Principles Of Self-sufficiency Research Articles

" Operationalizing Jitegemea Philosophy As A Model To Sustainable Development To Retirement Plan Among The Pulpit Workers

Purpose of the Study: This study aimed to investigate the operationalization of Jitegemea Philosophy as a model for the sustainable development of retirement plans among pulpit workers. Statement of the Problem Despite the importance of retirement planning, these workers face challenges such as low salaries, irregular income, and limited access to pension schemes, leading to financial insecurity in later life. The Jitegemea (self-reliance) philosophy, rooted in principles of self-sufficiency and sustainability, offers a potential model for addressing this gap. However, there is limited research and practical application of Jitegemea as a structured retirement planning model tailored to the specific needs of pulpit workers. Addressing these challenges is crucial to ensuring the financial security and well-being of PCEA pulpit workers in retirement. Therefore, this study explores how operationalizing the Jitegemea philosophy could provide a sustainable solution for enhancing financial security and well-being for clergy during retirement. Methodology: This study employed a qualitative research approach, utilizing semi-structured interviews with PCEA pulpit workers to explore their perceptions, experiences, and challenges related to retirement planning. A purposive sampling technique was used to select participants from various PCEA churches in Nairobi. Data were analyzed thematically to identify key themes and patterns related to retirement planning among PCEA pulpit workers. Key Findings: The study revealed that while many clergy face socio-economic barriers, religious beliefs, community support, and proactive planning can foster resilience. Participants expressed mixed emotions about retirement, some feeling apprehensive and others viewing it as a period of spiritual renewal. The study highlights the need for tailored support mechanisms, including financial literacy programs, fair compensation, and expanded pension schemes. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the importance of collaborative efforts among religious institutions, policymakers, and community organizations to improve retirement planning. Recommendation: Recommendations include financial education, compensation reform, and community support to ensure better retirement preparedness. Further research is suggested to evaluate the long-term effects of these interventions on clergy retirement outcomes.

Институциональный подход к определению структуры национального богатства

In economic theory, there are various approaches to determining the structure of a country’s national wealth, many of which are based solely on quantitative indicators. At the same time, traditional economic models do not take into account new factors in the development of national wealth, such as environmental services and digital assets. It seems that despite methodological limitations, the structure of national wealth should include the value of intangible assets, such as intellectual property, human and social capital. Due to the need to take into account multiple aspects and intangible benefits when forming the structure of a country’s national wealth, the authors proposed an institutional approach to determining the structure of national wealth, which is based on an assessment of the institutions and institutional environment that form the self-sufficiency of the national economy. The article discusses the main problems of modern society, which require investment in their elimination and, as a result of a decrease in the share of the country’s national wealth, the problem of measuring the country’s national wealth, due to the undeveloped methods for measuring modern conditions, which are mostly associated with the digitalization of economic, social and political processes, the structure of the country’s national wealth in the digital economy is proposed, an institutional approach to determining the structure of national wealth, based on the principle of self-sufficiency of the country’s economy, is proposed and justified.

Pemberdayaan Penyandang Disabilitas oleh Sheltered Workshop Peduli “Sambung Roso” di Desa Simbatan Kecamatan Nguntoronadi Kabupaten Magetan

People with disabilities are people who have privileges that make them different from normal people. Even though they are different, persons with disabilities have the right to receive empowerment like other citizens. Magetan Regency is one of the areas that has shelter for persons with disabilities, namely the Sheltered Workshop Peduli (SWP) “Sambung Roso”. Empowerment is carried out by providing training to make splashed batik to persons with disabilities. The purpose of this study was to find out how the empowerment of persons with disabilities by SWP "Sambung Roso" in Simbatan Village, Nguntoronadi District, Magetan Regency. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The focus of this research uses the theory of community empowerment from Dedeh Maryani which consists of five principles, namely (i) the principle of equality, (ii) the principle of participation, (iii) the principle of self-sufficiency or independence and (iv) the principle of sustainability. The results of this study indicate that SWP "Sambung Roso" has achieved success in empowering persons with disabilities in Simbatan Village, Nguntoronadi District, Magetan Regency.

