needs between years one and two. Conclusions Use of an upper limb pathway can standardise care in line with best available evidence, and increase staff confidence in this complex rehabilitation area. Several years of development and implementation were required to embed its use in practice. Implications for rehabilitation Upper limb rehabilitation for CYP with ABI is complex, with no “one size fits all” assessment or intervention techniques available. Developing a pathway in which the evidence for assessment and management interventions for CYP of different functional levels, and recommendations for clinical practice can improve the consistency of assessment and intervention, and staff confidence with upper limb management. A multimodal strategy for implementation planned from the outset of pathway development can facilitate the translation of the pathway into routine clinical practice.

An autoethnographic study of realist knowledge translation within sport development

ABSTRACT Purpose: This paper provides an autoethnographic account of the knowledge translation process taking place between an academic and a sports development practitioner, regarding mobilising a realist approach to sport development practice. Approach: The paper provides autoethnographic accounts of the knowledge translation process from both academic and practitioner points of view. Utilising the active voice allowed both authors to recreate and reflect on their experiences of the knowledge translation process which took place, applying the model put forward by Clavier et al. (2012). Findings: This paper reveals that knowledge translation is neither linear, immediate, or guaranteed to be long-lasting. The findings demonstrate how the power dynamics within the knowledge translation relationship changed over time. Moreover, the reflections demonstrate the impact of mobilising realist practices within sport development. Practical Implications: Highlighting the importance of academics building relationships with key industry stakeholders such as managers and policymakers, the paper reveals that sustainable knowledge translation can only take place if it is done on an organisational level. Research Contribution: Based on the reflections, a model has been produced, demonstrating how knowledge translation manifests itself. The model demonstrates that not one form of knowledge (academic or industry) should be privileged, along with demonstrating the intersection of the two camps.

Patient Oriented Knowledge Translation In Rehabilitation

Background: Billions of dollars have been invested globally in health research, but the knowledge is unlikely to translate into health benefits if it is not being used in clinical practice or by individuals to inform their action. For instance, there is ample evidence that physical activity improves pain, mobility and quality of life in people with osteoarthritis (OA). Yet, physical inactivity in this population is a known public health concern. The purpose of this presentation is to discuss recent research that aims to modernize the process of knowledge translation and enhance health of people with OA.

From chain to net: assessing interdisciplinary contributions to academic impact through narrative case studies

ABSTRACT Interdisciplinary working plays an important role in achieving impact outside academia. One barrier to interdisciplinary working is the lack of mechanisms to assess contributions from outside the primary discipline. Positioning our research in debates about knowledge translation, we analyse the ability of narrative cases to assess the interdisciplinary contribution of one academic discipline, Human Resource Development (HRD), to impact. We take the example of the cases used to assess impact in the UK's 2014 Research Excellence Framework evaluation (REF 2014). While the narrative cases revealed the complexity of knowledge translation and the role of HRD practice in it, their authorship by a single discipline imposed a linear structure and prevented interdisciplinary contributions from HRD academics from being recognised in the formal assessment. To facilitate the assessment of interdisciplinary contributions to academic impact, we propose remodelling the knowledge translation process as a net of cases rather than a single chain.

Continuous Knowledge Translation in Action: Designing a Programmatic Research Trial for Equitable Eye Health for Rural Nepalese Women

Reaching vulnerable populations through programmatic eye health interventions requires a focus on not only the intervention strategies, but the adaptability of the program design process itself. Knowing who is left behind and why solutions that will be effective on the ground at the time of implementation are not necessarily generated. There is a need for eye health programmatic design processes that can trial interventions and allow for continuous knowledge translation along the way. In rural Nepal, women are impacted by multiple and interconnected determinants of health, as well as unique barriers to accessing information and services, requiring targeted programming strategies. This article describes a programmatic design and knowledge translation process that aims to increase women’s uptake of eye health services in rural Nepal. The article outlines key learnings of this knowledge translation process, and how this may contribute to addressing gender equity in eye health.

Evaluation Tools for Physical Activity Programs for Childhood Cancer: A Scoping Review.

Research on the benefits of physical activity (PA) in childhood cancer has been translated into a handful of community-based programs. However, to foster further translation, an understanding of how to evaluate participant outcomes would be beneficial to provide feedback to participants and stimulate future research. Such a review would provide a summary of acceptable tools for work in this area. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify the evaluation tools that have been used in PA/exercise studies or programs for childhood cancer. This review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies included in the review used physical and psychosocial evaluation tools within PA and exercise programs or research for childhood cancer. In addition, studies with measures of health behavior such as PA levels and activities of daily living were included. Tools that assessed physical fitness and physical performance were excluded. Information on the types of evaluation tools used, mean age of participants, and type of cancer was extracted. Psychometric properties of each evaluation tool are reported. The most commonly assessed patient outcomes were motor performance, fatigue, well-being, functional mobility, and quality of life. Less commonly reported patient outcomes were hope, self-efficacy, and self-perception. None of the evaluation tools reported in the PA/exercise and pediatric oncology literature assess physical literacy. This review was the first step in a knowledge translation process, identifying evaluation tools that have been used in PA/exercise programs in childhood cancer survivors, that will guide the development and evaluation of current and future community-based programs.

