To explore barriers and enablers to implementing voluntary National Safety and Quality Primary and Community Healthcare Standards in Australian private dietetics practice. Semi-structured interviews with private practice dietitians, guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, were conducted. Transcripts were analysed using a deductive-inductive thematic analysis informed by the theory of planned behaviour, with member checking used to refine the themes. Sixteen dietitians completed an interview. Awareness of the standards was low, with weak social norms impeding implementation. Although some dietitians valued benchmarks, business systems, care quality and staff experiences, others questioned the need for formal standards for small practices, preferring to be guided by profession-specific codes of conduct. Barriers to implementing the standards included insufficient time, resources and knowledge, identifying key areas for future intervention. No participants planned to pursue formal accreditation; however, some intended to reference the standards informally to guide their improvements. Without mandatory use or strong incentives, dietitians are unlikely to formally adopt the national quality and safety standards despite acknowledging the potential benefits. Embedding quality concepts in pre- and post-credentialing education, strengthening financial and professional incentives, and providing implementation resources may foster uptake.

Optimizing management of neck pain though the pain and disability drivers management model for neck pain: A feasibility trial.

Airway leaders, resources, practice, and organization in Portugal: A national survey of anaesthesiologists in public and private practice

Building on and continuing an earlier study, the effectiveness of couple therapy in practice settings in German-language countries was investigated in four independent studies using the same design: naturalistic prospective outcome study with three measurement points. The change in relationship quality was measured over the course of the therapy. In Germany and Switzerland, there is an extensive network of counseling centers run by non-profit organizations providing support to couples, in addition to couple therapists in private practice. Provision of couple therapy to the public is, therefore, on a high level compared to other countries, whereas research on its effectiveness is still scarce. Couple therapy has been found in experimental studies to be efficacious in reducing couple distress with a good effect size (d = 0.8). In naturalistic studies investigating couple therapy in everyday practice, however, the effectiveness is systematically lower (d = 0.5), only 40% of couples can be helped in a clinically significant way and 50% break off early. This discrepancy is known as the efficacy-effectiveness gap. The results reported in this paper show that couple therapy across four settings proved to be significantly effective. With effect sizes of d = 0.36-0.44, a drop-out rate of approximately 50%, and clinically significant improvements for less than 40% of the couples, the hypothesis of the limited effectiveness of couple therapy in real-life practice was further empirically substantiated. The findings confirm the hypothesis of an efficacy-effectiveness gap. Possible reasons for this limited effectiveness are discussed. As a potential way for improving the effectiveness of couple therapy in real life practice, EFT could serve as a potentially more effective method; this should be tested in direct comparison to other methods in the practice field.

Review the clinical syndrome (clinical signs, treatment, and outcomes) of Incilius alvarius intoxication in canines. Single-cohort retrospective descriptive study of 208 canines that presented to 4 private practice emergency veterinary hospitals for suspected toad exposure between July 2007 and October 2010. Electronic medical record review was performed on all canine patients presenting with known or suspected I alvarius exposure during the study period to extract data on demographics, clinical signs, interventions, and outcomes. The majority of I alvarius intoxications (174/208 [84%]) took place during summer, with 155 of 208 (75%) taking place during a monsoon. The most common clinical signs were neurologic in 182 of 208 (87.5%) dogs, respiratory in 160 of 208 (76.9%) dogs, and cardiac in 155 of 208 (74.5%) dogs. Prognosis was excellent, with 206 of 208 (99%) dogs surviving to discharge. Although potentially fatal, I alvarius intoxication usually has an excellent prognosis. The clinical syndrome and treatment are similar to that of Rhinella marina. Supportive care and oral lavage were the mainstays of therapy. Initiating oral lavage as soon as possible is recommended. This is the first review investigating I alvarius intoxications in veterinary species and can guide approach and management of this condition.

