From ancient Greece to the Renaissance period, up to privatization, which showed the effect on both Britain from Nazi Germany it emerges both in and outside Turkey. In this study the historical process of privatization in the world and in Turkey, the process of privatization, privatization has been mentioned in the domain. The first arrangement made in 1984 on privatization in Turkey, privatization, which began in 1986, the species, in taking the scope of privatization of SOEs No. 233 Decree, and for compatibility with the Constitution on 2018 703 Decree Law No. 85 Amendments to Article It was mentioned that the privatization authority was given to the President. The aims, benefits and disadvantages of privatization have been addressed using the current figures and data. This process was tried to be revealed by making a literature review.

This article seeks to explain the post-2001 acceleration of privatization in Turkey. Employing a Marxian analytical framework, the article argues that the acceleration of privatization in Turkey in the post-2001 period was the result of a powerful combination of support from the power bloc (i.e., fractions of capital) in Turkey, which has been achieved with a major subordination of labor. The power bloc saw previously unavailable advantages in supporting privatization within the context of the post-2001 domestic capital accumulation regime, and therefore acted to restructure the legal and institutional framework of the state to weaken the resistance of labor and facilitate the participation of potential investors in privatization tenders. This interpretation challenges the dominance of institutionalist accounts, which draw on the legal-institutional framework and/or national interest-based discourses without considering how the changing relations among different fractions of capital and between capital and labor within the constitutive dynamics of domestic capital accumulation exerted significant influence on the acceleration of privatization. JEL Classification: P160; F50

<p style="text-align:justify">This research reflects neoliberal economic policies by demonstrating the privatization of education in Turkey. The increase in the number of students of private schools and private schools in Turkey along with the relationship between public education investments and household income of education have been explained by using the document analysis technique from qualitative research methods. As in many countries, public education in Turkey has been removed from the basic human rights and commercialized and transformed into a commodity that has been bought and sold. Neoliberal transformation aims to generate a strong and dependent structure that eliminates political and economic freedoms. The documents published by the Ministry of National Education and the Turkish Statistical Institute were obtained from the relevant institutions and the data were analysed. It has been concluded that education has undergone a rapid privatization in Turkey, while investments in public education have decreased rapidly. Also the funds required to be allocated to public schools have been transferred to private schools, and the education rights of the children of poor families have been diminished.</p>

The effect of power distribution privatization on electricity prices in Turkey: Has liberalization served the purpose?

The aim of this study is to identify the perceptions of the nurses about the privatization implementation, as it pertains to privatization, health services privatization and the impact of privatization on nursing in Turkey. Turkey is taking important steps in health services privatization but the related choices made in political arena are not shared with the employees of the health institutions where the privatization implementations are to take place. The study was conducted among nurses who are working for the state health institutions and the members of professional organizations of healthcare workers, which are operating in Istanbul in Turkey. Data were collected via Nurses' Privatization Perception Scale in 2009 and were analysed using mean calculations, analysis of variance, Mann-Whitney U-test, t-test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Cronbach's alpha analyses. Nurses' perceptions of privatization in general, health services privatization and the impact of privatization on nursing were found to be negative in all of the three sub-domains of the scale, as well as their perceptions of privatization implementations measured throughout the scale. The conducted comparisons showed that nurses' perceptions of the privatization implementations varied in accordance with independent variables. The privatization implementations put in place in health services are perceived negatively by nurses. Policy makers in relevant fields are recommended to take the findings of this study into consideration.

Privatization has been on a lot of countr ies' agenda, especially for the emerging countries for a long time. In Turkey, as an emergin g country, privatization plan has been a very high priority among the State Budget income items f or three decades. To identify and to explore the accounting role in privatization is the critical issue for the countries under privatization process. In this study, the importance of financial reporting d uring privatization process is examined. The overall responsibility of accounting in privatizati on is to develop investor confidence to channel the flows of funds and to ensure the effective and effi cient use of capital funds. Therefore, without a sound accountancy framework, the privatization proc ess would not generate the desired long term economic, social, and financial development results . Therefore, we analyzed the period of Turkish privatization experience by underlying the importan ce of financial reporting in this process. For this purpose, in the first part of the study, we defined the privatization and argued the positive and negative opinions about it. In the second part, we clarified the role of accounting in privatization process under disclosure, transitional problems, tr aining, valuation problems, and inflation accounting subsections. In the third part, we dis cussed the recent accounting developments which may effects privatization in Turkey. In the fourth part, we summarized the implementation of privatization in Turkey. Then, we mentioned the key issues in privatization process for emerging economies. Based on the Turkey's privatization prac tices, financial reporting has a very important role in the SOE's privatization process. In our poi nt of view, since accounting has an important role in privatization, this role takes place before , during and also after the privatization. It shoul d be taken into consideration that the main objective of privatization is not only to privatize SOE's, but also keep the sustainability of privatized SOE' s. While privatization creates sources for new investments of the governments, it should support t he effectiveness and economics of goods and services in the area of privatization. So the susta inability of privatized companies is very important as well as their sales. All of the above purposes c an be controlled by solely accounting.