Systematic review of the use of process evaluations in knowledge translation research

BackgroundExperimental designs for evaluating knowledge translation (KT) interventions can provide strong estimates of effectiveness but offer limited insight into how the intervention worked. Consequently, process evaluations have been used to explore the causal mechanisms at work; however, there are limited standards to guide this work. This study synthesizes current evidence of KT process evaluations to provide future methodological recommendations.MethodsPeer-reviewed search strategies were developed by a health research librarian. Studies had to be in English, published since 1996, and were not excluded based on design. Studies had to (1) be a process evaluation of a KT intervention study in primary health, (2) be a primary research study, and (3) include a licensed healthcare professional delivering or receiving the intervention. A two-step, two-person hybrid screening approach was used for study inclusion with inter-rater reliability ranging from 94 to 95%. Data on study design, data collection, theoretical influences, and approaches used to evaluate the KT intervention, analysis, and outcomes were extracted by two reviewers. Methodological quality was assessed with the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT).ResultsOf the 20,968 articles screened, 226 studies fit our inclusion criteria. The majority of process evaluations used qualitative forms of data collection (43.4%) and individual interviews as the predominant data collection method. 72.1% of studies evaluated barriers and/or facilitators to implementation. 59.7% of process evaluations were stand-alone evaluations. The timing of data collection varied widely with post-intervention data collection being the most frequent (46.0%). Only 38.1% of the studies were informed by theory. Furthermore, 38.9% of studies had MMAT scores of 50 or less indicating poor methodological quality.ConclusionsThere is widespread acceptance that the generalizability of quantitative trials of KT interventions would be significantly enhanced through complementary process evaluations. However, this systematic review found that process evaluations are of mixed quality and lack theoretical guidance. Most process evaluation data collection occurred post-intervention undermining the ability to evaluate the process of implementation. Strong science and methodological guidance is needed to underpin and guide the design and execution of process evaluations in KT science.RegistrationThis study is not registered with PROSPERO.

Developmental Coordination Disorder in Alberta: A Journey into Knowledge Translation

Aim: Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a motor disorder affecting coordination and performance in daily tasks. Studies regarding design and implementation of knowledge translation strategies effecting DCD practice changes in pediatric rehabilitation settings is limited and DCD remains under-recognized and under-diagnosed with an under-utilization of evidence-based practice. This knowledge-to-practice gap was identified in central Alberta, Canada when a lower caseload of clients with DCD and a lower rate of DCD referrals to a neurodevelopmental assessment clinic was observed, given its 5-6% prevalence in children. This paper describes and discusses the development and implementation of a replicable process of knowledge translation for integrating DCD evidence into frontline practice.Methods: Structures such as the Knowledge to Action framework were retrofitted and used to describe activities that occurred during the knowledge translation process. Main activities consisted of: information dissemination; education; addition of DCD to a neurodevelopmental assessment clinic; and development of a Community of Practice. Outcome evaluation methods included surveys, interviews, referral tracking, and database creation.Results: Knowledge translation strategy implementation resulted in increased knowledge among clinicians and community stakeholders, process standardization, increased referrals querying DCD, established knowledge brokers, and practice change.Conclusion: Pre-determined and systematic implementation strategy design is essential for embedding evidence into frontline practice.

Exploring knowledge translation practices in a global health program: case study on the establishment of the Pakistan National Maternal, Neonatal, and Child Health Program

To describe the major knowledge translation processes, decisions, and organizations involved in the landmark decision to institute a national, federal program in one of the most populous countries of the world. The Maternal, Newborn and Child Health (MNCH) program was a vertical program that was established in 2006 in Pakistan. Using the case study methodology, we conducted a peer and grey literature review, with key informant in-depth interviews for meeting the study objectives. We used Wilson et al’s Knowledge to Action (K2A) Framework to explore the knowledge translation processes, the major decisions, and the national and international organizations involved during the 7-year period preceding the decision. The time period was selected based on the change in government in late 1998, which continued till the establishment of the national program. Using the framework, we categorized knowledge translation practices and major decisions into phases of research, translation, and institutionalization. We were able to identify 20 organizations that had played a part in the institution of the program, of which six national and international were considered significant towards effecting decisions. While organizations such as the World Bank and Pakistan Ministry of Health played important roles, we highlight the pivotal role of the Health Secretary’s office, as an unusual ‘knowledge broker’ situated within the Government. While effective program planning in low middle-income countries can greatly benefit from knowledge translation practices, explaining processes from evidence generation to the final step of key decisions is valuable in understanding the complexities involved in such settings. The study begins to fill a critical gap in literature in illustrating real-world program planning in resource-constrained countries, lagging in maternal and child health indicators.

