Previous Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training Research Articles

Abstract Su406: Acceptability and Effectiveness of a Novel, Video-Based CPR and AED Education Program in Canadian Schools

Background: Early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation are critical for favorable outcomes after sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). Scientific evidence supports CPR and Automated External Defibrillator (AED) training in school-age children. Few studies have used gamified, video-based training to teach students. This national project aimed to assess the acceptability and effectiveness of a brief, video-based educational program (CardiacCrash™), developed by the Heart and Stroke Foundation to teach students hands-only CPR and AED use within a classroom setting. Methods/Results: This study reports preliminary data from two Canadian provinces (Ontario, Alberta). The acceptability and effectiveness of training was measured using a pre/post survey evaluating students’ self-confidence in recognizing SCA, calling for help, and providing bystander CPR, including the use of an AED. CPR performance was measured by using Little Anne QCPR manikins that collected data on CPR effectiveness throughout the training session. Results are stratified by student cohort (elementary—grades 4-8, and secondary—grades 9-12). A total of 1273 students from 6 Ontario and 7 Alberta schools were trained between October 2023 to April 2024. The average age for elementary students (n=729; 47.3% male) was 11.2 ± 1.3 years, and 39.9% had previous CPR training. The average age for secondary students (n=544; 54.4% male) was 15.5 ± 1.1, and 42.6% had previous CPR training. Both groups thought the training was easy (86%), fun (81%), the correct duration (59%) and would recommend it to their friends (85%). All outcome variables improved post-training for both elementary and secondary students, including the self-confidence to recognize and assist in cases of SCA (p=0.008 for both cohorts), (Figure 1). Secondary students were significantly better at providing effective compressions vs. elementary for most CPR measures (Table 2). Conclusion: Preliminary data suggest that CardiacCrash™, a video-based educational program, is acceptable to school-age students and effective at teaching them to perform CPR and use an AED. While both elementary and secondary students achieved acceptable CPR performance, secondary students performed higher quality CPR.

Enhancing Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training with Mixed Reality: Improving Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Performance and Enjoyment.

Cardiac arrests stand as a leading cause of mortality worldwide. When performed timely, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can significantly improve a person's chance of survival during a cardiac arrest. Given that the majority of cardiac arrests happen outside of hospitals, it becomes crucial to equip as many laypeople as possible with CPR skills. Recently, mixed reality has garnered attention as a potential tool for CPR training. This study, with a randomized controlled trial (RCT), tested the effectiveness of a mixed reality CPR training compared to traditional training among laypeople (N = 59). Results revealed that participants in the mixed reality training either showed similar (i.e., compressions per minute, exam scores) or better (i.e., compression depth) CPR performance compared to participants that received the traditional training. Furthermore, the mixed reality training was perceived as more enjoyable than the traditional training. Finally, across conditions, participants reported comparable levels of presence, indicating a similar sense of being in a CPR situation. Based on these findings, we conclude that mixed reality CPR training can serve as a viable alternative for traditional CPR training. Especially, the enjoyable nature of mixed reality can boost motivation and encourage more people to follow or refresh previous CPR training.

The understandability and quality of telephone-guided bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the Western Cape province of South Africa: A manikin-based study

BackgroundThe incidence of cardiovascular disease is on the increase in Africa and with it, an increase in the incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). OHCA carries a high mortality, especially in low-resource settings. Interventions to treat OHCA, such as mass cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training campaigns are costly. One cost-effective and scalable intervention is telephone-guided bystander CPR (tCPR). Little data exists regarding the quality of tCPR. This study aimed to determine quality of tCPR in untrained members of the public. Participants were also asked to provide their views on the understandability of the tCPR instructions. MethodsThis study followed a prospective, simulation-based observational study design. Adult laypeople who have not had previous CPR training were recruited at public CPR training events and asked to perform CPR on a manikin. Quality was assessed in terms of hand placement, compression rate, compression depth, chest recoil, and chest exposure. tCPR instructions were provided by a trained medical provider, via loudspeaker. Participants were also asked to complete a short questionnaire afterwards, detailing the understandability of the tCPR instructions. Data were analysed descriptively and compared to recommended quality guidance. ResultsFifty participants were enrolled. Hand placement was accurate in 74 % (n = 37) of participants, while compression depth and chest recoil only had compliance in 20 % (n = 10) and 24 % (n = 12) of participants, respectively. The mean compression rate was within guidelines in just under half (48 %, n = 24) of all participants. Only 20 (40 %) participants exposed the manikin's chest. Only 46 % (n = 23) of participants felt that the overall descriptions offered during the tCPR guidance were understandable, while 80 % (n = 40) and 36 % (n = 18) felt that the instructions on hand placement and compression rate were understandable, respectively. Lastly, 94 % (n = 47) of participants agreed that they would be more likely to perform bystander CPR if they were provided with tCPR. ConclusionThe quality of CPR performed by laypersons is generally suboptimal and this may affect patient outcomes. There is an urgent need to develop more understandable tCPR algorithms that may encourage bystanders to start CPR and optimise its quality.