Co-Operative Citizens? Development, Work and Protest in Guyana, c. 1970–1985

AbstractHistories of Third Worldism have received renewed attention from historians in the past decade. Much of the resulting scholarship has focused on the international to the exclusion of the national. This article addresses this relative neglect by focusing on a particular iteration of Third World nation-state-building: co-operative socialism in Forbes Burnham's Guyana. Refuting the argument that co-operative socialism was imitative and implemented for reasons of political expediency only, the article contends that Burnham's doctrine should be regarded as a meaningful attempt at remaking Guyana's society and economy through its core principles of self-sufficiency, self-reliance, and self-discipline. These principles gave rise to a specific conception of citizenship in 1970s Guyana, where the People's National Congress (PNC) sought to link political belonging and participation with a moral ethic premised on the notion of hard work in service of the nation. The article examines how this collectivist understanding of citizenship gave rise to a particular set of struggles at the turn of the 1980s, as the co-operative republic began to collapse. What emerged from these struggles was an alternate but parallel imagining of citizenship espoused by the Working People's Alliance (WPA), which rejected the PNC's vanguardism in favour of empowering the Guyanese people through the creation of non-hierarchical systems of collective authority. The article concludes by arguing that the failure of the WPA's attempt to overthrow the PNC through popular revolt signified the ends of decolonization and Third Worldism in the Caribbean, and the beginnings of new struggles against new forms of coloniality in the guise of the emerging neoliberal and good governance agendas.

Forecasting the price index on the energy market of Ukraine considering the effect of the “green” tariffs laws

The "green" tariff laws in effect in Ukraine were adopted without the necessary technical and economic justification. These laws provide RES owners a wide range of preferences, which in total lead to hypertrophied losses of the Ukrainian energy market. In the process of the state developing a set of measures to radically improve the existing situation, it is necessary to have a wide range of methods of system analysis, including the determination of price indices on the energy market. In the paper a new method and a corresponding mathematical model for determining price indices on energy markets are proposed and tested on real data in conditions of solar and wind power plants functioning in the integrated energy system structure and when "green" tariff laws actions. The model determines the size of the electricity production sector, where competitive relations are maintained. Then the total costs of the energy market are calculated for the summary production of electricity in the power system at both market and fixed prices. The new price is defined as the ratio of total costs to the capacity of electricity production in the sector with competitive relations. The price index is calculated as the ratio of the new price to the market price recorded on the energy market in the base year. Calculations based on real data of the Ukraine’s IES for 2021 showed that if there were no RES in the energy system structure, the market price for electricity would be 2.17 times lower than the actual price. Research of the price index on the energy market of Ukraine at the development of its IES in accordance with the approved government documents showed that at the level of 2030 the average price for electricity will increase by 3.74 times. The country's economy will not be able to withstand such an electricity prices increasing. To solve this problem of national importance, a fundamentally new approach must be implemented. One of the effective solutions is the organization of RES functioning based on the principle of self-sufficiency, when RES ensures frequency and power stability with its own energy. Keywords: market price, price index, energy system, energy market, preference, payback.

Принцип самодостаточности терминологического словаря в контексте проблемы когнитивности

The role of the principle of self-sufficiency in providing cognitive properties of educational terminological dictionaries and narrow-profile dictionaries representing microterminosystems of medicine and biology is analyzed. The most general features of dictionaries that hinder the cognitive process and make it difficult to master the terminological system as a whole are considered. These include the use of terms that have not been defined in the dictionary, the lack of attention to the presentation of synonyms, and the use of a cluster arrangement of terms in an educational dictionary. The main reasons for the departure from self-sufficiency and measures to comply with it are discussed.

We've reached the GOAL. Teaching Methodology for Transforming Learning in the METAVERSE. A teaching innovation project

Starting from the innovation articulating principles as pillars for updating and educational excellence, it is pertinent to remark on the need to generate new ways to carry out the training processes to respond to students' interests in the digital age. In this line, one of the most pioneering innovations generated by the technological revolution has been the metaverse, a virtual world in which – out of digital devices – a great immersive experience and total interaction with its elements is generated in the user. Due to its short trajectory, the metaverse's potential in education is still waiting to be explored. This project aims to create an educational metaverse helping to develop the didactic contents of different curricular subjects to raise the teaching and learning process to a larger scale of immersion and innovation. For this purpose, a specific didactic methodology will be designed and implemented for training in the metaverse as well as the preparation and implementation of a competence-training program for creating and using virtual classrooms. This way, it will be possible to generate and transfer knowledge in the metaverse out of the improvement of the psychoeducational skills of students as well as to encourage inclusive education and the improvement of diversity care. The methodology this project will follow will be based on cooperative work and the principle of self-sufficiency for the efficient implementation of learning based on projects and problems to teach the didactic contents and achieve the learning objectives. All the above will start from a systematic strategy to follow up and evaluate the project's development and its impact.