Making sense of knowing: Knowledge creation and translation in student occupational therapy practitioners

Background. While the body of evidence regarding knowledge translation (KT) has surged in the past decade, quality information remains largely unknown, especially in occupational therapy (OT). Evidence-based practice within the profession is therefore potentially threatened, necessitating that students are adequately trained and able to translate research into practice when entering the profession. Objective. To explore how OT student practitioners create and translate knowledge in their clinical practice settings. Methods. An open-ended questionnaire was administered to all final-year OT students ( N =24) enrolled at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, in 2016, with a response rate of 71% ( n =17). Data were analysed thematically using an inductive-deductive approach. Results. Strategies used by students in knowledge creation included inquiry through discussions with peers and interactions with stakeholders (lecturers, mentors and clinicians); synthesis by hands-on practice and in the application of knowledge in research projects; and use of knowledge tools (e.g. electronic searches for literature, presentations and seminars) and social media (e.g. instant messages, videos and blogs). KT was enacted by educational meetings for peer development – both student and clinician driven, educational materials and dissemination channels, such as workshops, presentations and in developing communities. Conclusions. This study identified context-specific KT processes and strategies used by OT students. Strategies were simple and accessible within their contexts, and were mainly related to gaining insights geared towards specific OT practice. These findings may assist educators in developing opportunities for students that may enhance their creation and translation of knowledge into practice as clinicians.

Translation of Nutrition Science for the WIC Program and the Impact of Organizational Readiness for Change on Successful Translation (P17-008-19)

ObjectivesTo understand the process of translating nutrition science for the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) and to identify key organizational readiness constructs that will aid in future successful knowledge translation. MethodsWIC food packages translate nutrition evidence into government program practices. In a public health decision-making setting, Knowledge Translation (KT) can be understood as action plans that promote evidence use and facilitate evidence-informed decision-making. A scoping review was conducted to conceptually map 38 available KT strategies with evidence-informed decisions made in public health settings. Next, building on this scoping review, a semi-structured interview guide was developed to analyze KT process and KT success at the state organizational level in the WIC program. Retrospective semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 key informants from 7 WIC state agencies. ResultsInterviewees shared the steps they undertook in order to implement the 2009 WIC regulation changes, and discussed the roles WIC state agencies played in helping to align WIC food packages with the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. In addition, thematic coding revealed key constructs of Organizational Readiness for Knowledge Translation in the WIC program. A WIC state agency could assess its level of readiness for knowledge translation, and implementing evidence-informed regulation changes, in terms of: 1) innovation readiness; 2) personal readiness; and 3) institutional readiness. Innovation readiness refers to the fit between a WIC regulation change and existing WIC program processes and practices. Personal readiness encompasses WIC participant and stakeholder readiness, while institutional readiness incorporates organizational values and goals, organizational contextual factors, and organizational information channels. ConclusionsDecision-makers can use the constructs discovered in this study to understand the KT process of implementing evidence-informed WIC regulation changes, identify factors that could influence states’ ability to be prepared, and gauge “practicality” of future proposed federal rules. Funding SourcesTufts University/University of Connecticut RIDGE Program Grant.

Knowledge Translation to support continuing teacher education

Nowadays teachers face many challenges in maintaining a continuous and high-class professional update in contemporary education. Faced with the need for greater qualification, teachers require not only sound and based training for their pedagogical activities, but resources that allow to reconcile the acquisition of knowledge in the dynamic routine of the classroom. The purpose of this article is to present the extent to which the process of Knowledge Translation (KT) can improve the continued training of teachers in the exact area. It is suggested that the improvement of these professionals can be improved through KT, by sending scientific evidence to individuals, in order to offer potentially useful materials to the teacher's updating activities. Discussions concerning the scenario of training and professional updating of teachers will be presented, highlighting the publications and / or scientific articles as contents and instruments that allow the improvement of the teaching training through the KT process. From the bibliographic survey carried out, it is demonstrated how this process can be applied in the educational area. An intervention was carried out with teachers of the Exact Sciences Area, whose proposal was to send summaries of scientific evidence to the participants, for a few months, in order to attest the effects of KT on the qualification of teachers. This study presents the results and discussions of the impacts generated by the intervention carried out, such as, increase in the frequency that teachers went on to develop some activities or differentiated practices in their teaching units, as well as the level of utilization of the shared content, as a post-intervention period result, showing the potential relevance and applicability of KT in the continued training of teachers.

Project ECHO Chronic Pain: A Qualitative Analysis of Recommendations by Expert Faculty and the Process of Knowledge Translation.

