ABSTRACT This study examines and analyzes the effect of health consciousness, awareness, subjective norm, and trust on consumers' purchase intention of dietary supplements and their willingness to pay a price premium. Data were collected from 1717 participants in Türkiye through an online survey using a convenience sampling technique, and the hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling (SEM) with AMOS 24. The findings indicate that subjective norms, trust, and awareness positively affect purchase intention in the context of dietary supplements, whereas health consciousness does not. Moreover, subjective norms and trust have a positive impact on willingness to pay a price premium, whereas health consciousness and awareness do not show a significant effect. These results provide insights into how trust and social influence shape purchasing decisions and price tolerance for dietary supplements, offering valuable guidance for marketers in designing communication and positioning strategies in post‐pandemic markets.

Valuing sustainability: Price premiums for dolphin-safe and MSC-certified canned tuna

Alberta beef industry stakeholders' perspectives towards adoption of preconditioning practices: A thematic analysis.

Will you pay a premium price? Consumer preferences for moringa-based functional food products in Malawi

This study examined the impact of medical tourism service quality on willingness to pay a premium price, with particular focus on service value as a mediator. A survey was conducted with 319 Chinese medical tourists to Korea, and the data were analyzed using SPSS and the Process Macro. The key findings from the analysis are as follows. First, all five sub-dimensions of medical tourism service quality—reliability, responsiveness, assurance, convenience, and tangibility—had significant positive effects on service value. Second, service value positively influenced willingness to pay premium prices. Third, when direct effects of the service quality dimensions on willingness to pay premium prices were analyzed, reliability, responsiveness, convenience, and tangibility showed significant impacts, whereas the influence of assurance was not significant. Fourth, the mediation analysis revealed that service value significantly mediated the relationships between the service quality dimensions (i.e., reliability, responsiveness, convenience, and tangibility) and willingness to pay premium prices. By systematically identifying the differential effects and mediating roles of each service quality dimension, this study highlights their strategic importance. In particular, the findings confirm that reliability and responsiveness exert the strongest influence on both service value and willingness to pay premium prices, suggesting that systematic management and enhancement of these two dimensions could serve as a core competitive strategy in the design and operation of future medical tourism services.

IntroductionThe high cost of anticancer drugs has raised concerns due to the financial burden on patients and pressure on healthcare systems. We examine the relation between pricing premiums, price revision, and clinical value for anticancer drugs approved in Japan.MethodsWe included anticancer drugs approved in Japan from 2013 to 2023. Differences in clinical value, as measured by the European Society for Medical Oncology Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale (ESMO-MCBS), among drugs receiving different premium proportions, were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated between treatment costs and clinical outcomes and value, including progression-free survival (PFS) gain, overall survival (OS) gain, objective response rate (ORR) gain and ESMO-MCBS. We also compared the magnitude of price revisions and price reductions with different clinical values. We used regression analysis to explore the association between clinical value, price revision, and influencing factors.ResultsOur cohort included 94 anticancer drugs and 119 key clinical trials. 39 drugs (41.49%) received premium pricing, while 55 drugs (58.51%) did not. Drugs with pricing premiums had higher ESMO scores than those without (3 vs. 2; P = 0.0013), with ESMO scores showing an increasing trend as the proportion of additional scores rose. Pearson correlation analysis revealed no significant association between daily treatment cost and ESMO score (r = 0.025, P = 0.79), PFS gain (r = −0.12, P = 0.37), OS gain (r = −0.25, P = 0.066), or ORR gain (r = 0.049, P = 0.8). Additionally, no significant differences were observed between high clinical value drugs (ESMO = 4–5) and low-to-medium clinical value drugs (ESMO = 1–3) in median price revision percentage and median price reduction percentage (−0.02% vs. 0.00%, P = 0.65; −9.86% vs. −13.55%, P = 0.607). Moreover, multivariate linear regression analysis revealed no association between ESMO scores, premium proportion, PFS gain, OS gain, ORR gain, approval year (P = 0.32; P = 0.06; P = 0.71; P = 0.06; P = 0.50; P = 0.51).DiscussionOur study found that Japan’s price premium reflects clinical value and provides incentives for high-clinical-value anticancer drugs. However, during both initial pricing and subsequent revision phases, there is room for improvement in aligning drug prices with clinical value. Policymakers should further refine pricing and revision systems to more effectively promote clinical value-driven drug pricing.

