Prevention Of Risky Behaviors Research Articles

Prevention of risky behaviours in adolescents

Opracowanie skutecznych strategii profilaktycznych w zakresie zachowań ryzykownych młodzieży staje się coraz bardziej istotne w obliczu wzrastającego problemu w społeczeństwie. Artykuł rozpoczyna się od zidentyfikowania głównych zagrożeń, takich jak nadużywanie substancji psychoaktywnych, nieprawidłowe nawyki żywieniowe, nadmierne korzystanie z nowych technologii i ryzykowne zachowania seksualne, które mogą prowadzić do poważnych konsekwencji zdrowotnych, społecznych i emocjonalnych.Celem pracy jest ukazanie istoty profilaktyki w kontekście tych zachowań oraz przedstawienie różnorodnych podejść i narzędzi, które mogą być stosowane w skutecznej prewencji. Poprzez analizę kontekstu społecznego i zdrowotnego artykuł ukazuje wpływ zmian społecznych i kulturowych na zachowania młodzieży oraz konsekwencje zdrowotne związane z ryzykownymi praktykami. Ponadto identyfikuje czynniki ryzyka, takie jak niski status społeczno-ekonomiczny i brak wsparcia rodzinno-środowiskowego.

Профилактика рискованного поведения старшеклассников в условиях нравственного закаливания

The features of the prevention of risky behavior of high school students in the conditions of moral hardening are considered, the conditions determining this process and the content of pedagogical activity are highlighted. The considered model of the organization of work reflects the focus on the prevention of antisocial manifestations in the youth environment, the reduction of social risks accompanying the socialization of the younger generation. The algorithmic nature of the organized activity is built taking into account changes in the level of necessary personal competencies, the social experience gained.

Methods of prevention of risky behavior of high school students using moral hardening

The article discusses the methodology of prevention of risky behavior of high school students using the model of moral hardening, highlights the theoretical and practical foundations of pedagogical activity in the implementation of programs, defines the educational and developmental potential of socially-oriented activities. The peculiarity of the implementation of this component in the perspective of the tasks facing teachers, educators, mentors is the combination of elements of general, private and specific methods. Built on a single platform that helps the prevention model, based on the principles of: age-conformity, nature - conformity, health -centrism, complementarity, individualization, cooperation, concentricity, social orientation, reliance on the positive, continuity, integrity. In the practice of implementation, the general methodology reflects the entire preventive process, provides for primary prevention. Private – is built from partial problems concerning certain types of risk. A specific methodology is based on a combination of traditional technologies, direct intervention, counseling and testing (samples). The algorithmic nature of the methodology being formed, determined within the framework of the program approach in the organization of extracurricular activities, can be productively implemented within the framework of educational, social protection organizations, will be used in the implementation of the prevention of risky behavior of children, adolescents and youth.

Возможности среды современной школы в профилактике рискового поведения подростков

The purpose of the article was to consider the possibilities of a modern school in the prevention of risky behavior of adolescents. The focus of the research seems relevant due to the fact that the scientific solution meets the urgent needs of the practice of organizing these activities and fills a certain gap in modern research in overcoming risky behaviors of the younger generation. Methods of comparative analysis of psychological and pedagogical scientific sources were used in the preparation of the material, theoretical analysis of monographic and dissertation materials, documentation on the problems of research using generalization, comparison, systematization and modeling was carried out. The article considers a possible field of prevention of risky behavior at school, which lies at the intersection of three components of the environment of an educational organization. These include motivational-value (formation of factors that stimulate subjects of prevention to obtain a predictable positive result), social-subjective (formation of factors that contribute to the formation and development of subjectivity of adolescents in academic, extracurricular, extracurricular work, additional education, self-government, amateur activity), actualization – creative (formation of factors of creative realization of a teenager, aimed at on the formation of the ability to constructive risk) components. As a result, the author came to the conclusion that it is possible to achieve the predicted result of prevention of risky behavior of adolescents using the capabilities of a modern school resulting from the creation and replenishment of its components.

