Proboscis lateralis is an uncommon craniofacial malformation characterized by the presence of a rudimentary tubular nasal appendage originating from the medial canthal region. The degree of severity varies according to the extent of associated structural involvement, which may include ocular and nasal abnormalities, cleft lip and/or palate, and concurrent intracranial anomalies. Multidisciplinary approach is the mainstay of definite management. We report the case of a 4-month-old infant who presented with a 3-cm tubular lesion arising from the right medial canthus. The lesion contained a central opening with intermittent cerebrospinal fluid leakage, particularly during episodes of crying or straining. The patient was initially misdiagnosed with an ophthalmic disorder and underwent multiple referrals before definitive evaluation at our unit. Computed tomography revealed herniation of a portion of the right frontal lobe through a 2 × 1cm bony defect into the preseptal region. The lesion was excised, and the fascial defect was repaired following plastic and reconstructive surgical principles. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, and the patient was discharged in stable condition 48h later. Corrective management of the right hypoplastic nostril was deferred until late adolescence to address potential functional or cosmetic concerns.

Proboscis lateralis is a rare craniofacial anomaly. It describes a rudimentary nasal structure or appendage that consists of a soft, tubular nose-like structure that originates from the medial portion of the orbital roof. It may be associated with a number of facial and cerebral anomalies. The characteristics of the lesion and associated anomalies, along with the relationship of the lesion to the adjacent structures, must be known before the patient undergoes surgical correction. The patient should undergo multi-modality neuroimaging besides clinical evaluation to determine the exact details of the lesion. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are used as primary modalities before corrective surgery.

Introduction: The lateral proboscis is a rudimentary nasal structure located off the vertical midline of the face. This malformation is often accompanied by other anomalies, most commonly ophthalmic conditions such as anophthalmia, microphthalmia, and colobomas, as well as facial anomalies like maxillary hypoplasia or facial clefts, and cranio-cerebral anomalies including encephalocele and holoprosencephaly. Methods: This report presents a case of a newborn with a lateral proboscis identified at birth. The pregnancy was poorly monitored, and the anomaly was discovered immediately after delivery. Results: The newborn exhibited a lateral proboscis with a rudimentary nasal structure extending from the right side of the face, along with associated ophthalmic anomalies including microphthalmia. No additional facial clefts or cranio-cerebral abnormalities were noted. The infant was managed with early reconstruction plans and supportive care. Discussion: Early reconstruction is recommended, starting at a young age. Cartilaginous or bony support may be considered by the end of adolescence to achieve a satisfactory aesthetic result. This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis and intervention for optimizing outcomes in such rare malformations. Conclusion The presented case of lateral proboscis demonstrates a favorable outcome despite the challenges associated with this rare condition. Early surgical intervention and proper management are crucial for achieving positive results and improving the patient's quality of life.

Abstract Proboscis lateralis (PL) of the nose is a very uncommon craniofacial anomaly characterized by a rudimentary tubular nose-like structure seen a little away from the midline of the face. It may be associated with other anomalies such as heminasal aplasia, mental retardation, callosal agenesis, microphthalmia, heminasal hypoplasia, and atypical clefting syndrome. Patients with this congenital craniofacial malformation need proper evaluation with the help of a computed tomography scan to assess the growth of facial and skull bones. The esthetic aspects and psychological problems are often a concern for patient’s families. The cartilaginous part or bony support of the nose can be reconstructed following proper growth of the face. Here, we presented a male neonate of 15 days with PL of the nose. There was no evidence of cleft lip or cleft palate. Parents were counseled for staged repair at an early age to avoid anxiety and to allow proportionate growth of the nose and face.

Supernumerary nostrils can be divided into three categories: extranostrils added to normal pair of nostrils as simple supernumerary, Proboscis lateralis when only one nostril present and a new nostril develop later, Polyrhinia is described as double set of noses in a single face. GnRH required for growth and manifestation of sexual organs originated at nasal placodes and settles at hypothalamus later. Formation of a new nostril requires a new nasal placode to form and grow.