Manufacturing firms may lose profits after a servitization transition due to a mismatch between service offerings and demand, causing them to fall into the servitization paradox. The purpose of this paper is to address the reality of the mismatch between the heterogeneous needs of consumers and the levels of services provided by firms. This paper constructs a two-stage game model and proposes a servitization pricing strategy based on consumers’ willingness to pay. The results show that a premium pricing strategy yields optimal profits; a value-for-money pricing strategy is preferred only when consumers’ willingness to pay is extremely high. Further, we propose to optimize the level of demand matching by matching hidden demand. Considering the characteristics of services, this paper proposes programs based on experience and word-of-mouth marketing to achieve hidden demand matching. It was verified that based on Nash equilibria, the level of supply–demand matching and the profit of firms were improved. In practice, this research provides firms with guidance on servitization pricing strategies and offers a reference path to break the servitization paradox.

In highly competitive markets, companies adopt various strategies to sustain and expand their market position. Price war, characterized by aggressive price reductions, often provides short-term sales growth but undermines long-term profitability and brand equity. In contrast, value war emphasizes differentiation, innovation, and customer experience to create sustainable competitive advantage. This conceptual paper synthesizes recent literature (2015–2024) to examine the strategic implications of both approaches. Findings indicate that while price wars can temporarily increase market share, they typically erode margins and commoditize offerings. Value wars, however, foster customer loyalty, enhance customer lifetime value, and support premium pricing. This study recommends that firms transition toward value-based strategies to strengthen long-term competitiveness.

Fashion retailers face a critical sequencing dilemma in their digital transformation journey, with 87% of analytics efforts failing to bridge technical investment to concrete business results. This paper addresses this analytics value gap by introducing a three-stage evolution model that allows fashion retailers to build analytics capability systematically to maximize business impact. Based on marketplace data including 5,381 fashion items and analyzed through ROI calculation and machine-learning comparison, we show that the data quality foundation (Stage 1) generates exceptionally high returns, at a ratio of 17.5:1 in ROI. The returns in subsequent stages are lower with 8.0:1 in Stage 2 and 4.5:1 in Stage 3. Our modeling experiment reveals that sequential progression through maturity stages is critical, as skipping stages leads to performance degradation in forecasting accuracy. The framework provides fashion executives with an evidence-based roadmap for digital transformation, emphasizing sequential capability building and strategic resource allocation. Results also reveal that premium prices correlate positively with social engagement, while discounts show no strong association with product ratings, questioning standard markdown practices. We provide implementation guidance with clear transition criteria to support fashion retailers in evolving from analytics adoption to intelligence leadership.

Abstract The Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) certification has received significant recognition in several European countries, but its awareness remains limited in Japan, and there is little evidence that MSC-certified seafood commands a price premium in the Japanese market. This study investigates whether adding a photograph of a fisher practicing sustainable fishing can increase the perceived value of MSC-certified seafood. To test this, we conducted a tasting-based willingness-to-pay (WTP) experiment from 25 to 26 September 2023. Participants were randomly assigned to one of five groups with varying combinations of the MSC label and a fisher’s photograph, and then asked to taste medium-fatty and lean tuna sashimi. We then analyzed differences in their WTP and sensory evaluations. The results show that a fisher’s photograph had an independent positive effect on WTP among Japanese participants but did not generate any synergistic effect when combined with the MSC label. In addition, while the MSC label enhanced sensory evaluation scores, the photograph did not, indicating that its influence may be limited to perceived social or environmental value rather than taste. Given substantial heterogeneity in responses depending on product type and participants’ country of origin, further research with a larger and more diverse sample is necessary to draw generalizable conclusions.

Is there an additional price premium for single-family houses exposed to urban parks? Insights from causal spatio-temporal matching in Québec city.

Forest carbon buffers and sustainability-linked price premiums: Advancing climate resilience in Uttarakhand’s Himalayan forests

ATR-FTIR spectroscopy coupled with deep learning for the identification and quantitative detection of Panax notoginseng adulteration.