Digital game addiction, social anxiety, and parental attitudes in adolescents: A cross-sectional study

Digital game addiction negatively affects the physical and psychosocial health of adolescents. The aim of this study was to determine digital game addiction, social anxiety, and parental attitudes among adolescents, and to identify the risk factors of these parameters. A cross-sectional design was used. The sample consisted of 1379 students aged 14–17 years. A Personal Information Form, the Digital Game Addiction Scale, the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents, and the Parental Attitude Scale were used for collecting data. The prevelance of digital game addiction was found as 12.9%. The risk of digital game addiction was 2.6 times higher in boys compared to girls. While digital game addiction was the highest in adolescents who perceived their parent's attitude as negligent, social anxiety was found to be the highest in adolescents who perceived their parent's attitude as authoritarian. Parental attitude affected digital game addiction and social anxiety among adolescents. Gender, duration of playing games, and parental control over playing game were factors that predicted digital game addiction. School based screening programs should be designed for early detection of addiction, prevention of risky behaviors, and management of social anxiety in adolescents.

Profiles of quality of outpatient care use, associated sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, and adverse outcomes among patients with substance-related disorders

BackgroundThis study identified patient profiles in terms of their quality of outpatient care use, associated sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, and adverse outcomes based on frequent emergency department (ED) use, hospitalization, and death from medical causes.MethodsA cohort of 18,215 patients with substance-related disorders (SRD) recruited in addiction treatment centers was investigated using Quebec (Canada) health administrative databases. A latent class analysis was produced, identifying three profiles of quality of outpatient care use, while multinomial and logistic regressions tested associations with patient characteristics and adverse outcomes, respectively.ResultsProfile 1 patients (47% of the sample), labeled “Low outpatient service users”, received low quality of care. They were mainly younger, materially and socially deprived men, some with a criminal history. They had more recent SRD, mainly polysubstance, and less mental disorders (MD) and chronic physical illnesses than other Profiles. Profile 2 patients (36%), labeled “Moderate outpatient service users”, received high continuity and intensity of care by general practitioners (GP), while the diversity and regularity in their overall quality of outpatient service was moderate. Compared with Profile 1, they were older, less likely to be unemployed or to live in semi-urban areas, and most had common MD and chronic physical illnesses. Profile 3 patients (17%), labeled “High outpatient service users”, received more intensive psychiatric care and higher quality of outpatient care than other Profiles. Most Profile 3 patients lived alone or were single parents, and fewer lived in rural areas or had a history of homelessness, versus Profile 1 patients. They were strongly affected by MD, mostly serious MD and personality disorders. Compared with Profile 1, Profile 3 had more frequent ED use and hospitalizations, followed by Profile 2. No differences in death rates emerged among the profiles.ConclusionsFrequent ED use and hospitalization were strongly related to patient clinical and sociodemographic profiles, and the quality of outpatient services received to the severity of their conditions. Outreach strategies more responsive to patient needs may include motivational interventions and prevention of risky behaviors for Profile 1 patients, collaborative GP-psychiatrist care for Profile 2 patients, and GP care and intensive specialized treatment for Profile 3 patients.

Logoprevention: A New Concept of Prevention of Risky Behaviors in Children and Adolescents Based on the Assumptions of Victor E. Frankl’s Logotherapy

The article is based on both theory and research. The goal is to analyze selected aspects of the concepts of logotherapy and logotheory by Viktor E. Frankl, in terms of their use in developing programs for the prevention of risky behavior of children and adolescents. The subject of research is logotherapy. This concept provides a theoretical framework for creating programs for prevention of risky behavior. The main research problem boils down to the following question: Is logotherapy applicable, and to what extent, as the theoretical basis in the new concept of risk behavior prevention? The research method is a source analysis of data obtained through a selective search and a qualitative interview with the author of the first risk behavior prevention program in Poland based on the principles of logotherapy. After introducing the ideas of logotherapy, the author describes its key concept: the meaning of life in the process of human development and upbringing. She then discusses selected principles and techniques of logotherapy as the theoretical underpinning of logoprophylaxis. In the next section, she cites the practical application of logotheory and logotherapy in social prevention, using the example of the prevention program “Cuder: Live With Meaning” run by the “Archezja” Educational Support Foundation.