Peri-implantitis management is clinically demanding and may be accompanied by professional anxiety; however, the extent to experience level and practice setting shape treatment decisions and anxiety has not been fully clarified. Previous surveys have described clinicians' knowledge and attitudes toward peri-implantitis, yet evidence integrating therapeutic preferences with clinician anxiety remains scarce. This study assessed Turkish periodontists' awareness and treatment priorities for peri-implant diseases and examined the influence of professional experience, postgraduate exposure, and workplace setting on treatment selection and anxiety during severe peri-implantitis management. A cross-sectional, web-based survey was conducted between April and December 2025 among periodontology specialists in Turkey. The questionnaire collected demographic and professional characteristics, education and awareness regarding peri-implant diseases, clinical approaches to peri-implantitis, and anxiety using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). BAI scores were categorized as minimal (0-7), mild (8-15), moderate (16-25), and severe (26-63). Group comparisons were performed with chi-square tests. Multivariable binary logistic regression evaluated predictors of choosing surgical (vs. non-surgical) peri-implantitis therapy and predictors of the presence of anxiety (BAI ≥ 8). Statistical analyses were performed with IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 25.0. Data from 184 periodontists were analyzed (79.3% female; mean professional experience 14.50 ± 9.16 years). Most participants reported minimal anxiety during severe peri-implantitis management (78.3%), with mild (12.0%), moderate (6.5%), and severe anxiety (3.3%) less frequent. In regression analysis for treatment selection, private (vs. public) practice independently predicted a higher likelihood of choosing surgical modalities (OR = 2.212, 95% CI 1.171-4.177; p = 0.014). In regression analysis for anxiety, greater specialist experience was associated with lower odds of anxiety (OR = 0.839, 95% CI 0.760-0.925; p < 0.001), while gender and practice setting were not significant. Among Turkish periodontists, anxiety related to severe peri-implantitis management was generally low and decreased with increasing specialty experience. Practice setting, rather than experience or anxiety, was the key independent predictor of choosing surgical treatment, with private-sector clinicians more likely to select surgical approaches. These findings support the value of structured postgraduate exposure, continued professional development, and early-career support to strengthen confident, evidence-based peri-implantitis care across diverse practice environments.

Healthcare consolidation has transformed physician employment, with 74% now working for health systems or corporate entities. While physicians increasingly consider collective bargaining to address these changes, the legal frameworks and practical pathways remain unclear, particularly for highly specialized fields like neurosurgery. We conducted a policy analysis synthesizing federal labor statutes, National Labor Relations Board rulings, judicial decisions, and comparative frameworks from international healthcare systems and US industries with similar characteristics. Analysis focused on private sector physicians covered under the National Labor Relations Act. Recent legal developments have created new possibilities within persistent constraints. The 2022 Piedmont Health Services decision clarified that employed physicians focused on patient care may unionize under the National Labor Relations Act. However, private practice physicians remain excluded as independent contractors, and antitrust law prohibits collective negotiation without structural integration. The 2023 withdrawal of antitrust "safety zones" eliminated predictable compliance pathways while allowing case-by-case innovation. Available options include messenger model networks for information sharing, Independent Practice Associations with genuine financial integration, and fully integrated cooperatives. Professional societies can advocate but cannot bargain collectively. International models and US industries demonstrate that collective frameworks can preserve individual contract flexibility and merit-based compensation. Neurosurgery's unique characteristics-small specialty size, high revenue generation, emergency obligations, and practice diversity-require tailored approaches to collective representation. While legal barriers persist, viable pathways exist within current frameworks. Success depends on matching organizational models to regional market conditions and practice characteristics. As healthcare consolidation continues, understanding these options becomes essential for neurosurgeons seeking to preserve professional autonomy and economic sustainability, whether through collective action, individual negotiation, or hybrid approaches.

The career aspirations of young ophthalmologists are undergoing change. In addition to the traditional self-employment in private practice, new working models, such as salaried employment in amedical care center (MVZ), are becoming increasingly more important. The aim of the study was to gain insights into the career planning, job satisfaction and professional policy expectations of young ophthalmologists. Data collection took place between 16December 2024 and 1March 2025, using astandardized anonymous online questionnaire. The target group was doctors in ophthalmology training and ophthalmology specialists in the first 3years after the training period. In this study 236 people took part, 53 % were in specialist training, 24 % were employed as medical specialists, 43 % preferred self-employment in agroup practice, 25 % preferred employment in amedical care center and 19 % cited private practice as their preferred model. Decisive factors for setting up apractice are better organizational conditions, such as the removal of bureaucratic hurdles (62 %) and the reduction of financial risks, for example through recourse (56 %). Of those surveyed, 70 % would like to see practical training from the Professional Association of German Ophthalmologists (BVA), 42 % would like mentoring and 40 % would like networking opportunities with other colleagues. The results of our nationwide survey show that good working conditions and training opportunities are key concerns for young ophthalmologists. The preference of many respondents for self-employment underscores the need to reduce structural barriers to setting up aprivate practice.