This study examines the economic impact of eco-labels and certification schemes on agricultural profitability through a comprehensive analysis of contemporary research and empirical evidence. Our methodology encompassed systematic review of 47 peer-reviewed studies published between 2023-2024, cross-sectional analysis of certification costs and benefits, and economic modelling of farm-level impacts across diverse agricultural systems. Results demonstrate that certified farms achieve an average price premium of 15.2% with a mean return on investment of 21.4% over a 2.9-year payback period. However, profitability varies significantly by farm size, certification type, and regional market conditions. Small-scale farmers face greater implementation challenges, while larger operations and cooperatives show superior economic outcomes. Consumer willingness to pay premiums averages 21.2%, with environmental and health-conscious segments demonstrating highest price tolerance. Despite initial transition costs averaging $525 per hectare, certified operations demonstrate enhanced market access, reduced input dependency, and improved long-term financial sustainability. The findings suggest that eco-labels and certification represent viable pathways to enhanced farm profitability when supported by appropriate market conditions, technical assistance, and policy frameworks.

ABSTRACT Using a city–firm–year panel dataset from China, this study explores the influence of extreme weather on the insurance industry from the perspective of claim–pricing mismatch and examines the limitations of insurance mechanisms under extreme weather conditions to suggest strategies to mitigate adverse outcomes. The principal findings are as follows: First, extreme weather at the city level substantially increases the amount of insurance claim payouts and claim shares for insurers in affected regions. Second, the premium pricing implemented by insurance institutions has not increased in tandem with the increase in claims caused by extreme weather. Third, enhancing the expertise of insurance company employees, expanding the size of firms, and seeking financial market support can mitigate the adverse effects of extreme weather on the insurance industry. This study contributes to the literature on the financial consequences of climate change by providing empirical evidence of its effects on the basis of a large sample from China. Additionally, this study explores the critical insurance institution operations that are affected by climate change. The findings offer insights for insurance industries in emerging markets responding to extreme weather.

This study investigates the interrelationships among self-medication management behavior, perceived consumer utility, brand reliability, and intention to pay premium price. Data were collected from female consumers aged 30-40 with experience purchasing self-medication products. 550 valid responses were analyzed using SPSS WIN 20.0. The research findings revealed that self-medication management behavior significantly influences perceived consumer utility, brand reliability, and intention to pay premium price. This implies that higher self-medication management behavior is associated with increased perceived consumer utility, enhanced brand reliability, and a stronger intention to pay a premium price. Furthermore, the study confirmed that brand reliability mediates the relationship between self-medication management behavior and intention to pay premium price, thereby confirming its crucial role. Therefore, it is anticipated that this study will stimulate diverse future research on self-medication and contribute valuable insights to the growth and advancement of the self-medication industry.

ABSTRACT Market uncertainties constitute a significant risk for smallholder farmers, particularly women. The COVID-19 crisis has underscored how entrenched gender norms are intensified during a period of crisis, thereby deepening existing gender-based constraints (GBCs) and limiting women’s opportunities in agri-businesses. Situated within the immediate aftermath of the post-COVID-19 context, this paper explores the lived experiences of women farmers in navigating GBCs and demonstrates how collective capabilities can challenge these barriers. Drawing on the approach and findings from a two-and-a-half-year participatory action research on women’s economic empowerment conducted in Nepal, we reveal that while social norms continue to dictate gender roles, traditional GBCs have evolved in response to infrastructural and technological developments, and they have manifested differently. However, enhanced capacities enabled women farmers to navigate niche market dynamics at higher nodes and secure premium prices for their produce. The approach to capabilities’ enhancement demands collaborative and context-suited actions, co-designed and co-implemented with women farmers and backed by related stakeholders. These findings highlight the transformative potential of building collective capabilities to address GBCs in smallholder farming by fostering women’s agency, enhancing their access to resources and strengthening institutional support for unlocking their economic potential in agri-business.

Rapid population growth and urbanization have intensified energy demand and climate vulnerability in cities, elevating the importance of urban green spaces and energy-efficient properties, which impact real estate values. This study uses a hedonic pricing model to assess how environmental amenities and energy efficiency influence property prices. We analysed sales contracts from 2022–2023 in Padua (Italy), enriched with spatial data on key environmental factors. Findings reveal a notable price premium associated with proximity to green spaces and waterways: for each hectare of park area, properties located within 100 m experience a 5.4% price increase, while each additional 100 meters from a waterway reduces apartment value by 3.7%. Additionally, apartments in energy class A or higher command a 30% higher price per square meter with respect to other energy classes. This research offers valuable insights into how urban green spaces and energy efficiency shape real estate values in rapidly urbanizing settings.

