Problem Of Terrorism Research Articles

Fractured narratives and pop-up diaspora: Re-theorizing the capillaries of power, terror and intimacy

The problem of terrorism is both an immediate threat and a long-term issue of safety and social cohesion, locally and globally. An immediate threat requires relatively straightforward interventions. Our public debates seem to be focusing too much on “fire-fighting” crisis management, and congratulating ourselves on instant emotional displays of solidarity, without paying enough attention to the substantial challenges of developing a broader social consensus, and a culture of mutual respect. More specifically, we need to find new ways to understand how local and global issues intersect, and why the global hegemony of one or two superpowers no longer seems to deliver stability and security (even for themselves). This is particularly true in a world where national borders have less and less relevance for the homogeneity of populations, cultures or values, and where whole communities, for instance, continue practices with impunity which are completely unacceptable to others – as well as being illegal, e.g. female genital mutilation. This paper explores some key theoretical issues which might help us to understand some of the underlying longer-term issues: the articulation of identity, culture, and power, and impact of micro-practices on global cohesion and security. The new globally connected social media have a central role to play in this analysis.

İrlanda da Terör

The problem of terrorism in Ireland was a serious problem for the United Kingdom as well as Ireland itself until 2005 when IRA (Irish Republican Arm) left gun. This is the first reason why it comes to mind as the first one when we think of European terrorist organizations. Thence, IRA has been the subject of several investigations.. We need to look at the historical process in order to understand the causes that give rise to the IRA terrorism. After the British withdrew from the region together with the independence of Ireland, The terror group exposed to 12th century British imperialism and emerged as an opposition in Northern Ireland shaped their organized actions around the Protestant-Catholic conflict. Recenly, the IRA example is discussed often within the framework of the Kurdish problem. In this respect, solution process of the terrorism problem in Ireland has a special importance for Turkey. Therefore, this article puts forward the reason of the IRA terrorism and gives a brief discussion about the basis of terror by comparing two countries.

Problems of State Efficiency and Terrorism in North Africa

Problems of State Efficiency and Terrorism in North Africa

Terrorism, Religious Intolerance and Ethnic Conflict Issues in the National Education Policy - 2010 of Bangladesh: An Exploratory Study

Education is considered an instrument to combat the problems of terrorism, religious antagonism and ethnic intolerance. Bangladesh has been experiencing its share of these problems along with other South Asian countries. The recent adoption of the National Education Policy (NEP) of 2010 has been an opportunity to consider how the education system can help address these problems. However, a lack of consensus about interpretations of the issues of terrorism, ethnicity and intolerance among the major political parties and different religious groups has stymied this effort. NEP-2010 may be seen as a victim of politico-religious disagreements among stakeholders, especially due to a strong position from a part of the Islamic community. The three issues are interrelated in the sense that, firstly, they emerge from a lack of respect for diversity, and secondly, the problems arise as much from ideological views, as from social and economic conditions. By considering these realities, this paper will examine how the problems have been recognized and attempted to counter in NEP. Empirical data on people's perception on NEP and the three issues have been used to buttress the arguments.

Counter-Terrorism, Security and Intelligence in the EU: Governance Challenges for Collection, Exchange and Analysis

In this article we seek to address the emerging role of the European Union (EU) as a security and intelligence actor from the perspective of counter-terrorism. Intelligence as a process and product has been strongly promoted by the EU as a useful and necessary tool in the fight against terrorism, radicalization, organized crime and public order problems. A range of agencies has been established that collect, analyze and operationalize intelligence in view of strategically defined security threats. Examples are Europol and Frontex. This article makes an inventory of their roles and competences in the field of intelligence and looks at the list of instruments that encourage the sharing of intelligence between different law enforcement and security agencies. Moreover, it is argued in this article that as intelligence becomes more hybrid and as the EU only holds light powers of oversight on ownership and integrity of data, considerable governance challenges lurk around the corner. As ‘intelligence’ is usually a complex and sensitive product, it often travels outside formal bureaucratic channels, which undermines accountability and transparency of where, how and for what purpose the intelligence was gathered.

