This study examines the integration of educational historical methodology as a scientific instrument in reconstructing Islamic education narratives in an objective and contextual manner grounded in authoritative primary and secondary sources. The research is motivated by the tendency within Islamic educational historiography to remain normative, descriptive, and insufficiently critical in examining the validity and reliability of historical sources. This research employs a qualitative approach through library research, involving a systematic exploration and analysis of manuscripts, archival materials, classical documents, and relevant contemporary academic literature. The analytical process follows the stages of heuristics, external and internal source criticism, interpretation, and systematic as well as argumentative historiographical writing. The findings indicate that integrating educational historical methodology enables the reconstruction of narratives that are more objective, analytical, and contextually grounded by taking into account the social, political, intellectual, and cultural dimensions present in each phase of Islamic educational development. The critical verification of primary sources, combined with scholarly engagement with reputable secondary literature, enhances the scientific validity of the study. Thus, educational historical methodology functions not merely as a tool for reconstructing the past, but also as a reflective framework for formulating the future direction of Islamic education that is relevant, adaptive, and sustainable in the contemporary era.

Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) in liquid food: From occurrence, health risks and migration mechanisms to AI-enabled analytical and circular solutions.

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of an intervention, a "CURE lecture" approach, that introduced course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE) strategies into the lecture setting. Rather than learning biological explanations from a traditional textbook, instead students studied primary literature curated in a reformed research-focused textbook and had discussions of data and experimental design. In control cohorts, reformed active and cooperative pedagogies were used in lecture to engage students in learning traditional textbook content. In experimental cohorts, "lecture" format was replaced with active and cooperative "journal club" discussions of published experiments. Prior studies examined use of research-focused Integrating Concepts in Biology (ICB) textbook readings in two sequential introductory biology courses. In this study, assessments focused on student learning gains after a single semester. Klymkowsky's Biology Concept Inventory with known misconceptions as distractors and Loznak's Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) instrument used for over a decade prior joined longitudinal tracking to evaluate impact of intervention. The ICB student cohort had higher scores (46.3% vs. 34.3%) than the control cohort on the concept inventory and on the MCAT questions performed comparably in the range achieved by peer control students since the year 2000. Longitudinal tracking revealed that ICB students immediately outperformed peers in their next biology course the following semester. The literature suggested that a two-semester ICB experience helped students better succeed, and these findings support that even a shorter exposure, of just a single semester, to the CURE lecture strategy is impactful to students.NEW & NOTEWORTHY A "CURE lecture" approach was used in physiology majors' first introductory biology course, where journal club strategies replaced lecture in class meetings. Rather than lectures on biological explanations from a traditional textbook, students constructed their knowledge via primary literature readings in a reformed textbook aided by discussions of data and experimental design. When assessed by a MCAT instrument, Biology Concept Inventory, and tracking student performance, the experimental student cohort outperformed the peer control cohort.

Ecotoxicology of microplastics in water ecosystems and aquatic organisms: A review of synergistic and antagonistic effects of microplastics on other xenobiotics.

Serious psychological distress, unmet mental health treatment needs, and help-seeking among Asian American adults in New York City: A population-based study.

Vitamin C in fruits and vegetables: stability, processing effects, analytical detection, nutrient interactions, bioavailability, and health implications.

Gut microbiota, blood feeding sources, and Trypanosoma cruzi infection in Rhodnius colombiensis from center-west of Colombia.

Source identification of sub-10nm particles through air dispersion modeling.

Feeding selectivity of three fouling organisms and their relationship with phytoplankton community composition.

Investigating the origins of carbon sources and mechanistic pathways in the electrochemical conversion of CO2 from carbon capture electrolyte is essential for the rational design, optimization, and scale-up of reactive carbon capture processes; however, these mechanisms still remain inadequately understood. Therefore, clarifying the carbon source and reaction pathway is vital for efficient electrochemical CO2 conversion in carbon capture electrolyte. In this study, in situ/operando attenuated total reflection surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (ATR-SEIRAS), surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and online differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) are employed to identify (carbon sources) and elucidate reaction pathways during the electrochemical reduction of amine-CO2 capture electrolyte. In electrolytes containing primary and secondary amines, CO2 is captured to form carbamates (R1R2NCOO-). These carbamates serve as key electrochemically active species during the electrochemical reduction process, which are directly reduced to carbon monoxide via a direct pathway. In electrolytes containing tertiary or sterically hindered amines, CO2 is captured to form bicarbonate (HCO3 -). This bicarbonate then undergoes an indirect reduction pathway: it first releases CO2 in situ at the electrode surface. This released CO2 acts as the primary reactive intermediate and is subsequently reduced to carbon monoxide. Notably, in both direct and indirect pathways, protonated amines serve as the primary proton source for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). This study employs multiple in situ/operando experimental techniques to demonstrate how different types of amines influence electrochemically active species and pathways during electrochemical reduction in carbon capture electrolyte. The findings provide deeper and novel insights into the mechanism of amine-based reactive carbon capture, providing guidance for optimizing dual-functional electrolytes, electrocatalysts, and reactor designs in reactive carbon capture.

Although urolithiasis is relatively common, urethral stones are rare, with an incidence of less than 0.3%. They are particularly uncommon in children, occurring 20 times less frequently than in adults, and are rarely seen in females as compared to males. The presence of an obstructing urethral stone resulting in acute urinary retention constitutes a urological emergency and requires immediate intervention. We present an unusual case of impacted urethral stones in a female child who presented to the Paediatric surgery emergency department at Mayo hospital, Lahore on 22nd October 2024. The diagnosis was established based on clinical history and examination, and the stones were retrieved under general anaesthesia. Further evaluation identified no underlying metabolic or anatomical abnormalities, suggesting that the stones originated from the primary urinary source. This case underscores the importance of considering urethral stones in the differential diagnosis of paediatric urinary tract obstruction, despite its rarity. Keywords: Female urethral calculi, acute urinary retention, urologic emergency.

Post-clean air action plan challenges in China: A prolonged winter haze in the Yangtze River Delta from 2023 to 2024.

Role of reactive oxygen species in polycystic ovary syndrome: signalling pathways, mechanisms, and traditional Chinese medicine treatment strategies.

Comparative evaluation of LAB proteolytic activities in soy-based dairy alternatives and bovine milk for selecting plant-based food starter strains.

Differential modulation of contextual fear conditioning by orexin receptors in the dorsal hippocampus.

A comprehensive review of the primary sources of uncertainty in stone armor stability

Opening Pandora's box: First insights into the genetic diversity of Aphanomyces astaci in Switzerland.

Dissolved and particulate phosphorus turnover in a river dominated marginal sea traced by cosmogenic 32P and 33P.

Deep learning in central serous chorioretinopathy.

Transport of metals in surface estuary water, core sediment, roots and leaves of mangrove ecosystem in Bangladesh: Bioaccumulation and ecological risk assessment.