Previous Record Research Articles

From Herbarium to Landscape: New Records and Mapping Rare and Threatened Species of Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest.

The Atlantic Rainforest is a biodiversity hotspot with high endemism. Botanical sampling in its interior mountains is limited, affecting knowledge of locally endemic or undescribed species. The aim was to investigate the presence and distribution of rare and threatened species in different Atlantic Rainforest fragments. Atlantic Rainforest of Minas Gerais state, Brazilian southeastern. We used multi-level forest inventory data from 137 plots across nine Semideciduous Seasonal Forest fragments, sampled 1-9 times over 30 years. We selected species with ≤ 60 previous records, associating coordinates to plot distribution maps. We analyzed species' distribution in the biodiversity repositories SpeciesLink, JABOT, and GBIF to avoid omitting exclusive records on any of these platforms. We documented 17 new records and listed 243 previous records of 12 rare species in eight families. These species are endemic to the Atlantic Rainforest, with most showing some level of threat. The new records expanded species' occurrence zones, and Homalolepis insignis and Rhodostemonodaphne anomala were documented for the first time in Minas Gerais state, highlighting that collection in under-sampled regions is essential for improving species knowledge and reducing sampling bias. The previous record numbers varied across species, with misidentifications causing inconsistencies in occurrence records, particularly for Didymopanax longipetiolatus. Physical and digital collections need review to correct identification errors, synonyms used improperly, and imprecise coordinates. This information is crucial for identifying priority areas for conservation, especially rare and threatened species. A concerning lack of synchronization between scientific publications, biodiversity repositories, and government organizations may compromise policy development for environmental management and resource allocation to protect vulnerable areas.

Earth, Wind, and Fire: Are Boulder’s Extreme Downslope Winds Changing?

Abstract A Denver newspaper in 2016 reported that a new Colorado all-time record peak wind gust of 148 mph was recorded on 18 February 2016, on Monarch Pass in the Colorado Rockies near 11 000 ft above sea level. The article stated that this broke the previous record of 147 mph set on 25 January 1971 at the National Science Foundation (NSF) National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Mesa Laboratory, at an altitude of 6077 ft, on the western edge of Boulder, Colorado. Though there is no actual official peak gust record in Colorado, this raised the issue that Boulder had not recently experienced winds of the magnitude of the megadownslope windstorms that wracked the area in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s when extreme wind gusts recorded at the NSF NCAR Mesa Laboratory were not unusual. Due to Boulder’s location at the eastern foot of a north–south mountain range (Earth), it is susceptible to destructive downslope winds (wind) often accompanied by fires (fire) such as the downslope wind-driven Marshall Fire just east of Boulder on 30 December 2021 that destroyed nearly 1100 homes. But after the 1990s, the weather station anemometer at NSF NCAR did not record a peak gust much over 100 mph. What changed? This detective story describes the search for causes of the apparent decrease in strength of extreme windstorms at NSF NCAR and their impacts in the Boulder area. The suspects in Boulder include a change in instrument location, changes in building codes, and increasing roughness length from tree growth. But climate change emerges as a chief culprit.

IoT Based Weather Monitoring Data Acquisition System

An IoT-based weather monitoring system that collects and stores weather data allowing easier access and recording. It is also incorporated with the ability to predict future weather data based on previous recordings. Keeping track of weather conditions is one of the most concentrated areas in our current society. Weather monitoring systems are built to collect these data from a wide range of areas. And there exist satellite systems which do similar work over a wider range of area. The goal of this project is to develop weather monitoring system that can gather these same data over a given area over time. The system is made of hardware built with ESP8266 (NodeMCU) and a website. The hardware device and the server transfer data using the industry-standard HTTP connection protocol. There exist various sensors like temperature sensors, humidity sensors, rain sensors and pressure sensor which are suitable for the full functioning of the system. These sensors collect and transmit data to a server via a Wi-Fi module to be stored and can be accessed on the webpage. These data are then analyzed and used in predicting future data.