Nigerian Athletes’ Previous Training, Practice and Current Knowledge of Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Background /Aim: The public health burden of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and the need to increase the rates of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in communities including the world of sports cannot be overemphasized. The study aimed at assessing the level of previous training, practice and present knowledge of bystander CPR among Nigerian athletes.
 Methods: A national cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey of Nigerian athletes was carried out involving 25 different sporting events. The participants at the 21st National Sports Festival that held at Delta State, Nigeria filled the questionnaire, which was continued after the festival at some of their various states. The final data was analysed with the SPSS Version 25, using both descriptive and chi-square statistics, as well as one-sample t-test. The significance level was set at P < .05.
 Results: In all, 419 athletes participated in the study - 278 (66.3%) males and 141(33.7%) females with age range of 11- 49 years and mean age of 23.43 + 5.66 (SD). On average, 67.86% of the athletes had never had any previous bystander CPR training while 55.73% never practiced the procedure. Significantly more of the athletes never had CPR bystander training before this study (P = .000), as well as no previous practice (P = .0000), which did not significantly differ between contact and non-contact sports athletes. Significantly more of them had poor bystander CPR theoretical knowledge (P = .000) that did not vary significantly between contact and non-contact sports athletes, with average of only 27.23% of the athletes giving correct answers.
 Conclusion: The study has revealed significantly low previous training, practice and poor knowledge of bystander CPR among Nigerian athletes. There is urgent need for organised, sustainable bystander CPR training facilities for Nigerian athletes.

Knowledge and willingness of schoolteachers in Jordan to perform CPR: a cross-sectional study

ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) knowledge and willingness of schoolteachers in Jordan.DesignThis was a cross-sectional study conducted using an online questionnaire.SettingFor inclusion in this study, schoolteachers...

Examining training and attitudes to basic life support in multi-ethnic communities residing in New South Wales, Australia: A mixed-methods investigation

BackgroundBystander response, including cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), is critical to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survival. Nearly 30% of Australian residents were born overseas, and little is known about their preparedness to...

Readiness of Teachers of General Education Institutions to Perform Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

RELEVANCE The problem of sudden cardiac arrest and sudden death among the students of educational institutions is highly relevant for the Russian Federation. In order to plan interventions aimed at improving effectiveness of management and reducing mortality from cardiac arrest in educational institutions, a clear understanding of level of readiness and motivation of teachers to provide help to a cardiac arrest victim is necessary. AIM OF STUDY To evaluate willingness of teachers of general education institutions to provide cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in cases of cardiac arrest, and to investigate factors and relationships that determine readiness of teachers to give help. MATERIAL AND METHODS In February–March 2021, an online questionnaire survey of teaching staff of general education institutions was conducted in the Republic of Crimea. As part of the survey, respondents were asked to evaluate their willingness to attempt CPR on a loved one, a stranger or a pupil on a five-point Likert scale, and to indicate potential barriers for performing CPR. The survey was voluntary and anonymous. RESULTS The questionnaire was completed by 5,921 teachers. Of all respondents, 9.2% were males, 31.6% — aged over 50 years, 32.3% — work in urban areas. The proportion of teachers who expressed absolute willingness to perform CPR on a loved one, a stranger or a pupil was 63.6% (n=3,766), 34.8% (2,058) and 41.0% (2,427), respectively. At the same time, 13.6% (804), 31.0% (1,836) and 30.6% (1,809), respectively, indicated that they would probably not or definitely not attempt CPR. A high readiness to perform resuscitation (4–5 points) was confirmed to be associated with previous CPR training (p<0.001) and with higher level of CPR knowledge (p≤0.006). The main barriers to providing resuscitation were “lack of CPR knowledge and skills” (indicated by 31.4–36.3% of the respondents depending on the type of presumed cardiac arrest victim) and “fear of causing harm to a victim” (49.2–51.4%). CONCLUSION Considerable portion of teachers of general education institutions demonstrate low level of readiness to provide life-saving help in case of cardiac arrest. Lack of CPR knowledge and skills constitute the main barrier to attempting resuscitation. In order to improve survival from cardiac arrest in educational institutions, comprehensive organisational interventions are required, which should primarily focus on ensuring full coverage of teachers with high-quality training and retraining in resuscitation.