Internet Addiction in University Students – Czech study

The main purpose of the presented study is to explore the existing risk of Internet addiction for undergraduate students of Czech universities. The research was conducted as quantitative research; a CIAS-R questionnaire was applied. The data were collected in the years just before the Covid-19 pandemic (between October 2019 and March 2020). 3,366 respondents (2,151 females and 1,215 males) participated in our questionnaire survey. The average CIAS-R score achieved by our respondents was 44 points. It equals 6% of addicted college students (when applying the cut-off point of 63/64), and 3% of addicted students (when applying the cut-off point of 67/68). A significantly higher risk was revealed in males and in full-time students compared to females, and part-time students, respectively. The type of faculty studied was proved to be a significant intervening variable. Applying the 63/64 cut-off point, we revealed 5.6% of addicted students among the students of faculties of education, which is alarming (even if we consider the fact that applying the 67/68 cut-off point, we revealed 2.7% of addicted students.). These students represented almost 50% of our respondents, and they, as future teachers, will play an important role in the prevention of risky behavior.

Factors Related to Parental Involvement in the Prevention of Health Risk Behaviors among Adolescents: A Cross-sectional Study in East Java Indonesia

BACKGROUND: Adolescent development is a period of searching for self-identity including behavioral changes. Parental involvement is needed to prevent health risk behavior in adolescents. AIM: The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors associated with parental involvement in the prevention of risky behavior in adolescents. METHODS: The research design used cross-sectional through online distribution (Zoho form). The population in this study were parents who had adolescents attending senior high school in East Java. Based on consecutive sampling for a period of three months, 704 samples were obtained. The independent variables include demographic data (education of father and mother, gender of the child, number of children, means of transportation, type of child’s education, and knowledge), while the dependent variable in this study was parental involvement. Data analysis used the Spearman rank correlation with a significance level of α = 0.05. RESULTS: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the number of children (p = 0.033), means of transportation (p = 0.000), and parental knowledge (p = 0.04), while the results of other factors were the father’s education (p = 0.92), the mother’s education (p = 0.35), gender of the child (p=0.64), and the type of education of the child (p = 0.66). CONCLUSION: Parental involvement in preventing health-risk behavior in adolescents can be increased through controlling the number of children, means of transportation used by children, and parents’ knowledge about the importance of preventing health-risk behaviors in adolescents.

E-prevention in a rural school on the example of the "Edu_akcja Enter" programme preventing risky behaviours among students

Prevention of risky behaviours in children and adolescents consists in organizing activities, addressed to young people, the aim of which will be to eliminate or reduce the frequency of showing anti-health or problem-related behaviours by them. It is implemented not only by institutions and organizations that provide psychological and therapeutic help or preventive activities, but also by schools. During the COVID-19 pandemic, which caused enormous changes in the psychosocial functioning of adolescents, the preventive activity of schools changed its dimension and was transferred to a virtual space. Its example, created in one of rural primary schools, is the "Edu_akcja ENTER" project addressed to children and youth from grades IV-VIII, preventing risky behaviours among students and using distance learning methods. In its assumptions, it uses the philosophy of positive prevention, based on the use of resources and potential of students in the process of their education and upbringing. The aim of this article is to outline the problem of undertaking risky behaviours by children and adolescents in the context of remote education and to describe a preventive project implemented in primary schools in the Dobrzyniewo Duże commune, which may be an inspiration for teachers, educators, pedagogues who carry out tasks in the field of counteracting risky behaviours of students.

