Problems Of Literary Criticism Research Articles

ИВАНОВ — ГАМЛЕТ ИЛИ ДОН КИХОТ? К ВОПРОСУ О ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННОЙ АНТРОПОЛОГИИ И.С. ТУРГЕНЕВА И А.П. ЧЕХОВА

В работе на материале эссе «Гамлет и Дон Кихот» и драмы «Иванов» ставится проблема схожести взглядов писателей на человеческую природу в принципе. Привлечение философского текста Тургенева позволяет выявить общие черты в художественной антропологии писателей. Автор подчеркивает, что для Тургенева принципиально важной была мысль о присутствии в человеке и гамлетовского, и донкихотского начал. В главном герое драмы Чехова эти начала оказываются органично слиты, образуя оригинальный характер. The article deals with the question of the Turgenev context in the play “Ivanov” by A.P. Chekhov. Chekhov’s interest in the work of his predecessor remains in the center of research attention today. Scientists devote their works to the study of the typological connection of the characters of writers, female images, and consider the problems of literary criticism. For all its fruitfulness and importance, this approach is not sufficient. In this work, based on the material of the essay “Hamlet and Don Quixote” and the drama “Ivanov”, the question of the similarity of the writers’ views on human nature in principle is raised. The main scientific method of research becomes comporative. The use of Turgenev’s philosophical text, rather than an artistic one, makes it possible to identify common features in the writers ‘ artistic anthropology. The author insists that Hamlet and Don Quixote in the image of Turgenev are not only literary types, but the embodiment of one of the facets of human nature, and one without the other is lifeless and does not exist. The traits of Hamlet and Don Quixote are inherent in all people. Setting himself the task of depicting a full-fledged character, a person in all its complexity, Chekhov follows Turgenev’s artistic anthropology. Consistently analyzing the type of Hamlet as described by Turgenev, and comparing the texts of the essay and the play, the author of the article comes to the conclusion that Ivanov fully possesses Hamlet features — egoism, reflection, inability to love. But for Chekhov, the idea that Hamlet is a suffering egoist is no less important, and his suffering is genuine. The hero has no evil will, and by doing bad things, he does not want to hurt others. It is these character traits that lead the hero to suicide. No less important in the hero is the presence of don Quixotic principles-faith, enthusiasm, passion and fervent imagination. These features are inherent in Ivanov in the past and are given rather as a background, but nevertheless they are necessary for the correct reading of the image. The author comes to the conclusion about the extraordinary value of Turgenev’s artistic anthropology for the correct understanding of the drama “Ivanov”.

SPECIFICITY OF PSYCHOLOGY IN A. IVANOV'S NOVEL "RIDING ON A CLOUD"

The article is devoted to one of the urgent problems of literary criticism — the psychology of a work. The object of the study is the novel by the Russian-speaking writer of Kyrgyzstan A. Ivanov, "Riding on a Cloud." The author of the article reveals the essence of the forms and types of psychologism and argues that psychologism in a work of art is one of the forms of embodiment of a certain type of problems, the author’s intention.

The Concept of Post-Non-Classic al Methodological Strategy by Professor Olexander Oguy

The article under discussion is a survey of how a literary concept of a prominent Ukrainian German Studies expert Olexandr Dmytrovych Oguy has been developing on the pages of a scientific journal “Problems of Literary Criticism” from 1993 till 2013. The article traces up the stages of progress of scientist’s methodological strategy concerning the so-called concept of post-non-classicism, beginning with his first article in “The Issues”, where he presented an efficient sample of involving the timeless linguistic universals with the purpose of comparing the typologically similar genre forms. In this way, he managed to prove the authenticity of “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign” in historical-typological comparison with the medieval epic works (Issue 1, 1993). After a 15-year break, O. Oguy’s articles “A Three-Dimensional Poetic Space of ‘Lanzelet’ by Ulrich von Zatzikhoven” (review, 2010), “The Historical-Social Genres in Post-Non-Classical Methodology: the Principles of Classification” (2012), “The Principles of Formation of the Middle Age German Literature: Overcoming the Crisis Stages through New Genres” (2013) were published in the journal. Each of these works contains a distinct conceptual program. The review was not restricted by a mere critical analysis of the work by a German researcher Kai Lorenz. It also highlighted the difference between methodological fundamentals of European and Ukrainian scientific text analyses – “different paradigms of foreign and Ukrainian Medievalist Studies”. This scientific text is a topical “transplantation” of analytic methodology of K. Lorenz into Ukrainian philological practice. It was introduced into scientific circulation as the so-called “trichotomic model” of functional types of the interacting spatial structures. The article “The Historical-Social Genres in Post-Non-Classical Methodology: the Principles of Classification” (Issue 86, 2012) is a vivid example of a profound present-day academic research. It is worth reading for everyone, who deals with literary genres. The scientist made up his mind to tackle the problem of genres due to the ambiguity of the criteria that existed in Post-Soviet Literary Studies. He activated the notion of “synergic approach”, which enabled him to rethink drastically the whole genre system in the Middle Age literature. O. D. Oguy’s last and largest article “The Principles of Formation of the Middle Age German Literature: Overcoming the Crisis Stages through New Genres” appeared in “Problems of Literary Criticism” in 2013 (Issue 88). It impresses the reader with a broad scope application of diachronic principle in a research space, as well as with the methodology of scientific discourse (the so-called “content analysis”, which presupposes the effect of social factors in investigating the cultural phenomena). The comparison of literary artefacts with the events in European history has enabled O. Oguy to determine and classify eight crisis stages (including the prehistory). The latter had been accompanying the formation of the German nation from the early Christian days and the Great Relocation of Peoples till the end of the Middle Ages, as well as had exercised a direct influence on the changes in the literary process.

Систематичний покажчик (1966-2015)

“Classified catalogue of articles” that from 1966 to 2015 were published in the scientific journal “Problems of Literary Criticism” (up to 1991 “Questions of Russian Literature”). It is completed with “Bibliographical entry of the issues for 1966–2015”, “Index of names of the articles’ authors” and “Index of names of research objects”.

Problems of Literary Criticism (Morris Weitz, ''Hamlet'' and the Philosophy of Literary Criticism)

Problems of Literary Criticism (Morris Weitz, ''Hamlet'' and the Philosophy of Literary Criticism)