Abstract 260: The Relation of Country-of-Birth With Willingness to Respond to Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Multiethnic Communities of New South Wales (NSW), Australia

Introduction: Bystander response including cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is critical to survival in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Poorer outcomes have been reported in some immigrant communities but there has been less research about bystander response in these communities. Over a third of New South Wales (NSW) residents were born outside Australia. Hypothesis: Country of birth may explain variation in willingness to respond to OHCA. Methods: A survey was conducted between May 2021-May 2022. It employed multiple recruitment approaches including reaching out to 72 organisations and targeting multi-ethnic community organisations, advertising via social media, and leveraging local networks. Data were collected on demographic variables, CPR training, and attitudes towards responding to OHCA. Results: Of the 1267 respondents (average age 49.6 years, 52% female), 60% were born outside Australia; of which 44% (n=332) were from South Asia, 33% (n=246) from East Asia and the remaining 23% from a mix of other regions including north-west Europe, north Africa-middle east. Most immigrant respondents (73%) had lived in Australia for over ten years. Higher rates of previous CPR training were reported in Australian-born participants compared with South Asian-born and East Asian-born (76%, 35%, 47% respectively p<0.001) with current training rates i.e. in last 12 months (16%, 6%, 12% respectively, p=0.003). Higher rates of willingness to perform CPR on someone they did not know, was reported in Australian-born participants compared to South Asian-born and East Asian-born (74%, 63%, 56% respectively, p=<0.001. After adjusting for age, gender, education, employment status, self-reported general health, and previous CPR training, the odds of reporting willingness to perform CPR was OR:0.73 (95% CI: 0.51-1.04) among respondents born in South Asia and OR:0.58 (95% CI 0.41-0.83) among those from East Asian countries compared with Australian-born. Conclusions: Improving access to training and addressing barriers to response in multi-ethnic communities may improve willingness and consequently response to OHCA.

Current status of training of the general education teaching staff in first aid for cardiac arrest: results of a regional survey in the Republic of Crimea

Introduction. To reduce mortality from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest it is necessary to maximally involve lay public into the process of first aid (FA) provision. Whereas teaching staff constitute an extensive group of potential FA providers, little is known about real coverage of teachers with training in first aid for cardiac arrest and about efficiency of such training. Purpose. To investigate coverage with training in FA for cardiac arrest, evaluate knowledge and readiness to get trained among teachers of general education institutions on the level of a constituent unit of the Russian Federation. Materials and methods. An anonymous online survey of teaching staff of general education institutions was carried out in the Republic of Crimea in February-March 2021 with the assistance of the Ministry of Education of the Crimea. Results. The final sample consisted of five thousand nine hundred twenty one respondent (35.7% of the whole general education teaching staff of the Republic). Of all survey participants, 90.8% were females, 68.4% - individuals aged below 50 years, 67.7% - currently working in a rural area. The median work experience as a teacher was 14 years. 63.6% respondents had ever received some training in basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Of them, 54.8% completed CPR training more than one year ago. 36.4% surveyed teachers had never been trained in CPR. The level of knowledge regarding CPR was low. The choice of correct answers to the test questions and a higher self-rating of knowledge were associated with the experience of previous CPR training and less time interval since last CPR training (p < 0.001). 53.7% respondents stated that they would like to attend CPR training. Limitations. The survey methodology excluded the possibility of randomized selection of participants, which limits the representativeness of the study sample. Conclusions. The existing system of FA training does not provide proper coverage of teachers with training and retraining in CPR. Coordinated managing adjustments are necessary to increase readiness of the teaching staff to provide help in cardiac arrest. These adjustments should be primarily focused on improvement of legal regulation in the area of FA training, increase in availability and accessibility of the training and implementation of procedures for overseeing the effectiveness of the training.