Privatization not only results in the transfer of state assets, but it also reduces economic role of the government. Developing and developed countries have experienced privatization in different ways for years. This article focuses upon the issue of privatization in Turkey. Turkey launched its comprehensive economic liberalization program named ‘structural adjustment reform' in 1980 by the stimulation of the World Bank and IMF. Later on, privatization has been an official state ideology with two institutions, the Privatization Higher Council and the Privatization Administration. Some of their implementations have been given. Privatization policies have multiple, often together with often inter-related and conflicting political, economic and financial objectives. They must be evaluated according to political, social and economical structures and conditions of the country concerned. Together with privatization, competition and its institutional framework with implementations have also been analyzed in the paper. The paper maintains that there seemed no direct and strong relationship between the privatization endeavours and institutional competition. Finally, the study points out that Turkey seems to be a bare-foot runner in its privatization venture unless there is a proper competitive market, together with a sound social security system and a profound capital market.

Assessment of Privatization in Turkey

Part I. Broad Issues and Region-Wide Perspectives 1. Perspectives on state-owned enterprises reform and the MENA region Merih Celasun 2. Institutional analysis of state-owned enterprises reform and MENA region Mustapha K. Nabli 3. Privatization: a positive analysis with extensions to the MENA region Sahar M. Tohamy and Peter Aranson 4. Getting ready for globalization - a new privatization strategy for the Middle East and North Africa? John Page 5. Infrastructure privatization in the Middle East and North Africa Jamal Saghir 6. Savings and privatizations Ahme d Galal Part II. Country Studies 7. An analysis of compensation programs for redundant workers in Egyptian public enterprise Ragui Assaad 8. State-owned enterprise in Jordan: strategy for reform Taher H. Kanaan 9. Privatization in Sudan in the 1990's: prospects and problems El-Khider Ali Musa 10. State-owned enterprises and privatization in Turkey: policy, performance and reform experience Merih Celasun and Ismail Arslan 11. Productivity and profitability in 500 largest firms in Turkey, 1980-1994 Suley man Ozmucur 12. The relative efficiency of public manufacturing industry in Turkey: an intertemporal analysis using parametric and nonparametric production function frontiers Osma n Zaim and Fatma Taskn

Abstract The paper provides a comprehensive survey of privatization transastions in Turkey which took place between 1986 and 2000. The objectives of the privatization programme and privatized and nominated SOEs are discussed. The breakdown of total proceeds by sales methods and scope of the privatization programme by economic sectors are examined. The saleability of relatively large public enterprises is reviewed and utilization of privatization proceeds during and after privatization process is critically appraised. In addition, an attempt is made to discuss the politics of privatization by referring to key political and economic factors which have influenced implementation of the privatization programme. Following a short review of the economic environment and macroeconomic indicators in Turkey, focus is also placed on the research results that are available on the performance of public, private and privatized SOEs, particularly in the cement sector. In the final section, some key issues relevant to Turkish privatization are accentuated and some conclusion are drawn. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Explores whether the current implementation of privatization in Turkey is consistent with original privatization objectives as laid down in the original government plan. Presents analysis of hard data obtained from the Public Participation Fund, the agency responsible for the planning and execution of the programme and entrusted with selling the state′s shares in companies, and the results of certain questions from a survey undertaken in Turkey to assess the opinions of senior managers, drawn from both the state and private sector, and academics, regarding the implementation of the privatization policy. Finds that, to date, implementation of the privatization programme is contrary to the original objectives of the Turkish government.

La Turquie s'était dotée pendant la période kémaliste d'un important secteur public. Depuis 1985 un programme de privatisation est mené, mais il ne rencontre pas le succès espéré et il est difficile d'établir un bilan sérieux. En outre le gouvernement Demirel semble privilégier l'autonomie et la restructuration des entreprises publiques.

In the 1980s public policy shifted sharply in favor of market-based solutions, in contrast to the previously dominant “Keynesian” approach to economic management. A number of countries, irrespective of their regimes or stages of development, are currently implementing programs designed to reduce the size and scope of the public sector and strengthen the market. The privatization of public enterprises constitutes a key element in such a strategy.1 Yet hitherto, the extent of privatization—the number of enterprises involved as well as the scale of divestiture—has been extremely limited, especially considering the amount of rhetoric the idea has generated. In addition, the vigor with which privatization policies have been pursued also shows considerable variation among countries. These “stylized facts” of privatization clearly merit an explanation.2 Here I will look for that explanation by using the Turkish experience with privatization between 1980 and 1989 as a case study.