BackgroundThe lack of procedure-specific, evidence-based dental antibiotic guidelines increases unnecessary and inappropriate antibiotic prescribing. The primary objective was to evaluate changes in antibiotic prescribing before and after antibiotic stewardship (AS) education by infectious diseases (ID) AS experts in addition to implementation of self-monitored antibiotic dashboards. A secondary objective was to link antibiotic prescriptions to standardized Current Dental Terminology (CDT) procedure codes.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective, multi-practice cohort study among 9 private practice periodontists who completed AS education by ID-AS experts. Antibiotic data, CDT codes, and medical histories were extracted from electronic dental records from 1 January 2021 through 30 June 2025. Individualized dashboards displayed longitudinal antibiotic prescribing and linkage to CDT procedure codes. Outcomes were compared across pre-education, post-education year 1, and post-education year 3 periods.ResultsA total of 11 795 antibiotic prescriptions for 7331 unique patients were identified; 85.6% were therapeutic (≥3 days) and 14.4% were prophylactic. Prophylactic antibiotics for patients with prosthetic joint implants decreased by 89% by post-education year 3 (P < .05). Clindamycin and fluoroquinolone use declined by 85% (P < .001) and 31% (P < .15), respectively. Ten-day antibiotic durations decreased by 87% (P < .001) with a corresponding increase in courses of 3–5 days across multiple CDT procedure categories. Improvements were sustained 3 years after education without ongoing external audit and feedback.ConclusionsDentists demonstrated sustained improvements in antibiotic use following ID-AS–led stewardship education and implementation of self-monitored antibiotic dashboards. Linking prescriptions to CDT codes supports future development of evidence-based dental antibiotic guidelines.

Background:Since the early postapartheid period, the South African government has implemented policies to strengthen the public health system. However, structural challenges continue to affect registrar training in plastic surgery.Methods:A prospective, descriptive survey was distributed to approximately 180 plastic surgery trainees and consultants across South Africa. Thirty-seven responses were received. The questionnaire collected demographic data and opinions on training content, teaching quality, research support, mentorship, and proposed reforms.Results:The majority of respondents believe the current 5-year training period is appropriate but highlighted significant gaps in aesthetic, craniofacial, oculoplastic, and nonsurgical rejuvenation training. There was strong support for private practice rotations, a shift toward competency-based curricula, and improved mentorship and research support. Journal clubs and interuniversity meetings were rated poorly, whereas short courses and operative lists were highly valued. Consultant supervision and teaching time were widely seen as inadequate.Conclusions:Respondents identified both strengths and weaknesses in the current training system. Key strengths included the structured program length and foundational training in skin cancer surgery. However, improvements are needed in subspecialty exposure, consultant-led teaching, and academic mentorship. There was broad support for integrating competency-based training, private sector exposure, and enhanced research infrastructure to improve trainee preparedness and program quality.

UK general practice is increasingly adopting ambient voice technology ("AI scribes") for summarising and documenting medical consultations without clear regulation and implementation guidance. The aim of this study was to examine current use and perceptions of AI scribes among UK GPs, and to identify GP, practice, and population factors associated with their adoption. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey of UK GPs (n = 598) to examine current use, perceptions, and factors associated with adoption, analysed using logistic regression. AI scribes were used by 40% of GPs, with an additional 23% reporting past use. Use ranged from 5 to 100% of consultations (mean 60%). Adoption was more likely among men (OR = 1.64), GPs working in private practice (OR = 2.88) and 5-6 clinical sessions weekly (OR = 2.17), those with more experience (OR = 1.68), and GP trainers (OR = 3.10). Efficiency and timeliness were widely perceived benefits, while concerns about safety and medicolegal risks were common, particularly among non-users. Use of AI scribes in the UK is relatively high despite regulatory issues and recent official cease communication. Local population characteristics were not associated with use, but use varied significantly depending on GP characteristics. Selective use within practices and patient perspectives warrant further investigation to ensure equitable use of AI scribes.