Barriers to the implementation of primary prevention of risky behaviour in school in the context of teacher/ school prevention methodologist activities

This research article is related to the issue of risky behaviour of elementary and high school pupils from the point of view of teachers responsible for implementing school-based primary prevention programs. The author aims at the perspective of teachers who serve as school prevention methodologists and who organize, realize, and assess school prevention programs. The text describes discursive questions related to prevention and the potential of the teachers leading to the effective implementation of school-based prevention programs. The presented research outcomes show the teachers’ evaluation of conditions provided for the realization of prevention programs in schools; it then analyses interviews with the teachers about behaviour issues they encounter in their students.Risky behaviour prevention is an obligatory component of education in the Czech Republic. Schools create prevention strategies and programs as part of the school curriculum. The key questions related to creating these documents include clarifying the general topics that the school should address within the theoretical bases, defining the key priorities and specifying the main topics in the prevention program. School prevention methodologists have a lack of confidence, which prevents them from preparing and evaluating the programs properly. Teachers must contend with a number of issues, yet they are not certain enough about the effective conditions and processes needed for the successful realization of prevention programs.The first part of the research design is based on data obtained from the mind maps analysis. These mind maps are the outcome of the school prevention methodologists’ participation in focus groups (n=28). Within these groups, participants captured the issues and conditions related to their personal view of the realization of prevention programs in their schools. The subsequent content analysis of the text, according to Klapko (2013), provides an interesting use of the connection between the primary mass mapping of the issue of the distribution of variables due to the categorical key and the in-depth data analysis within the context of the qualitative research study. The analysis of mind maps was realized in accordance with the research method described by Gavora (2010): the basic set of texts was determined (in this particular case, the mind maps), then the semantic units were classified into several analytic categories, and these units were finally quantified and described. The interpretation of the results (by the technique of “laying cards on the table”) is based on the research data obtained during the second phase of the research. This part concerns the interviews with teachers about their mind maps. The participants were asked to explain their personal attitude reflected in the selection of given categories and in the formulation of the logic chains. Research outcomes show important knowledge related to the realization of prevention programs in 28 schools in the South Bohemia region, all of which require support in this respect.

Premarital sexual practice and associated factors among social science stream university students in Ethiopia

BackgroundPremarital sex is penetrative sexual intercourse between couples before formal marriage. In higher institutions, students practiced risky sexual behaviors. These risky sexual behaviors lead them to sexually transmitted diseases and unintended pregnancies, which end in abortion. MethodsThe study used an institutional-based cross-sectional study design to collect data from July 1 to July 15, 2021. We used a simple random sampling technique to collect the data. The researchers checked the data for completeness and entered it into statistical software, Epidata 3.1 version. Then we exported it to SPSS version 23 for analysis. The analysis of the data included descriptive and inferential statistics. The variables with a p-value of < 5% at a 95 confidence interval were statistically significant. The results presentation used frequency tables, figures, and descriptions. ResultsThe magnitude of premarital sexual practice was 40.8% (95CI: 36, 45.7). The mean age of premarital sexual practice was 20.74 years. Premarital sexual practice was more likely among Economics Department Students, [AOR = 2.025, 95%CI (1.116, 3.675)], live with friends, [AOR = 1.885, 95%CI (1.009, 3.519), drinking alcohol 2–3 times per month, [AOR = 2.188, 95%CI (1.331, 3.519)], drinking alcohol 2–3 times per week [AOR = 1.987, 95% CI (1.023, 3.860)], and smoking cigarette, [AOR = 4.365, 95%CI (1.103, 17.275)]. Premarital sex was less likely among Management Department students, [AOR = 0.390, 95%CI (0.189, 0.806)]. ConclusionThe premarital sexual practice among the students was affected by the department of students, living arrangements, sexual health education, and alcohol consumption. The university and government should intervene through sexual health awareness and prevention of risky behavior.