La gloire des imposteurs: lettres sur le Mali et l’Afrique par Boris Boubacar Diop, Aminata Dramane Traoré

chapitres 13 à 16 et 22, 26 et 27 s’apparentent à de longues listes au sein desquelles se succèdent rapidement le récit d’initiatives diplomatiques et de menus complots politiques. On finit par se perdre dans ce dédale de faits trop souvent peu marquants ou captivants. De plus, l’accumulation des noms des personnes impliquées devient source de confusion.De tels chapitres auraient souvent besoin de synthèses plus fournies ou de préambules pour mieux orienter la lecture. Enfin, on rencontre un peu trop de coquilles, dont la responsabilité incombe en partie à la maison d’édition. Southwestern University (TX) Francis Mathieu Diop, Boris Boubacar, et Aminata Dramane Traoré. La gloire des imposteurs: lettres sur le Mali et l’Afrique. Paris: Philippe Rey, 2014. ISBN 978-2-84876-232-6. Pp. 233. 17 a. The “imposteurs” in this epistolary discussion of contemporary Africa include Africans as well as Western leaders, but especially the French. Diop and Traoré decry how African politicians, intellectuals, and the media sacrifice their own people for personal gain. The French invasion of northern Mali is the recurrent theme in the correspondence, analyzed from two opposing perspectives: one clearly details the manipulations and hypocrisy used by France and her allies to organize the operation (122–27); the other states that Mali had no alternative other than to ask for help from the ex-colonial power, as the brutalities and exactions of the“narcoterrorist”jihadists grew intolerable (135). The authors make clear that this military response is not a solution to the problem of fundamentalist Islamic terrorism,whose roots lie in a refusal to understand and treat Mali’s economic and ethnic conflicts. Three other threads traverse the exchanges: the role of Kaddafi, whose aid was accepted along with his eccentricities until Western interests were threatened; the Western manipulations behind the“printemps arabes,”and Cheikh Anta Diop, the great definer and defender of the identity of the Black continent. Both correspondents return to what Diop called Africa’s self-phobia: looking always elsewhere for models and approval rather than valuing and respecting her own culture. Traoré’s letters often deal with those who pay the highest price for Africa’s failings: the poor. Her anecdotes detailing individual suffering are usually linked to her personal attempts to work in local groups, building on Africa’s own resources and sense of community to construct a humane society. The catalogue of Africa’s failures is balanced by textual proofs of France’s continued heavy hand in violating Mali’s sovereignty through economic and political intervention. The subtext of this correspondence between two Muslim writers emphasizes for the Western reader that the horrors committed by the jihadists are in no way based in orthodox Islam. They touch briefly on a major imbroglio: the relation between civil society and Islam and political organizations that have not been able to mobilize majority Muslim populations. In the strongest language and speaking most powerfully to readers from 198 FRENCH REVIEW 88.4 Reviews 199 the United States, Diop denounces the summary executions of Osama bin Laden and the desecration of Kaddafi’s corpse. He laments a Black leader overseeing the dumping of a body into the sea, recalling sickeningly the human refuse thrown overboard during the triangular trade. The comparison of discreet media treatment of the corpse of an American diplomat assassinated in Libya with the repeated exhibition of mutilations of Kaddafi’s body reminds us that what is acceptable for one group of humans is not tolerated for others. The text advances by random steps as each author comments on events (Nov.2012–Oct.2013) and responds to the other’s letters.References to personal friendships and public appearances can be annoying; their insights however are trenchant , balanced, always historically grounded. Independent Scholar Suzanne Gasster Carrierre Dussault, Éric. L’invention de Saint-Germain-des-Prés. Paris: Vendémiaire, 2014. ISBN 978-2-36358-078-8. Pp. 251. 22 a. Plusieurs quartiers parisiens ont connu une période de gloire en tant que centre artistique,intellectuel et/ou mondain.Celle de Saint-Germain-des-Prés fut particulièrement brève: une dizaine d’années, celles qui suivirent la fin de...

Counter Terrorism: Weighing the Price of Liberty

While Benjamin Franklin’s famous quote may not mean what he intended, it still captures the central problem of counter terrorism: what amount of atrocity are we willing to suffer as the price of liberty? Certainly the deaths of innocent civilians at the hands of terrorists are an atrocity. On the other hand, are they sufficient to justify infringing our civil liberties? So let us examine what it means to be a terrorist, what the country is doing to fight terrorism, what further actions are being debated, and what the nation is willing to pay for the price of liberty

English

Terrorism emerged as serious security problem in Indonesia since a network of terrorist group rocked this country, started from the Bali bombing (2002) followed by other consecutive bombings, such as, J. W. Marriott Hotel bombing (2003), the Australian Embassy bombing (2004), and the Ritz Carlton Hotel bombing (2009). This article attempts to examine the ways in which the government responded towards the problem. What sort of policies did the Indonesian government take to respond to terrorism during the 2002—2009 period? This study uses a qualitative research method. The data used in this research are derived from official documents, direct interviews with government officials and the secondary sources (books and journals) on terrorism and counterterrorism. This article shows that the government adopted the legal approach or law-enforcement (“hard approach”) by issuing the anti-terrorism law as a legal framework and by reorganizing the police force to strengthen its counter-terrorist capability. It also adopted an “ideological” approach (soft approach) to battle religious extremism. This sort of approach is mainly aimed at defusing and neutralizing the religious extremism of terrorist groups and preventing it from spreading into the wider community. This article shows that the government has used effectively both approaches in destroying problem of terrorism in Indonesia. Key Words: Indonesia, policy, terrorism, counterterrorism, legal approach, “ideological” approach.