BackgroundProboscis lateralis (PL) is an uncommon congenital facial deformity marked by the protrusion of a primitive tubular structure made up of skin and soft tissue that generally emerges from the eye's medial canthus and is associated with some craniofacial deformities. We report the first case of PL with multiple craniofacial, neurological, cardiac, and spinal anomalies.Case presentationA full-term female baby delivered by cesarean section cried immediately at birth. The mother reported having a normal pregnancy but has a history of x-ray during her first trimester. The baby was born with a rare presentation of proboscis lateralis which was accompanied by multiple anomalies, including but not limited to bilateral colpocephaly, corpus callosum agenesis, complex cyanotic congenital heart disease, and hemivertebra of the T10 body.ConclusionPL is an uncommon congenital condition that causes a variety of craniofacial abnormalities. Multiple additional defects affecting various organ systems should also be evaluated in a person diagnosed with PL.

Proboscis lateralis is a rare craniofacial anomaly in which a rudimentary nasal appendage arises at the medial canthal area. The severity depends on organ involvement, including eyes, nose, cleft lip/palate, and/or concomitant intracranial anomalies. Here, we present a child with proboscis lateralis and associated trans-ethmoidal encephalocele. We suggest doing the preoperative CT and/or MRI to rule out associated intracranial anomalies and reliably preoperative planning tools. Moreover, we proposed an alternative nasal reconstructive technique using a composite graft from the proboscis mass at the same time as encephalocele repair with promising results.

Proboscis lateralis is an embryological inconsistency which is identified with the middle facial cleft. This outcomes in fragmented arrangement of one side of nose. This underdeveloped nose structure is situated close to the nose but off the midline. It seems like a cylinder and is appended at the undeveloped combination line anytime between the foremost maxillary interaction and the frontonasal cycle. This issue ought to be tended to at an early age and with stage shrewd methodology as this proboscis itself is a valuable design for remaking. We report an instance of proboscis lateralis in a 1-year-old female patient.

VP10.17: Lateral proboscis associated with lip and cleft palate: prenatal approach in abnormal placental invasion case

Proboscis lateralis (PL) is an uncommon facial abnormality presented as soft tubular structure with most often originating from the medial canthal region. PL is an ideal choice for heminose reconstruction, provided started at a younger age. This multiphase treatment implements the planning of cartilaginous supports in the late teenage. A 6-year-old female patient diagnosed with PL, conjoined with craniofacial deformities such as cleft lip and palate is discussed in this case report.

We report a child with Proboscis Lateralis with nasal aplasia and complete agenesis of maxillary and ethmoidal sinuses. This is a rare congenital malformation. Embryological basis has not been proven, and it is often associated with facial malformation. However, no such abnormality was noted in our patient. This condition is diagnosed clinically and confirmed radiologically of which CT scan plays a pivotal role. Reconstructive surgery is planned at the age of fifteen years.

Updates on congenital lacrimal drainage anomalies and their association with syndromes and systemic disorders: A major review

BackgroundNasal abnormalities are rare in bovines. In humans, nasal deformities are mainly classified as proboscis lateralis or supernumerary nostrils. This report discusses the etiology of triple nostrils in a calf, based on computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and endoscopy.Case presentationA female Holstein calf presented with triple nostrils. The following abnormalities were observed: (1) formation of a small and flat blind-ended middle nostril between the right and left nostrils; (2) presence of a hair-bearing surface on the muzzle; (3) abnormal curvature of the nasal septum, resulting in a narrower right nasal cavity due to transformation of the nasal bones; and (4) formation of a bone-like structure within the nasal septum. These findings were similar to those of supernumerary nostrils in humans.ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this represents the first description of a calf with triple nostrils. The use of imaging modalities is necessary for investigating the etiology of triple nostrils.

The arrhinias: Proboscis lateralis literature review and surgical update

A 9-month-old male child born out of nonconsanguineous marriage was brought with the history of abnormally bisected nose since birth (Fig. 1). On examination, the child was able to fix and follow the light in each eye separately, but because of the broad nasal bridge, there was pseudoesotropia. Anterior segment and fundus examination was essentially within normal limits. The external nasal openings were widely displaced on either side with a broad sheet of skin between them; nasal examination revealed patent nasal openings on each side, which were independently opening in the nasopharynx and the nasolacrimal system on each side was patent.Figure 1.: Proboscis Lateralis with deformed nose.There are 4 groups of proboscis lateralis (proboscis is a blind ended tube-like structure located in the midface) according to Khoo. Group I affected individuals will have proboscis lateralis with a normal nose. Group II individuals will have proboscis lateralis with an ipsilateral deformed nose. Similarly, Group III patients will have proboscis lateralis with an ipsilateral deformed nose, eye, and ocular adnexa and Group IV patients have an ipsilateral deformed nose, eye, ocular adnexa, and cleft lip or palate.