TAXONOMIC REVISION OF THE FAMILY CASUARINACEAE R. BR., 1814 (ORDER, FAGALES) IN EGYPT

The taxonomic features of the Casuarinaceae family were carefully examined to determine which characters were most trustworthy for taxonomic delimitation. Morphological characteristics that represented habit, leaf teeth, article, phyllichnia, male spike, female cone, samara, and seed were used in our evaluation. Fieldwork revealed that seven taxa were present, among which four species belonged to the genus Casuarina L., 1759. On the other hand, herbarium studies identified the previous record of three species belonging to the genus Allocasuarina L.A.S. Johnson, 1982, nevertheless could not be found in the field. Casuarina cunninghamiana Miq., 1848 and Casuarina equisetifolia L., 1759 were represented in Egypt by the subspecies cunninghamiana and the subspecies incana (Benth.) L.A.S. Johnson, 1982 respectively. For each taxon, a thorough description of the family, genus, and species was given, along with images and synonyms. Moreover, a constructed identification key to the taxa of Casuarinaceae is included. This investigation demonstrated the significance of morphological characteristics for taxonomic assessment among the Casuarinaceae taxa surveyed in Egypt. The numerical analysis supported the separation of the two genera, Allocasuarina and Casuarina.

Radical Changes in Political Campaign Strategy Prabowo Subianto's in the 2024 Presidential Election Indonesia

The 2024 presidential election in Indonesia witnessed significant changes in the political campaign strategy of Prabowo Subianto, characterized by a radical departure from previous approaches. This research employs critical discourse analysis methods and documentation studies to analyze the transformative shifts in Prabowo's campaign tactics. The findings reveal a strategic rebranding of Prabowo's image, transitioning from a firm and temperamental figure to a more cheerful and humanistic persona. This rebranding was facilitated by the adoption of shallow political gimmicks, including "gemoy memes," "free lunch," and "dance okay gas," which were disseminated extensively on social media platforms. Additionally, the campaign strategically distorted historical records related to human rights violations and other contentious issues, effectively burying Prabowo's previous track record. Despite controversies surrounding the election, Prabowo's rebranded communication approach succeeded in capturing the support of novice voters, particularly from the younger generation. The research concludes that these radical changes in campaign strategy were instrumental in Prabowo's electoral success, as evidenced by preliminary voting data indicating significant support from Generation Z voters.

West Nile Virus and Other Nationally Notifiable Arboviral Diseases - United States, 2023.

In the United States, arthropodborne viruses (arboviruses) are primarily transmitted by infected mosquitoes or ticks. Most infections are asymptomatic; symptomatic infections range from mild febrile illness to severe neuroinvasive disease. This report summarizes 2023 data for nationally notifiable domestic arboviral diseases. Forty-eight states and the District of Columbia reported 2,770 human arboviral disease cases, including 2,022 (73%) hospitalizations and 208 (8%) deaths. As in previous years, West Nile virus (WNV) was the most commonly reported domestic arboviral disease in 2023, accounting for 2,628 (95%) of all reported cases. A majority (91%) of case onsets occurred during July-September. Three WNV disease cases among patients infected though organ transplantation from two donors were reported in 2023. Powassan virus disease case reports were the second most common (n = 49), having increased from the previous record high in 2022, with onsets evenly distributed during April-December. La Crosse virus was the most common cause of arboviral disease among children, with most cases classified as neuroinvasive. Variations in annual arboviral disease incidence, distribution, and seasonal temporality highlight the importance of high-quality and timely surveillance. Clinicians should consider arboviral testing in patients with acute febrile or neurologic illness when mosquitoes and ticks are active and report positive test results to their health department. Reducing arboviral disease morbidity and mortality relies on population use of personal protective measures (e.g., insect repellent and protective clothing), implementing vector control efforts, and screening blood and organ donors for WNV.

Cold-start visualization recommendation driven by large language models for ocean data analysis

IntroductionMarine data is typically large-scale and complex, requiring effective visualization recommendation systems for data filtering and value extraction. The primary challenge in visualization automatic recommendation lies in the conflict between the inherent ambiguity of user intentions and the limitations of precise interaction methods. In the initial phase, users often lack well-defined analytical goals for the dataset, necessitating a cold-start and iterative interaction to clarify their goals. Moreover, although existing interaction methods are diverse, their precise control fails to effectively convey users' ambiguous intentions.MethodsTo address these issues, we introduce a novel cold-start visualization recommendation system that integrates a Large Language Model (LLM) and a Grammar Variational Autoencoder (GVAE). The LLM generates initial exploratory goals and visualization recommendations based on data descriptions, while the GVAE produces visual summary projections to verify the extent of user intent fulfillment. Additionally, users can roll back to previous record point to establish new analytical paths. This forms a comprehensive analysis framework for observation, reasoning, and backtracking. Users can adjust their exploration goals and refine their intent expressions based on projections through the LLM, iterating until the analysis is complete. The GVAE analyzes chart correlations and latent patterns, while the LLM converts ambiguous intentions into precise representations, with both working together to address the cold-start problem.Results and discussionThe effectiveness of this method in cold-start visualization recommendations and semantic-driven interactions has been validated through case studies and evaluations.