On Being Named a Black Supremacist and a Race Traitor: The Problem of White Racial Domination and Domestic Terrorism in U.S. Teacher Education

This article is concerned with the preparation of future teachers and the continued Whiteness of teacher education. Using the critical race theory methodology of counter-storytelling, this article presents a composite story to highlight and analyze how race and racism influence the preparation of future teachers in ways that typically sustain rather than challenge the Whiteness of education despite widespread self-reports of successful multicultural teacher education. While a great deal has been written about the need to better prepare future teachers for the multicultural realities of contemporary public schools, less examined is the modus operandi of race-based dominance in teacher education. This article seeks to use an examination of the intersections of White racial domination and the daily business of teacher preparation as a learning tool for pushing forward endeavors to prepare all teachers to successfully teach all students.

Terrorism, Religious and Ethnic Intolerance Issues in the Syllabuses and Textbooks of Bengali and English Medium and Madrasha Education in Bangladesh An Appraisal

Bangladesh, a seventh largest populous and fourth largest Muslim country in the World, is often facing the problems of terrorism, religious and ethnic intolerance. There are many cases of terrorist activities, religious and ethnic intolerance in the recent past. Like many of the post-colonial societies, various national policies were adopted towards facing the challenges of terrorism, religious and ethnic intolerance in Bangladesh. One of the most important policies was formulating National Education Policy (NEP)-2010 though there are a large number of contradictions about the implementation of the NEP. Needless to say peoples of Bangladesh are the victims of terrorism, religious and ethnic intolerance. The Author’s perception is education itself a catalyst for social change and it is a powerful instrument in the process of overcoming the problems. In other words, author of this paper believe that syllabuses and text books of both general and madrasha education streams of Bangladesh have significant role in educating people to counter terrorism, religious and ethnic intolerance. However, an attempt has been made in this paper through reviewing the current syllabuses and text books of general and madrasha education streams and also through assessing the peoples’ opinions of Bangladesh to know whether the syllabuses and text books are adequately addressing the issues of terrorism, religious and ethnic intolerance or not. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v6i0.10715 Himalayan Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.6 2014: 146-165

TERORISME SEBAB DAN PENANGGULANGANNYA

One of the world problems that do not have definite solutions yet is terrorism. There were already many conferences and seminars held, but all of them were just ended with theories. In this paper, I am trying to discuss this problem from the point of view of my expertise, the Islamic creed. Theories proposed by many experts still do not meet the standards of excellent, according to my opinion, since their analyses focus on the effects of terrorism only. It is very rare to find a discussion about terrorism from the point of view of its causes that provoke this grave action.Also, many other analyses put their focuses on the solutions of terrorism in the form of movement. It is very hard to find the one that talks about the ideological solutions. According to my opinion, terrorism will not be eliminated by using weapons because they, the terrorists, are not afraid of the death. Therefore, in this paper, I am trying to discuss the ideological solutions to solve the problem of terrorism.

A dynamic model of suicide terrorism and political mobilization

This study considers the problem of suicide terrorism, government counterterror responses, and the mobilization of recruits in support of the contending parties. A model is developed that enables predictions as to what factors should be emphasized or de-emphasized by the forces protecting society. The article presents a linear mathematical analysis of the logical interrelationships involved in the confrontation and embeds the study within the framework of previous mathematical and empirical work on the subject. It is concluded that governments should avoid inflicting collateral damage on the general population in counterterrorist activities and should pursue policies (both in counterterrorist operations and otherwise) that contribute to the political quiescence of the populace.