Research on genomic testing outcomes for children with neurodevelopmental conditions often emphasizes clinical and personal utility, but rarely considers how a genomic diagnosis impacts care from non-physician community-based professionals such as those in private practice, early intervention, or school settings. Therefore, this study explored how caregivers and community care professionals use a genomic diagnosis to inform care. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 caregivers of children with a genomic diagnosis and 30 community care professionals providing care to the child. Directed and summative content analysis was performed. Reported impacts included (1) improved care provision, (2) informed future planning, (3) enhanced social and community support, (4) enhanced understanding, (5) increased access to therapy-related services and equipment, (6) improved service quality and 5) elevated patient advocacy and engagement. Potential disutility arose from limited diagnostic information, provider knowledge gaps, insurance denials, and provider fear of treating rare conditions. A key neutral/mixed finding was that the diagnosis did not always impact care. Barriers to potential utility included financial burden, confusion about next steps, provider knowledge gaps, and lack of evidence-based guidance for rare diagnoses. Findings highlight that caregivers and community professionals may experience impacts from a genomic diagnosis (positive, negative, or neutral) that are understudied in empirical research, potentially because traditional concepts of utility fail to incorporate these domains. Broadening this conceptual framing could inform empirical research focused on identifying these effects and informing potential interventions. Further work is needed to characterize and quantify genomic test utility and disutility across diverse contexts.

Online physician ratings are a model for patient satisfaction and play a key role in patient recruitment. This study examines the influence of different variables on hand surgeons' average ratings and patient engagement on physician review websites (PRWs). The American Society for Surgery of the Hand directory was queried for all actively practicing orthopaedic or plastic-trained hand surgeons in the United States. Individuals were randomly selected and searched on various social media platforms for professional accounts. A summated online presence score was calculated to identify the top 20% of social media users. The use of a practice group or personal website was also recorded, as was a surgeon's practice setting and region of practice. H-index was searched on Scopus. Patient rating information was collected from Healthgrades, Google, and Vitals. Physicians' medical school and residency programs were noted for being a top 20 program based on US News and Doximity rankings. A total of 97 orthopaedic and 102 plastic-trained surgeons were reviewed. Private practice orthopaedic surgeons had higher mean ratings on Healthgrades than those in academic practice. The top 20% of social media users had markedly higher mean patient satisfaction ratings. H-index was positively associated with patient ratings and social media usage. Male surgeons had higher ratings and engagement than female surgeons. Younger hand surgeons had greater ratings and engagement compared with surgeons who have been in practice longer. Medical school or residency program prestige did not markedly affect patient satisfaction ratings. Social media utilization and research productivity can influence patient satisfaction, measured by ratings and comments on PRWs. Given that most patients read PRWs before making an appointment, hand surgeons can use these data to optimize their online presence and overall ratings. IV.