A new specimen of the early branching crocodyliform Platyognathus hsui extends the record of gobiosuchids back 67 million years

Abstract Crocodyliforms are poorly known from the Early Jurassic Lufeng Formation of China, and a new specimen of Platyognathus hsui is by far the most complete specimen yet known. It shares with the missing holotype and the neotype the very unusual features of a dentary caniniform that is polygonal in cross-section and the complete fusion of the dentary symphysis, and the new specimen provides four additional features diagnosing the species. Features such as a relatively broad rostrum and a posteroventrolateral process on the squamosal place it with taxa closer to extant crocodylians than are Orthosuchus and Protosuchus, as an early branching relative of the Gobiosuchidae. The oldest previous record of the gobiosuchid lineage was from the late Barremian stage of the Early Cretaceous, and this extends the fossil record of the lineage back by 67 Myr. We recognize a new superfamily, Gobiosuchoidea, to include Platyognathus hsui and gobiosuchids.

Insights into the adaptive response of extremotolerant desert moss Syntrichia caninervis to extreme high temperature.

Insights into the adaptive response of extremotolerant desert moss Syntrichia caninervis to extreme high temperature.

Updating “Sub-hourly water temperature data collected across the Nechako Watershed, 2019–2021” to 2024 and with supplemental sites

Updating “Sub-hourly water temperature data collected across the Nechako Watershed, 2019–2021” to 2024 and with supplemental sites

The Association between Dry Mouth and the Periodontal Status in Older Adults Undergoing Supportive Periodontal Therapy.

Dry mouth is a common oral condition in older adults, which correlates with dehydration, pH changes, and lubrication in the oral cavity, leading to an imbalance among bacterial activities of dental biofilms. However, the role of dry mouth and periodontal status in older adults has remained limited, especially among periodontal individuals who underwent supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). This study aimed to investigate the association between dry mouth and recurrent periodontitis in older adults undergoing SPT.This cross-sectional study included patients who were part of SPT. The factors of interest were collected by interviews, questionnaires, and clinical assessments. Oral moisture measurement, the clinical oral dryness score, unstimulated salivary flow rate (USSFR), and stimulated salivary flow rate (SSFR) were performed. Full mouth periodontal examination was performed and compared with the previous record of periodontal examination to identify a recurrence of periodontitis based on bleeding on probing (BOP), a change in pocket depth, and clinical attachment level. Descriptive analysis, both univariate and multivariate logistic regression, was performed to delineate the association between dry mouth and recurrent periodontitis.A total of 186 participants were recruited and divided into the recurrent periodontitis (n = 37) and the nonrecurrent periodontitis group (n = 149). Baseline demographics, medical and dental history of the two groups were similar. Participants with hyposalivation were greater in the recurrent group (35.1 vs. 16.1%, p = 0.02), and the mean of USSFR is lower than the nonrecurrent periodontitis group (0.38 vs. 0.53 mL/min, p = 0.01). To examine the relationship between various factors affecting the recurrent periodontitis by using multivariate regression analysis, results demonstrated odds ratio (OR) of hyposalivation and percentage of BOP (%BOP) in recurrent periodontitis at 2.63 (95% CI = 1.05-6.58), p = 0.04 and 1.04 (95% CI = 1.02-1.06), p < 0.001 after adjusting for confounding factors.This study supported the hypothesis that hyposalivation is associated with recurrent periodontitis demonstrated by USSFR and %BOP association. Consistent periodontal care, including an examination and guidance on managing dry mouth, has the potential to help older individuals with periodontitis maintaining their dental health.

High Through-Thickness Thermal Conductivity in an Edge-On Two-Dimensional Polyamide Thin Film.