Training prevalence, knowledge and attitudes towards cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a survey amongst 5,921 preschool and school teachers

Abstract Purpose Preschool and school teachers could play an important role both in training children in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and in providing necessary help in case of witnessing an emergency. This study aimed to investigate prevalence of CPR training, CPR knowledge, attitudes and willingness to perform CPR among preschool and school teachers in the territory of the Republic of Crimea, in the northern Black Sea region. Methods An anonymous online questionnaire survey was conducted in February–March 2021 utilizing Google Forms. In particular, the participants were asked to rate their knowledge of CPR and willingness to perform CPR (on a stranger, a pupil or a loved one) on a 5-point scale, and to indicate recommended chest compression rate and hand position for compressions. Results Out of 5,921 surveyed teachers, 3,765 (64%) reported previous CPR training. Among the trained, 55% attended training more than one year ago, 44% completed a CPR training course once. Reasons for not being trained were most commonly reported as “never thought about the need to go for training” (42%), “nobody demanded me to get trained” (38%) or “did not know where to attend the training” (21%). Self-perceived knowledge of CPR was rated as follows: very good – 0.4%, good – 7.8%, moderate – 37.8%, poor – 44.6%, absent – 9.4%. Hand position for giving chest compressions was indicated correctly by 66% participants, compression rate – by 16% respondents. Correct answering to the questions and higher self-perceived knowledge were associated with previous CPR training (p<0.001). 54% reported they wish to get trained in CPR. 28% confirmed readiness to teach CPR as part of their extracurricular work (provided that they will get preliminary training, and upon availability of proper training supplies and instructional program). Proportion of respondents who expressed high willingness to attempt CPR (4–5 points) on a stranger, a pupil or a loved one amounted to 35%, 41% and 64%, respectively, mean level or readiness to perform CPR – 3.0, 3.1 and 3.8 points, respectively. Willingness to perform CPR was positively associated with previous CPR training and level of CPR knowledge (p<0.001). Fear to cause harm to a victim and lack of CPR knowledge and skills were most commonly reported as the strongest barriers to attempt CPR (reported by 49–51% and 31–36% respondents, respectively, depending on the type of supposed victim). Conclusions Coverage of the preschool and school teachers with recent CPR training is limited, levels of knowledge and self-confidence in CPR are generally low. Lack of competence impede readiness of the teachers to attempt CPR. There is a demand in enhancing involvement of teachers in CPR training and retraining in the Republic of Crimea. Most teachers want to get trained in CPR, and almost one third agree to teach CPR themselves, suggesting a reasonable way to improve availability of CPR training for both teachers and pupils. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

Public attitudes towards cardiopulmonary resuscitation training and performance in Singapore

BackgroundBystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) rates remain fairly low through most communities despite multiple interventions through the years. Understanding the attitudes and fears behind CPR training and performance would help target education and training to raise the rates of bystander CPR and consequently survival rates of victims. 7909 participants at a single-day mass CPR training session in Singapore were given survey questionnaires to fill out. 6473 people submitted completed forms upon the conclusion of the training session. Some issues looked at were the overall level of difficulty of CPR, difficulty levels of specific skills, attitudes towards refresher training, attitudes towards performing CPR, and fears when doing so.ResultsThe mean level of difficulty of CPR was rated 3.98 (scale of 1–10), with those with previous CPR training rating it easier. The skills rated most difficult were performing mouth-to-mouth breathing and chest compressions, while the easiest rated was recognizing non-responsiveness. A majority (69.7%) would agree to go for refresher training every 2 years and 88.7% felt everyone should be trained in CPR. 71.6% would perform full CPR for a member of the public in cardiac arrest and only 20.7% would prefer to only do chest compressions. The most cited fear was a low level of confidence, and fears of acquiring infections or aversion to mouth-to-mouth breathing were low.ConclusionsThe survey results show that most participants in Singapore are keen to perform conventional CPR for a member of the public and can help to target future CPR training accordingly.