Analyzing and Evaluating Economic Indicators and Occupational Safety to Raise Performance Efficiency in Industrial Company: Applied Research in the Babylon Cement Factory

Purpose: Using appropriate indicators to evaluate the efficiency of the economic performance and its ability to achieve its basic and planned goals, and the ability to make optimal use of productive capacities, available economic and human resources, in order to achieve profits. Theoretical framework: The cement industry in Iraq is considered one of the important industries for its role in the economic and development process, Therefore, those in charge of that industry should strive to find adequate and appropriate methods to develop production in quantity and quality to achieve the principle of self-sufficiency, one of the most important of these methods is the subject of evaluating the efficiency of the economic performance of existing projects for Take appropriate decisions that lead to achieving national economic development. Design/methodology/approach: Babel Cement Factory suffers from the existence of deviations represented in the decrease in the amount of kiln production, the high production costs and the failure to reach the planned production capacities. Findings: The economic evaluation criteria of the plant indicate that the year 2018 is better than the year 2017, and the reason is the increase in the amount of oil well cement production for the year 2018. The factory was supplied with quantities of clinker prepared from the Kufa Cement Factory, and this measure helped cover 12% of the salaries and wages value for the year 2018. Research, Practical & Social implications: The processes of analyzing and evaluating economic factors contribute to improving the performance of companies by focusing on critical factors, developing and adopting them according to the requirements of the labor market and fulfilling the local need for the company’s products using advanced environmentally friendly production equipment, as well as contributing to providing a healthy environment for employees and the surrounding communities. Originality/value: The results indicate the need to pay attention to modern technical developments and to use equipment with high productivity and a quality level that meets the requirements of the local need in construction and reconstruction, and to reduce the potential environmental impacts.

ACTUALIZATION OF HUMANISTIC POTENTIAL OF STUDENTS’ FOREIGN LANGUAGE TRAINING

The article clarifies the essence of the humanistic tradition in teaching foreign languages to students, substantiates the need for actualising the humanistic potential of foreign language training for the purpose of intellectual and spiritual enhancement of the individual, as a result of realizing the creative nature of language, which is an external manifestation of the spirit of the nation that enables thinking and cognition. Since each language structures objective reality and describes the familiar world in its own way, familiarization in the process of mastering a foreign language with another culture, another language system and means of interpreting reality constitutes the humanistic value of foreign language training, which takes the individual to a new level of world perception in the general cultural context, in which the highest priority is personality, humanity, dignity, freedom of choice, and the rule of law, etc. Thus, the relevance of this study lies in clarifying the regularities of foreign language training of students from the point of view of the intellectual and spiritual development of the individual in the process of his professional formation under the conditions of globalization and internationalization of modern society, whose security is ensured, first, by the professional and humanistic potential of the nation, accumulated in the context of high-quality education.
 In view of the demand for humanization of knowledge in the information society, the aim of this study is to highlight the need for actualizing the humanistic potential of foreign language training, which is considered through the prism of intellectual and spiritual improvement of the individual when learning foreign languages. The main tasks of the research are to clarify the essence of this potential and determine the mechanisms of its realisation, especially in the aspect of students' effective mastery of a foreign language in the process of personal and professional development, whose integral component is the improvement of cognitive-communicative and emotional-communicative spheres of personality. The methodological basis for consideration of the raised issues is the generalization of psychological-pedagogical and linguistic science about the role of language in learning and mastering socio-cultural experience, about the patterns of personality formation in the process of cognitive activity in the general cultural context.
 The results of the conducted research are a number of generalizations regarding the need for filling interaction in society, in particular professional communication with a humanistic meaning, which emphasizes the humanistic and therapeutic role of communicative culture, determined by certain value norms and principles, among which the priority is the principle of self-sufficiency of the individual, and the principle of tolerance, that is a friendly attitude towards dissimilar opinions and alternative beliefs. Consequently, this determines the realization of the humanistic potential of foreign language training of students, whose fundamental principle should be the humanization of knowledge, that is, turning to such a system of values and criteria, which proclaims treating a person as the highest value, protecting the individual's right to freedom, happiness, comprehensive development and manifestation of one's abilities, as well as the possibility of self-actualization and self-realization of one's nature, emphasizing, at the same time, the need for a reasonable approach to such concepts as freedom, human dignity, correct behaviour and a wide range of human rights as the basis of human existence. At the same time, highly important is the conclusion about improvement of consciousness and self-awareness of students in the process of foreign language training by means of expanding their intelligence and freedom from stereotypes and excessive restrictions to help them realize their inner essence, having the possibility of free choice, which is the main value for humanists.