Prevalence of sexual abuse and its association with health-risk behaviors among Brazilian adolescents: A populational study

BackgroundAnalysis of sexual abuse has usually been neglected in research at developing countries despite its everlasting consequences. This study examined the prevalence of sexual abuse among Brazilian adolescents according to data from the National School Health Survey (PeNSE) and analyzed it based on Brazilian regions, sociodemographic aspects, health information, and health-risk behaviors among Brazilian adolescents who reported having experienced sexual abuse previously. Participants and settingThe PeNSE data were utilized, and the sample included 102,072 students from all over Brazil, aged between 11 and 19 years. MethodsData were collected by questionnaires and were analyzed by multivariate analysis using the Poisson regression model. ResultsThe results denoted a relation between sexual abuse, social determinants of health variables (i.e., black, indigenous, and mixed skin color/ethnicity; Brazilian region public school, age between 15 and 18 years, and low education level of the mother), and health-risk behaviors (i.e., early sexual intercourse, having multiple sexual partners, unprotected sexual intercourse, use of tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drugs). ConclusionTherefore, reports of sexual abuse are associated with risky behaviors. Given these findings, targeted interventions on sexual abuse are essential for the health of adolescents and the prevention of risky behaviors, and can also facilitate programs to prevent sexual abuse.

COVID-19-Specific Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors in Psychiatrically Hospitalized Adolescents.

This study examined the presence and correlates of COVID-specific suicidal thoughts and behaviors (i.e., thoughts of or engaging in intentional COVID-19 exposure with associated suicidal intent) among psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents. Adolescents (N = 143) completed study measures as part of the standard intake process between March 13th and August 14th, 2020. Participants answered questionnaires assessing COVID-specific passive and active suicidal ideation (SI) and suicidal behavior, as well as COVID-related stressors and emotions, and public health guidance compliance. Findings highlights that COVID-specific SI is common in high-risk youth. COVID-specific SI was associated with COVID-19-related negative emotions, elevated stress, and decreased public health guidance compliance. Results suggest that COVID-specific suicidal thoughts and behaviors, and risk correlates, should be assessed within high-risk populations to facilitate prevention of risky behavior associated with intentional COVID-19 exposure.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10578-021-01225-3.

Can't simply roll it out: Evaluating a real-world virtual reality intervention to reduce driving under the influence.

Driving under the influence (DUI) increases the risk of crashes. Emerging technologies, such as virtual reality (VR), represent potentially powerful and attractive tools for the prevention of risky behaviours, such as DUI. Therefore, they are embraced in prevention efforts with VR interventions primed to grow in popularity in near future. However, little is known about the actual effectiveness of such DUI-targeting VR interventions. To help fill the knowledge gap, this study explored the effects of one VR intervention as delivered in the real world. Using pre and post test design, including an intervention group (n = 98) and a control group (n = 39), the intervention evaluation examined young drivers' (aged 18 to 25, no known history of DUI) intention and self-reported behaviour three months after the intervention as compared to the baseline. The results did not provide evidence for statistically significant effects of the VR intervention on self-reported DUI behaviour during the three months post intervention and DUI intention at three months post intervention. Such results might be due to the fact that the recruited participants generally self-reported little DUI behaviour, i.e. positively changing behaviour that is already positive is inherently challenging. Nevertheless, the results question the utility of funding the roll-out of arguably attractive technologies without a thorough understanding of their effectiveness in particular settings. To improve the potential for future positive outcomes of such interventions, we provide suggestions on how VR software might be further developed and, subsequently, leveraged in future research to improve the likelihood for behavioural change, e.g. by collecting, analysing and presenting objective driving performance data. Alternatively, future endeavours might focus on participants with known DUI history and examine the effects of the VR intervention for this particular higher-risk group.

The Role of Law Enforcement Officers/Police in Drug Prevention within Educational Settings-Study Protocol for the Development of a Guiding Document Based on Experts' Opinions.