Is a homemade cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) trainer non-inferior to a commercially available CPR mannequin in teaching high-quality CPR? A non-inferiority randomized control trial

IntroductionStudies demonstrate that feedback devices help students achieve mastery of critical CPR skills and shorten the time from demonstration to competence. CPR feedback devices are costly and may not be available in low resource settings or in the context of online classes. We have developed a homemade feedback enabled CPR trainer. This trainer consists of a lid with two toilet rolls stacked on top. We have shown it is feasible to generate high quality CPR using this trainer, however the ability for this trainer to successfully be used in skill acquisition is unknown.Our main objective was to assess if learning CPR on a homemade toilet paper trainer was non-inferior to a commercially available mannequin when comparing post-training CPR scores. MethodsWe conducted a parallel non-inferiority randomized control trial using a variable block randomization to a 10-min training session on either a toilet paper or commercial mannequin trainer. Primary outcome was mean overall CPR score as determined by high fidelity mannequin software. A sample size of 62 per group was calculated based on a 90% power to assess for the lower limit of a two-sided 95% confidence interval above the non-inferiority limit of 10%. Results125 participants were randomized to the toilet paper (n = 64) or commercial mannequin trainer (n = 61). There was no difference between groups in age, sex, height, weight or previous CPR training. There was an absolute difference of 2% (CI 95% 3.3 to 7.3%) in mean overall CPR score between groups (toilet paper = 82% (SD 15.9%), commercial mannequin = 84% (SD 15%). ConclusionA homemade CPR trainer was non-inferior to a commercially available trainer. This study provides preliminary evidence supporting the use of a homemade, easily accessible trainer for basic compression-only CPR skill acquisition.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation training in spanish schools: when first link is not well recognized

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. OnBehalf Cardiopulmonar resuscitation working group of the Spanish Society of Cardiology Background First aid teaching is mandatory in Spanish schools, but there is a variability in how training is performed within different regions of the country. We aimed to study the degree of implementation of school cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training in Spain. Methods A nationwide cross-sectional survey was carried out from February to December 2019. A self-administered questionnaire was carried out aimed at school children. The association between school children characteristics (sex, age and previous CPR education training) and CPR knowledge was evaluated. Results A total of 5892 valid school children surveys were collected. Regarding to school children, mean age was 14.67 years and 36,2% of them had received CPR training, with similar distribution by sex and with an increase in higher courses (28.7% <13 years, 33.9% 13-16 years, 54.9% >16 years; p = 0.002). At older all CPR knowledge improves, except the telephone emergency number. Comparing school children who had or not received previous CPR training, there was no difference in correctly identifying the emergency telephone number (p = 0.169) or OHCA (p = 0.05), but school children (32.4% vs 29%, p = 0.005) who have not received the training better recognize the telephone number. Conclusions the implementation of CPR training programs is insufficient in spanish schools and they also do not work to remember the emergency number. Urgent action is required to improve the first link of the survival-chain by disseminating the emergency telephone number. Table 1 – Students surveys main results VariablesN%Autonomous communities responsesCastile la ManchaValenciaAndalucíaCastile LeonExtremaduraCataloniaAragonMadridNavarraCanary Islands5321364181382335747612630.93.60.10.71.464.96.10.80.121.4Mean age (years)14.67 (± SD 1.92)Age distribution< 13 years13 - 16 years> 16 years830416484314.271.414.4Female292750.1CA knowledge Emergengy number061 or 112Hospital or police numberOther o unkown CPR identificationUnconsciousUnconscious not breathingUnconscious not breathing, no pulseOthers183637936754522472274818831.26.462.47.742.246.93.2CPR experienceWitnessing CA5048.6CPR teachingHearing about CACPR trainingHearing about AED Closest AED knowledge408621074077204869.636.270.135.3

Can bystanders' gender affect the clinical outcome of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A prospective, multicentre observational study.

