Prevention Of Rubella Infection Research Articles

HAMİLƏLİK VƏ MƏXMƏRƏK

The main prevention of rubella infection during pregnancy is to be vaccinated against this disease in preparation for pregnancy. Before you decide to get vaccinated against rubella, you need to have a special laboratory test to detect antibodies to the rubella virus in your blood to check if you are immune to this infection. The fact is that in some cases it is impossible to determine whether you are sick with rubella. Because in many cases, the disease can be latent or with a very limited number of symptoms, in which case, naturally, the body develops specific antibodies against the virus. Doctors believe that in this case, the body's immune response will be strengthened. It is recommended that the velvet vaccine be given at least 3 months before the planned date of pregnancy. Key words: pregnancy, rubella, fetus, infection

No. 368-RUBELLA IN PREGNANCY.

To review the epidemiology, natural history, evaluation, and prevention of rubella infection during pregnancy. This will aid obstetric care providers in counseling their patients regarding potentially devastating effects on the developing fetus and the importance of vaccinating susceptible women as appropriate. Outcomes evaluated include fetal rubella infection, maternal seroconversion and response to rubella-containing vaccines. Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched for articles in English on subjects related to rubella infection during pregnancy betweenn 1985 and 2017. Results were restricted to systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials/controlled clinical trials, and observational studies. Other (unpublished) literature was identified through searching the websites of health technology assessment and health technology assessment-related agencies, clinical practice guideline collections, clinical trial registries, and national and international medical specialty societies. The quality of the evidence is rated using the criteria described in the Report of the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care (Table 1). Recommendations for practice are ranked according to the method described in this Report. The guideline will be reviewed 5 years after publication to decide if an update is required. However, if important new evidence is published prior to the 5-year cycle, the review process may be accelerated for a more rapid update of some recommendations SPONSOR: Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada.

Revised Recommendations on Rubella Vaccine

The following recommended changes are similar to, but not identical with, those recommended by the US Public Health Service Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices in November 1978.1 These changes focus on more effective delivery of the vaccine to older individuals, in particular to females in the childbearing age group. All comments related to the vaccine and its use pertain to all licensed vaccines available in the United States, including the recently licensed RA27/3 vaccine. The major objective of the National Rubella Immunization Program is the prevention of rubella infection in early pregnancy, which in turn will prevent infection of the fetus and consequent congenital rubella. Prior to vaccine licensure in 1969, approximately 15% of women of childbearing age were susceptible to rubella. At the present time, more than 83 million doses of live, attenuated rubella virus vaccine have been distributed in the United States, which has clearly resulted in a widespread reduction of epidemic rubella in preschool-and elementary school-aged children. However, since the use of rubella vaccine has not been universal in the target population (only about two thirds of the children 1 to 12 years old have been immunized) and since vaccine usage has disrupted the epidemic nature of rubella, the population for whom antibody protection is desired (women of childbearing age) is still suspected of being as susceptible, or more so, than in the prevaccine era. Indeed, serologic surveys indicate that persons in this age group have a percentage of susceptibility similar to that noted prior to 1969.

Clinical Experience with a Live Attenuated Rubella Virus Vaccine, Matsuba Strain GMK3SK60RK6, in Special Reference to 6-Year Follow-up of Rubella Antibodies and Prevention of Rubella Infection during an Epidemic

A live attenuated rubella virus vaccine, Matsuba strain GMK3SK60RK6 was the vaccine attenuated by 60 passages in swine kidney cell cultures and propagated in rabbit kidney cell cultures. This vaccine was inoculated to 46 children and 47 young adults in closed populations and to 340 young women in open populations. As contact control 32 cases were observed in closed populations. Rash occurred in one case and arthritis-arthralgia did in 5 cases among young women. There was not any evidence of communicability although vaccinees shedded the virus in pharynx. Seroconversion rate was 99 per cent and relatively stable rubella HI antibody titers were demonstrated in a follow-up study for 6 years. Thirty-two vaccinees experienced rubella epidemic in a high school in 1976 and were protected from natural rubella virus infection.