High thermal conductivity is essential for polymer applications such as electronic chip encapsulation, where efficient heat dissipation ensures system functionality and reliability. Here, we introduce a novel strategy to enhance through-plane thermal conductivity in 2D covalent organic frameworks (COFs). A highly crystalline edge-on 2D polyamide (v2DPA) film achieves a thermal conductivity of 1.16 ± 0.05 W/(mK) at 310 K, surpassing the previous record (1.03 W/(mK) in COF-5 [Evans et al. Nat. Mater. 2021, 20, 1142]) and aligning with molecular dynamics predictions (1.11 ± 0.07 W/(mK)). This value is nearly three times higher than that of bulk PA (0.34 ± 0.03 W/(mK)). Phonon dispersion calculations attribute this enhancement to strong covalent bonding, increasing phonon lifetimes, and group velocities. Our findings highlight the effectiveness of orienting 2D polymer and layer-stacked 2D COF films in an edge-on configuration to improve through-thickness thermal conductivity, offering a promising pathway for their integration into electronic thermal management applications.

How shape information is coded by V4 cortical response of macaque monkey.

Previous neural recording studies have shown that monkey V4 can process shape information across populations of neurons. The responses recorded from each single neuron make it possible to retrieve shape information. However, these studies did not fully characterize the spatial distribution of activity in the cortex. There are multiple types of functional columns (orientation, curvature) in V4; how do these structures respond to different shapes? Here, with intrinsic optical imaging, we explored the cortical responses of V4 to contours (straight and curved) and shapes (circle and square). We found that in V4 the response of neurons to different shapes is highly dependent on the compositional features contained in the shape. A specific local network would have a higher response magnitude to its corresponding shape than other shapes. Meanwhile, the cortical response of V4 exhibits a tolerance to the shift of stimulus location. Our results suggest that two essential cortical response features in V4 are the specificity of the activated response pattern in the cortex and tolerance to the stimulus location variance. These features can help decode shape information from imaging results.NEW & NOTEWORTHY At the cortical response level, the V4 area of the macaque monkey employs two critical principles of shape coding: specificity of the activated response pattern to shape components within the stimuli and tolerance to variations in stimulus location.

Low‐Loss Far‐Infrared Surface Phonon Polaritons in Suspended SrTiO3 Nanomembranes

Abstract Phonon polaritons (PhPs), excitations arising from the coupling of light with lattice vibrations, enable light confinement and local field enhancement, which is essential for various photonic and thermal applications. To date, PhPs with high confinement and low loss are mainly observed in the mid‐infrared regime and mostly in manually exfoliated flakes of van der Waals (vdW) materials. In this work, the existence of low‐loss, thickness‐tunable phonon polaritons in the far‐infrared regime within transferable freestanding SrTiO3 membranes synthesized through a scalable approach, achieving high figures of merit is demonstrated, which are comparable to the previous record values from the vdW materials. Leveraging atomic precision in thickness control, large dimensions, and compatibility with mature oxide electronics, functional oxide membranes present a promising large‐scale 2D platform alternative to vdW materials for on‐chip polaritonic technologies in the infrared regime.

How does she run so fast? The physiological basis for the elite performance of the new—over 90 years of age—world record holder in the 200m sprint: A case report