To assess current utilization of the Prosthodontic Diagnostic Index (PDI), identify perceived benefits and limitations, and evaluate support for future updates. A survey regarding the use of the PDI was made available through email invitations to 68 US dental school prosthodontic/restorative department chairs (PD), 48 graduate prosthodontic program directors (GP), and 1834 private practice prosthodontists (PP) from the American College of Prosthodontists (ACP) member database. The results of this initial survey were inconclusive due to low response rates. The survey was also administered during the 2024 ACP Annual Session with an improved response rate for educators. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze responses from predoctoral education programs and graduate prosthodontic programs. Responses were received from 43.8% (n = 21) graduate prosthodontic programs (GP) and 35.3% (n = 24) predoctoral programs (PD). The PDI was taught to graduate prosthodontic residents at 100% (n = 21) of the responding programs and at 58% (n = 14) of responding predoctoral programs. In contrast, the response rate for private practice prosthodontists, 2% (n = 43), was too low for statistical analysis. The PDI was used for new patient screening in 76.2% (n = 16) of GP and 41.7% (n = 10) of PD programs. The PDI was valued for enhancing diagnostic consistency (81.0%, n = 17 GP and 83.3%, n = 21 PD) and objective patient screening (90.5%, n = 19 GP and 87.5%, n = 21 PD). Common themes were observed in open-ended questions regarding the limitations of the PDI, including that the system was cumbersome, complicated, time-consuming to use, issues with calibration across all cohorts, and lacked recognition by general dentists and other dental specialists. The majority of respondents agreed that the PDI needs an update (76.2%, n = 16 GP and 66.7%, n = 16 PD), including the development of an ACP-endorsed classification system for implant-based treatment (81.0%, n = 17 GP and 91.7%, n = 22 PD). The PDI is viewed as a beneficial diagnostic and educational tool in academic settings. However, it is complex and has limited alignment with contemporary prosthodontic practice. A revision of the classification system could address current limitations and better support clinical decision-making.

Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) surgery can treat ametropia when laser vision correction is not suitable. Lens sizing is important to prevent insufficient or excessive vaulting. The Online Calculator and Ordering System (OCOS) requires an 'optimised' value for white-to-white (WTW) values when using the IOLMASTER or LENSTAR 900 (LS900) for biometry. We assessed if a more specific WTW subtraction for the LS900 could improve sizing outcomes. Single-centre London private practice setting. A retrospective observational cohort study of consecutive patients undergoing ICL surgery within a 4-year period. Pre-operative measurements were taken using the LS900 and lenses were sized using the OCOS calculator with a WTW subtraction of 0.4mm. Vault height was measured at 2 weeks, 3 months and 12 months and complications recorded. Simulations were run using a more tailor-made subtraction of 0.25mm for the LS900. 199 eyes from 102 patients were analysed. 'Ideal' sizing occurred in 70% of ICLs at 3 months and dropped to 67% at 12 months. The largest proportion of incorrectly sized lenses were oversized at 3 months but undersized at 12 months. Simulations using an alternative WTW subtraction of 0.25mm suggest a redistribution of vault heights away from undersizing at 12 months when LS900 biometry is used. Oversizing of ICLs using the OCOS calculator may be due to measurement discrepancies and early post-operative measurements of vault height. An alternative WTW subtraction of 0.25mm may reduce exposure to low vaults, which are a known risk factor for cataract formation. Real-world evaluation of this subtraction would be needed to confirm an improvement in accuracy.

An updated understanding of the U.S. oral health care system is essential for addressing the burden of oral disease, high dental expenditures, and persistent inequities in access. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the prevalence of major oral diseases, dental care delivery, financing, dental workforce, and public health initiatives, and highlights the challenges and future opportunities in the U.S. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Google Scholar, and reports from U.S. federal agencies and professional organizations was conducted between September 2025 and March 2026. Following the latest National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, untreated caries remains widespread, affecting 11% of children (ages 2–5), 10% of adolescents (ages 12–19), 21% of adults (ages 35–49), and 12% of older adults (ages 65–74). Periodontal diseases are common, with 42% of adults aged 30 years or older having periodontitis. Oral cancer incidence stands at 11.5 per 100,000 and increases sharply with advancing age. Edentulism among older adults (ages 65–74) was approximately 11%. The U.S. dental workforce includes over 200,000 dentists, yet shortages affect rural and low-income areas, with 62 million Americans living in Dental Health Professional Shortage Areas. Dental care is primarily delivered through private practices, supplemented by community health centers. Financing relies mostly on private insurance and out-of-pocket payments, while the coverage of public programs like Medicaid varies across states, and Medicare generally excludes routine dental care for older adults. Water fluoridation remains widespread, yet ongoing debates highlight persistent challenges. School-based dental sealants and topical fluoride programs are widely recognized as cost-effective and scalable, offering substantial benefits at the population level. Nevertheless, community-based preventive measures are often hindered by resource constraints, inequitable access, and in some cases political conflicts. In summary, oral diseases remain prevalent in the U.S. Limited public coverage, workforce shortages in rural or underserved areas, and uneven access to dental care highlight the need for systemic reforms to improve oral health equity. These findings point to the importance of strengthening dental public health research and coordinated policy action to reduce structural barriers and expand access to dental care.