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is one of the most common causes of death in many countries. For OHCA patients to have a good clinical outcome, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is extremely significant. It is necessary to study the various characteristics of bystanders to improve bystander CPR quality. We aimed to evaluate the correlation between bystanders' gender and clinical outcomes of patients with OHCA. We conducted an observational study by using a prospective, multicenter registry of OHCA resuscitation, provided by the Korean Cardiac Arrest Research Consortium registry from October 2015 to June 2017. The following data were collected: patient's age, patient's gender, witnessed by a layperson, characteristics of the bystanders (age grouped by decade, gender, CPR education, compression method, and perception of automated external defibrillators), arrest place, emergency medical services arrival time, and initial electrocardiogram rhythms. Outcome variables were prehospital return of spontaneous circulation, survival discharge, and cerebral performance category status at discharge. A total of 691 patients were included in the study. There were significant differences in the initial shockable rhythm and previous CPR training between bystander's gender. Characteristics such as age, patient's gender, witnessed by a layperson, bystander's gender, initial shockable rhythm, and arrest place were significantly associated with neurologic outcome at discharge, using univariable analysis. However, in the multivariate logistic model, there was no significant correlation between bystander's gender and neurologic outcome. In the subgroup analysis using the multivariate logistic model with 291 patients without missing values of CPR education and bystander' age, there was a significant difference in neurologic outcome depending on bystander's CPR education status. There was no difference in the neurologic outcomes of OHCA patients based on bystanders' gender. However, according to subgroup analysis, there was a difference in the neurologic outcome depending on the status of bystanders' CPR education and females received less CPR education than males. Therefore, more active CPR education is required.

Awareness and attitude of final year students towards the learning and practice of cardiopulmonary resuscitation at the University of Ibadan in Nigeria.

IntroductionOut-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a major cause of sudden cardiac death which can be prevented by early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). International bodies recommend that basic life support (BLS) skills be taught in schools in order to increase the rate of bystander CPR and reduce mortality from OHCA. We are not aware of any BLS education program for non-healthcare students in Nigeria. This study was to assess the awareness and attitude to acquiring BLS skills among university students.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study among final year university undergraduates using a questionnaire that assessed students' sociodemographic characteristics, awareness of CPR, previous experiences, and attitude to basic life support (BLS). Counts and proportions were compared for the demographic characteristics using Chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests.ResultsFour hundred and seventy-five students from 15 faculties participated in this study, median age was 22.8 years (interquartile range: 21.2–24.5 years). Majority (82.5%) have heard of CPR, 29.7% have undergone CPR training; 77.3% of those who had been trained were confident that they could perform CPR. Previous CPR training was significantly associated with faculty, year of study and age. Eighty-nine (18.7%) students have witnessed someone die from a trauma. Four hundred and fifty (94.7%) respondents would like to get BLS training, 440 (92.6%) think that CPR training should be included in the school curriculum.ConclusionThere is good awareness and positive attitude to the acquisition and practice of cardiopulmonary resuscitation among university students in Nigeria. Few students however, have been trained to administer bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Therefore, there is a need to implement university wide BLS education in Nigeria.

Open Online Course on Basic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Investigation of an Audience and the Effects of Distant Training

Aim. To study the demand for the massive open online course on basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and to evaluate effects of the training based on the socio-demographic profile of the audience.Material and methods. The data obtained from a survey conducted on participants of the online course «First Aid in Cardiac Arrest (Basic Resuscitation)» during a one-year period (07.2018–07.2019) were analyzed, including demographic data, initial and final levels of knowledge on CPR, and willingness to resuscitate a stranger. The 5-point Lickert scale was used for self-assessment of knowledge and willingness to attempt CPR.Results. The analysis includes data collected from 11,924 people, out of which 3,445 (29%) have completed the training. Eighty percent of participants live in the Russian Federation. The mean age of trainees, who completed the course, was 25.7 years, 45% of them were males, 42% had learnt CPR previously, 12% had medical education. As a result of the training, a significant increase (P<0.001) in the willingness to attempt CPR (from 3.26 to 4.16 points) and an increase in self-perceived CPR knowledge (from 2.24 to 3.98 points) were registered. The percentage of trainees who expressed a high level of willingness to perform CPR (4–5 points) increased from 44% to 81% (P<0.001). The course was more likely to be completed by those trainees who had previous training in CPR (p<0.001), who initially demonstrated higher willingness to provide CPR (P=0.003) or a higher level of knowledge in CPR (P<0.001). Trainees who had previous CPR training showed a much higher level of knowledge, higher self-confidence and a higher level of readiness to provide CPR (P<0.001). Approximately 14% of trainees with medical education reported having no previous training in CPR.Conclusions. The massive open online course promotes knowledge of CPR and serves as an important tool for increasing the willingness of lay people to provide first aid in case of cardiac arrest. Previous CPR training is a motivating factor to continue education in resuscitation.