İFADE ÖZGÜRLÜĞÜ BAĞLAMINDA TERÖR PROPAGANDASININ YASAKLANMASI SORUNU

Freedom of expression constitutes undoubtedly a cornerstone of democratic society and it is not possible to consider a society as a democratic society in where freedom of expression is not respected. However, the right to freedom of expression is not absolute even if this right has a privileged position among the others rights. Accordingly, both national and international laws prescribe restrictions to the right to freedom of expression.In general, freedom of speech is restricted in order to establish a balance between individual interest and public interest. When examining the international conventions counting freedom of expression among one of the most sacred rights, these conventions contained the reasons by which the right to freedom of expression can be restricted after describing the importance of this right in a democratic society. Nowadays, the problem of terrorism that constitutes a real threat for many country brings about the restriction of the right to freedom of expression. In fact, the term of the national security, which lies behind all the restrictions causes heated debates. This study aims to handle both in national and in international law the relation between freedom of expression and terror propaganda by taking into account and benefiting from comparative law in this matter

Muslim Diaspora dalam Isu Identitas, Gender, dan Terorisme

<p>The word Diaspora has been understood as the dissemination of certain group of people -notably the Jewish and Chinese- to other country or land while keeping in touch culturally with the country of their origin. This paper discusses this notion of Diaspora in the case of Muslims by relating it to the problems of identity, gender and terrorism. The paper asks whether Muslim migration to other countries is a form of shame or honor both for Muslims themselves and for the country of their destination. The three key issues that we raise will be used as both indicators and framework within which the notion of Muslim self-esteem is investigated. The underlining view that highlights the whole argument of the paper is that a great majority of Muslims in Diaspora has not been able to associate culturally with the country of destination, hence creating a tension with the local culture.</p>

Antiterrorism and the Separation of Powers: How Public Administration Theory Can Help Us Meet the New Security Challenge

While terrorism has never been a predictable phenomenon, addressing this problem in a proactive manner is becoming increasingly difficult. It requires that public servants engaged in securing the homeland constantly upgrade their knowledge, skills, and abilities. In this paper, I focus on two areas of administrative competency that need to be developed within our public servants in order for the US to successfully meet this challenge. First, I highlight the need for collaboration across agencies, sectors, and even nations in order to combat terrorism in a way that is both effective and legitimate in the public’s eyes. However, the public context of the terrorism problem requires those acting in the name of national security to ensure that their antiterrorism efforts comply with the requirements and protections of the Constitution. Second, then, I stress the need for those within the public service to have higher levels of constitutional competence so as to address the terrorism threat in a legally sustainable fashion. I conclude with a set of propositions that can help researchers and practitioners develop the broad foundation of knowledge that public administrators need to successfully administer the programs and policies that will help keep America safe.

Ethnocentrism and the Problem of Terrorism: A Sociological Analysis in the Context of Contemporary India

The phenomenon of terrorism, intensively and extensively experienced over the last three decades in India and elsewhere; it is, in fact, an extreme expression of ethnocentrist mindset. As for India, it is most likely to lead to an erosion of the basic Indian cultural ethos of ‘unity in diversity’ and of its resilience. It has also become a challenge to Indian plural society and to its nationalism itself. The present research paper undertakes to analyse the real nature of this challenge, its forms and consequences, particularly in the context of the contemporary modern society.

К вопросу о социальной безопасности регионального социума: проблема терроризма

К вопросу о социальной безопасности регионального социума: проблема терроризма

Między polityką a kulturową tradycją

Between politics and cultural tradition. Basque Country in the films of Julio Medem
 Julio Medem’s movies reflect the problem of Basque identity in unconventional way. Here we find an analysis of tensions between the regional authorities and the government in Madrid and the problem of terrorism as seen from the perspective of victims and the separatists themselves. At the same time, Medem shows a traditional Basque culture with its unique flavour and socio‑political determinants. This tradition is reflected also in contemporary narratives, where the characters who live far from Basque Country are named after divinities from the Basque mythology and in the most unexpected situations reveal attachment to their small homeland.

Análisis de Vulnerabilidad de Sistemas de Potencia Mediante Programación Binivel

This paper presents a new technique for vulnerability analysis in power systems under multiple contingencies. The model under study is known as the “Terrorist Problem”. The main contribution of this work is the formulation and solution of the AC version of this problem, which allows identifying the most critical elements of the power system and gives early signals to the system operator regarding the vulnerability of the system. Furthermore, the AC version of the model allows obtaining more realistic results than the traditional DC model, due to the fact that such version considers the effect of reactive power and voltage magnitudes in the system buses. The proposed model is solved by means of a hybrid metaheuristic technique that combines genetic algorithms with local search. The results obtained using the IEEE RTS – 24 bus test system show the relevance and applicability of the proposed methodology.

How Could We Explore the Terrorist Issue?

The problem of terrorism can be analyzed by means of a wide array of research theories and models. There is however a question which of these may be regarded as especially useful to analyze different aspects of terrorism such as its reasons, characteristics and effects. Among concepts or theories which more or less fulfill the above-mentioned requirements, one can mention: chaos theory, decision theory, spatial competition theory, exchange theory, black box theory, theory of disaster, system model, model of billiard balls, core model, asymmetrical model, network model or concept of hybridity.