This research delves into the rapidly evolving green cosmetics landscape in India, offering a comprehensive analysis of market trends, challenges, and future opportunities within this growing sector. Green cosmetics, defined by their use of natural ingredients, eco-friendly packaging, and sustainable production methods, are increasingly gaining traction among Indian consumers. This shift is driven by heightened environmental consciousness, health-related concerns, and a broader cultural movement toward sustainability. The study identifies several key trends shaping the sector, including rising urban consumer adoption rates, diversification of product ranges by multinational and local brands, and growing investments in research and development for sustainable formulations. Urban adoption has surged significantly, with nearly 38% of urban consumers purchasing green cosmetics in the last six months compared to an estimated 12-15% five years ago. Skincare remains the dominant category, accounting for 62% of purchases among green cosmetic users, followed by hair care (41%), colour cosmetics (27%), and personal hygiene products (22%). Younger demographics are leading this transition, with 47% of consumers under 30 regularly opting for eco-friendly beauty products compared to 31% among those aged 30-45 and only 18% for those above 45 years. Despite these promising trends, the sector faces notable challenges. Premium pricing continues to be a significant barrier, with 67% of non-users citing cost as the primary deterrent. Supply chain complexities further exacerbate availability issues in semi-urban and rural markets, where specialized retail options remain scarce. Limited consumer awareness also poses a challenge; while 73% of postgraduates demonstrate a comprehensive understanding of green cosmetic concepts such as "organic" and "cruelty-free," awareness drops to 45% among undergraduates and only 28% among high school graduates. Regulatory inconsistencies further complicate market dynamics by allowing vague sustainability claims that undermine consumer trust. In conclusion, India’s green cosmetics market represents a dynamic sector undergoing significant transformation fuelled by changing consumer values, technological advancements, and global sustainability movements. While substantial challenges remain—ranging from premium pricing barriers to regulatory inconsistencies—the underlying trends indicate robust growth potential as industry stakeholders adapt their strategies to address these issues. As this evolution progresses, green cosmetics are poised to transition from niche alternatives to mainstream options within India's diverse beauty market. This research provides actionable insights for manufacturers, retailers, policymakers, and other stakeholders seeking to navigate this transformative landscape effectively while driving sustainable growth in India's beauty industry. Keywords: Green Cosmetics, Indian Market, Sustainable Beauty, Eco-friendly Products, Market Challenges, Consumer Trends

Ivory Coast accounts for approximately 40% of global cocoa production, with an annual average output of 2 million tons, consolidating its position as the world’s leading producer. Over 6 million people nearly one-quarter of the Ivorian population depend directly or indirectly on this sector. The quality of cocoa beans, particularly their degree of fermentation, plays a decisive role in determining the competitiveness of Ivorian cocoa on an international market that is increasingly demanding in terms of sensory attributes, food safety, and environmental sustainability. Fermentation, which contributes 25 to 30 % of the post-harvest added value, is a critical step that shapes the organoleptic properties (aroma, color, texture) of the final chocolate product. However, nearly 35% of exported beans exhibit defects related to incomplete or poorly managed fermentation, leading to economic losses estimated between 10 % and 30 % of the potential export value. These shortcomings are largely due to the heterogeneity of fermentation practices, in-adequate equipment, limited knowledge of microbial dynamics, and insufficient incentives for quality enhancement. This article explores current trends in cocoa bean fer-mentation in Ivory Coast through five key dimensions: 1) scientific and microbiological foundations of the process; 2) traditional practices and their limitations; 3) market requirements and economic challenges; 4) emerging technological and organizational innovations; and 5) future prospects for standardization and traceability. The study underscores the urgent need for national quality standards and differentiated valorization mechanisms for well-fermented beans, which can command premium prices of up to US/$300 per ton. Strengthening the technical capacity of local stakeholders, modernizing fermentation infrastructure, and integrating research-based innovations are essential levers to ensure the high marketability of Ivorian cocoa.