Objectives: To establish a data-driven framework for deciding when a large, single-specialty orthopedic group practice should hire a new surgeon, based on longitudinal physician productivity and patient access data as primary decision triggers. Design: Retrospective, observational, single-practice benchmarking study with narrative synthesis of strategic, operational, and governance considerations. Setting: Large, single-specialty orthopedic group practice. Methods: Work relative value unit (wRVU) output was collected from internal practice records for six mid-to-late career surgeons over five years (2019–2023). New patient wait times were tracked monthly and compared to established access benchmarks (14-day optimal threshold; 21-day patient leakage threshold) derived from Merritt Hawkins, MGMA, and AAOS survey data. External benchmarks served as comparison points for regional productivity and access standards. Revenue data for one newly hired surgeon and one concurrently declining senior partner were also extracted from internal financial records over a five-year period (2012–2016) to construct the revenue crossover curve illustrated in Figure 1. Results: The mean wRVU output per surgeon decreased from 15,877 in 2019 to 13,406 in 2023, representing a 15.6% decline and a total practice-wide productivity loss of 14,824 wRVUs — roughly equivalent to one full-time surgeon FTE. New patient wait times consistently exceeded the 14-day optimal benchmark and neared or exceeded the 21-day patient leakage threshold despite operational efforts such as APP expansion, extended hours, and schedule optimization. The revenue trajectory of a newly hired surgeon crossed that of a concurrently declining senior partner within approximately two years, demonstrating that a well-timed hire can offset senior partner productivity decline without net revenue loss to the practice. These findings contributed to the practice’s decision to hire 7 new surgeons. Five core decision triggers are proposed: patient access metrics, physician productivity trends, APP utilization limits, financial readiness, and strategic alignment. Conclusions: Recruitment decisions based on quantitative productivity and access thresholds—rather than partner consensus or reactive needs—are associated with sustained practice growth and competitive positioning. A governance-driven, data-informed hiring framework that includes wRVU trajectory, new patient wait time monitoring, APP saturation signals, and financial modeling offers a reproducible and objective decision-making structure for orthopedic group practices managing workforce planning. Level of Evidence: Level 4: Retrospective Observational Benchmarking Study Key Words: Physician recruitment, orthopedic workforce, private practice management, healthcare economics