АНАЛИЗ ПРИБЫЛИ, РЕНТАБЕЛЬНОСТИ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ

The goal of every entrepreneur is to extract the maximum possible profit from their activities. Definitely lose the product. In a competitive environment, it is difficult to attract the attention of buyers. The gradual increase in profit is an indicator of the efficiency of the enterprise. This is a complex system that requires constant analysis of all aspects of the business: production, profit, profitability. Step–by-step analysis of the profit and profitability of the enterprise is one of the fundamental problems of economics. Each enterprise independently carries out its production and economic activities, following the principles of self-sufficiency and profitability. One profit, which is an absolute indicator, is not able to answer the question of the level of efficiency of the enterprise, the efficiency of capital use, product sales, management of its own working capital. This requires a comprehensive analysis of the financial activities of the enterprise, including both profitability and profitability of the enterprise. At the moment, there are quite a lot of enterprises in the economy of the Russian Federation that are financially unstable. This is due to an increase in the cost of production, tax benefits, and wages. These processes are accompanied by a decrease in competitiveness. To make a profit, it is necessary to pay attention to the market conditions, as well as the internal capabilities of the enterprise. Profit plays an important role in the economic system of the company. It is the main means of productive economic and social development. The formation of a competent profit management policy in the company will help solve some of the problems as soon as they arise. Profit is an economically important category that underlies the prosperity of the enterprise, which requires constant monitoring of the main factors affecting it.

일본 오픈이노베이션 정부정책 및 기업활동과 한국에 대한 시사점

Purpose: The purposes of this research are to review Japanese government policies and business activities as to open innovation and to suggest implications for Korean government and firms.
 Research design, data, and methodology: Previous researches on open innovation in Korea were reviewed and the contribution of this research was discussed. Then, an analytical framework based on national innovation system was developed for this research. Referring to the framework, this article focused on the role of the Japanese government policies and the activities of Japanese large firms for promoting open innovation in Japanese society.
 Results: With the investigation of Japanese government policies and business activities related to open innovation, this article found the following things. At first, as to the overview of Japanese R&D situation, the R&D expenditure of Japan has stagnated since the global financial crisis and nowadays the R&D expenditure to GDP ratio of Japan is behind those of Korea and the U.S. In addition, the source and expenditure structure of R&D budget in Japan reflects the principle of self-sufficiency (Jimaesyugi) of Japanese firms. From 2000s, Japanese society began to realize environmental changes and the need for open innovation which emphasizes collaboration with outside organizations. Then, the Japanese government tried to develop and execute various policies to accelerate open innovation in Japanese society. In addition, Japanese large firms initiated diverse activities for open innovation, which are shown in the cases of two Japanese firms, Konica Minolta and Denso.
 Implications: This study tried to suggest implications for Korean government and firms, referring to Japanese experiences as to open innovation. As implications to the Korean government, it emphasized the following points: the need for pan-governmental endeavor to boost open innovation, introduction of a tax reduction system accelerating open innovation, implementation of open innovation policies based on the viewpoint of innovation ecosystem, and revitalization of open innovation with information provision and award systems. Implications to Korean firms were also suggested, such as the need for strong attention and effort to open innovation by top management with strategic viewpoint, and establishment of inside organizations specializing in open innovation and active utilization of human resources from outside.

Biomethane Community: A Research Agenda towards Sustainability

The bioeconomy is an effective solution to align with the sustainability agenda and to meet the pressing calls for action from Cop26 on a global scale. The topic of the circular bioeconomy has gained a key role in the literature, while the theme of energy community is a basic form of social aggregation among stakeholders. This work focuses on biomethane and proposes a framework based on several criteria that are evaluated using a hybrid Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and 10-point scale methodology. The results show that regulation and energy community are considered the two most relevant categories. The overall ranking of criteria sees the stakeholders’ engagement as the most important, followed by more significant subsidies for small- and medium-sized plants and the principle of self-sufficiency applied at the inter-regional level. Subsequently, the Italian Adriatic corridor composed of four MMAP (Marche, Molise, Abruzzo, and Puglia) regions is considered as a case study in order to evaluate the possible environmental (854 thousand tons CO2eqyear) and economic (from 49 million EUR to 405 million EUR in function of plant size) benefits associated with potential biomethane production of 681.6 million m3. It is found that the biomethane community is an enabler of sustainability and this strategy can be used for sharing different natural resources.