Introduction: A91-year-old female set the W90+ world record (WRW) in the 200m sprint in May 2024, with a time of 51.47s, which was 1.48s faster than the previous record. Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the in vivo and ex vivo physiological profile underpinning the elite performance of the 91-year-old sprinter and compare, when possible, her data to the literature. Methods: Cardiorespiratory parameters were measured during a ramp cycling test until exhaustion, and muscle oxidative capacity (mVO2) measured with a repetitive intermittent arterial occlusion test via NIRS. The cross-sectional area (CSA) of the knee extensors was evaluated with panoramic ultrasound. Fatigability of the knee extensors was quantified as the reduction in power during an exercise lifting a 20% maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) load as fast as possible once every 3s for 4-min. Fiber type distribution, fiber CSA and mitochondrial function were evaluated in a vastus lateralis (VL) muscle biopsy. Results: VO2peak was 23 ml·kg−1·min−1(1.332 L·min−1) achieved at 98 W peak power, heart rate of 141 bpm, cardiac output of 13.6 L/min. Herk-value from the mVO2 test was 1.83 %·s−1. CSA at 50% femur length was 36.5 cm2. Knee extensor MVIC was 79 Nm, and the power reduction during the exercise was 43%. VL fiber type distribution was 38% myosin heavy chain (MyHC) I, 49% IIa, 5% I-IIa, 5% IIa-IIx and 2% IIx. Interestingly, the slow fibers (4267 ± 2181 μm2) were markedly larger than the fast MyHC II fibers (2752 ± 1608 μm2, ratio II/I = 0.59). Mitochondrial respiratory capacity (O2 flux) was 58 and 68 pmol·(s·mg)−1 when complex I and complex II coupled together were in state of oxidative phosphorylation and in the uncoupled condition, respectively. Conclusion: The WRW’s cardiorespiratory parameters (central components of physical fitness) were comparable to the 90th percentile of women aged 50-59 yrs (1), while her mitochondrial function (a peripheral component of physical fitness) was indistinguishable from younger women, supporting limited changes in mitochondrial function with aging (2). Her whole muscle CSA was consistent with individuals of the same age, despite her exceptionally large type I fibers and high percentage of Type II fibers. The neuromuscular function was comparable to women in their 80s (3). We speculate that the WRW’s exceptional performance was driven, in part, by her remarkably large slow fibers, a high proportion of fast fibers, and mitochondrial function equivalent to young adults. This highlights the potential for sprint training to promote health and youthfulness, even in advanced age.

Four-Ce:Nd:YAG-rod solar laser with 4.49% conversion efficiency through Fresnel lens

The development of solar laser systems that combine high efficiency and cost-effectiveness is key to the practical implementation of this renewable technology. This paper presents the outcomes of the assessment of a solar laser prototype performed in the focal zone of a Fresnel lens, where it successfully emitted four laser beams at the same time. It featured an aspheric lens, a conical pump cavity, and four Ce:Nd:YAG rods arranged in an end-side pump configuration. A total laser power of 22.46 W was achieved with a 0.9 m collection diameter, corresponding to a 4.49% solar-to-laser power conversion efficiency. This efficiency represents a new benchmark for Fresnel lens systems, reflecting a 16% increase over the previous record. A slope efficiency of 6.76% was also attained, indicating a 7% enhancement. Furthermore, the employment of four rods enabled sustained laser operation for 112 s without reliance on solar tracking assistance. This performance was observed around local solar noon, during which the focal zone underwent a displacement of 0.80° in the azimuthal direction and 0.09° in the altitudinal direction. These outcomes indicate that multirod solar laser systems that involve Fresnel lenses can still be competitive with those employing parabolic mirrors while also being economically advantageous.

Record-Breaking Far-Red Silicon Quantum Dots LEDs Enabled by Solvent Engineering: Toward Superseding Perovskite Quantum Dots.

Most quantum dots (QDs) contain either toxic elements, which are health and environmental hazards, or costly precious metals. In contrast, as nanocrystals consisting mainly of an earth-abundant, light element, silicon QDs (SiQDs) have attracted attention as cost-effective biomedical, display, and solid-state lighting materials. However, unlike heavy-metal or perovskite QDs, SiQDs have not yet been used to create high-performance optoelectronics or long-lifetime light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Herein, the fabrication via solvent engineering of SiQD LEDs with record-breaking external quantum efficiency (16.5%) and lifetimes up to 733 times longer than the previous record is reported. Furthermore, the far-red (750 nm) luminance is comparable to that of state-of-the-art perovskite QD LEDs. Dispersing the SiQDs in octane yields particularly efficient LEDs owing to negligible SiQD aggregation, and Joule heating minimization realizes long-term stability (lifetime >200 h). Thus, solvent engineering is harnessed to break four QD LED performance records-for efficiency, luminance, voltage, and operational lifetime-using a more sustainable QD material, and the mechanisms underlying these performance improvements are unveiled. Thus, a new solvent-engineering approach for developing efficient, stable, and sustainable far-red SiQD LEDs, which are valuable light sources for applications including plant growth acceleration and photodynamic therapy, is highlighted.