The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime—World Health Organization International Standards on Drug Use Prevention—reflects the value of safe, nurturing and supportive social institutions around the lives of youths to benefit from the prevention of risky behavior extending beyond individually-developed resilience for healthy adolescent development. Schools are valuable social institutions to this effect and school safety and adolescent health outcomes can be threatened by drug use and violence. As such, collaborative, multi-level, evidence-based, developmentally sensitive, substance use prevention programs are imperative. The International Standards, in their latest version, did not reflect specific evidence of law enforcement officer-based programs with effect on drug use prevention, including in school settings. Nevertheless, the collaboration between law enforcement agencies and school-based substance use prevention programs continue to be the focus of research and policy. In this project, we aim to explore in more detail the role of law enforcement in preventing substance use in schools. We use mixed methods, including three phases: (i) scoping review on the best practices for effective law enforcement in school-based drug and crime prevention; (ii) interviews with experts, using the Delphi method, in substance use prevention and training law enforcement in school-based drug prevention; and iii) developing guidelines for law enforcement based on the findings. Initially, we identified a total of 17 papers that were categorized in four categories based on their results (negative or null effect n = 11 studies, positive effect n = 1 study, mixed effects n = 4 studies and indefinite conclusion n = 1 study). However, the authors of the studies with negative or null effect did recommend being cautious about these results due to the respective studies’ methodological limitations. The actual and perceived roles of police are largely unclear and/or variable. Therefore, clear outlines regarding law enforcement’s role within schools are crucial as one study showed that an officer’s role influences how they respond to student conduct. A secondary emergent theme from this review indicates that there is potential for positively impacting a youth’s perceptions of police through collaborative and engaging school-based programs. Currently the project is gradually moving to Phase II, where we are identifying the key experts based on scientifically published peer reviewed and grey literature/guidelines to investigate elements that make the role of law enforcement officers in school-based prevention more effective. Given the frequency with which policy makers around the world request information about the role of law enforcement in effective prevention efforts, guidelines on their roles within schools is a gap that needs to be filled. Such efforts would improve drug prevention in schools and better orient law enforcement’s role in drug prevention within educational settings.

Zloupotreba psihoaktivnih supstanci od strane mladih uzrasta 15-24 godine u Republici Srbiji

Introduction/Aim: The abuse of psychoactive substances among young people is a significant global public health problem. The aim of the study was to examine the prevalence of psychoactive substances use among adolescents in Republic of Serbia. Methods: In this secondary analysis of data, we used data from the Serbian national survey of population health from 2013, which was conducted by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Serbia and Institute of Public Health of Serbia. This cross-sectional study, which was conducted on a representative sample of the population of Serbia, included 1722 respondents aged 15 to 24 years (49% of women and 51% of men). Results: Out of the total number of young people aged 15-24, ⅓ of them declared themselves on the issue of cigarette consumption in the following way: 52.1% consumed cigarettes daily and 20.8% occasionally. Among the respondents, 41.3% were exposed to the indoor tobacco smoke for 1 hour or more daily, while 49.4% were concerned about the harmful effects of smoking on their health. Only a third said that they had never consumed alcohol or had only taken a few sips of alcohol in their lifetime. Men smoked slightly more often (52.2%) and consumed alcohol more often (every day or almost every day 0.7%, 5-6 days a week 0.7%, 3-4 days a week 4.5%, 1-2 days a week 15.7%, as well as 2-3 days a month 16.8%) than women (0.3%; 0.2%; 1.7%; 7.8%; 12%). About ¼ adolescents used 6 or more alcoholic beverages 1-3 days a month for the last 12 months. During the last 12 months, the respondents most often consumed painkillers (20.2%), sedatives (1.7%) and sleeping AIDS (2.3%) on their own initiative. There were 0.7% of users of illicit psychoactive substances (cannabis, cocaine, and glue). Conclusion: The results of the study of psychoactive substances abuse among young people in Serbia point to the necessity to work on the prevention of risky behavior.