The Role of «Soft» State Support in Developing Large Business

The article analyses the consequences of dividing large companies into priority and non-priority ones for the state by including them in the List of the system-forming companies and carrying out appropriate support procedures in relation to them. We have shown that such procedures for the state were rather institutional than financial and costly since support was transferred to large state-owned banks that carried out it while maintaining the principles of self-sufficiency of investments. Comparison of two samples of companies included in this List and their counterparts, not from the List demonstrates a clear difference in their dynamics before the adoption of the List and after it. Priority companies are steadily and many times (3–4 times) growing in terms of revenue, non-priority ones “stagnate”, remaining practically at the same level even at current prices. The almost one-time division of companies by priority in 2009 turned out to be stable over the next decade, which allows us to speak of the resulting redistribution of markets and their transformation in favour of the groups of leaders formed due to it in the respective industry markets. The analysis allows us to evaluate this example as a weak institutional impact, with a noticeable sectoral and macroeconomic effect. We noted that a change in the architecture of markets after the described impact leads not only to a change in the strategies of their participants but also to a restructuring of mechanisms of state regulation.

Summer Camps for Schoolchildren in the System for the Prevention of Teenage Neglect and Crime in the 1960s — mid-1970s

In the 1960s and 1970s there was a significant increase in juvenile delinquency in urban and rural areas. The tightening of measures to combat it did not radically change the situation, and the country’s leadership began to pay great attention to educational work, which was mainly entrusted to the Komsomol. One of the priority directions in the work of the Komsomol in this period was the organization of summer vacations for children. There was a search and testing of new forms of work, which was expressed in the creation of new types of summer camps for schoolchildren. On the basis of a wide range of archival materials, primarily reports from the departments of the school Komsomol, the process of creating camps in the city and the countryside is analyzed, and the problems that the Komsomol committees faced in the process of this work are highlighted. First of all, there is a lack of funding. It is shown that the labor and recreation camps for high school students who were striving to exist on the principles of self-sufficiency, created during this period, began to acquire great popularity. At the same time, labor, military, sports, and tourist camps for adolescents registered in the children’s room of the police began to be created. In this regard, there was a problem with training counselors for such camps. The Moscow city committee of the Komsomol was the first to begin training counselors from among student activists. The analysis of archival materials shows that regarding urban schoolchildren during the study period, various types of camps were created for all age groups. The situation was different in rural areas. For the first time, inter-collective farm camps began to appear in the districts, however, they did not become widespread.

CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES OF STATE REGULATION OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT

Introduction. The article is devoted to topical issues of territorial development on the basis of self-sufficiency, development of scientific principles of territorial communities spatial development and features of state regulation of this process on the basis of authorities decentralization. The purpose of the article. The purpose of the article is to put forward hypotheses; substantiation of the provisions of the concept about spatial development of territorial communities, the theoretical basis of the concept, principles, approaches and methods of implementing the concept. Methods. Methods of logical generalization; theoretical analysis; comparative analysis and hypothetical-deductive method were used in writing the scientific article. Results. Scientific hypotheses are put forward and the provisions of the concept of state regulation of territorial communities spatial development are substantiated: development of united territorial communities is possible only on the basis of a systematic approach to spatial, socio-economic development, improvement of local self-government and modernization of administrative-territorial structure; spatial and socio-economic development of the united territorial communities is based on providing the territories with the fixed own resources and the corresponding powers and responsibilities; territorial boundaries of communities should be formed on the basis of reasonable criteria for possible self-development; instruments of state stimulation and support of united territorial communities vary depending on their type; tools for patrol development of territorial communities are based on geographic information systems. It is proved that the state regulation of spatial development consists in the state information and educational; organizational; methodological and financial support for the development of territorial communities and in the state stimulation of self-development of territories. Conclusions. The main statements of this article will contribute to the formation of a balanced state policy of regulating the spatial development of united territorial communities on the principles of self-sufficiency.

CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES OF STATE REGULATION OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT

Introduction. The article is devoted to topical issues of territorial development on the basis of self-sufficiency, development of scientific principles of territorial communities spatial development and features of state regulation of this process on the basis of authorities decentralization. The purpose of the article. The purpose of the article is to put forward hypotheses; substantiation of the provisions of the concept about spatial development of territorial communities, the theoretical basis of the concept, principles, approaches and methods of implementing the concept. Methods. Methods of logical generalization; theoretical analysis; comparative analysis and hypothetical-deductive method were used in writing the scientific article. Results. Scientific hypotheses are put forward and the provisions of the concept of state regulation of territorial communities spatial development are substantiated: development of united territorial communities is possible only on the basis of a systematic approach to spatial, socio-economic development, improvement of local self-government and modernization of administrative-territorial structure; spatial and socio-economic development of the united territorial communities is based on providing the territories with the fixed own resources and the corresponding powers and responsibilities; territorial boundaries of communities should be formed on the basis of reasonable criteria for possible self-development; instruments of state stimulation and support of united territorial communities vary depending on their type; tools for patrol development of territorial communities are based on geographic information systems. It is proved that the state regulation of spatial development consists in the state information and educational; organizational; methodological and financial support for the development of territorial communities and in the state stimulation of self-development of territories. Conclusions. The main statements of this article will contribute to the formation of a balanced state policy of regulating the spatial development of united territorial communities on the principles of self-sufficiency.

CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES OF STATE REGULATION OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT

Introduction. The article is devoted to topical issues of territorial development on the basis of self-sufficiency, development of scientific principles of territorial communities spatial development and features of state regulation of this process on the basis of authorities decentralization. The purpose of the article. The purpose of the article is to put forward hypotheses; substantiation of the provisions of the concept about spatial development of territorial communities, the theoretical basis of the concept, principles, approaches and methods of implementing the concept. Methods. Methods of logical generalization; theoretical analysis; comparative analysis and hypothetical-deductive method were used in writing the scientific article. Results. Scientific hypotheses are put forward and the provisions of the concept of state regulation of territorial communities spatial development are substantiated: development of united territorial communities is possible only on the basis of a systematic approach to spatial, socio-economic development, improvement of local self-government and modernization of administrative-territorial structure; spatial and socio-economic development of the united territorial communities is based on providing the territories with the fixed own resources and the corresponding powers and responsibilities; territorial boundaries of communities should be formed on the basis of reasonable criteria for possible self-development; instruments of state stimulation and support of united territorial communities vary depending on their type; tools for patrol development of territorial communities are based on geographic information systems. It is proved that the state regulation of spatial development consists in the state information and educational; organizational; methodological and financial support for the development of territorial communities and in the state stimulation of self-development of territories. Conclusions. The main statements of this article will contribute to the formation of a balanced state policy of regulating the spatial development of united territorial communities on the principles of self-sufficiency.

PANDEMIC, GLOBAL ECONOMIC CRISIS AND FOOD SECURITY OF THE COUNTRY

Agriculture is an important and organic part of the national economy of any country. Its role is great in ensuring the country's food security, improving the balance of payments and strengthening state independence. The state and proportions of development of other sectors of the national economy depend on the level and speed of development of agricultural production. This connection is reflected in both technical-technological and industrial-economic connections. At the same time, this connection is bilateral, with the increase of agricultural production, the structure and quality of food of the population improves, the volume of imported food decreases, which has a positive impact on reducing the balance of payments deficit and increasing the degree of independence of the country. Due to the important role of agriculture, the field received a lot of attention in the first years of the restoration of independence, which is confirmed by the agrarian policy developed and implemented during that period, whose primary task was to ensure the country's food security and strengthen food independence. In connection with the important role of agriculture in the first years of the restoration of independence of the region, much attention was paid, which is confirmed by the agricultural policy developed and implemented during this period, the main task of which was to ensure the country's food security and strengthen food independence. At the same time, it was a great challenge for a country with a devastated economy, followed by significant reforms in agriculture, restructuring of the sector and the creation of an appropriate legal framework, the integration of state regulation of the market economy and self-regulatory mechanisms. However, under the influence of a number of external and internal factors, it was not possible to fully implement the developed agrarian policy. Agriculture is still characterized by low productivity and, consequently, by a small share in the sectoral structure of the national economy. The country has serious problems in supplying and providing vital agricultural products such as wheat, corn, potatoes, vegetables, meat and poultry. The global pandemic and the resulting global economic crisis have put the issue of solving the country’s food security problem on the agenda. To this end, the revitalization of rural areas, social stability and balancing the level of migration from rural to urban areas should be a priority. Establishing food security is a complex task and is primarily the responsibility of the government. There is no universal mechanism for solving the global food security problem in the world today. This problem must be solved at the national level, as food security is considered to be a level of national food production that allows the principle of self-sufficiency of the population and state reserves with food to be implemented in accordance with scientifically substantiated norms. The current severe economic crisis in the country has further intensified the social background and demanded the strengthening of the stimulating and organizing function of the state. The issue of state regulation of the agricultural sector should be considered in close connection with the development of entrepreneurship and self-regulation of production at the micro level, and priority should be given to measures that maximize the adaptation of producers to market economic conditions, increase production efficiency and competitiveness, which will ultimately contribute to the saturation of the market with domestic products and state food security. It should also be noted that recent years and even more so the pandemic process, have once again confirmed the notions of omnipotence on the market mechanism. The market does not have a magic wand that will solve all the problems by itself and regulate the existing problems. The myth of the role of the "invisible hand" and the crisis itself is a thing of the past. The modern world community supports the social orientation of the economy, therefore "realizing the dangerous nature of social polarization", which can not be solved by bypassing state regulation and mechanisms.