Introduction:Previous studies of the same Project ECHO Chronic Pain cohort demonstrated that recommendations to primary care providers (PCPs) by expert faculty follow CDC Guidelines for Prescribing Opioids and that participating PCPs change their practice accordingly. The purpose of this study was to identify how expert faculty translates knowledge, so that PCPs can act on it.Methods:One hundred ninety-seven PCPs from 82 practices in 14 states attended at least one Project ECHO Chronic Pain session over 10 months, hosted by a large federally qualified health center. Expert faculty was a multidisciplinary panel of six clinicians. Recommendations for 25 randomly selected case presentations were transcribed, yielding 406 discrete units of data. A thematic analysis contributed to a concept map for knowledge translation.Results:Expert faculty addressed psychosocial issues in 40% of recommendations. Three themes represented a familiar clinical decision-making process: recommendations for treatment accounted for risk factors and patient engagement and behavior. A concept map placed the recommendations for selected cases in the first phase of the action cycle in the Knowledge-to-Action framework, where knowledge is shared but not yet acted on.Discussion:Project ECHO Chronic Pain is an example of iterative guided practice, wherein expert faculty use published guidelines and professional experience to make recommendations for patient care to PCPs. This occurs using shared social–cultural–historical language and context consistent with social constructivist theories of learning.

Roadblocks and Opportunities to the Implementation of Novel Therapies for Acute Kidney Injury: A Narrative Review.

Background:Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complex and heterogeneous clinical syndrome with limited effective treatment options. Therefore, a coherent research structure considering AKI pathophysiology, treatment, translation, and implementation is critical to advancing patient care in this area.Purpose of review:In this narrative review, we discuss novel therapies for AKI from their journey from bench to bedside to population and focus on roadblocks and opportunities to their successful implementation.Sources of information:Peer-reviewed articles, opinion pieces from research leaders and research funding agencies, and clinical and research expertise.Methods:This narrative review details the challenges of translation of preclinical studies in AKI and highlights trending research areas and innovative designs in the field. Key developments in preclinical research, clinical trials, and knowledge translation are discussed. Furthermore, this article discusses the current need to involve patients in clinical research and the barriers and opportunities for effective knowledge translation.Key findings:Preclinical studies have largely been unsuccessful in generating novel therapies for AKI, due both to the complexity and heterogeneity of the disease, as well as the limitations of commonly available preclinical models of AKI. The emergence of kidney organoid technology may be an opportunity to reverse this trend. However, the roadblocks encountered at the bench have not precluded researchers from running well-designed and impactful clinical trials, and the field of renal replacement therapy in AKI is highlighted as an area that has been particularly active. Meanwhile, knowledge translation initiatives are bolstered by the presence of large administrative databases to permit ongoing monitoring of clinical practices and outcomes, with research output from such evaluations having the potential to directly impact patient care and inform the generation of meaningful clinical practice guidelines.Limitations:There are limited objective data examining the process of knowledge creation and translation in AKI, and as such the opinions and research areas of the authors are significantly drawn upon in the discussion.Implications:The use of an organized knowledge-to-action framework involving multiple stakeholders, especially patient partners, is critical to translating basic research findings to improvements in patient care in AKI, an area where effective treatment options are lacking.

ScreenABLE: Breast Cancer Screening among Women with Disabilities from Community Identified Challenges to Community-Based Programs

BACKGROUND Women with disabilities are an unrecognized cancer disparities population who experience well-documented barriers to breast cancer screening. There is a critical need for targeted, community-directed programing to address these disparities. OBJECTIVES To describe the trajectory of a long-term community-academic partnership aimed at understanding and addressing breast cancer screening disparities among women with disabilities. METHODS Phase 1 was a thematic qualitative focus group study (n = 40) with women with physical disabilities to understand their breast cancer screening experiences. Phase 2 was the application of an equity-focused knowledge translation (KT) process that brought together breast cancer survivors with disabilities and graduate applied health students in KT collaboratives to create innovative, evidence-informed knowledge products. Phase 3 included the development of community-based programming. RESULTS In phase 1, women with disabilities identified provider and patient barriers to breast cancer screening, including a lack of provider knowledge and respect for individuals with disabilities, lack of accessibility, the history of stigma and mistreatment within the health care setting, and treatment fatigue. In phase 2, KT collaboratives created the short film "ScreenABLE" to educate providers and community members about physical and attitudinal barriers to cancer screening. In phase 3, community, academic, and clinical partners collaborated to create ScreenABLE Saturday, a wellness fair and free accessible mammograms, for women with disabilities with programming developed to directly address cancer screening barriers identified from the phase 1 research. CONCLUSIONS Long-term sustained partnerships between academic, disability, and clinical partners are needed to address the complex issues that perpetuate breast cancer screening disparities among women with disabilities.