Objective: This report aims to describe unique manifestations of proboscis lateralis and highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to address the problems that arise from this rare congenital anomaly.
 Methods: 
 Study Design: Case Report
 Setting: Tertiary Government Hospital
 Patient: One
 Results: A 13 year-old girl diagnosed with proboscis lateralis presented with a trunk-like appendage projecting from the surface of the right supramedial canthal area. She also had clear nasal discharge, nasal congestion, mouth-breathing, and snoring since birth. Paranasal Sinus (PNS) CT scan with 3D reconstruction showed agenesis of the right paranasal sinuses, and expansile aeration of the left paranasal sinuses. Due to her condition, the drainage system of the paranasal sinuses was obstructed, causing chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). This hindered plans for reconstructive surgery despite medical management, hence the patient underwent Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (ESS).
 Conclusion: Proboscis lateralis is a rare congenital anomaly that results in aesthetic problems as well as airway concerns, such as rhinosinusitis and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Management entails a multidisciplinary approach to address functional and aesthetic problems of the patient.
 Keywords: proboscis lateralis, chronic rhinosinusitis, obstructive sleep apnea, endoscopic sinus surgery, multidisciplinary approach, plastic surgery, reconstructive surgery

Introduction: Proboscis lateralis is known as a rare anomaly related to facial fusion defect. The optimal care of the patient with a multidisplinary approach that may involve an ophthalmologist, plastic surgeon, oro-maxillofacial surgeon or otolaryngologist has necessary.Case-report: It's a case note ofa 1 day-old female infant was consulted into our department because of the complaint of nasal anomaly. The physical examination revealed a tubular structure originated from the medial canthal region, an absent left nasal structure or right heminasal hypoplasia with a normal right nasal structure. According to those signs, the diagnostic of proboscis lateralis was given.Discussion: PL is known as a rare anomaly related to facial fusion defect.The precise embryologic mechanism responsible for the development of PL has not been defined.Nowadays, it does not seem to be any racial predilection in proboscis lateralis.In this case, it is very difficult to prove the association between: the embryologic mechanism of PL, the bad follow up of pregnancy, and the prenatal history of exposure to alcohol, drugs auto medicationConclusion: Ignorance and poor management, and lack of equipment yield impossible the care of proboscis lateralis's patient in our context.

Proboscis Lateralis (PL) is a rudimentary nasal appendage which is located off-center from the vertical midline of the face. It is a very rare craniofacial malformation frequently associated with abnormalities of the eyes and/or ocular adnexa. We report a unique case with bilateral ophthalmopathy and choanal atresia.

ABSTRACT Proboscis lateralis (PL) is a rare congenital anomaly with a characteristic appearance. We present such a case in 5-year-old child which was managed by excision. Complete surgical excision at the base of the proboscis is desirable as a primary procedure if there is adequate ipsilateral nasal development or as a delayed excision if the proboscis is to be used in nasal reconstruction. Definitive cosmetic reconstruction with bone or cartilage should be planned at a later age keeping in mind the possibility of further growth and development of the nasal complex, however no such reconstruction was done in the present case as there was no gross asymmetry. How to cite this article Kakkar V, Sharma C, Malik P, Ghanghas B, Bishnoi S, Gulati A. Proboscis Lateralis: A Rare Case. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2014;7(2):83-86.

ABSTRACT Proboscis lateralis is a rare craniofacial malformation frequently associated with congenital ocular abnormalities. These abnormalities included anophthalmia, microphthalmia, microcornea, lenticular opacities, cyclopean eye, and colobomas of the choroid, retina, iris and eyelids. We report a case of unilateral proboscis lateralis in a newborn infant with an associated solid orbital mass. How to cite this article Kaur B, Bansal S, Saikia UN, Gupta P. Congenital Lateral Nasal Proboscis with Orbital Mass. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2014;7(3):139-141.