OPTIMALISASI PERAN KADER REMAJA MELALUI PELATIHAN DAN DISKUSI INTERAKTIF TENTANG KENAKALAN REMAJA SEBAGAI ANTISIPASI DAMPAK NEGATIF PERKEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI

According to various sources, the increase in juvenile delinquency rates is very concerning. Prevention of risky behavior in adolescents is needed, because adolescence was a period where someone was looking for identity. Through Posyandu activities, teenagers have a place to get knowledge about various things, looking for solutions to problems related to health and so on. Based on information from the village midwife who is responsible for the existence and sustainability of the Youth Posyandu in Dawung Village, Palang District, Posyandu activities are increasingly passive. because of the decreasing interest of teenagers to attend every event that was initiated and held. Of the 517 teenagers who were targeted by the Youth Posyandu, only 50 (9.6%) attended the activity every month, And of the 50 teenagers who attended, when invited to discuss, they focused on the cellphone or gadget that was being held. Through this activity the researcher wants to optimize the role of youth cadres through increasing knowledge with training and interactive discussions with youth Posyandu cadres about juvenile delinquency as the impact of negative anticipation of the development of Information technology, as an effort to prevent the increasing risk behavior in adolescents.

Analisis Kebutuhan Pendidikan Pencegahan Perilaku Berisiko pada Remaja di Kabupaten Magelang

Background: Adolescents are vulnerable to risky behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and risky sexual behavior. The involvement of one risky behavior can lead to other risky behaviors. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent risky behavior to ensure adolescents' health. This study aimed to prevent risky behaviors according to adolescents' needs.Method: This was an observational research with the cross-sectional method. Data were obtained using a questionnaire through interviews with respondents. The research subjects were adolescents aged 15-24 years. Samples were randomly selected, as much as 100 adolescents. Results: There were 2 categories of adolescents, they were "delinquent adolescents" and "ordinary adolescents". The needs of SRH education of two groups were more in contents of SRH, methods, media, time, providers, and venue of SRH information delivery. The majority of respondents mostly preferred to select the subject related to he impact of risky behaviour. Discussion method and mixed media, they like to choose for delivering information at night time. Most of them prefer health workers to be as health educator beside their peers. There was no significant difference in the SRH need between two groups. However, the implementation of risky behavior prevention should be differentiated.

Exploring Factors Influencing the Risky Cycling Behaviors of Young Cyclists Aged 15-24 Years: A Questionnaire-Based Study in China.

Road traffic crashes are the leading cause of death for young people, among whom cyclists account for a higher percentage of injuries and deaths than any other road users. This study aimed to examine the factor structure of the Young Cyclist Behavior Questionnaire (YCBQ) and investigate the relationships among demographic characteristics, cycling use-related variables, perceived risk, perceived cycling skills, and risky cycling behaviors among young people. A sample of 448 cyclists (mean age of 20.37 years) completed the questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling were utilized. The YCBQ had a clear factorial structure, items with high factor loadings, and good internal consistency. The five-factor structure included traffic violations, impulsive behaviors, ordinary violations, distractions, and errors. Risky cycling behaviors could be explained by gender, age, perceived risk, and perceived cycling skills, with the model explaining 37% of the variance. Gender had the greatest impact on risky cycling behaviors; male individuals were more likely to engage in risky behaviors. Young cyclists with higher levels of perceived risk had lower probabilities of engaging in risky cycling behaviors. Cyclists with lower scores on perceived cycling skills were more likely to report engaging in risky cycling behaviors. Age significantly explained risky behaviors; the younger the cyclist was, the higher his or her risky behaviors score. This research provides a theoretical foundation for the prevention of risky behaviors among young cyclists. Regarding intervention design, attention to the identified gender differences, the need to strengthen the ability to perceive risk, and the importance of road safety education for young cyclists may promote safer cycling.