Aktualni pytannia stratehichnoho planuvannia mistsevoho ekonomichnoho rozvytku Khmelnytskoi oblasti

Theoretical bases and practical recommendations on strategic planning of local economic development of Khmelnytskyi region are investigated. To this end, the theoretical foundations and peculiarities of the local development strategy are considered, development indicators are analysed and recommendations for improving the level of economic development of Khmelnytskyi region are provided. The essence of strategic planning as a component of the holistic system of local economic development planning is studied. The content of the concept of strategic planning is described. Recommendations are provided for improving mechanisms, such as: local targeted programs, public-private partnerships, local guarantees and social and corporate responsibility projects. It is determined that public-private partnership will allow the authorities to meet the needs of economic development through investment funds. It is proposed to take into account economic security indicators in the development strategy of the region and identify those responsible for their achievement, which will solve the problems of economic security in the future. It is proposed to apply the principle of self-sufficiency in financing the strategy, to strengthen the monitoring system in the development of the strategy, to involve qualified employees from local authorities and business in the development of the strategy. It is recommended to develop programs and projects aimed at attracting investment, supporting entrepreneurship, starting new businesses, maintaining existing businesses, developing local markets and more. The article states that the legal framework of local strategic planning is currently being formed, so in the future we can expect the emergence of a number of new documents and methodological developments that will improve the level of development of the region. Based on this, it is recommended to develop regional plans to increase the investment attractiveness of the region through the preliminary study of its investment environment.

The Formation of the International Imperatives of the National (Food) Security Coefficient in Ukraine under Globalization

The purpose of the study is to review the academic literature on food security issues in order to examine the indicators of rational and minimal nutrition, facilitating the analysis of the existing system of indicators by which to assess the state of the food security system in a country. The aim of the article is to investigate and demonstrate the imperatives behind the formation of Ukraine’s national (food) security in the context of globalization. National food security in the broad sense should be considered as the state of the economy, and more narrowly – as the guaranteed ability of a state to meet the needs of the population by providing each citizen with the required volume, range and quality of food at a level that ensures the health and intellectual development of the individual, based on the principles of self-sufficiency of basic products and their economic and physical accessibility, regardless of the influence of external and internal factors. The Global Food Security Index Ranks of the European Union and Ukraine are analyzed. Consumer expenditure on food consumed at home in Ukraine is analyzed in the article. Average food security indicators of the EU and Ukraine are analyzed for 2001–2018, in particular for food exports, food imports, food production index, food, beverages and tobacco. The dynamics and forecasts of wheat and maize harvest and crop production in Ukraine and the EU are compared. The analysis of the Suite of Food Security Indicators of the EU and Ukraine is presented alongside a comprehensive analysis of the multifactor regression model of Food Production Index from foreign direct investment, net inflows, GDP growth, GNI per capita growth, short-term debt, tax revenue, total natural resources rents, and trade. The analysis has shown that for the analysis of the food production index it is effective to build a regression model, because it allows not only to estimate the degree of influence of the factor on the result, but also to most effectively predict the size of the food production index for the future.