It is with great sorrow we announce that Dr Henry J Norris, known to his friends and colleagues as Jason or Jake, one of the giants of gynecologic pathology, passed away on Christmas Day, 2025. He was 93. It should be an inspiration to us that on a phone call to him on his 92nd birthday, he told me that this was one of the best times of his life. Considering his quirky sense of humor, I was not certain whether this was true, but I will give him the benefit of the doubt. Originally from Seattle, Jason received his bachelor’s degree from Linfield College in McMinnville, Oregon and his MD degree from the University of Rochester in 1958. After an internship at Boston City Hospital, he took residency training at the Mallory Institute of Pathology and later at Barnes Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine under Dr Lauren Ackerman, completing his training at the University of Minnesota Hospital. He became a pathologist at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology in 1963 and was Chairman of the Department of Gynecologic and Breast Pathology from 1970 to 1993. He was also a Clinical Professor at the Uniformed Services University from 1976 to 1992 and Clinical Associate Professor of Pathology, George Washington University School of Medicine from 1973 to 1979. He was President of the International Society of Gynecologic Pathology from 1980 to 1982 and Editor-In-Chief of the International Journal of Gynecologic Pathology from 1992 to 1995. After retiring from the AFIP, he joined a private practice group in Orlando, Florida. Jason was the author or co-author of nearly 200 scientific articles and book chapters, a book entitled The Uterus, as well as the Atlas of Tumor Pathology, Tumors of the Cervix, Vagina, and Vulva. Notable among these publications were a series of studies on mesenchymal tumors of the uterus, which were co-authored by Dr Herbert Taylor in the 1960s. This was a landmark group of papers that laid the foundation for the modern-day classification of uterine mesenchymal tumors. The papers provided diagnostic criteria for these neoplasms, which in turn were critical in guiding treatment. Similarly, a series of papers co-authored with me in the mid-1970s analyzing the behavior of germ cell tumors of the ovary was of seminal importance. One of these studies utilized immunohistochemical analysis, which was among the first to use this technique in surgical pathology. Later in the 1980s, a series of studies on endometrial hyperplasia, again co-authored with me, developed criteria for the diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia and elucidated long-term behavior which had not been previously well understood. Jason enjoyed several activities outside of work. He was in the gym and jogged regularly and in addition enjoyed hiking and traveling. The latter was often associated with invitations he received worldwide to be an invited speaker for lectures, slide seminars, and courses, many of which he directed. As a result, there were few countries that he did not visit. He also loved driving his motor home with his family on camping trips in the summers and then later with Sandy Pike, his companion, for many years. His other love was his Nissan 280 and 300 Z, as exemplified by the fact that although his son wanted to drive them, Jason never consented. Jason, as previously mentioned, had a quirky sense of humor. For example, when I asked him whether he enjoyed working in the private practice group in Orlando after having been at the AFIP for so many years, he said, “What’s not to like, I get paid $1,000 every time I breathe.” It should be noted that when Jason was at the AFIP, it was, for all purposes, an academic institution. AFIP provided a consultation service to pathologists nationwide and worldwide to diagnose difficult cases and, as a result, accumulated a considerable number of unusual cases that served as a resource for research and teaching. And like other academic institutions, salaries were not commensurate with salaries for pathologists in private practice. It is poignant that his passing marks the end of an era, a time when the diagnosis and management of disease were based on morphologic studies. That time is now being eclipsed by molecular biologic studies in tandem with morphologic assessment and, probably in the future, by molecular biology based on liquid biopsies alone. Jason is survived by his children, Henry, Robin, and Dolly, and his grandchildren, Caleb and Camden. I knew Jason for over 50 years. Since starting at AFIP, we spent time together, working on projects, running together, socializing together, and traveling together. So, Jason, old buddy, I will end this paean to you with a quote from one of your favorite authors, Kurt Vonnegut. “It is the emptiest and fullest of all human messages—goodbye.”

Jaw-in-a Day: Process Improvement and Outcomes.

Given the increasing reliance on online health information, this study aimed to systematically assess the quality of German-language eHealth information on head and neck cancer (HNC) related dental care. German-language websites were searched via Google.de, Bing.de/Yahoo.de, and DuckDuckGo.com in February 2025. German-language Youtube-videos were searched in March 2025. Websites were assessed across 4 domains: technical/functional aspects (LIDA-instrument), readability (Flesh-reading-ease-score), comprehensiveness (structured checklist), and quality and risk of bias (DISCERN-instrument). Differences between domains were tested using the Friedman test. Group differences among provider types were examined with one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests. YouTube-videos were assessed for comprehensiveness, viewers' interaction, and viewing rate. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test compared comprehensiveness between Youtube-videos and websites. A total of 134 eligible websites and 26 YouTube-videos were included. 63.4% of the websites were operated by private dental practices. All four domains differed significantly from each other (p < 0.001). Websites from private and corporate dental practices or private hospital groups showed significantly lower scores in technical/functional aspects compared with websites from dental societies, regulatory bodies, public institutions, or insurance companies. Overall readability was poor, with the highest scores observed for institutional websites (median 49.0) and the lowest for private practices (median 38.0). Comprehensiveness of patient-oriented information was low, especially among corporate dental practices and private hospital groups (median 5.0). Quality of consumer health information was highest for commercial or non-profit information services (median 29) and lowest for private and corporate dental practices (median 23.0). Only 19.2% of YouTube-videos originated from private dental practices, and exhibited low viewer interaction (median 0.9). No significant difference in comprehensiveness was observed between websites and YouTube-videos (p = 0.924). German-language eHealth information on dental care in HNC is generally of low quality. This study highlights the need for standardized, reliable, and patient-oriented online resources to support oral health and quality of life in HNC patients.