Australia’s awareness of cardiac arrest and rates of CPR training: results from the Heart Foundation's HeartWatch survey

ObjectiveWe aimed to provide the first national estimates of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training and awareness of cardiac arrest.DesignA retrospective analysis of a national cross-sectional survey was undertaken. Data were collected...

Knowledge, Attitudes and Perceptions Regarding Basic Life Support Among Teachers in Training.

BackgroundCardiac arrests may occur anytime, anywhere and to anyone including learners at schools. Teachers have a moral obligation to care for learners while on the school premises. Outcomes after cardiac arrest are better when the first-responder possesses adequate knowledge and skill in basic life support (BLS) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of student-teachers pertaining to BLS.MethodsThis was a self-administered, questionnaire based, prospective and cross-sectional study of senior undergraduate student-teachers enrolled at a South African university. The study was conducted between 04 November 2017 and 18 February 2018.ResultsA total of 316 student-teachers, with a mean age of 21.8 ± 2.6 years completed the survey. Trauma-related emergencies, allergic reactions and breathing difficulties were witnessed during practice teaching sessions at various schools by 52.5% (n = 166), 36.4% (n = 115) and 32.9% (n = 104) of participants, respectively. The mean knowledge score pertaining to BLS was 4.0 ± 1.7 out of 12 points. Previous CPR training was associated with a good knowledge score (p = 0.005) and confidence in responding to an emergency (p = 0.005). Most of the participants (N = 288, 91.1%) had no formal training in CPR with more than three-quarters (76.4%) of them not knowing where to acquire training. Barriers to initiating CPR included fear of litigation (n = 264, 83.5%), injury to the victim (n = 238, 75.3%), presence of blood, vomitus or secretions (n = 206, 65.2%) and fear of contracting a disease (n = 186, 58.8%). Most (n = 255, 80.7%) respondents reported that they would perform CPR on a learner at school.ConclusionStudent-teachers surveyed in this study displayed poor knowledge and perceptions but positive attitudes with regards to the practice of CPR and BLS. Consideration should be given to including formal CPR training as part of the curriculum for teachers in training.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation level of knowledge among allied health university students in Jordan: a cross-sectional study

ObjectiveTo explore the level of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) knowledge among allied health professions (AHPs) students and its associated factors.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study assessing CPR knowledge among AHP students. A...

Public Opinion on Community Basic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training: a Survey of Inhabitants of the Crimean Peninsula

Background.The chances of fatal outcome in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest are exceeding 90%. However, the early initiation of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) substantially improves the probability of survival. The study was aimed to determine the extent of community CPR training, level of CPR knowledge, willingness and motivation to learn CPR among the population of the Crimea.Materials and methods.The representative sample of adult residents of the Crimean Peninsula (n=384) has been surveyed by means of individual structured interview from November 2017 to January 2018. The results were analyzed with social statistics.Results.According to the survey, 53% of respondents were previously trained in CPR. The training was performed mainly (82%) at work, school, college/technical school or university, or when acquiring a driver's license. The majority of females, people over 60, unemployed and retired, widowed and those with monthly income lower than 20,000 roubles are not trained. Of previously trained, 44% respondents attended a single CPR course, 72% were trained more than one year ago, 47% of participants had no previous training in CPR, mostly never thinking about the need to go for training. Being dependent from previous CPR training, the knowledge of CPR is generally poor: the proportions of correct answering as of the proper location and rate of chest compressions were 46% and 4%, respectively. Among the respondents, 56% expressed their willingness to attend CPR training. The main motivating factors to attend CPR training were awareness of importance of CPR training, potential health problems in relatives/friends and free-of-charge training.Conclusion.The Crimean population is insufficiently and non-uniformly trained in CPR, has limited knowledge of CPR and low motivation to learn. In order to increase the commitment of the community to provide first aid in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, mass CPR training programs should be implemented with active involvement of the least trained and motivated social strata.