New host and locality record for the parasitic isopod Ceratothoa carinata (Bianconi, 1869) (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cymothoidae), with molecular insights into its phylogeography

A male and two females of the cymothoid isopod Ceratothoa carinata (Bianconi, 1869) were found in the buccal cavity of the Talang queenfish, Scomberoides commersonnianus Lacepède, 1801, representing a new host record. This parasitic isopod is widely distributed across the Indo-West Pacific, with its type locality in Mozambique. However, this is the first record of the species from the Gulf of Oman. Morphologically, our specimens closely match the diagnosis of the neotype. As there has been no previous record or description of the male for this species, the male characteristics are briefly described herein. In addition to morphological comparisons, we obtained two COX1 sequences and constructed a phylogeny using available Ceratothoa sequences from GenBank. In the phylogenetic trees, specimens of C. carinata from Japan, the Philippines, and the Gulf of Oman formed a monophyletic group within a well-supported clade. The mean genetic distances between C. carinata and other Ceratothoa species ranged from 17% to 31.5%, significantly exceeding the maximum genetic distance of 2.7% within C. carinata. Thirteen haplotypes were identified from the 13 sequences of C. carinata, with no clear geographic pattern in the haplotype network. The molecular phylogeny thus confirms the widespread distribution of C. carinata across the Indo-West Pacific, facilitated by its migratory hosts.

Implementasi Sistem Rekam Medis Pasien untuk kemudahan Laporan Riwayat Medis pada Yayasan Bagja Waluya

This community service activity aims to improve the competence of lecturers and students in applying their knowledge in the field of information technology taught in lectures and daily teaching. One of the real implementations carried out is building an Electronic Medical Record (EMR) system in recording the medical status of patients at the Bagja Waluya Foundation. The main problem faced by partners is in recording the assessment of patients who are being treated still using paper. Where recording is done when the patient is first admitted as an inpatient until the fifth day, or commonly referred to as the patient observation stage. Then for the next recording is only done for certain cases. When needed for the next assessment, officers often have difficulty in searching for previous medical record data. Therefore, this electronic medical record system is expected to be a solution to the above problems. The target output of this activity is an application that can help medical officers in recording patient medical records so that it makes it easier for officers to search for patient data, in addition, data stored electronically has a longer retention period so that it will be easy to use for any number of years. In addition, the output of this activity is the formation of reports and journals of community service. The method of implementing the service includes System needs analysis, system design, system development, socialization and training to foundation officers and implementation. The several processes carried out in the Analysis, socialization, training and implementation stages require a relatively long time because it requires adjustment and habituation from officers and users

Characteristics of Patients Initiated on Budesonide/Glycopyrronium Bromide/Formoterol Fumarate Single Inhaler Triple Therapy for the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Population-Based Observational Study.

Budesonide/glycopyrronium bromide/formoterol fumarate (BUD/GLY/FOR) single inhaler triple therapy became available to prescribe to patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in France in 2021. The characteristics of patients prescribed BUD/GLY/FOR triple therapy and guideline adherence have not been previously described in France. To describe the characteristics of COPD patients initiated on BUD/GLY/FOR triple therapy, assess adherence to COPD management guidelines, and explore any differences by prescribing physician. A cross-sectional study using data from The Health Improvement Network (THIN®) France database was conducted. Patients with ≥2 recorded diagnostic codes for COPD were included. Demographic characteristics, comorbidities, management, COPD-related characteristics, and guideline adherence (Société de Pneumologie de Langue Française (SPLF); Haute Autorité de Santé (HAS)), stratified by initiating physician speciality (general practitioner (GP) or pulmonologist) were described. A total of 263 patients initiating BUD/GLY/FOR triple therapy were included. Mean (SD) age was 68.8 (11.8) years; 53.6% were male. Mean (SD) COPD duration was 6.4 (5.5) years. Comorbidities were common, with slightly more cardiometabolic and mental health conditions recorded in the GP-initiated group, and more comorbid respiratory conditions recorded in the pulmonologist-initiated group. About 77.2% (n=203) of patients had at least one moderate or severe exacerbation in the 12 months before initiation. About 86.3% had a previous record of dual (n=117, 44.5%) or triple (n=110, 41.8%) therapy. About 68.8% had been initiated on BUD/GLY/FOR triple therapy in line with SPLF guidelines (62.4% and 72.4% in the GP- and pulmonologist-initiated groups, respectively); among those with a record of COPD severity, 75.2% were initiated in line with HAS guidelines (69.2% and 76.3% in the GP- and pulmonologist-initiated groups, respectively). The majority of COPD patients are prescribed BUD/GLY/FOR triple therapy in accordance with current treatment guidelines, irrespective of whether the therapy is prescribed by a general practitioner or a pulmonologist.